| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 3. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 5. |
- Liu, Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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Tuning the composition of heavy metal-free quaternary quantum dots for improved photoelectrochemical performance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 9:9, s. 5825-5832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are promising building blocks towards the development of cost-effective and high-efficiency photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. Unfortunately, the frequent use of QDs possessing heavy metals (e.g. Cd and Pb) in state-of-the-art QD-based PEC technologies is a major obstacle regarding their future commercial perspective. In this work, we synthesized heavy metal-free quaternary CuZnInS3 (CZIS) with variable Cu : Zn ratios and fabricated corresponding QDs-PEC devices via a facile chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. It is revealed that the tuned CZIS (1Zn) QDs (i.e. Cu : Zn ratio of 1 : 1) can result in optimized optical properties including enhanced quantum yield, suppressed nonradiative recombination and extended excitonic lifetime. Accordingly, as-fabricated CZIS (1Zn) QD-based photoanodes demonstrated increased charge transfer rate and decreased electron transport resistance for improved PEC performance. The results indicate that tuning the composition of heavy metal-free multinary QDs is one of the promising pathways to achieve eco-friendly and high-performance PEC systems for solar hydrogen production.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Centromere-Specific Retrotransposons and Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in the Genome of Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium, Sapindaceae), an Oil-Producing Tree With Significant Drought Resistance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In-depth genome characterization is still lacking for most of biofuel crops, especially for centromeres, which play a fundamental role during nuclear division and in the maintenance of genome stability. This study applied long-read sequencing technologies to assemble a highly contiguous genome for yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium), an oil-producing tree, and conducted extensive comparative analyses to understand centromere structure and evolution, and fatty acid biosynthesis. We produced a reference-level genome of yellowhorn, ∼470 Mb in length with ∼95% of contigs anchored onto 15 chromosomes. Genome annotation identified 22,049 protein-coding genes and 65.7% of the genome sequence as repetitive elements. Long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) account for ∼30% of the yellowhorn genome, which is maintained by a moderate birth rate and a low removal rate. We identified the centromeric regions on each chromosome and found enrichment of centromere-specific retrotransposons of LINE1 and Gypsy in these regions, which have evolved recently (∼0.7 MYA). We compared the genomes of three cultivars and found frequent inversions. We analyzed the transcriptomes from different tissues and identified the candidate genes involved in very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis and their expression profiles. Collinear block analysis showed that yellowhorn shared the gamma (γ) hexaploidy event with Vitis vinifera but did not undergo any further whole-genome duplication. This study provides excellent genomic resources for understanding centromere structure and evolution and for functional studies in this important oil-producing plant.
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| 7. |
- Long, Zhihang, et al.
(författare)
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Near-infrared, eco-friendly ZnAgInSe quantum dots-sensitized graphene oxide-TiO2 hybrid photoanode for high performance photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are promising building-blocks for the manufacture of cost-effective photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells towards efficient solar-to-hydrogen conversion. Nevertheless, the state-of-the-art QDs-based PEC systems still suffer from the frequent utilization of highly toxic elements in QDs (Cd and Pb), hindering their future practical applications and potential commercialization. Here, we report a PEC device fabricated using eco-friendly, near-infrared (NIR) ZnAgInSe (ZAISe) QDs and hybrid TiO2/graphene oxide (GO) film. Based on the synergistic effect of QD’s broad light absorption and excellent charge extraction/transport properties of TiO2/GO film, as-assembled QDs-photoanode exhibits an outstanding saturated photocurrent density of ∼6.7 mA/cm2 with good stability under standard 1 sun illumination. The introduction of functional GO can lead to the reduced charge transfer resistance, suppressed charge recombination, and enhanced electron transport within the QDs-TiO2 photoanodes. The results offer a facile and effective method to enhance the performance of environmentally friendly QDs-based PEC devices and shed light on the development of low-cost, “green” and high-efficiency solar-to-hydrogen conversion system.
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| 8. |
- Tang, Ting-Ting, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired thymic export and apoptosis contribute to regulatory T-cell defects in patients with chronic heart failure.
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203 .- 1932-6203. ; 6:9, s. e24272-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies suggest that regulatory T (T(reg)) cells play a beneficial role in ventricular remodeling and our previous data have demonstrated defects of T(reg) cells in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the mechanisms behind T(reg-)cell defects remained unknown. We here sought to elucidate the mechanism of T(reg-)cell defects in CHF patients.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Environmentally friendly Mn-alloyed core/shell quantum dots for high-efficiency photoelectrochemical cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 8:21, s. 10736-10741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colloidal quantum dot (QD)-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells are cost-effective devices showing remarkable solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency. However, the extensive use of highly toxic elements (e.g. Pb and Cd) in QDs' synthesis and device fabrication is still a major challenge towards their practical development. Herein, we fabricate a solar-driven PEC cell based on environmentally friendly Mn-alloyed CuInS2 (MnCIS)/ZnS core/shell QDs, showing more favorable band alignment, efficient charge transfer, reduced charge recombination and lower charge transfer resistance with respect to the control device fabricated using unalloyed CuInS2 (CIS)/ZnS core/shell QDs. An unprecedented photocurrent density of ∼5.7 mA cm−2 with excellent stability was obtained for the as-fabricated MnCIS/ZnS core/shell QD-based PEC device when operated under standard one sun irradiation (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2). These results indicate that the transition metal-alloyed environmentally friendly core/shell QDs are promising for next-generation solar technologies.
