| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 3. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 5. |
- Jin, Ying-Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19 : An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Military Medical Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2054-9369. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.
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| 6. |
- You, Xiaohu, et al.
(författare)
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Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science China Information Sciences. - : Science Press. - 1674-733X .- 1869-1919. ; 64:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability, and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6 GHz, millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears.
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| 7. |
- Ding, Xue Bing, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 411-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role1–5. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders. We found that patients with iPD exhibited significantly reduced flow through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal sinus and sigmoid sinus, as well as a notable delay in deep cervical lymph node perfusion, compared to patients with AP. There was no significant difference in the size (cross-sectional area) of mLVs in patients with iPD or AP versus controls. In mice injected with α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils, we showed that the emergence of α-syn pathology was followed by delayed meningeal lymphatic drainage, loss of tight junctions among meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells and increased inflammation of the meninges. Finally, blocking flow through the mLVs in mice treated with α-syn preformed fibrils increased α-syn pathology and exacerbated motor and memory deficits. These results suggest that meningeal lymphatic drainage dysfunction aggravates α-syn pathology and contributes to the progression of PD.
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| 8. |
- Jin, Zhi jiang, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamic analysis of siphon flash evaporation desalination system using ocean thermal energy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-8904. ; 136, s. 66-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ocean thermal energy refers to the thermal potential energy produced by the temperature difference between the warm surface seawater and the cold deep seawater. In this paper, a siphon flash evaporation desalination system using ocean thermal energy is proposed. Because it can utilize the ocean thermal energy directly for desalination, siphon flash evaporation desalination system has relatively higher energy efficiency compared with converting ocean thermal energy into electric energy and then using electric energy for desalination. The working principle of this system is introduced firstly. Then, the exergy, exergy loss and exergy efficiency in the flash evaporation, condensation and the whole system are carried out quantitatively. The results show that the exergy efficiency of the system which directly utilizing ocean thermal energy for desalination reaches to 7.81% under design conditions; lower surface seawater temperature, higher deep seawater temperature and higher flash temperature can result in an increasing of system efficiency, while the whole energy consumption shall also be taken into consideration. Then the simulation model of the whole system is created in ASPEN PLUS in order to investigate the influence of some most important parameters, such as surface seawater temperatures, deep seawater temperatures and difference of inlet temperature between surface and deep seawater. Finally, an experimental platform is established based on the working principle and process to verify the validity of the working principle and the simulation model. The siphon flash evaporation desalination system provides a novel method of direct high efficient conversion and utilization of ocean thermal energy and this work can provide the theoretical support for the feasibility of similar engineering applications.
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| 9. |
- Chen, Shi-Peng, et al.
(författare)
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Guanidine-based protic ionic liquids as highly efficient intermolecular scissors for dissolving natural cellulose
- 2023
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Ingår i: Green Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9262 .- 1463-9270. ; 25:22, s. 9322-9334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of highly efficient and environmentally friendly solvents for dissolving cellulose, which is the most abundant natural polymer on Earth, remains a challenge, hindering its full utilization. Herein, a green protic ionic liquid, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium methoxyacetate ([TMGH][MAA]), was found to exhibit attractive capacity to dissolve natural cellulose with an appropriate TMG/MAA molar ratio of 7 : 3 at 80 degrees C. The solubility of cotton linter and ultra-high molecular weight cotton fibers reached 13% (w/w) and 3% (w/w), respectively, surpassing that of most solvent systems currently used for the dissolution of cellulose. The experimental and simulation results verified that the excellent dissolution ability of [TMGH][MAA] for cellulose is mainly attributed to the destruction of the intrinsic hydrogen-bond networks in cellulose by the synergistic interactions of the [TMGH] cations and [MAA] anions with the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose chains, acting as highly efficient "intermolecular scissors". The superiority of this novel dissolution system was further demonstrated by the remarkable comprehensive properties of the regenerated cellulose film including satisfactory thermostability, high transparency, and excellent mechanical properties. Furthermore, the satisfactory recovery performance of this solvent highlights its significant feasibility for large-scale industrial manufacturing. The proposed [TMGH][MAA] in this study exhibits great potential as a next-generation processing solvent for dissolving, and thus processing cellulose, promoting the sustainable development of high-value-added cellulose materials.
