| 1. |
- Reinke, Beth A, et al.
(författare)
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Diverse aging rates in ectothermic tetrapods provide insights for the evolution of aging and longevity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 376:6600, s. 1459-1466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative studies of mortality in the wild are necessary to understand the evolution of aging; yet, ectothermic tetrapods are underrepresented in this comparative landscape, despite their suitability for testing evolutionary hypotheses. We present a study of aging rates and longevity across wild tetrapod ectotherms, using data from 107 populations (77 species) of nonavian reptiles and amphibians. We test hypotheses of how thermoregulatory mode, environmental temperature, protective phenotypes, and pace of life history contribute to demographic aging. Controlling for phylogeny and body size, ectotherms display a higher diversity of aging rates compared with endotherms and include phylogenetically widespread evidence of negligible aging. Protective phenotypes and life-history strategies further explain macroevolutionary patterns of aging. Analyzing ectothermic tetrapods in a comparative context enhances our understanding of the evolution of aging.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Anthony, Lowell B., et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Safety Experience with Telotristat Ethyl Across Five Clinical Studies in Patients with Carcinoid Syndrome
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Oncologist. - : WILEY. - 1083-7159 .- 1549-490X. ; 24:8, s. E662-E670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and carcinoid syndrome experience considerable morbidity and mortality; carcinoid syndrome may be associated with shorter survival. Carcinoid syndrome is linked to tumoral secretion of serotonin and other bioactive substances. The subsequent debilitating diarrhea and urgency to defecate pose significant health risks. In previous studies, telotristat ethyl, a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, was effective and well tolerated in treating carcinoid syndrome diarrhea. We present pooled safety data from five clinical trials with telotristat ethyl in patients with carcinoid syndrome. Subjects, Materials, and Methods Adverse events reported during telotristat ethyl treatment were pooled from two phase II and three phase III clinical trials in 239 patients with carcinoid syndrome. Long-term safety of telotristat ethyl and causes of hospitalization and death were reviewed; overall survival was estimated. Results Mean (median; range) duration of exposure and follow-up was 1.3 years (1.1 years; 1 week to 5.7 years), with 309 total patient-years of exposure. Leading causes of hospitalization were gastrointestinal disorders or were related to the underlying tumor and related treatment. Survival estimates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 93%, 88%, and 77%. Nearly all deaths were due to progression or complication of the underlying disease; none were attributable to telotristat ethyl. There was one death in year 4. Conclusion Based on long-term safety data, telotristat ethyl is well tolerated and has a favorable long-term safety profile in patients with carcinoid syndrome. Implications for Practice Carcinoid syndrome can cause persistent diarrhea, even in patients treated with somatostatin analogs. Across five clinical trials in patients with carcinoid syndrome, telotristat ethyl has been well tolerated and efficacious, providing clinicians with a new approach to help control carcinoid syndrome diarrhea, in addition to somatostatin analog therapy. By reducing the stool frequency in patients with carcinoid syndrome whose diarrhea is refractory to anticholinergics, such as loperamide and atropine/diphenoxylate, and somatostatin analog dose escalation, improvement in quality of life becomes an achievable goal.
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| 4. |
- Boas, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Migration Myths
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 9:12, s. 901-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Misleading claims about mass migration induced by climate change continue to surface in both academia and policy. This requires a new research agenda on ‘climate mobilities’ that moves beyond simplistic assumptions and more accurately advances knowledge of the nexus between human mobility and climate change.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Dillon, Joseph S., et al.