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| 10. |
- Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al.
(författare)
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Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
- 2015
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Ingår i: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
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| 11. |
- Du, Mulong, et al.
(författare)
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Cyp2a6 activity and cigarette consumption interact in smoking-related lung cancer susceptibility
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 84:4, s. 616-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cigarette smoke, containing both nicotine and carcinogens, causes lung cancer. However, not all smokers develop lung cancer, highlighting the importance of the interaction between host susceptibility and environmental exposure in tumorigenesis. Here, we aimed to delineate the interaction between metabolizing ability of tobacco carcinogens and smoking intensity in mediating genetic susceptibility to smoking-related lung tumorigenesis. Single-variant and gene-based associations of 43 tobacco carcinogen–metabolizing genes with lung cancer were analyzed using summary statistics and individual-level genetic data, followed by causal inference of Mendelian randomization, mediation analysis, and structural equation modeling. Cigarette smoke–exposed cell models were used to detect gene expression patterns in relation to specific alleles. Data from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (29,266 cases and 56,450 controls) and UK Biobank (2,155 cases and 376,329 controls) indicated that the genetic variant rs56113850 C>T located in intron 4 of CYP2A6 was significantly associated with decreased lung cancer risk among smokers (OR = 0.88, 95% confidence interval = 0.85–0.91, P = 2.18 X 10-16), which might interact (Pinteraction = 0.028) with and partially be mediated (ORindirect = 0.987) by smoking status. Smoking intensity accounted for 82.3% of the effect of CYP2A6 activity on lung cancer risk but entirely mediated the genetic effect of rs56113850. Mechanistically, the rs56113850 T allele rescued the downregulation of CYP2A6 caused by cigarette smoke exposure, potentially through preferential recruitment of transcription factor helicase-like transcription factor. Together, this study provides additional insights into the interplay between host susceptibility and carcinogen exposure in smoking-related lung tumorigenesis.
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| 12. |
- Pan, Kuan-Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial working conditions, trajectories of disability, and the mediating role of cognitive decline and chronic diseases : A population-based cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: PLoS Medicine. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 16:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Unfavorable psychosocial working conditions have been associated with cognitive decline and chronic diseases, both of which may subsequently accelerate functional dependence. This study aimed to investigate the association between job demand-control-support combinations and trajectories of disability in later life and to further explore the role of cognitive decline and the co-occurrence of chronic diseases in mediating this association. Methods and findings In this cohort study, 2,937 community dwellers aged 60+ years (mean age 73 +/- 10.6; 62.9% female) residing in the Kungsholmen District of Stockholm, Sweden, participated in the baseline survey (2001-2004) and were followed up to 12 years. Lifelong occupational history was obtained through a standardized interview; job demands, job control, and social support at work in the longest-held occupation were graded with a psychosocial job-exposure matrix. Job control, demands, and social support were dichotomized using the median values from the matrix, respectively, to further generate demand-control-support combinations. Disability was measured by summing the number of impaired basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Global cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination. Chronic conditions were ascertained by clinical examinations, medical history, and patient clinical records; the total number of chronic diseases was summed. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and mediation analysis. Age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, smoking, leisure activity engagement, early-life socioeconomic status, occupational characteristic and physical demands, and baseline cognitive function and number of chronic diseases were adjusted for in the analyses. Compared with active jobs (high control/high demands; n = 1,807), high strain (low control/high demands; n = 328), low strain (high control/low demands; n = 495), and passive jobs (low control/low demands; n = 307) were all associated with a faster rate of disability progression (beta = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02-0.13, p = 0.01; beta = 0.10, 95% CI 0.06-0.15, p < 0.001; beta = 0.11, 95% CI 0.05-0.18, p < 0.001). The association between high strain and disability progression was only shown in people with low social support at work (beta = 0.13, 95% CI 0.07-0.19, p < 0.001), but not in those with high social support (beta = 0.004, 95% CI -0.09 to 0.10, p = 0.93). Moreover, we estimated that the association between demand-control status and disability trajectories was mediated 38.5% by cognitive decline and 18.4% by accumulation of chronic diseases during the follow-up period. The limitations of this study include unmeasured confounding, self-reported work experience, and the reliance on a psychosocial job-exposure matrix that does not consider variabilities in individuals' perception on working conditions or job characteristics within occupations. Conclusions Our findings suggest that negative psychosocial working conditions during working life may accelerate disability progression in later life. Notably, social support at work may buffer the detrimental effect of high strain on disability progression. Cognitive decline and chronic-disease accumulation, and especially the former, partially mediate the association of psychosocial working conditions with trajectories of disability. Further studies are required to explore more mechanisms that underlie the association between psychosocial working conditions and disability trajectories. Author summaryWhy was this study done? Work is one of the activities that take up a considerable amount of time in our adult lives, thus potentially making it an important determinant of health, even in later life. Inability to independently carry out daily tasks (defined as disability) can affect older people's quality of life and pose a burden on caregivers and societies. A better understanding of the pathway between midlife working conditions and late-life disability may help the development of preventive strategies. What did the researchers do and find? We studied the association of psychosocial working conditions with the rate of disability progression over 12 years in a cohort of 2,937 individuals aged 60 years and older. We found that unfavorable psychosocial working conditions, including high-strain, low-strain, and passive jobs, were related to a faster rate of disability progression. The association of high-strain jobs with accelerated disability accumulation was only present among people with low social support at work. The decrement in cognitive function and increase in chronic-disease burden, and especially the former, partially explained the relationship between unfavorable working conditions and disability progression in later life. What do these findings mean? Unfavorable psychosocial working conditions during working life are related to the progression of disability in later life. Public health authorities, employers, and employees should all be aware of that. Social support at work is especially important in a high-strain work environment given its capacity to attenuate the impact of high-strain jobs on disability accumulation. Monitoring cognitive function and medical conditions of people with unfavorable working conditions is endorsed by the role of both dimensions, and especially of cognitive dysfunction, in accelerating disability progression in older age.
