| 1. |
- Lundqvist, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Reported dietary intake in early pregnant compared to non-pregnant women : a cross-sectional study
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 14:373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A woman's nutritional status before conception and during pregnancy is important for maternal health and the health of the foetus. The aim of the study was to compare diet intake in early pregnant women with non-pregnant women. Methods: Between September 2006 and March 2009, 226 women in early pregnancy were consecutively recruited at five antenatal clinics in Northern Sweden. Referent women (n = 211) were randomly selected from a current health screening project running in the same region (the Vasterbotten Intervention Program; VIP). We collected diet data with a self-reported validated food frequency questionnaire with 66 food items/food aggregates, and information on portion size, alcohol consumption, and supplement intake. Data were analysed using descriptive, comparative statistics and multivariate partial least square modelling. Results: Intake of folate and vitamin D from foods was generally low for both groups. Intake of folate and vitamin D supplements was generally high in the pregnant group and led to significantly higher total estimated intake of vitamin D and folate in the pregnant group. Iron intake from foods tended to be lower in pregnant women although iron supplement intake evened out the difference with respect to iron intake from foods only. Energy intake was slightly lower in pregnant women but not significant, a reflection of that they reported consuming significantly less of potatoes/rice/pasta, meat/fish, and vegetables (grams/day) than the women in the referent group. Conclusions: In the present study, women in early pregnancy reported less intake of vegetables, potatoes, meat, and alcohol than non-pregnant women. As they also had a low intake (below the Nordic Nutritional Recommendations) of folate, vitamin D, and iron from foods, some of these women and their unborn children are possibly at risk for adverse effects on the pregnancy and birth outcome.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bamia, C., et al.
(författare)
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Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a multi-centre, European cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 112:7, s. 1273-1282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Vegetable and/or fruit intakes in association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been investigated in case-control studies conducted in specific European countries and cohort studies conducted in Asia, with inconclusive results. No multi-centre European cohort has investigated the indicated associations. Methods: In 486 799 men/women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition, we identified 201 HCC cases after 11 years median follow-up. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence for sex-specific quintiles and per 100 g d(-1) increments of vegetable/fruit intakes. Results: Higher vegetable intake was associated with a statistically significant, monotonic reduction of HCC risk: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71-0.98. This association was consistent in sensitivity analyses with no apparent heterogeneity across strata of HCC risk factors. Fruit intake was not associated with HCC incidence: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92-1.11. Conclusions: Vegetable, but not fruit, intake is associated with lower HCC risk with no evidence for heterogeneity of this association in strata of important HCC risk factors. Mechanistic studies should clarify pathways underlying this association. Given that HCC prognosis is poor and that vegetables are practically universally accessible, our results may be important, especially for those at high risk for the disease.
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| 4. |
- Baumann, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome in a prospective phase II trial of medically inoperable stage I non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755 .- 0732-183X. ; 27:20, s. 3290-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The impact of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) on 3-year progression-free survival of medically inoperable patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was analyzed in a prospective phase II study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with T1NOMO (70%) and T2N0M0 (30%) were included between August 2003 and September 2005 at seven different centers in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark and observed up to 36 months. SBRT was delivered with 15 Gy times three at the 67% isodose of the planning target volume. RESULTS: Progression-free survival at 3 years was 52%. Overall- and cancer-specific survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was 86%, 65%, 60%, and 93%, 88%, 88%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in survival between patients with T1 or T2 tumors. At a median follow-up of 35 months (range, 4 to 47 months), 27 patients (47%) were deceased, seven as a result of lung cancer and 20 as a result of concurrent disease. Kaplan-Meier estimated local control at 3 years was 92%. Local relapse was observed in four patients (7%). Regional relapse was observed in three patients (5%). Nine patients (16%) developed distant metastases. The estimated risk of all failure (local, regional, or distant metastases) was increased in patients with T2 (41%) compared with those with T1 (18%) tumors (P = .027). CONCLUSION: With a 3-year local tumor control rate higher than 90% with limited toxicity, SBRT emerges as state-of-the-art treatment for medically inoperable stage I NSCLC and may even challenge surgery in operable instances.
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| 5. |
- Baumann, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Stereotactic body radiotherapy for medically inoperable patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer - a first report of toxicity related to COPD/CVD in a non-randomized prospective phase II study.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 88:3, s. 359-67
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In a retrospective study using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in medically inoperable patients with stage I NSCLC we previously reported a local control rate of 88% utilizing a median dose of 15Gyx3. This report records the toxicity encountered in a prospective phase II trial, and its relation to coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardio vascular disease (CVD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty patients were entered in the study between August 2003 and September 2005. Fifty-seven patients (T1 65%, T2 35%) with a median age of 75 years (59-87 years) were evaluable. The baseline mean FEV1% was 64% and median Karnofsky index was 80. A total dose of 45Gy was delivered in three fractions at the 67% isodose of the PTV. Clinical, pulmonary and radiological evaluations were made at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 36 months post-SBRT. Toxicity was graded according to CTC v2.0 and performance status was graded according to the Karnofsky scale. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 23 months, 2 patients had relapsed locally. No grade 4 or 5 toxicity was reported. Grade 3 toxicity was seen in 12 patients (21%). There was no significant decline of FEV1% during follow-up. Low grade pneumonitis developed to the same extent in the CVD 3/17 (18%) and COPD 7/40 (18%) groups. The incidence of fibrosis was 9/17 (53%) and pleural effusions was 8/17 (47%) in the CVD group compared with 13/40 (33%) and 5/40 (13%) in the COPD group. CONCLUSION: SBRT for stage I NSCLC patients who are medically inoperable because of COPD and CVD results in a favourable local control rate with a low incidence of grade 3 and no grade 4 or 5 toxicity.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Effekter på arbetsmiljö och yttre miljö vid byte av metod för blekning av massa
- 1995
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Effekterna på främst arbetsmiljö men även yttre miljö av vid byte av blekkemikalier för blekning av kemisk massa har studerats vid fyra blekerier. Blekeri A har bytt från klordioxid till väteperoxid, blekeri B från klor/klordioxid till väteperoxid, blekeri C och D från klordioxid till ozon/väteperoxid. Blekeri B har en delvis sluten process. Generellt sett har arbetsmiljön och den yttre miljön förbättrats, även om en del oönskade bieffekter också uppkommit. De studerade bytena har inte inneburit att några oacceptabla effekter i arbetsmiljön eliminerats eller tillkommit förutom i ett fall där höga halter väteperoxid uppmättes i arbetsmiljön. Inget av kemikaliebytena har lett till direkta försämringar för den yttre miljön (vattenrecipienten). De tester som har gjorts av det samlade totalavloppsvattnet visar på en minskad giftighet (toxicitet) för vattenlevande organismer. Kunskapsbrist om hälsoeffekter av exponering för ozon talar för försiktig hantering. Förslag på åtgärder för en säkrare ozonhantering och säker och god arbetsmiljö i övrigt vid byte av blekkemikalier redovisas. Den använda metoden för miljöteknisk utvärdering har visat sig användbar vid en övergripande kartläggning av effekter av kemikaliebytet. En svårighet med metoden är att isolera vilka effekter som uppkommer som en direkt följd av kemikaliebytet från sådana effekter som uppkommer av andra orsaker.