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| 10. |
- Guo, Junji, et al.
(författare)
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Prominent Electrochromism Achieved Using Aluminum Ion Insertion/Extraction in Amorphous WO3 Films
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 122:33, s. 19037-19043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although monovalent lithium has been successfully used as a coloring ion in electrochromic applications, it still faces the challenges of low safety, high cost, and limited reserves. Herein, we demonstrate that the amorphous WO3 films intercalated with Al3+ ions could exhibit desired wide optical modulation (similar to 63.0%) and high coloration efficiency (similar to 72.0 cm(2) A(-1), which is >100% higher than that with Li+ or Na+), benefiting from the three-electron redox properties of aluminum. Due to the strong electrostatic force and large atomic weight, the charge exchange processes for Al3+ ions are limited only to the near-surface region and consequently bring about enhanced electrochromic stability. Our findings provide in-depth insights into the nature of electrochromism and also open up a new route toward scalable electrochromic devices using sputtering techniques and earth-abundant materials.
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| 11. |
- Guo, Junji, et al.
(författare)
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Vacancy dependent electrochromic behaviors of NiOx anodes : As a single layer and in devices
- 2018
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 178, s. 193-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochromic(EC), nonstoichiometric NiOx thin films were made by reactive magnetron sputtering at low oxygen flow ratio(i.e., P = O-2/Ar + O-2 < 10%). The results of optical spectral, x-ray diffraction spectrum, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicate that the samples are oxygen(nickel)-deficient as P <= %4(>=%6), resulting in sub(over)-stoichiometry films. Spectroelectrochemical measurements show that the EC effect of NiOx in nonaqueous PC - LiClO4 electrolyte is direct correlation with the nickel vacancy concentration in films, while that in the aqueous KOH solution is nearly uninfluenced upon the change in stoichiometry as P >= %4. The films deposited at P = 6% exhibit higher coloration efficiency of - 25.3 cm(2)C(-1), larger ionic diffusion coefficient of - 2.84 x 10(-14) m(2)s(-1), and broader EC modulation span of 24% in PC - LiClO4 than the other ones. Based upon these values, EC devices featuring a WO3/PMMA - PC - LiClO4/NiOx structure and excellent performances were fabricated. We demonstrated that the nickel anodization should be responsible for the initial "activation" phenomena, which decreases(increases) the number of oxygen(nickel) vacancies. Moreover, the cause of degradation resulting from Li+-ion trapping in the IS layer was also clarified. This work provides a general framework for studying and designing superior EC devices, experimentally as well as theoretically.
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| 12. |
- Joshi, Peter K, et al.
(författare)
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Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 523:7561, s. 459-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.
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| 13. |
- Xu, Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Pore Structure on Two-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials : Rotating Ring-Disk Electrode vs. Flow Cell
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 15:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of pore structure on the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in nitrogen-doped carbon materials is currently under debate, and previous studies are mainly limited to the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) rather than the practical flow cell (FC) system. In this study, assisted by a group of reliable pore models, the impact of two pore structure parameters, that is, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area (SBET) and micropore surface fraction (fmicro), on ORR activity and selectivity are investigated in both RRDE and FC. The ORR mass activity correlates positively to the SBET in the RRDE and FC because a higher SBET can host more active sites. The H2O2 selectivity is independent of fmicro in the RRDE but correlates negatively to fmicro in the FC. The inconsistency results from different states of the electrode in the RRDE and the FC. These insights will guide the design of carbon materials for H2O2 synthesis.