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| 13. |
- Prentice, S. J., et al.
(författare)
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SN 2016coi/ASASSN-16fp : an example of residual helium in a type Ic supernova?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 478:3, s. 4162-4192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optical observations of Ic-4 supernova (SN) 2016coi/ASASSN-16fp, from similar to 2 to similar to 450 d after explosion, are presented along with analysis of its physical properties. The SN shows the broad lines associated with SNe Ic-3/4 but with a key difference. The early spectra display a strong absorption feature at similar to 5400 angstrom which is not seen in other SNe Ic-3/4 at this epoch. This feature has been attributed to He I in the literature. Spectral modelling of the SN in the early photospheric phase suggests the presence of residual He in a C/O dominated shell. However, the behaviour of the He I lines is unusual when compared with He-rich SNe, showing relatively low velocities and weakening rather than strengthening over time. The SN is found to rise to peak similar to 16 d after core-collapse reaching a bolometric luminosity of L-p similar to 3 x 10(42) erg s(-1). Spectral models, including the nebular epoch, show that the SN ejected 2.5-4M(circle dot) of material, with similar to 1.5M(circle dot) below 5000 km s(-1), and with a kinetic energy of (4.5-7) x 10(51) erg. The explosion synthesized similar to 0.14M(circle dot) of Ni-56. There are significant uncertainties in E(B - V)(host) and the distance, however, which will affect L-p and M-Ni. SN 2016coi exploded in a host similar to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and away from star-forming regions. The properties of the SN and the host-galaxy suggest that the progenitor had M-ZAMS of 23-28M(circle dot) and was stripped almost entirely down to its C/O core at explosion.
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| 14. |
- Ren, Luyao, et al.
(författare)
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Quartet DNA reference materials and datasets for comprehensively evaluating germline variant calling performance
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Genomic DNA reference materials are widely recognized as essential for ensuring data quality in omics research. However, relying solely on reference datasets to evaluate the accuracy of variant calling results is incomplete, as they are limited to benchmark regions. Therefore, it is important to develop DNA reference materials that enable the assessment of variant detection performance across the entire genome.RESULTS: We established a DNA reference material suite from four immortalized cell lines derived from a family of parents and monozygotic twins. Comprehensive reference datasets of 4.2 million small variants and 15,000 structural variants were integrated and certified for evaluating the reliability of germline variant calls inside the benchmark regions. Importantly, the genetic built-in-truth of the Quartet family design enables estimation of the precision of variant calls outside the benchmark regions. Using the Quartet reference materials along with study samples, batch effects are objectively monitored and alleviated by training a machine learning model with the Quartet reference datasets to remove potential artifact calls. Moreover, the matched RNA and protein reference materials and datasets from the Quartet project enables cross-omics validation of variant calls from multiomics data.CONCLUSIONS: The Quartet DNA reference materials and reference datasets provide a unique resource for objectively assessing the quality of germline variant calls throughout the whole-genome regions and improving the reliability of large-scale genomic profiling.
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| 15. |
- Shang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Association of diabetes with stroke and post-stroke dementia : A population-based cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 16:7, s. 1003-1012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The impact of prediabetes and diabetes on stroke and the development of dementia after a stroke remain unclear.Methods: A total of 2655 dementia-free participants (including a stroke-free cohort and a prevalent stroke cohort) were followed-up for 12 years. Dementia and post-stroke dementia were determined by clinical examinations and national registry data. Diabetes was ascertained via medical examination, medication use, medical records, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >= 6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as H bA1c >= 5.7% in diabetes-free participants.Results: In the stroke-free cohort, 236 participants developed ischemic stroke, and 47 developed post-stroke dementia. Diabetes was associated with ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16 to 2.67) and post-stroke dementia (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.04 to 6.25). In the prevalent stroke cohort, diabetes was also related to dementia risk. Prediabetes was not significantly related to stroke or post-stroke dementia.Discussion: Diabetes, but not prediabetes, is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and post-stroke dementia.