(författare)
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Time to Sustained Improvement in Bowel Movement Frequency with Telotristat Ethyl : Analyses of Phase III Studies in Carcinoid Syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1941-6628 .- 1941-6636. ; 52:1, s. 212-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTelotristat ethyl is approved to treat carcinoid syndrome diarrhea in combination with somatostatin analogs. In TELESTAR and TELECAST phase III studies, patients with carcinoid syndrome received telotristat ethyl 250 or 500 mg 3 times per day (tid) or placebo tid in addition to somatostatin analogs. The aim of this prespecified analysis was to examine the time to reductions in bowel movements (BMs) in the TELESTAR and TELECAST studies using survival analysis methods.MethodsFirst occurrence of sustained response was defined as the time to the first day of 2 consecutive weeks with a mean BM frequency improvement of ≥ 30% from baseline during the 12-week double-blind treatment periods. Time to first ≥ 30% worsening in BM frequency was also measured. Treatments were compared with the log-rank test; Cox regression models provided point and confidence interval estimates of the hazard ratios for each trial.ResultsIn TELESTAR and TELECAST, majority of patients (69%) on telotristat ethyl experienced a sustained ≥ 30% improvement in BM frequency. The median time to sustained reduction of at least 30% in BM frequency was significantly faster (fewer days to onset) for telotristat ethyl compared with placebo in both TELESTAR (250 mg, HR = 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3–4.1, P = 0.004]; 500 mg, HR = 2.2 [95% CI, 1.2–3.9, P = 0.009]) and TELECAST (250 mg, HR = 3.9 [95% CI, 1.6–11.1, P = 0.003]; 500 mg, HR = 4.2 [95% CI, 1.7–11.7, P = 0.002]). In TELECAST, 42% of patients on placebo experienced sustained worsening in BM frequency compared with 20% on telotristat ethyl; no significant difference was observed in TELESTAR.ConclusionThe time of onset of sustained BM frequency improvement mean and range are important when considering use of telotristat ethyl in patients with carcinoid syndrome diarrhea. Telotristat ethyl may also reduce sustained worsening in BM frequency.
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| 7. |
- Farnocchia, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2019 XS
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Planetary Science Journal. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2632-3338. ; 3:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of the International Asteroid Warning Network's observational exercises, we conducted a campaign to observe near-Earth asteroid 2019 XS around its close approach to Earth on 2021 November 9. The goal of the campaign was to characterize errors in the observation times reported to the Minor Planet Center, which become an increasingly important consideration as astrometric accuracy improves and more fast-moving asteroids are observed. As part of the exercise, a total of 957 astrometric observations of 2019 XS during the encounter were reported and subsequently were analyzed to obtain the corresponding residuals. While the timing errors are typically smaller than 1 s, the reported times appear to be negatively biased, i.e., they are generally earlier than they should be. We also compared the observer-provided position uncertainty with the cross-track residuals, which are independent of timing errors. A large fraction of the estimated uncertainties appear to be optimistic, especially when <0 2. We compiled individual reports for each observer to help identify and remove the root cause of any possible timing error and improve the uncertainty quantification process. We suggest possible sources of timing errors and describe a simple procedure to derive reliable, conservative position uncertainties.
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| 8. |
- Farnocchia, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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The Second International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2005 LW3
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Planetary Science Journal. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 2632-3338. ; 4:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Earth close approach of near-Earth asteroid 2005 LW3 on 2022 November 23 represented a good opportunity for a second observing campaign to test the timing accuracy of astrometric observation. With 82 participating stations, the International Asteroid Warning Network collected 1046 observations of 2005 LW3 around the time of the close approach. Compared to the previous timing campaign targeting 2019 XS, some individual observers were able to significantly improve the accuracy of their reported observation times. In particular, U.S. surveys achieved good timing performance. However, no broad, systematic improvement was achieved compared to the previous campaign, with an overall negative bias persisting among the different observers. The calibration of observing times and the mitigation of timing errors should be important future considerations for observers and orbit computers, respectively.