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| 7. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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User toolkits for citizen-centric mobild service innovation
- 2012
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Ingår i: eChallenges e-2012 Conference Proceedings. - : IIMC International Information Management Corporation. - 9781905824359
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Around the world, there is an ongoing shift from en economy focusing on product development to an economy with focus on digital service development. An ongoing initiative in Europe to support this shift is the Internet of Services (IoS) which strives for a situation where everything that is needed to use a software is available as a service. The aim of this paper is to present a toolkit that non-programmers can use develop their own innovative mobile services. This environment strives to put forth a situation where technologies are made available as components that easily can be composed into a mobile services by just about anyone. This has tremendous impact on the feasibility of citizen-centric services where citizens create apps based on their current needs in their contemporary situation.
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| 8. |
- Berndtsson, Ronny, et al.
(författare)
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Dagvatten från Växjö tätort. Kvantiteter och kvaliteter samt olika belastningar på olika recipienter.
- 1989
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport har genomförts för att kvantifiera föroreningstransporterna med dagvatten från Växjö tätort till de olika recipienterna i kommunen, på månads- och årsbasis. Avbördningen av dagvatten och föroreningstransporter för kväve, fosfor, kemisk syreförbrukning, koppar, zink och bly, har bestämts för 52 olika delområden. Den totala årliga dagvattenvolymen som avrinner från Växjö tätort, till intilliggande recipienter uppgår till 2,94 miljoner m3. De största dagvattenvolymerna förekommer under sommar- och höstmånaderna. Det dagvatten som årligen avrinner från Växjö tätort till de 8 recipienterna innehåller stora kvantiteter föroreningar; 6.300 kg kväve, 330 kg fosfor, 205 ton kemisk syreförbrukning (COD), 107 kg koppar, 298 kg zink och 26 kg bly. Växjösjön är den recipient som mottar den största belastningen av alla recipienterna, Växjösjön är också den till ytan minsta av recipienterna. De i utredningen beräknade belastningarna har inte ställts i relation till andra utsläppskällor. För Växjösjöns del har dock tidigare rapporter behandlat helhetsbilden.
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| 9. |
- Berndtsson, Ronny, et al.
(författare)
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Vatten- och föroreningsbalanser för Växjösjön, dagvattnets kvalitet och kvantitet
- 1988
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att bedöma lång- och korttidseffekter av dagvattenutsläpp till Växjösjön har beräkningar gjorts av vattenvolymer och föroreningsmängder för de urbana avrinningsområdena som avbördar till Växjösjön. De parametrar som studerades var: pH, syre, kväve, fosfor, kemisk och biologisk syreförbrukning, tungmetaller, fenoler, olja, PCB och bakterier. För att klarlägga olika källors betydelse för belastningen på Växjösjön upprättades vatten- och föroreningsbalanser. Växjösjöns nuvarande eutrofa tillstånd är inte enbart orsakad av avloppsvattenutsläpp och vattenståndssänkningar, utan även av en ökad dagvattenbelastning med stora mängder närsalter. Den nuvarande belastningen är 0,63 g fosfor/m2 och år, av vilket 8% härrör från nederbörd direkt på sjöytan, 55% från tillflödet från Trummen och 37% från dagvattentillförseln.
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| 10. |
- Björntorp Mark, Elisabeth, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of genes involved in the regulation of p16 in psoriatic involved skin
- 2006
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Ingår i: Arch Dermatol Res. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-3696. ; 297:10, s. 459-67
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been suggested that the up-regulation of the tumour suppressor p16 gene and induction of senescence protect the phenotype of psoriatic involved skin from malignant transformation. On the other hand, Id1, which is inversely correlated with p16 has been shown to be up-regulated in psoriatic involved skin. To test the hypothesis that there may be an altered regulation of p16 in psoriatic involved skin, we have measured genes involved in the Igf-1 receptor signalling through the Ras/MAPK cascade. Igf-1R, IGFBP3, hRas, Ets2, JunB, Egr-1, Id1, MIDA1 and p16 gene expressions were measured using quantitative real-time PCR in total RNA isolated from punch biopsies from psoriatic involved (n = 9) and uninvolved skin (n = 9) and from cutaneous squamous cell cancer (SCC) involved (n = 8) and uninvolved skin (n = 8). The IGFBP3, hRas, JunB, Egr-1, Id1 and MIDA1 genes were up-regulated in psoriatic involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. The p16, JunB and MIDA1 genes were up-regulated in SCC involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. Our results indicate that there may be a balance between the proliferation and induction of senescence in psoriasis. This balance may vary and the psoriatic involved skin represented in this study appears to be in a proliferative state rather than senescence. Furthermore, we suggest that the noted up-regulation of JunB, which has been shown to up-regulate p16, in combination with the previously reported elevation of p16 expression in psoriatic involved skin, may indicate activation of a pathway by which JunB may protect the psoriatic plaque by inducing p16 in an event of malignant stress.