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| 16. |
- Shang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and Evolution of Prediabetes among Older Adults : A Population-Based Cohort Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 67:suppl 1, s. LB49-LB49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The incidence and evolution of prediabetes in older adults is still unclear. We aimed to estimate the incidence of prediabetes, the rates of prediabetes reverting to normoglycemia or progressing to type 2 diabetes, and to identify possible prognostic factors among older adults with prediabetes.Methods: In the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen Project, 3049 diabetes-free participants aged ≥60 years were examined at baseline (2001-2004), and were followed-up to 12 years (2013-2016). At each wave, type 2 diabetes was ascertained based on self-report, antidiabetic drug use, medical records, or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). In diabetes-free participants, prediabetes was assessed as HbA1c ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol), and normoglycemia was defined as HbA1c <5.7%. Data were analysed with Poisson regression and multinomial logistic regression.Results: During 12 years follow-up, among 1972 (64.7%) participants with normoglycemia, 505 (25.6%) developed prediabetes (incidence=4.3/100 person-years, 95% CI 3.9-4.8). Of the 1077 (35.3%) participants with prediabetes at baseline, 204 (18.9%) reverted to normoglycemia (reversion rate=3.1/100 person-years, 95% CI: 2.6-3.6) and 119 (11.0%) progressed to type 2 diabetes (progression rate=1.7/100 person-years, 95% CI: 1.3-2.1). The reversal to normoglycemia was significantly associated with lower systolic blood pressure and weight loss, while, obesity and weight gain were risk factors for progression to type 2 diabetes.Conclusions: The incidence of prediabetes is high (about 26%) among older adults. Around 19% of people with prediabetes may revert to normoglycemia and 11% progress to type 2 diabetes. Weight change and systolic blood pressure may play a role in such evolution.
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| 17. |
- Shang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Natural history of prediabetes in older adults from a population-based longitudinal study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 286:3, s. 326-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The natural history of prediabetes in older adults remains unknown.Objectives. To assess the rate at which prediabetes progresses to diabetes, leads to death or reverts to normoglycaemia in older adults and to identify prognostic factors related to different outcomes of prediabetes.Methods. In the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen, 2575 diabetes-free participants aged >= 60 years were examined at baseline and followed for up to 12 years. At each wave, diabetes was diagnosed via medical examination, antidiabetic drug use, medical records or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) >= 6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as HbA1c >= 5.7% and normoglycaemia as HbA1c <5.7% in diabetes-free participants. Data were analysed with multinomial logistic regression.Results. At baseline, 918 (36%) individuals had prediabetes. Of them, 204 (22%) reverted to normoglycaemia (3.4/100 person-years, 95% CI 5.6-12.3), 119 (13%) developed diabetes (2.0/100 person-years, 95% CI 1.7-2.4) and 215 (23%) died (13.0/100 person-years, 95% CI 11.4-14.9) during the 12-year follow-up. The rates of reversion, progression and mortality were higher in the first 6-year than in the second 6-year follow-up, albeit not statistically significant. Lower systolic blood pressure (SBP), absence of heart diseases and weight loss promoted the reversion from prediabetes to normoglycaemia, whilst obesity accelerated its progression to diabetes.Conclusions. During a 12-year follow-up, most of older adults with prediabetes remained stable or reverted to normoglycaemia, whereas only one-third developed diabetes or died. Lower SBP, no heart diseases and weight management may promote reversion to normoglycaemia, suggesting possible strategies for achieving normoglycaemia in older adults with prediabetes.
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| 18. |
- Wang, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Reserve : A Life-Course Perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurobiological and Psychological Aspects of Brain Recovery. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783031249303 - 9783031249297 - 9783031249327 ; , s. 121-135
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concept of reserve has been developed to account for the discontinuity between the extent of brain damage at its clinical manifestation in the form of cognitive decline or dementia. In this chapter, we discuss contributors to cognitive reserve from various stages of the life-course, including childhood, early adulthood, middle age, and late life. Evidence from observational studies as well as intervention trials is presented and assessed. We conclude by arguing that reserve formation in dementia risk is a life-course process whereby baseline cognitive abilities are subjected to modulation by subsequent experiences at diverse stages over the entire life-course. Variations among individuals in their ability to withstand age-related brain changes are ultimately dependent on their life-time accumulation of mental, physical, and lifestyle inputs into cognitive reserve.
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| 19. |
- Wang, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Shared risk and protective factors between Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke : A population-based longitudinal study.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 17:2, s. 191-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Stroke, especially ischemic stroke's (IS) link with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear.METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 2459 AD- and cerebrovascular disease-free older adults at baseline (mean age 71.9 ± 10.3 years, Stockholm, Sweden). Using Cox regressions, shared risk factors (SRFs) and shared protective factors (SPFs) between AD and IS were recognized when their hazard ratios in both AD and IS models were significant and in the same direction.RESULTS: During the follow-up period of up to 15 years, 132 AD and 260 IS mutually exclusive cases were identified. SRFs were low education, sedentary lifestyle, and heart diseases. High levels of psychological well-being, actively engaging in leisure activities, and a rich social network were SPFs. Having ≥1 SPF reduced 47% of AD and 28% of IS risk among people with a low risk profile (<2 SRFs), and 38% of AD and 31% of IS risk with a high risk profile (≥2 SRFs). In total, 57.8% of AD/IS cases could be prevented if individuals have ≥1 SPF and no SRF.DISCUSSION: AD and IS share risk/protective profiles, and SPFs seem to counteract the adverse effects of SRFs on both AD and IS.