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| 9. |
- Howard, A. Fuchsia, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-driven research priorities for patient-centered measurement
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH. - 1472-6963. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Patient-centred measurement (PCM) emphasizes a holistic approach wherein the voices of patients are reflected in the standardized use of patient-reported outcome and experience measures and are represented throughout the continuum of measurement activities. Given the challenges of routinely integrating patient self-reports into clinical care decisions, the perspectives of all healthcare system stakeholders, especially patients, is necessary to advance the science of PCM. The purpose of the analysis we report on here was to identify patient-driven research priorities for advancing the science of PCM.Methods We analyzed data from seven focus groups that were conducted across British Columbia, Canada and that included a total of 73 patients, using qualitative inductive analysis and constant comparative methods.Results We found that the patients conveyed a desire for PCM to contribute to healthcare decisions, specifically that their individual healthcare needs and related priorities as they see them are always front and centre, guiding all healthcare interactions. The patients' commentaries highlighted intersecting priorities for research on advancing the science of PCM that would help transform care by (1) enhancing the patient-provider relationship, (2) giving voice to patients' stories, (3) addressing inclusivity, (4) ensuring psychological safety, (5) improving healthcare services and systems to better meet patient needs, and (6) bolstering healthcare system accountability.Conclusions These priorities provide direction for future research efforts that would be positioned to make progress towards better health, better care, and better use of resources for individuals and for society.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
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Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
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| 12. |
- Kotz, Kenneth T., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical microfluidics for neutrophil genomics and proteomics
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 16:9, s. 1042-U142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrophils have key roles in modulating the immune response. We present a robust methodology for rapidly isolating neutrophils directly from whole blood with 'on-chip' processing for mRNA and protein isolation for genomics and proteomics. We validate this device with an ex vivo stimulation experiment and by comparison with standard bulk isolation methodologies. Last, we implement this tool as part of a near-patient blood processing system within a multi-center clinical study of the immune response to severe trauma and burn injury. The preliminary results from a small cohort of subjects in our study and healthy controls show a unique time-dependent gene expression pattern clearly demonstrating the ability of this tool to discriminate temporal transcriptional events of neutrophils within a clinical setting.
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| 13. |
- Kulke, Matthew H., et al.
(författare)
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Telotristat Ethyl, a Tryptophan Hydroxylase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Carcinoid Syndrome
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 35:1, s. 14-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Preliminary studies suggested that telotristat ethyl, a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, reduces bowel movement (BM) frequency in patients with carcinoid syndrome. This placebo-controlled phase III study evaluated telotristat ethyl in this setting. Patients and Methods Patients (N = 135) experiencing four or more BMs per day despite stable-dose somatostatin analog therapy received (1: 1: 1) placebo, telotristat ethyl 250 mg, or telotristat ethyl 500 mg three times per day orally during a 12-week double-blind treatment period. The primary end point was change from baseline in BM frequency. In an open-label extension, 115 patients subsequently received telotristat ethyl 500 mg. Results Estimated differences in BM frequency per day versus placebo averaged over 12 weeks were -0.81 for telotristat ethyl 250 mg (P < .001) and -0.69 for telotristat ethyl 500 mg (P,.001). At week 12, mean BM frequency reductions per day for placebo, telotristat ethyl 250 mg, and telotristat ethyl 500 mg were -0.9, -1.7, and -2.1, respectively. Responses, predefined as a BM frequency reduction >= 30% from baseline for >= 50% of the double-blind treatment period, were observed in 20%, 44%, and 42% of patients given placebo, telotristat ethyl 250 mg, and telotristat ethyl 500 mg, respectively. Both telotristat ethyl dosages significantly reduced mean urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid versus placebo at week 12 (P < .001). Mild nausea and asymptomatic increases in gamma-glutamyl transferase were observed in some patients receiving telotristat ethyl. Follow-up of patients during the open-label extension revealed no new safety signals and suggested sustained BM responses to treatment. Conclusion Among patients with carcinoid syndrome not adequately controlled by somatostatin analogs, treatment with telotristat ethyl was generally safe and well tolerated and resulted in significant reductions in BM frequency and urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Muñoz, Nubia, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-6/11/16/18 Vaccine on All HPV-Associated Genital Diseases in Young Women.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 102, s. 325-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The impact of the prophylactic vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18 (HPV6/11/16/18) on all HPV-associated genital disease was investigated in a population that approximates sexually naive women in that they were "negative to 14 HPV types" and in a mixed population of HPV-exposed and -unexposed women (intention-to-treat group). Methods This analysis studied 17 622 women aged 15-26 years who were enrolled in one of two randomized, placebo-controlled, efficacy trials for the HPV6/11/16/18 vaccine (first patient on December 28, 2001, and studies completed July 31, 2007). Vaccine or placebo was given at day 1, month 2, and month 6. All women underwent cervicovaginal sampling and Papanicolaou (Pap) testing at day 1 and every 6-12 months thereafter. Outcomes were any cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; any external anogenital and vaginal lesions; Pap test abnormalities; and procedures such as colposcopy and definitive therapy. Absolute rates are expressed as women with endpoint per 100 person-years at risk. Results The average follow-up was 3.6 years (maximum of 4.9 years). In the population that was negative to 14 HPV types, vaccination was up to 100% effective in reducing the risk of HPV16/18-related high-grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal lesions and of HPV6/11-related genital warts. In the intention-to-treat group, vaccination also statistically significantly reduced the risk of any high-grade cervical lesions (19.0% reduction; rate vaccine = 1.43, rate placebo = 1.76, difference = 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.13 to 0.54), vulvar and vaginal lesions (50.7% reduction; rate vaccine = 0.10, rate placebo = 0.20, difference = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.16), genital warts (62.0% reduction; rate vaccine = 0.44, rate placebo = 1.17, difference = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.58 to 0.87), Pap abnormalities (11.3% reduction; rate vaccine = 10.36, rate placebo = 11.68, difference = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.74 to 1.90), and cervical definitive therapy (23.0% reduction; rate vaccine = 1.97, rate placebo = 2.56, difference = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.83), irrespective of causal HPV type. Conclusions High-coverage HPV vaccination programs among adolescents and young women may result in a rapid reduction of genital warts, cervical cytological abnormalities, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In the longer term, substantial reductions in the rates of cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers may follow.