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| 14. |
- Yu, Zheng Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental water flow can boost foraging success of the juvenile rapa whelk Rapana venosa (Muricidae) in aquaculture tanks with still or flowing water : Indication of chemosensory foraging
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Aquaculture. - : Elsevier BV. - 0044-8486. ; 513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial breeding of Rapana venosa has been attempted in China, but the high mortality rate of rapa whelk juveniles (10–40 mm) seriously restricts the breeding success of this species in artificial cultivation and the overall aquaculture industry, and thus the scale of industrialization is far from being realized. One main factor was found to contribute to this high mortality rate: the low predation efficiency of juveniles. We studied the foraging behavior of various sized R. venosa juveniles in still, flowing, and circulating water, with the juveniles being positioned either upstream or downstream from the prey in the flowing water experiments. Our findings demonstrated that the distance between juveniles and prey in still water significantly restricted the ability of juveniles to locate food, but water flow significantly enhanced this ability. In addition, the small-sized juveniles were found to be more active predators than the larger sized juveniles. Our findings demonstrated that circulating water flow is important to improve the survival and growth rate of juveniles in R. venosa cultures. Our results broaden the understanding of chemical orientation in gastropods and can be used to develop or improve commercial breeding strategies for R. venosa.
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| 15. |
- Hu, Li-Peng, et al.
(författare)
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Terbinafine prevents colorectal cancer growth by inducing dNTP starvation and reducing immune suppression
- 2022
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Ingår i: Molecular Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-0024 .- 1525-0016. ; 30:10, s. 3284-3299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Existing evidence indicates that gut fungal dysbiosis might play a key role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We sought to explore whether reversing the fungal dysbiosis by terbinafine, an approved antifungal drug, might inhibit the development of CRC. A population-based study from Sweden identified a total of 185 patients who received terbinafine after their CRC diagnosis and found that they had a decreased risk of death (hazard ratio=0.50) and metastasis (hazard ratio=0.44) compared with patients without terbinafine administration. In multiple mouse models of CRC, administration of terbinafine decreased the fungal load, the fungus-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expansion, and the tumor burden. Fecal microbiota transplantation from mice without terbinafine treatment reversed MDSC infiltration and partially restored tumor proliferation. Mechanistically, terbinafine directly impaired tumor cell proliferation by reducing the ratio of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) to reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), suppressing the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), resulting in nucleotide synthesis disruption, deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) starvation and cell cycle arrest. Collectively, terbinafine can inhibit CRC by reversing fungal dysbiosis, suppressing tumor cell proliferation, inhibiting fungus-induced MDSC infiltration, and restoring antitumor immune response.
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| 16. |
- Liu, Chun-Yan, et al.
(författare)
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Massively Parallel Aligned Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibrils in All-Organic Dielectric Polymer Composite Films for Electric Energy Storage
- 2023
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Ingår i: Macromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0024-9297 .- 1520-5835. ; 56:4, s. 1481-1491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is a formidable challenge to combine the perform-ance advantages of linear and nonlinear polymer dielectrics for developing all-organic film capacitors with high energy density and low loss. In this work, massively parallel aligned poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibrils were in situ fabricated for the first time in the polyethylene (PE) matrix via a multistage stretching technology involving hot stretching and solid-state stretching at an elevated temperature. The largely enhanced interfacial area of PVDF nanofibrils could effectively induce interfacial polarization, imparting PE composite films with a high dielectric constant of 4.50. More interestingly, the nanoconfinement effect of PVDF nanofibrils greatly restricted the migration of free electrons and impurity ions, and an impressive breakdown strength of 624 MV m-1 was obtained. As a result, the as-prepared PE/PVDF composite films exhibited an attractive discharged energy density of as high as 6.4 J cm-3, which was more than 10 times of the conventional counterparts, and outperformed the current linear dielectric polymers. The ingenious structure design of in situ nonlinear dielectric nanofibrils provides a promising approach to maximize the advantageous polarizations and minimize the disadvantageous polarizations in the linear and nonlinear polymer dielectric blends, achieving all-organic polymer dielectric composite films with high energy density and low loss.
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| 17. |
- Liu, Hao, et al.
(författare)
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X-ray spectral evolution in an X-ray changing-look AGN NGC 1365 with variable column density
- 2021
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Ingår i: Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-4527. ; 21:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL AGNs) are a subpopulation of AGNs, whose line-of-sight column densities increase/decrease within several years. The physical mechanism for the variation of column density is unclear. We reduce the X-ray data from XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations for a CL AGN NGC 1365 with strong variation of column densities. The X-ray spectrum quickly softens as the X-ray luminosity increases and optical-to-X-ray spectral index also increases as increasing of optical luminosity. These results support that NGC 1365 also undergoes strong spectral evolution as that recently suggested for the optically selected CL AGNs with reappearance/disappearance of broad emission lines. Therefore, the variation of column density may be driven by the variable disk winds during the strong evolution of disk/corona.