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| 20. |
- Xu, Yan, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Amine Additives on Perovskite Precursor Aging : A Case Study of Light-Emitting Diodes
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 12:25, s. 5836-5843
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amines are widely employed as additives for improving the performance of metal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices. However, amines are well-known for their high chemical reactivity, the impact of which has yet to receive enough attention from the perovskite light-emitting diode community. Here, by investigating an unusual positive aging effect of CH3NH3I/CsI/PbI2 precursor solutions as an example, we reveal that amines gradually undergo N-formylation in perovskite precursors over time. This reaction is initialized by hydrolysis of dimethylformamide in the acidic chemical environment. Further investigations suggest that the reaction products collectively impact perovskite crystallization and eventually lead to significantly enhanced external quantum efficiency values, increasing from similar to 2% for fresh solutions to greater than or similar to 12% for aged ones. While this case study provides a positive aging effect, a negative aging effect is possible in other perovksite systems. Our findings pave the way for more reliable and reproducible device fabrication and call for further attention to underlying chemical reactions within the perovskite inks once amine additives are included.
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| 21. |
- Zhao, Xue-Ke, et al.
(författare)
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Focal amplifications are associated with chromothripsis events and diverse prognoses in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of focal amplifications and extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is unknown in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Here, we identify frequent focal amplifications and ecDNAs in Chinese GCA patient samples, and find focal amplifications in the GCA cohort are associated with the chromothripsis process and may be induced by accumulated DNA damage due to local dietary habits. We observe diverse correlations between the presence of oncogene focal amplifications and prognosis, where ERBB2 focal amplifications positively correlate with prognosis and EGFR focal amplifications negatively correlate with prognosis. Large-scale ERBB2 immunohistochemistry results from 1668 GCA patients show survival probability of ERBB2 positive patients is lower than that of ERBB2 negative patients when their surviving time is under 2 years, however, the tendency is opposite when their surviving time is longer than 2 years. Our observations indicate that the ERBB2 focal amplifications may represent a good prognostic marker in GCA patients.
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| 22. |
- Chen, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Epigenome-wide gene-age interaction analysis reveals reversed effects of PRODH DNA methylation on survival between young and elderly early-stage NSCLC patients
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1945-4589. ; 12:11, s. 10642-10662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA methylation changes during aging, but it remains unclear whether the effect of DNA methylation on lung cancer survival varies with age. Such an effect could decrease prediction accuracy and treatment efficacy. We performed a methylation-age interaction analysis using 1,230 early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients from five cohorts. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma patients for methylation-age interactions, which were further confirmed in a validation phase. We identified one adenocarcinoma-specific CpG probe, cg14326354PRODH, with effects significantly modified by age (HRinteraction = 0.989; 95% CI: 0.986-0.994; P = 9.18×10-7). The effect of low methylation was reversed for young and elderly patients categorized by the boundary of 95% CI standard (HRyoung = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.26-4.72; P = 8.34×10-3; HRelderly = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.42-0.82; P = 1.67×10-3). Moreover, there was an antagonistic interaction between low cg14326354PRODH methylation and elderly age (HRinteraction = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.11-0.40; P = 2.20×10-6). In summary, low methylation of cg14326354PRODH might benefit survival of elderly lung adenocarcinoma patients, providing new insight to age-specific prediction and potential drug targeting.
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| 23. |
- Liang, Yajun, et al.
(författare)
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Migraine, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia in Older Adults : A Population-Based Study.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 88:1, s. 263-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The potential impact of migraine on cognitive aging among older adults remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of migraine and subtypes with cognitive decline and dementia in an older Swedish population.METHODS: This population-based study included 3069 participants (age≥60) from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, Stockholm. Baseline examination was conducted in 2001-2004, and participants were followed every 3 or 6 years until 2013-2016. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and linkage with registers. Global cognitive function was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Dementia was diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. Migraine and subtypes were defined following the international classification system. Data were analyzed using logistic regression, Cox regression, and linear mixed-effects models.RESULTS: At baseline, 305 participants were defined with non-migraine headache and 352 with migraine. The cross-sectional analysis showed that the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of prevalent dementia was 0.49 (0.20-1.21) for migraine and 0.66 (0.26-1.66) for migraine without aura. The longitudinal analysis showed that the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of incident dementia associated with migraine and subtypes ranged 0.68-0.89 (p > 0.05). Furthermore, migraine and subtypes were not significantly associated with either baseline MMSE score or MMSE changes during follow-ups (p > 0.05). The nonsignificant associations did not vary substantially by age, APOEɛ4 allele, cerebrovascular disease, and antimigraine treatment (p for interactions > 0.05).CONCLUSION: This study shows no evidence supporting the associations of migraine and its subtypes with cognitive decline and dementia among older adults.