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| 16. |
- Muraro, Antonella, et al.
(författare)
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Managing food allergy: GA2LEN guideline 2022.
- 2022
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Ingår i: The World Allergy Organization journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1939-4551. ; 15:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Food allergy affects approximately 2-4% of children and adults. This guideline provides recommendations for managing food allergy from the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN). A multidisciplinary international Task Force developed the guideline using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II framework and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. We reviewed the latest available evidence as of April 2021 (161 studies) and created recommendations by balancing benefits, harms, feasibility, and patient and clinician experiences. We suggest that people diagnosed with food allergy avoid triggering allergens (low certainty evidence). We suggest that infants with cow's milk allergy who need a breastmilk alternative use either hypoallergenic extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk formula or an amino acid-based formula (moderate certainty). For selected children with peanut allergy, we recommend oral immunotherapy (high certainty), though epicutaneous immunotherapy might be considered depending on individual preferences and availability (moderate certainty). We suggest considering oral immunotherapy for children with persistent severe hen's egg or cow's milk allergy (moderate certainty). There are significant gaps in evidence about safety and effectiveness of the various strategies. Research is needed to determine the best approaches to education, how to predict the risk of severe reactions, whether immunotherapy is cost-effective and whether biological therapies are effective alone or combined with allergen immunotherapy.
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| 17. |
- Nguyen, Long H., et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Sarkadi, Anna, Professor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the Teaching Recovery Techniques community-based intervention for unaccompanied refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (Swedish UnaccomPanied yOuth Refugee Trial; SUPpORT) : study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Trials. - : NLM (Medline). - 1745-6215. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In 2015, 162,877 persons sought asylum in Sweden, 35,369 of whom were unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs). Refugee children, especially URMs, have often experienced traumas and are at significant risk of developing mental health problems, such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety, which can continue years after resettlement. The Swedish UnaccomPanied yOuth Refugee Trial (SUPpORT) aims to evaluate a community-based intervention, called Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT), for refugee youth experiencing PTSD symptoms.METHODS/DESIGN: A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in which participants will be randomly allocated to one of two possible arms: the intervention arm (n = 109) will be offered the TRT programme, and the waitlist-control arm (n = 109) will receive services as usual, followed by the TRT programme around 20 weeks later. Outcome data will be collected at three points: pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2; about 8 weeks after randomisation) and follow-up (T3; about 20 weeks after randomisation).DISCUSSION: This study will provide knowledge about the effect and efficiency of a group intervention for URMs reporting symptoms of PTSD in Sweden. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN, ISRCTN47820795. Prospectively registered on 20 December 2018.