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| 18. |
- Qiao, Xi Min, et al.
(författare)
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Re-positive Cases of Nucleic Acid Tests in Discharged Patients With COVID-19 : A Follow-Up Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Medicine. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-858X. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The frequent emergence of the re-positive patients with COVID-19 is a potential threat worldwide. This study aimed to describe data from admission to follow-up for patients with COVID-19 and analyze the possible causes for re-positive nucleic acid tests to provide more scientific basis for reducing the numbers of re-positive patients after discharge. Methods: We retrospectively recorded 15 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Xianyang Central Hospital, China. The baseline, exposure histories, clinical syndromes, laboratory characteristics, nucleic acid, and follow-up tests were analyzed, and the radiological characteristics of re-positive patient at different periods were compared. Results: Eight (53.33%) patients had the history of travel to Wuhan, four (26.67%) patients had close contact with confirmed patients, and one (6.67%) patient had close contact with suspected patients. After treatment, all patients had two consecutively negative nucleic acid tests and were discharged from hospital. All patients were followed up for more than 14 days, and the average time from discharge to the first follow-up was 14.67 ± 3.31 days (from 9 to 22 days). Most patients showed no clinical symptoms and negative nucleic acid tests, while one patient had an itchy throat, her CT scan showed a light density shadow in the right lower lobe of the lung, and the nucleic acid was once again positive. The second follow-up of the other 14 patients (except the re-positive one) was conducted 20.80 ± 7.78 days (from 13 to 30 days) after discharge, and all of them had negative nucleic acid tests. The positive patient was immediately readmitted and received a new round of treatment. Her family members and colleagues remained healthy until now. Conclusions: The quality of nucleic acid testing reagents should be enhanced, and the training of nucleic acid sampling operators should be strengthened to reduce the false-negative results in the nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2; the clinical specimens of throat and nasopharynx swabs can be collected at the same time; IgM- and IgG-specific antibodies of SARS-CoV-2 should be carried out for discharged patients; the radiological characteristics should be evaluated strictly; and the discharge standard can be specified according to the baseline and severity of disease of patients.
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| 19. |
- Qiu, Chun-Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Revealing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cell catalyst layers by an in-operando approach
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Chinese Journal of Catalysis. - 1872-2067. ; 43:7, s. 1918-1926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the H2O2-tolerance of non-Pt oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts as well as investigate the H2O2-induced decay mechanism, the selection of an appropriate H2O2 concentration is a prerequisite. However, the concentration criterion is still unclear because of the lack of in-operando methods to determine the actual concentration of H2O2 in fuel cell catalyst layers. In this work, an electrochemical probe method was successfully established to in-operando monitor the H2O2 in non-Pt catalyst layers for the first time. The local concentration of H2O2 was revealed to reach 17 mmol/L, which is one order of magnitude higher than that under aqueous electrodes test conditions. Powered by the new knowledge, a concentration criterion of at least 17 mmol/L is suggested. This work fills in the large gap between aqueous electrode tests and the real fuel cell working conditions, and highlights the importance of in-operando monitoring methods.
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| 20. |
- Wang, Sifan, et al.
(författare)
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Fire carbon emissions over Equatorial Asia reduced by shortened dry seasons
- 2023
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Ingår i: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. - 2397-3722. ; 6:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fire carbon emissions over Equatorial Asia (EQAS) play a critical role in the global carbon cycle. Most regional fire emissions (89.0%) occur in the dry season, but how changes in the dry-season length affect the fire emissions remains poorly understood. Here we show that, the length of the EQAS dry season has decreased significantly during 1979–2021, and the delayed dry season onset (5.4 ± 1.6 (± one standard error) days decade−1) due to increased precipitation (36.4 ± 9.1 mm decade−1) in the early dry season is the main reason. The dry season length is strongly correlated with the length of the fire season. Increased precipitation during the early dry season led to a significant reduction (May: −0.7 ± 0.4 Tg C decade−1; August: −12.9 ± 6.7 Tg C decade−1) in fire carbon emissions during the early and peak fire season. Climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 project a continued decline in future dry season length in EQAS under medium and high-emission scenarios, implying further reductions in fire carbon emissions.