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| 24. |
- Liao, Xiwen, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive investigation of key biomarkers and pathways in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cancer. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1837-9664. ; 10:23, s. 5689-5704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Our study is aim to explore potential key biomarkers and pathways in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using genome-wide expression profile dataset and methods. Methods: Dataset from the GSE14520 is used as the training cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset as the validation cohort. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening were performed by the limma package. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), gene ontology, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and risk score model were used for pathway and genes identification. Results: GSEA revealed that several pathways and biological processes are associated with hepatocarcinogenesis, such as the cell cycle, DNA repair, and p53 pathway. A total of 160 DEGs were identified. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included toxic substance decomposition and metabolism processes, and the P450 and p53 pathways. Eleven of the DEGs were identified as hub DEGs in the WGCNA. In survival analysis of hub DEGs, high expression of PRC1 and TOP2A were significantly associated with poor clinical outcome of HBV-related HCC, and shown a good performance in HBV-related HCC diagnosis. The prognostic signature consisting of PRC1 and TOP2A also doing well in the prediction of HBV-related HCC prognosis. The diagnostic and prognostic values of PRC1 and TOP2A was confirmed in TCGA HCC patients. Conclusions: Key biomarkers and pathways identified in the present study may enhance the comprehend of the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis. Additionally, mRNA expression of PRC1 and TOP2A may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HBV-related HCC.
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| 25. |
- Liao, Xiwen, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated analysis of competing endogenous RNA network revealing potential prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cancer. - : Ivyspring International Publisher. - 1837-9664. ; 10:14, s. 3267-3283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The goal of our study is to identify a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network using dysregulated RNAs between HCC tumors and the adjacent normal liver tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets, and to investigate underlying prognostic indicators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods: All of the RNA- and miRNA-sequencing datasets of HCC were obtained from TCGA, and dysregulated RNAs between HCC tumors and the adjacent normal liver tissues were investigated by DESeq and edgeR algorithm. Survival analysis was used to confirm underlying prognostic indicators. Results: In the present study, we constructed a ceRNA network based on 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 7 differentially expressed microRNAs and 34 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DELs). Among these dysregulated RNAs, three DELs (AP002478.1, HTR2A-AS1, and ERVMER61-1) and six DEGs (enhancer of zeste homolog 2 [EZH2], kinesin family member 23 [KIF23], chromobox 2 [CBX2], centrosomal protein 55 [CEP55], cell division cycle 25A [CDC25A], and claspin [CLSPN]) were used for construct a prognostic signature for HCC overall survival (OS), and performed well in HCC OS (adjusted P<0.0001, adjusted hazard ratio = 2.761, 95% confidence interval = 1.838-4.147). Comprehensive survival analysis demonstrated that this prognostic signature may be act as an independent prognostic indicator of HCC OS. Functional assessment of these dysregulated DEGs in the ceRNA network and gene set enrichment of this prognostic signature suggest that both were enriched in the biological processes and pathways of the cell cycle, cell division and cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our current study constructed a ceRNA network for HCC, and developed a prognostic signature that may act as an independent indicator for HCC OS.
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| 26. |
- Liu, Si, et al.
(författare)
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Ligand modification to stabilize the cobalt complexes for water oxidation
- 2017
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 42:50, s. 29716-29724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ligand modifications with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups were applied to afford three novel mononuclear cobalt-based catalysts [Co(TPA-R)]2+ (TPA = tris(2-pyridylmethyl) amine; R = tri-α F, 1; R = tri-αOMe, 2; R = mono-αF, 3) for water oxidation. Characterization of the catalysts shows that steric and electronic factors play important roles in inhibiting spontaneous intermolecular dimerization of two cobalt centers, and influence the catalytic behavior. Complex 1 exhibits the best catalytic ability and stability, showing a good efficiency with TOF of 6.03 ± 0.02 mol (O2)/(mol (cat)*s) in photo-induced water oxidation experiments using Ru (bpy)3 2+ as photosensitizer and Na2S2O8 as electron acceptor. The bulky electron donating groups in 2 led to degradation of the complex and formation of CoOx particles acting as the real catalyst. Electron-withdrawing substituents on the TPA ligand can stabilize the catalyst under both electrochemical and photo-induced conditions, with the enhancement increasing with the number of the electron-withdrawing groups. © 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.
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| 27. |
- Song, Jiali, et al.
(författare)
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Solid additive engineering enables high-efficiency and eco-friendly all-polymer solar cells
- 2022
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Ingår i: Matter. - : ELSEVIER. - 2590-2393 .- 2590-2385. ; 5:11, s. 4047-4059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, morphology optimization of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) strongly depends on the use of solvent additives, which are usually highly toxic and harmful to the environment and human health. Here, we report a green and volatile solid additive, 2-methoxynaphthalene (2-MN). It was found that the incorporation of 2-MN into a PM6:PY-DT blend can effectively manipulate the aggregations of PM6 and PY-DT during film depositing and thermal annealing processes and results in highly ordered molecular packing and favorable phase-separated morphology. Consequently, a re-cord-high efficiency of 17.32% is achieved for the PM6:PY-DT de-vice. Moreover, 2-MN-processed all-PSCs were fabricated by using non-halogenated solvent. High efficiencies of 17.03% and 16.67% are obtained for all-PSCs fabricated under nitrogen atmosphere and ambient conditions, respectively. Our work shows that the utili-zation of 2-MN as a green and solid additive is a simple and feasible strategy to optimize the morphology and sheds new light on eco-friendly fabrication and application of all-PSCs.
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| 28. |
- Wang, Guan, et al.