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| 20. |
- Singh, Simron, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-Reported Burden of a Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) Diagnosis : Results From the First Global Survey of Patients With NETs
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of global oncology. - 2378-9506. ; 3:1, s. 43-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Despite the considerable impact of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) on patients' daily lives, the journey of the patient with a NET has rarely been documented, with published data to date being limited to small qualitative studies. NETs are heterogeneous malignancies with nonspecific symptomology, leading to extensive health care use and diagnostic delays that affect survival. A large, international patient survey was conducted to increase understanding of the experience of the patient with a NET and identify unmet needs, with the aim of improving disease awareness and care worldwide.METHODS: An anonymous, self-reported survey was conducted (online or on paper) from February to May 2014, recruiting patients with NETs from > 12 countries as a collaboration between the International Neuroendocrine Cancer Alliance and Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Survey questions captured information on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, NET diagnostic experience, disease impact/management, interaction with medical teams, NET knowledge/awareness, and sources of information. This article reports the most relevant findings on patient experience with NETs and the impact of NETs on health care system resources.RESULTS: A total of 1,928 patients with NETs participated. A NET diagnosis had a substantially negative impact on patients' personal and work lives. Patients reported delayed diagnosis and extensive NET-related health care resource use. Patients desired improvement in many aspects of NET care, including availability of a wider range of NET-specific treatment options, better access to NET experts or specialist centers, and a more knowledgeable, better-coordinated/-aligned NET medical team.CONCLUSION: This global patient-reported survey demonstrates the considerable burden of NETs with regard to symptoms, work and daily life, and health care resource use, and highlights considerable unmet needs. Further intervention is required to improve the patient experience among those with NETs.
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| 21. |
- Warner, Georgina, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the teaching recovery techniques community-based intervention for accompanied refugee children experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (Accompanied refugeeS In Sweden Trial; ASsIST) : study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Refugee children have often experienced traumas and are at significant risk of developing mental health problems, such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety, which can continue for years after resettlement. The Accompanied refugeeS In Sweden Trial (ASsIST) aims to evaluate a community-based intervention, called 'Teaching Recovery Techniques' (TRT), for accompanied refugee minors experiencing PTSD symptoms. METHODS/DESIGN: A cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted in which participants will be randomly allocated to one of the two possible arms: the intervention arm (n=113) will be offered the TRT programme and the waitlist-control arm (n=113) will receive services as usual, followed by the TRT programme around 20 weeks later. Outcome data will be collected at three points: pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2; c.8 weeks after randomisation) and follow-up (T3; c.20 weeks after randomisation). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Uppsala (Ref. 2018/382) (24th February 2019). Results will be published in scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION DETAILS: ISRCTN17754931. Prospectively registered on 4th June 2019.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Wong, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Society for perioperative assessment and quality improvement (SPAQI) consensus statement on perioperative smoking cessation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Anesthesia and Analgesia. - 0003-2999. ; 131:3, s. 955-968
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smokers are at increased risk for surgical complications. Despite the known benefits of smoking cessation, many perioperative health care providers do not routinely provide smoking cessation interventions. The variation in delivery of perioperative smoking cessation interventions may be due to limited high-level evidence for whether smoking cessation interventions used in the general population are effective and feasible in the surgical population, as well as the challenges and barriers to implementation of interventions. Yet smoking is a potentially modifiable risk factor for improving short- and long-term patient outcomes. The purpose of the Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) Consensus Statement on Perioperative Smoking Cessation is to present recommendations based on current scientific evidence in surgical patients. These statements address questions regarding the timing and intensity of interventions, roles of perioperative health care providers, and behavioral and pharmacological interventions. Barriers and strategies to overcome challenges surrounding implementation of interventions and future areas of research are identified. These statements are based on the current state of knowledge and its interpretation by a multidisciplinary group of experts at the time of publication.
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| 24. |
- Öwall, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Specialisation and specialist education in prosthetic dentistry in Europe
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry. - 0965-7452. ; 14:3, s. 105-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This presentation reports on the results of a meeting of prosthodontists from selected European countries. The aim of the meeting was to analyse and promote specialisation and specialist education in Prosthetic Dentistry in Europe. Representatives for Europe were selected from the European Prosthodontic Association (EPA) board, the Education and Research Committee of International College of Prosthodontists (ICP), countries with a legally recognised speciality, countries without a recognised speciality but organised training programmes and countries with neither of these situations. Data about specialisation and specialist training in Prosthodontics in Europe was scrutinised and discussed. The programmes for countries with specialist training had relatively similar content, mostly of three years duration. There was strong agreement that a recognised speciality raises the level of care within the discipline for both specialists and non-specialists. In several of the countries where a speciality had been introduced it had been initiated by pressure from public health planning authorities. The conclusions are that from a professional viewpoint an advancement of the speciality over Europe would develop the discipline, improve oral health planning and quality of patient care. A working group for harmonisation was recommended.
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| 25. |
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- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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