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| 21. |
- Yang, Mei Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Expression and activity of critical digestive enzymes during early larval development of the veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Aquaculture. - : Elsevier BV. - 0044-8486. ; 519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metamorphosis is a vital developmental event in the life cycle of molluscs and involves extensive morphological and physiological changes. Remodeling of the digestive system is suggested to occur anticipatorily to enable the larva to shift its diet (from filter feeding on microalgae to feeding on small bivalves) after metamorphosis. Changes in the profiles and activities of digestive enzymes, the main executors of digestion, can reflect substantial remodeling of the digestive system. Artificial aquaculture of Rapana venosa, an important commercial shellfish in China, has been hampered because the transition of its food habit during metamorphosis makes determining the timing and dose for bait regulation difficult. In the present study, full-length cDNA sequences encoding cellulase and trypsin were characterized, and cellulase and trypsin mRNA expression levels were analyzed. Additionally, patterns in the activities of six digestive enzymes, including trypsin and cellulase, were investigated throughout the early developmental stage of R. venosa. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of the cellulase gene, comprising 2,086 bp, was found to contain a 1,719-bp open reading frame encoding 572 amino acids, and the full-length cDNA of the trypsin gene was found to be 1,587 bp in length and contained an 855-bp open reading frame encoding 284 amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the cellulase levels in R. venosa increased beginning at the early intramembrane veliger stage, whereas cellulase activity was significantly increased in the one-spiral whorl stage. The mRNA expression and activity of trypsin were greatly increased in the juvenile stage (postlarva), whereas those of cellulase were decreased during this stage, which indicated functional changes in the digestive system during larval food habit transition. Our results showed that remodeling of the digestive system occurs prior to metamorphosis and suggest that animal bait should be provided as early as possible to R. venosa in the four-spiral whorl stage to meet its nutritional requirements for the development of its digestive system and to ensure successful metamorphosis of competent larvae.
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| 22. |
- Yang, Zhi-Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Stable subspace dimension reduced MUSIC for blade tip timing
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - : Elsevier. - 0022-460X .- 1095-8568. ; 545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is a parameter extraction method for blade tip timing to suppress the under-sampled problem. Its faster version, subspace dimension reduced MUSIC (SDR-MUSIC), has been proposed, which uses a single noise vector instead of the whole noise subspace to reduce computational complexity. However, the principle of random noise vector selection leads to instability in frequency identification. Therefore, we replace the random vector with the min-norm vector to obtain a stable SDR-MUSIC (SSDR-MUSIC). The superiority of the min-norm vector can be mathematically proven by the location of the zeros of the polynomial. Simulated and experimental tests indicate that SSDR-MUSIC gains stability when the min-norm vector is used while maintaining computational efficiency.
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| 23. |
- Zhang, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Imunoreactivity of zinc transporter 7 (ZNT7) in mouse dorsal root ganglia.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Brain research bulletin. - : Elsevier BV. - 0361-9230. ; 74:4, s. 278-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we showed for the first time the localization of ZNT7 immunoreactivity in the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by means of immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results revealed that ZNT7 immunoreactivity was abundantly expressed in the nerve cells of the mouse DRG. Strong ZNT7 immunoreactivity was predominantly distributed in the perinuclear region of positive cells, while the nuclei were devoid of staining. Double immunofluorescence labeling of ZNT7 and TGN38 revealed a colocalization of the two antigens in the Golgi apparatus. In addition, the presence of labile zinc ions was detected with in vivo zinc selenium autometallography (AMG). AMG observations showed that the zinc staining pattern was also predominately located in the perinuclear Golgi area, like the ZNT7 immunostaining pattern in the DRG. These observations strongly suggest that ZNT7 may play an important role in facilitating zinc transport into the Golgi apparatus from the cytosol in the mouse DRG.
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