(författare)
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Transient analyses for China initiative Accelerator Driven System using the extended BELLA code
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China initiative Accelerator Driven System (CiADS) is a 10 MW lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) cooled subcritical reactor loaded with UO2 fuels in the first phase, which is designed to demonstrate the engineering feasibility of the ADS concept. The transient analyses were performed to show the safety potential and dynamic characteristics of the CiADS subcritical reactor using the extended BELLA code. Typical scenarios, such as beam-trip transients, unprotected beam overpower (UBOP), unprotected and protected loss of flow (ULOF and PLOF), unprotected and protected loss of heat sink (ULOHS and PLOHS) and self-defined station blackout (SBO), were analyzed and simulated. The results indicate that, as a low-power reactor, the CiADS subcritical reactor has a large margin to avoid severe damage in the core. Short-term cladding failure caused by thermal fatigue under frequent beam trips may not happen since the variations of temperatures are relatively small. However, accelerated LBE corrosion combined with accumulated creep tends to be a risk under ULOF and ULOHS.
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| 29. |
- Wang, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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On Constructing Pairing-Free Identity-Based Encryptions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. ; 11060 LNCS, s. 308-327
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we focus on constructing IBE from hardness assumptions without pairings. Especially, we propose two IBE schemes that are provably secure under new number theoretic assumptions over the group ZN2∗, in the Random Oracle (RO) model. We essentially take advantage of the underlying algebraic structure to overcome the difficulties in devising an IBE scheme. More precisely, our contributions are two-fold and can be summarised as follows: (i) We give two concrete pairing-free constructions of IBE based on a variant of DDH assumption and Paillier’s DCR assumption respectively over the group ZN2∗. These schemes are quite efficient and easily to be proven IND- ID- CPA in the random oracle model. (ii) We also provide a generic construction of selectively secure IBE from DDH group with a DL -solvable subgroup in the standard model by employing puncturable PRFs and indistinguishability obfuscation.
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| 30. |
- Wang, Xin ping, et al.
(författare)
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Spatiotemporal variation of soil water potential and its significance to water balance for a desert shrub area
- 2022
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Ingår i: Soil and Tillage Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-1987. ; 224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In dry sandy soil, soil water is naturally redistributed by forces owing to matric and gravitational potential, and temperature gradients. Occurring shrub vegetation strongly influences these patterns by hydraulic redistribution within the soil. This means that plants can move water from moist to drier soil areas to extract nutrients from the drier soil and enhance nutrient uptake. This incorporates both upward and downward transport of water through the roots. Diel soil water potential (ψs) and soil temperature fluctuation were investigated at 30-min intervals for a respectively vegetated desert shrub area and non-vegetated bare area. Soil water potential fluctuations at the vegetated area reflected daytime depletion and nocturnal re-supply of water due to hydraulic redistribution while corresponding fluctuations at the non-vegetated area were mainly due to variation in soil temperature. Thus, the greatest diel ψs variability occurred in the vegetated area that averaged −0.401 MPa with a smaller variation in the non-vegetated area with an average of −0.009 MPa. At the shrub scale, ψs was strongly correlated with root distribution pattern that corroborates that diel variation in the active root zone of the shrub was mainly attributed to hydraulic redistribution. In the non-vegetated area, ψs responded more strongly to temperature gradients. The total of hydraulic redistribution of soil water storage increment accounted for 27 % of the total rainfall through the growing season from April to September. The study shows that it is important to consider biotic-factors such as hydraulic redistribution when analyzing water balance changes and hydrological niche segregation for desert ecosystems.
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| 31. |
- Wu, Chuansha, et al.
(författare)
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Modification of Food Allergy on the Associations between Early Life Exposure to Size-Specific Particulate Matter and Childhood Allergic Rhinitis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 58:4, s. 1813-1822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have reported the association between particulate matter (PM) and childhood allergic rhinitis (AR). However, it is unclear whether food allergy (FA) modifies the PM-AR association. We aimed at evaluating the effect of the modification of FA on PM-AR association in preschool children. We adopted a cross-sectional study and conducted a questionnaire survey among preschool children aged 3-6 years in 7 cities in China from June 2019 to June 2020 to collect information on AR and FA. We used a combination of multilevel logistic regression and restricted cubic spline functions to quantitatively assess whether FA modifies the associations between size-specific PM exposure (1 x 1 km) and the risk of AR. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for AR among the children with FA as per a 10 mu g/m(3) increase in early life PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were significantly higher than the corresponding ORs among the children without FA [e.g., OR: 1.58, 95% CI: (1.32, 1.90) vs 1.29, 95% CI: (1.18, 1.41), per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in PM1]. The interactions between FA and size-specific PM exposure and their effects on AR were statistically significant (all p-int < 0.001). FA, as an important part of the allergic disease progression, may modify the PM-AR association in preschool children.