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| 11. |
- Bodén, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary inflammatory index and risk of first myocardial infarction : a prospective population-based study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2891. ; 16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic, low-grade inflammation is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The inflammatory impact of diet can be reflected by concentrations of inflammatory markers in the bloodstream and the inflammatory potential of diet can be estimated by the dietary inflammatory index (DII(TM)), which has been associated with cardiovascular disease risk in some previous studies. We aimed to examine the association between the DII and the risk of first myocardial infarction (MI) in a population-based study with long follow-up.METHOD: We conducted a prospective case-control study of 1389 verified cases of first MI and 5555 matched controls nested within the population-based cohorts of the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS), of which the largest is the ongoing Västerbotten Intervention Programme (VIP) with nearly 100 000 participants during the study period. Median follow-up from recruitment to MI diagnosis was 6.4 years (6.2 for men and 7.2 for women). DII scores were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administered in 1986-2006. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), using quartile 1 (most anti-inflammatory diet) as the reference category. For validation, general linear models were used to estimate the association between the DII scores and two inflammatory markers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in a subset (n = 605) of the study population.RESULTS: Male participants with the most pro-inflammatory DII scores had an increased risk of MI [ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.57 (95% CI 1.21-2.02) P trend = 0.02], which was essentially unchanged after adjustment for potential confounders, including cardiovascular risk factors [ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.50 (95% CI 1.14-1.99), P trend = 0.10]. No association was found between DII and MI in women. An increase of one DII score unit was associated with 9% higher hsCRP (95% CI 0.03-0.14) and 6% higher IL-6 (95% CI 0.02-0.11) in 605 controls with biomarker data available.CONCLUSION: A pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an elevated risk of first myocardial infarction in men; whereas for women the relationship was null. Consideration of the inflammatory impact of diet could improve prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Bodén, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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The inflammatory potential of diet in determining cancer risk : a prospective investigation of two dietary pattern scores
- 2019
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Inflammation-related mechanisms may contribute to the link between diet and cancer. We sought to investigate the inflammatory impact of diet on cancer risk using the Dietary inflammatory index (DII) and an adapted Mediterranean diet score (MDS).METHODS: This population-based, prospective cohort study used self-reported dietary data from the Västerbotten Intervention Programme, including 100,881 participants, of whom 35,393 had repeated measures. Associations between dietary patterns and cancer risk were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. We also used restricted cubic splines to test for potential non-linear associations.RESULTS: A total of 9,250 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during a median follow-up of 15 years. The two dietary patterns were moderately correlated to each other and had similar associations with cancer risk, predominantly lung cancer in men (DII per tertile decrease: Hazard ratio (HR) 0.81 (0.66-0.99), MDS per tertile increase: HR 0.86 (0.72-1.03)), and gastric cancer in men (DII: 0.73 (0.53-0.99), MDS: 0.73 (0.56-0.96)). Associations were, in general, found to be linear. We found no longitudinal association between 10-year change in diet and cancer risk.CONCLUSION: We confirm small, but consistent and statistically significant associations between a more anti-inflammatory or healthier diet and reduced risk of cancer, including a lower risk of lung and gastric cancer in men. The dietary indexes produced similar associations with respect to the risk of cancer.
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| 14. |
- Dalianis, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Management of BK-virus infection - Swedish recommendations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 51:7, s. 479-484
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BK-virus (BKV) associated nephropathy (BKVAN) and BKV associated haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) are complications of BKV infection/reactivation in renal and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients, respectively. The task of how to manage these diseases was given to the chair by the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV). After individual contributions by members of the working group, consensus discussions were held in a meeting on 23 January 2018 arranged by RAV. Thereafter, the recommendations were published in Swedish on November 2018. The current translation to English has been approved by all co-authors. High BKV serum levels suggest an increased risk for BKVAN and potential graft failure. For detection of BKVAN, careful monitoring of BKV DNA levels in serum or plasma is recommended the first year after renal transplantation and when increased creatinine serum levels of unknown cause are observed. Notably, a renal biopsy is mandatory for diagnosis. To reduce the risk for progression of BKVAN, there is no specific treatment, and tailored individual decrease of immunosuppression is recommended. For BKV-HC, BKV monitoring is not recommended, since BK-viruria frequently occurs in HSCT patients and the predictive value of BKV in plasma/serum has not been determined. However, the risk for BKV-HC is higher for patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning, having an unrelated, HLA-mismatched, or a cord blood donor, and awareness of the increased risk and early intervention may benefit the patients. Also for BKV-HC, no specific therapy is available. Symptomatic treatment, e.g. forced diuresis and analgesics could be of use.
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| 15. |
- Dik, Vincent K, et al.
(författare)
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Prediagnostic intake of dairy products and dietary calcium and colorectal cancer survival - results from the EPIC cohort study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755 .- 1055-9965. ; 23:9, s. 1813-1823
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background We investigated whether prediagnostic reported intake of dairy products and dietary calcium are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. Methods Data from 3,859 subjects with CRC (42.1% male, mean age at diagnosis 64.2 ± 8.1 years) in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort were analyzed. Intake of dairy products and dietary calcium was assessed at baseline (1992-2000) using validated, country-specific dietary questionnaires. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%-CI) for CRC specific death (n=1,028) and all-cause death (n=1,525) for different quartiles of intake. Results The consumption of total dairy products was not statistically significantly associated with risk of CRC-specific death (adjusted HR Q4 vs. Q1: 1.17 95%-CI 0.97-1.43) nor of all-cause death (Q4 vs. Q1: 1.16 95%-CI 0.98-1.36). Multivariable adjusted HRs for CRC-specific death (Q4 vs. Q1) were 1.21 (95%-CI 0.99-1.48) for milk, 1.09 (95%-CI 0.88-1.34) for yoghurt and 0.93 (95%-CI 0.76-1.14) for cheese. The intake of dietary calcium was not associated with the risk of CRC-specific (adjusted HR Q4 vs. Q1: 1.01 95%-CI 0.81-1.26) nor of all-cause death (Q4 vs. Q1: 1.01 95%-CI 0.84-1.21). Conclusions The prediagnostic reported intake of dairy products and dietary calcium are not associated with disease-specific or all-cause risk of death in patients diagnosed with CRC. Impact The impact of diet on cancer survival is largely unknown. This study shows that despite it's inverse association with CRC risk, the prediagnostic intake of dairy and dietary calcium do not affect CRC survival.
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| 16. |
- Enell, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Organiskt bunden klor (AOX) i Västerdalälven 1988
- 1989
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dalälvsdelegationen har finansierat en undersökning för att klarlägga orsakerna till de höga AOX-koncentrationerna (adsorberbar organiskt bunden halogen) i Västerdalälven. Vid provtagningstillfället i september 1988 var AOX-koncentrationerna i Västerdalälven och i dess tillflöden mellan 11,9 och 63,5 µg/l, med undantag för Njupeån, vars halt var 5,8 µg/l. I de torvrika områdena i trakterna kring Sälen var arealkoefficienterna mycket höga, mellan 61 och 91 kg AOX/km2*år. Vid sammanflödet med Österdalälven var koefficienten betydligt lägre, 20 kg AOX/km2*år. Vid jämförelse mellan vattnets organiska innehåll och AOX-koncentration föreligger ett starkt samband, såväl mellan AOX och TOC (totalt organiskt kol) (r=0,92) som mellan AOX och absorbanserna vid 254 och 400 nm (r=0,94). Sambandet mellan AOX och vattnets humusinnehåll tyder på att de uppmätta klororganiska föreningarna är av naturligt ursprung. Humusmaterialet tillförs från torv- och skogsmarker. Nederbördens tillskott av AOX till Västerdalälvens avrinningsområde uppgår till 40 ton/år. Denna kvantitet bör jämföras med Västerdalälvens årstransport av AOX, som uppgår till 120 ton /år.
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| 17. |
- Enell, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Sjön Trekanten. Utveckling under och efter olika restaureringsåtgärder. 1976-1988.
- 1989
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Stockholms va-verk har uppdragit åt IVL att göra en sammanfattning av sjön Trekantens tillstånd före och efter insatta restaureringsåtgärder. Sammanställningen utgör basen för förnyade åtgärdsinsatser för att långsiktigt förbättra sjöns tillstånd. Trekanten restaurerades med den s k RIPLOX-metoden 1980. Detta resulterade inte i det förbättrade tillstånd som förväntades. Sjön fortsatte att vara högeutrof. Ytterligare två insatser har gjorts för att förbättra sjöns status; renvattentillsats och bortpumpning av bottenvatten. Under perioden 1982-1988 har den externa fosforbelastningen varit ca 26 kg/år, av vilket 77% härrör från dagvattentillförsel. Den interna fosforbelastningen under samma period har beräknats uppgå till ca 71 kg/år. Såväl fosfor som kvävekoncentrationerna (sommarmedelvärden) i Trekantens ytvatten har minskat sedan 1982-1983; från 130 µg/l till idag 60 ug/l vad avser fosfor och från 1,0-1,2 mg/l till 0,6-1,0 med avseende på kväve. Förutsättningarna för att varaktigt förbättra Trekantens vattenkvalitet tycks vara stora. I sammanställningen redovisas ett flertal restaureringsåtgärder som kan anses användbara.
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| 18. |
- Enell, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Storskalig spridning av organiskt bunden klor AOX. Förekomst i svenska vattendrag och i nederbörd. Koncentrationer och belastningar på omgivande havsområden. Oktober 1987 - september 1988.
- 1990
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Genom samarbete med SNVs PMK-provtagare har vattenprov för AOX analys tagits 6-12 gånger per år vid 47 provpunkter i 33 vattendrag, från Torne älv i norr till Örekilsälven på Sveriges norra västkust. Provtagningarna startade i oktober 1987 och avslutades i september 1988. Koncentrationen av AOX (adsorberbar organiskt bunden halogen) varierade mycket mellan de olika vattendragen. De lägsta halterna uppmättes i de vattendrag som mynnar i Bottenviken och Bottenhavet, medelvärdena för de olika vattendragen var upp till ca 20 ug/l. I vattendragen som mynnar i egentliga Östersjön var halterna mellan 20 och 60 ug/l. De högsta halterna uppmättes i Örekilsälven (98ug/l), vilka mynnar i Kattegatt och Skagerack. Transporterna av AOX för den aktuella perioden till Sveriges omgivande hav, uppgick till 5 200 ton. Den största AOX-mängden transporterades med de vattendrag som mynnar i Bottenviken och Bottenhavet. Parallellt med provtagningarna i vattendragen togs nederbördsprov. I oktober 1987 startade nederbördsprovtagningen på fem platser i landet: Abisko, Umeå, Grimsö, Aneboda och Stenungsund. I juli 1988 utökades nederbördsprovtagningen med ytterligare elva stationer. Provtagningen avslutades i juni 1989. Medelvärdet för AOX-koncentrationen i nederbörden för hela landet var 15 µg/l. Tillsammans med medelnederbörden i Sverige ger detta en årlig deposition av AOX över Sverige på 5 100 ton.
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| 19. |
- Enell, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Storskalig spridning av organiskt bunden klor. AOX. Halvårsrapport. Oktober 1987 - mars 1988.