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| 32. |
- Wu, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Can dementia risk be reduced by following the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7? : A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ageing Research Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1568-1637 .- 1872-9649. ; 83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to quantify the relationships between the American Heart Association (AHA) Cardiovascular Health (CVH) metrics, namely AHA Life's Simple 7, and cognitive outcomes. We searched PubMed and Embase (January 1, 2010-August 24, 2022) and finally included 14 longitudinal studies (311654 participants with 8006 incident dementia cases). Random-effects meta-analysis and one-stage linear mixed-effects models were performed. Increased CVH score seemed to associate with decreased risk of incident dementia in a linear manner, but this relationship varied by the measurement age of CVH metrics. That is, midlife CVH tended to have a linear association with late-life dementia risk, whereas a J-shaped association was observed between the late-life CVH score and dementia. In addition, late-life dementia risk was reduced significantly if individuals maintained an ideal level of AHA's CVH guidelines of physical activity, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, and smoking. However, our meta-analysis did not show a significant association between CVH score and global cognitive decline rate. Following AHA's CVH guidelines and maintaining CVH at an optimal level would substantially reduce the late-life dementia risk. More research is required to explore the link between a favorable CVH score and cognitive trajectories among cognitively asymptomatic older populations.
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| 33. |
- Xia, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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From Normal Cognition to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia : Impact of Orthostatic Hypotension.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 78:3, s. 769-778
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of orthostatic hypotension (OH) in the continuum of cognitive aging remains to be clarified. We sought to investigate the associations of OH with dementia, cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND), and CIND progression to dementia in older adults while considering orthostatic symptoms. This population-based cohort study included 2532 baseline (2001–2004) dementia-free participants (age ≥60 years; 62.6% women) in the SNAC-K (Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen) who were regularly examined over 12 years. We further divided the participants into a baseline CIND-free cohort and a CIND cohort. OH was defined as a decrease by ≥20/10 mmHg in systolic/diastolic blood pressure upon standing and further divided into asymptomatic and symptomatic OH. Dementia was diagnosed following the international criteria. CIND was defined as scoring ≥1.5 SDs below age group-specific means in ≥1 cognitive domain. Data were analyzed with flexible parametric survival models, controlling for confounding factors. Of the 2532 participants, 615 were defined with OH at baseline, and 322 were diagnosed with dementia during the entire follow-up period. OH was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.40 for dementia (95% CI, 1.10–1.76), 1.15 (0.94–1.40) for CIND, and 1.54 (1.05–2.25) for CIND progression to dementia. The associations of dementia and CIND progression to dementia with asymptomatic OH were similar to overall OH, whereas symptomatic OH was only associated with CIND progression to dementia. Our study suggests that OH, even asymptomatic OH, is associated with increased risk of dementia and accelerated progression from CIND to dementia in older adults.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Zhang, Ruyang, et al.
(författare)
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Independent Validation of Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Prognostic Scores Incorporating Epigenetic and Transcriptional Biomarkers With Gene-Gene Interactions and Main Effects
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692. ; 158:2, s. 808-819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: DNA methylation and gene expression are promising biomarkers of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Besides the main effects of biomarkers, the progression of complex diseases is also influenced by gene-gene (G×G) interactions. Research Question: Would screening the functional capacity of biomarkers on the basis of main effects or interactions, using multiomics data, improve the accuracy of cancer prognosis? Study Design and Methods: Biomarker screening and model validation were used to construct and validate a prognostic prediction model. NSCLC prognosis-associated biomarkers were identified on the basis of either their main effects or interactions with two types of omics data. A prognostic score incorporating epigenetic and transcriptional biomarkers, as well as clinical information, was independently validated. Results: Twenty-six pairs of biomarkers with G×G interactions and two biomarkers with main effects were significantly associated with NSCLC survival. Compared with a model using clinical information only, the accuracy of the epigenetic and transcriptional biomarker-based prognostic model, measured by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), increased by 35.38% (95% CI, 27.09%-42.17%; P = 5.10 × 10–17) and 34.85% (95% CI, 26.33%-41.87%; P = 2.52 × 10–18) for 3- and 5-year survival, respectively, which exhibited a superior predictive ability for NSCLC survival (AUC3 year, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.83-0.93]; and AUC5 year, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.83-0.93]) in an independent Cancer Genome Atlas population. G×G interactions contributed a 65.2% and 91.3% increase in prediction accuracy for 3- and 5-year survival, respectively. Interpretation: The integration of epigenetic and transcriptional biomarkers with main effects and G×G interactions significantly improves the accuracy of prognostic prediction of early-stage NSCLC survival.
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| 36. |
- Zhang, Tianji, et al.
(författare)
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Oligosaccharides mapping of nitrous acid degraded heparin through UHPLC-HILIC/WAX-MS
- 2020
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building blocks characterization is a significant approach for understanding the molecular structure of heparin and its derivatives. Nitrous acid (HONO) depolymerization of heparin generates oligosaccharides that maintain the epimerization conformation on C5 of the uronic acids, reflecting the authentic structure of the parental chain. HONO treatment at pH 1.5 selectively cleaves the bond between N-sulfated glucosamine and hexuronic acid, resulting mainly disaccharides, as well as tetra-, tri-, and mono-saccharides. The tetrasaccharides are derived from the structure of N-acetylated domains while tri-, and mono-saccharides are derived from the reducing or the non-reducing end of the heparin chain. The resulted oligosaccharides were separated and analyzed using a UHPLC-HILIC/WAX-MS method. We succeeded in the identification of 19 tetrasaccharides, 19 trisaccharides and 4 monosaccharides species, majority of which is structurally characterized. By comparing the theoretical possibilities and actual occurrence of the well-characterized tetrasaccharides, we demonstrated that the biosynthesis of heparin is a systematic process.
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