- 1988
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Genom samarbete med SNV's PMK-provtagare har vattenprov för AOX-analys tagits 6-12 gånger/år vid 47 provpunkter, från Torne älv i norr till Örekilsälven på Sveriges norra västkust. Provtagningarna började i oktober 1987 och skall avslutas i september 1988. AOX-halterna i de vattendrag som mynnar i Bottenviken och Bottenhavet är låga, omkring 20 ug/l. Halterna i vattendragen som mynnar i Egentliga Östersjön är betydligt högre, mellan 40 och 70 ug/l. De högsta halterna finner man i Nissan (93 ug/l) och i Örekilsälven (90 ug/l), vilka mynnar i Kattegatt och Skagerack. Trots att AOX-halterna i de norrländska älvarna är låga så transporteras relativt stora mängder AOX. Ca 50% av all AOX-transport ut till Sveriges omgivande kusthav, sker med de älvar som mynnar i Bottenviken och Bottenhavet. Årligen transporteras ca 3.700 ton AOX till våra omgivande kusthav. Denna mängd är preliminärt beräknad och baserad på vattenflöden för perioden 1931-1960. Höga AOX-halter förekommer även i vissa vattendragssystem helt utan skogsindustriella anläggningar.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Alternativa material till PVC, Investering och analys av genomförda livscykelanalyser m m avseende jämförelser av PVC och alternativa material för olika produktgrupper
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Naturvårdsverket har uppdragit åt IVL att genomföra en studie, i vilken publicerade livscykelanalyser (LCA) och andra studier där PVC jämförts med alternativa material för olika produktgrupper skall inventeras, sammanställas och analyseras. I uppdraget ingår också en kvalitativ miljökonsekvensbedömning av PVC jämfört med alternativa material för utvalda produktgrupper baserad på det sammanställda underlaget i den omfattning och utsträckning som underlagets kvalitet medger. Utifrån en LCA kan man oftast inte dra slutsatser av typen 'Produkt A är miljömässigt bättre än produkt B'. Ett huvudskäl till varför det är svårt att dra så långtgående slutsatser är att det alltid finns osäkerhet i beskrivningar av system, dataluckor och kunskap om olika miljöproblem. Den typ av information som en LCA kan producera är oftast en identifiering av viktiga aspekter, nyckelfaktorer, i de system man studerar. I denhär studien är de nyckelfaktorer vi identifierar framför allt mellan olika produkter med avseende på deras bidrag till olika miljöhot och effektkategorier. Utifrån en checklista över miljöhot, effektkategorier, som bör inkluderas i en studie för att man skall kunna dra slutsatser om total miljöpåverkan kan konstateras att i ingen av de studier vi har fördjupat oss i här finns underlag för att man ska kunna behandla alla dessa miljöhot. En LCA kan däremot identifiera vissa viktiga aspekter, och skillnader, inom och mellan analyserande system.
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| 22. |
- Forsman, Maria, 1978-
(författare)
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Rättsliga ingripanden vid föräldrars våld och övergrepp mot barn
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis concerns two pathways for legal intervention in cases of suspected child abuse at the hands of parents. One pathway is based on social law, where society's utmost tool is child protective custody. The other pathway is criminal law, where the abuse is investigated and enforced as a criminal offence. Sometimes only one of these pathways becomes relevant, sometimes both.The purpose of the thesis is to examine and analyse the regulatory framework and its practical application, and to highlight what the two pathways of intervention can accomplish in relation to the child victim's rights and interests. In the case of child abuse, the (legal) relationship between parents and children - and between children, parents and society - is brought to a head. The study demonstrates that many complex legal issues arise when the person subjecting the child to violence and abuse is the same person who under family law answers for the child's protection, care and representation. It is inter alia noted that the concept "best interests of the child" is interpreted somewhat freely, which can risk overriding the legal rights of the child victim. It is concluded that, in order to secure the child victim's legal protection, the regulation needs many small enhancements, each tailored to the problem conditions.
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| 23. |
- Gunnarsson, Åsa, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Economic dependence and self-support in family, tax and social law
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nordic equality at a crossroads. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 9781351152327 - 9780815390732 ; , s. 135-166
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter analyzes the internal contradictions of family, tax and social welfare law with regard to their implicit assumptions of family and dependence. It explores how law can contribute to the resurrection of gender inequalities, an approach other than the traditional one is needed. The chapter utilizes a descriptive approach in order to identify how sex inequalities are resurrected in sex-neutral legislation. It shows how residence-related family support benefits and social assistance provisions are based on a presumption of maintenance obligations within the family. Contemporary Swedish family law is characterized by secularism, individualism and equality. Economic independence for women is a central policy goal for sex equality. Residence-based benefits are primarily based on the need for support. The common feature of these benefits is that they are supposed to provide basic welfare security for families with children.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Holm, Gisela, et al.
(författare)
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Naturlig produktion av halogenerade organiska föreningar. En litteratursammanställning.
- 1990
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport är avsedd som en sammanställning av den litteratur som behandlar kunskapen om naturlig produktion av halogenerade organiska föreningar i akvatiska (limniska och marina) och terrestra ekosystem. Sammanställningen skall ses som en 'uppslagsbok' i vilken man kan söka efter dels specifika halogenerade organiska föreningar,dels fluor-, klor-, brom- och joderade organiska föreningar. Vidare beskrivs olika typer av halogenerade organiska föreningar som kan bildas av t ex bakterier, lavar, svampar, växter, djur, alger, svampdjur och övriga organismer. Det finns flera olika skäl till varför organismer producerar halogenerade organiska föreningar. Halogenerade föreningar får ofta större biologisk aktivitet än icke halogenerade, vilket gör att de med fördel kan användas som antibiotika, fungicider, hormoner, pigment och som skydd mot predatorer. Substanserna kan också vara viktiga för specifika metaboliska processer.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Jacobsson, Maritha, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Barnrätten som kunskapsregim och social praktik
- 2012
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Ingår i: Rätt, social utsatthet och samhälleligt ansvar. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139016649 ; , s. 53-71
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
- Johansson, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Dairy Product Intake and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Northern Sweden: A 33-Year Prospective Cohort Study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 11:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dairy products are important constituents of most diets, and their association with adverse health outcomes remains a focus. We characterized dairy food intake and examined associations with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke among 108,065 Swedish men and women. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in a population characterized by high milk tolerance. During a mean follow-up of 14.2 years, 11,641 first-time events occurred. Non-fermented milk intake decreased, whereas butter intake increased over the period. For high intake of non-fermented milk, the HR (95% CI) for developing T2D and MI was 1.17 (1.03, 1.34) and 1.23 (1.10, 1.37), respectively, in men. A greater intake of butter, fermented milk, and cheese tended to be associated with a reduced risk of T2D and/or MI. Non-consumers and those who chose low-fat variants of the targeted dairy products had increased risk for T2D, MI, or stroke compared to those in the non-case group. Generally, effect-sizes were small. This prospective study found that non-fermented milk was associated with an increased risk for developing T2D and MI and that subjects abstaining from dairy products or choosing low-fat variants were at greater risk. However, the overall cardiometabolic risk of non-fermented milk intake was judged as low, since the effect sizes were small.
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| 30. |
- Johansson, Jan-Olov, et al.
(författare)
-
Project: SATIN - System för användardriven tjänsteinnovation
- 2015
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The overall mission of SATIN is to empower end-users without programming skills to create mobile-services, and to share services with other end-users. In the project researchers from Luleå University of Technology and Umeå University join forces together with different industrial actors to solve the issues on technologies for mobile service-creation, user-driven service design and implementation and the future mobile service business ecosystem.
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| 31. |
- Jonsson, Elin, 1981-
(författare)
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Konstruktioner av den sexuella familjen : styrning av föräldrablivande i rättslig reglering av assisterad befruktning och juridiskt föräldraskap
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis deals with the Swedish legal regulation of becoming a parent. It covers the regulation of legal parental status and of health care-provided assisted reproduction. The family law and medical law that in these regards can have an impact on individuals’ potential to become parents have both undergone many changes in the last few decades. The aim of the thesis is to make visible how becoming a parent is regulated on a formalized level, and how the regulation of parenthood has been constructed on a discursive level. The thesis’s critical approach thus includes understanding law as an arena for power exercised through legal provisions as well as knowledge production.In the first of the main chapters the current Swedish legislation on insemination, in-vitro fertilization, establishing legal parenthood, recognition of foreign decisions, and national and international adoption is described and analyzed. This is followed by chapters that deal with constructions of ideals, expectations, and other understandings of law and potential parents respectively. This serves the purpose, among others, of illuminating the interplay between diverse legal sources and areas of law. In preparatory works that record lawmakers’ reasoning on the regulation, assumptions that the thesis identifies involve the law’s consistency and at the same time inclusivity. These legal traits have proved to be contradictory, not least when uniform regulations shall apply to a plurality of family forms.In both the formalized- and discursive-level analyses, two parents that are a different-sex, cisgender couple with biological children conceived through sexual reproduction are observed to function as the natural or self-evident default. Drawing on the concept of the sexual family model, the thesis demonstrates ways in which the contours of that model are still operating within Swedish law. It concludes further that the coercive and discursive effects of the law can be said to altogether regulate reproduction towards family formation that mainly corresponds to the sexual family model.
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| 32. |
- Jordan, Stanley C, et al.
(författare)
-
IgG Endopeptidase in Highly Sensitized Patients Undergoing Transplantation.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 377:5, s. 442-453
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Donor-specific antibodies create an immunologic barrier to transplantation. Current therapies to modify donor-specific antibodies are limited and ineffective in the most highly HLA-sensitized patients. The IgG-degrading enzyme derived from Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS), an endopeptidase, cleaves human IgG into F(ab')2 and Fc fragments inhibiting complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, which suggests that IdeS might be useful for desensitization. We report on the combined experience of two independently performed open-label, phase 1-2 trials (conducted in Sweden and the United States) that assessed the efficacy of IdeS with regard to desensitization and transplantation of a kidney from an HLA-incompatible donor.METHODS: We administered IdeS to 25 highly HLA-sensitized patients (11 patients in Uppsala or Stockholm, Sweden, and 14 in Los Angeles) before the transplantation of a kidney from an HLA-incompatible donor. Frequent monitoring for adverse events, outcomes, donor-specific antibodies, and renal function was performed, as were renal biopsies. Immunosuppression after transplantation consisted of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and glucocorticoids. Patients in the U.S. study also received intravenous immune globulin and rituximab after transplantation to prevent antibody rebound.RESULTS: Recipients in the U.S. study had a significantly longer cold ischemia time (the time elapsed between procurement of the organ and transplantation), a significantly higher rate of delayed graft function, and significantly higher levels of class I donor-specific antibodies than those in the Swedish study. A total of 38 serious adverse events occurred in 15 patients (5 events were adjudicated as being possibly related to IdeS). At transplantation, total IgG and HLA antibodies were eliminated. A total of 24 of 25 patients had perfusion of allografts after transplantation. Antibody-mediated rejection occurred in 10 patients (7 patients in the U.S. study and 3 in the Swedish study) at 2 weeks to 5 months after transplantation; all these patients had a response to treatment. One graft loss, mediated by non-HLA IgM and IgA antibodies, occurred.CONCLUSIONS: IdeS reduced or eliminated donor-specific antibodies and permitted HLA-incompatible transplantation in 24 of 25 patients. (Funded by Hansa Medical; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT02224820 , NCT02426684 , and NCT02475551 .).
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| 33. |
- Key, Timothy J., et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of Meat, Fish, Dairy Products, Eggs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease : A Prospective Study of 7198 Incident Cases Among 409,885 Participants in the Pan-European EPIC Cohort
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Circulation. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 139:25, s. 2835-2845
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty about the relevance of animal foods to the etiology of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined meat, fish, dairy products and eggs and risk for IHD in the pan-European EPIC cohort.METHODS: A prospective study of 409,885 men and women in nine European countries. Diet was assessed using validated questionnaires, calibrated using 24-hour recalls. Lipids and blood pressure were measured in a subsample. During 12.6 years mean follow up, 7198 participants had a myocardial infarction or died from IHD. The relationships of animal foods with risk were examined using Cox regression with adjustment for other animal foods and relevant covariates.RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD was 1.19 (95% CI 1.06-1.33) for a 100 g/d increment in intake of red and processed meat, and this remained significant after excluding the first 4 years of follow-up (HR 1.25 [1.09-1.42]). Risk was inversely associated with intakes of yogurt (HR 0.93 [0.89-0.98] per 100 g/d increment), cheese (HR 0.92 [0.86-0.98] per 30 g/d increment) and eggs (HR 0.93 [0.88-0.99] per 20 g/d increment); the associations with yogurt and eggs were attenuated and non-significant after excluding the first 4 years of follow-up. Risk was not significantly associated with intakes of poultry, fish or milk. In analyses modelling dietary substitutions, replacement of 100 kcal/d from red and processed meat with 100 kcal/d from fatty fish, yogurt, cheese or eggs was associated with approximately 20% lower risk of IHD. Consumption of red and processed meat was positively associated with serum non-HDL cholesterol concentration and systolic blood pressure, and consumption of cheese was inversely associated with serum non-HDL cholesterol.CONCLUSIONS: Risk for IHD was positively associated with consumption of red and processed meat, and inversely associated with consumption of yogurt, cheese and eggs, although the associations with yogurt and eggs may be influenced by reverse causation bias. It is not clear whether the associations with red and processed meat and cheese reflect causality, but they were consistent with the associations of these foods with plasma non-HDL cholesterol, and for red and processed meat with systolic blood pressure, which could mediate such effects.
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| 34. |
- Lundqvist, Anette, et al.
(författare)
-
8 av 10 barnmorskor gav information om folsyra : de flesta ansåg sig ha otillräckliga kunskaper
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 101:15-16, s. 1380-1386
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Deficiency of folic acid increases the risk for neural tube defects among newborn children and megaloblastic anaemia in the mother. The aim of this study was to make a survey of how midwives working in maternity health care, family planning guidance, and specialist prenatal care in a Swedish county inform women of childbearing age about folic acid. The questionnaire study showed that 79% of the midwives informed the women about folic acid. Usually, the women received information first when they asked for it and midwifes were less prone to inform young women about folic acid. 87% of the midwives felt that they did not know enough about folic acid. Conclusions: Midwives play an important role in information about the need of folic acid intake for women in childbearing age. Changes in local routines, guidelines and further education of midwifes would subsequently provide information about the importance of folic acid to women in childbearing age.
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| 35. |
- Lönnberg, Lena, 1964-
(författare)
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Lifestyle counselling in primary health care for patients with high cardiovascular risk : Aspects of a 1-year structured lifestyle programme promoting healthier lifestyle habits to reduce future risk of cardiovascular disease
- 2022
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- While the effects of lifestyle habits on hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are well established, few lifestyle programmes in primary care directed towards patients with high cardiovascular risk have been evaluated.Aims To describe and elaborate on how participation in a 1-year lifestyle programme supported changes in lifestyle habits and altered the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as explore patients’ and community health nurses’ (CHNs’) experiences of lifestyle change and counselling.Methods The 1-year lifestyle programme consisted of five appointments with a CHN for patients diagnosed with hypertension, T2DM or impaired glucose tolerance (n = 448). Focuse was on lifestyle habits that were related to patients’ diagnosis. Different behaviour change techniques were used to support lifestyle changes. Blood sampling and anthropometrical measurements were obtained at baseline and 1-year follow-up. The design of Studies I and II was observational and based on data that were consecutively collected between 2009 and 2014, whereas Studies III and IV had a qualitative design. Qualitative content analyses were performed based on data from individual interviews with patients (n = 16) and a focus group interview of CHNs (n = 3).Results Study I: Favourable changes in physical activity, dietary habits and smoking were detected after participation in the programme. Study II: Significant improvements were demonstrated for all cardiovascular risk factors and the estimated 10-year CVD risk after participation in the programme. Study III: Patients’ experiences of lifestyle changes indicated that increased knowledge of lifestyle habits, gaining trust in oneself and support from others were important elements in the adoption of lifestyle changes. Study IV: The informants expressed that counselling should be based on a partnership, include goal setting and repeated measurements, and incorporate long-term support after the completion of the lifestyle programme.Conclusion This thesis adds to the knowledge on how lifestyle counselling can be designed and implemented in primary care. The findings show that patients with a new diagnosis of hypertension or T2DM are at high risk for future CVD and a structured lifestyle programme can contribute to improved lifestyle habits and a reduced 10-year CVD risk.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Nilsson, Lena Maria, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of filtered and boiled coffee and the risk of fist acute myocardial infarction : a nested case/referent study
- 2010
-
Ingår i: NMCD. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. - : Elsevier. - 0939-4753 .- 1590-3729. ; 20:7, s. 527-535
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aimIn northern Sweden, consumption of both filtered and boiled coffee is common. Boiled coffee, especially popular in rural areas, is known to raise blood lipids, a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (MI). To our knowledge, only one epidemiological study, a case-control study from Sweden, has investigated boiled coffee in MI, noting an increased risk at high consumption levels in men, and no association in women. The aim of the present nested case-referent study was to relate consumption of filtered and boiled coffee to the risk of first MI.Methods and resultsThe study subjects were 375 cases (303 men, 72 women) and 1293 matched referents from the population-based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Coffee consumption was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Risk estimates were calculated by conditional logistic regression. A statistically significant positive association was found between consumption of filtered coffee and MI risk in men [odds ratio for consumption ≥4 times/day versus ≤1 time/day 1.73 (95% CI 1.05–2.84)]. In women, a similar association was observed, but for boiled coffee [odds ratio 2.51 (95% CI 1.08–5.86)]. After adjustment for current smoking, postsecondary education, hypertension, and sedentary lifestyle, the results for women were no longer statistically significant.ConclusionConsumption of filtered coffee was positively associated with the risk of a first MI in men. A similar tendency was observed for boiled coffee in women, but the result was not statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Further investigation in a larger study is warranted.
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| 38. |
- Nilsson, Lena Maria, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Dairy Products and Cancer Risk in a Northern Sweden Population
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer-an International Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 72:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of dairy products in cancer is unclear. We assessed consumption of fermented milk, non-fermented milk, cheese, and butter, estimated from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires, in relation to prospective risk of breast, prostate, colorectal, smoking-, and obesity-related cancers in 101,235 subjects, including 12,552 cancer cases, in the population-based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Most analyses (n = 20) rendered null results. In men, we observed an increased prostate cancer risk among high-consumers of cheese (hazard ratio (HR) for highest vs. lowest quintile (Q5-Q1), 1.11; 95% CI, 0.97-1.27; P-trend = 0.013). In women, high-consumers of cheese had a decreased risk of overall cancer (HR Q5-Q1, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.88-1.04; P-trend = 0.039), smoking-related (HR Q5-Q1, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97; P-trend <= 0.001), and colorectal cancers (HR Q5-Q1, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.63-1.07; P-trend = 0.048). Butter yielded a weak decreased obesity-related cancer risk in women (HR Q5-Q1, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81-1.02; P-trend = 0.049). Fermented milk yielded HRs below zero in women, but with no clear linear associations. In conclusion, this study does not support any major adverse or beneficial effects of fermented milk, non-fermented milk, cheese, and butter in the diet from a cancer risk perspective.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Osmancevic, Amra, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for osteoporosis and bone status in postmenopausal women with psoriasis treated with UVB therapy.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Acta dermato-venereologica. - 0001-5555. ; 88:3, s. 240-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to examine whether postmenopausal women with psoriasis who were exposed to regular ultraviolet light B (UVB) therapy had greater bone mineral density than women of similar age from the same region, and to estimate the influence of risk factors on bone status. A total of 35 randomly selected women, age (mean +/- SD) 69.3 +/- 6.29 years (age range 60-82 years), with active psoriasis, mean onset at 37.0 years (+/- 23.5 SD) were studied. The patients had been previously exposed to broadband or narrowband UVB. Age-matched, women (n = 2448) from Göteborg, examined at the Geriatric out-patient clinic during the years 2001 and 2002, were used as controls. Bone mineral density was examined by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (Hologic Delphi A) at the hip and the lumbar spine. Medical history and lifestyle factors were assessed with a questionnaire. Postmenopausal women with psoriasis were found to have higher bone mineral density than age-matched controls. Higher body weight, physical activity and UVB exposure could explain this finding.
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| 41. |
- Osmancevic, Amra, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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UVB therapy increases 25(OH) vitamin D syntheses in postmenopausal women with psoriasis.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine. - : Wiley. - 0905-4383 .- 1600-0781. ; 23:5, s. 172-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Keywords: bone mineral density;psoriasis;secondary hyperparathyroidism;UVB therapy;vitamin D Background: Vitamin D3 is produced in the epidermis by ultraviolet (UV) radiation (290–315 nm) of 7-dehydrocholesterol. A similar range of 290–320 nm (broadband UVB) has been successfully used for years to treat psoriasis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether UVB therapy was able to influence vitamin D synthesis in psoriasis patients. Methods: Twenty-four postmenopausal, white Caucasian women, aged 69±5.9 (mean±SD), with active plaque psoriasis, were treated with broadband UVB two to three times per week for 8–12 weeks. The serum concentrations of calcidiol (25(OH)D3), calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid hormones, osteocalcin, calcium and creatinine were measured before the first and after the last dose of radiation. Bone density was measured using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (Hologic Delphi A) at the hip and lumbar spine. Results: Serum levels of 25(OH)D3 increased from 36.8±17 ng/ml (mean±SD) to 59.6±18.7 ng/ml (P<0.001) after the UVB treatment period. Serum PTH decreased from 62.8±25.7 ng/l to 48.2±17.4 ng/l (P<0.001). Secondary hyperparathyroidism (PTH>65 ng/l) was revealed in seven patients (29%) in whom PTH values were suppressed by the UVB therapy. The serum levels of calcitriol, calcium, osteocalcin, thyroid hormones and creatinine were unaltered. Conclusion: UVB therapy in elderly psoriatic women improved psoriasis, increased serum 25(OH)D3 synthesis and reduced serum PTH concentrations.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Paoli, John, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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5-year Recurrence Rates of Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Aggressive and Recurrent Facial Basal Cell Carcinoma.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta dermato-venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mohs micrographic surgery allows for complete micro-scopic examination of the surgical margin when treating aggressive and recurrent facial basal cell carcinomas. This leads to the highest cure rates and maximal preservation of healthy tissue. The 5-year recurrence rates of 587 aggressive and/or recurrent facial basal cell carcinomas treated during 1993 to 2003 at our centre were studied retrospectively. The resulting 5-year recurrence rates using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were 2.1% for primary (previously untreated) tumours, 5.2% for recurrent basal cell carcinomas and 3.3% overall. In total, 87.9% of the tumours required at least two stages of Mohs micrographic surgery. The surgical defect's size after complete excision was, on average, approximately twice the size of the defect after excision of the clinically visible tumour with a 2-3 mm margin. Mohs micro-graphic surgery is underused in Scandinavia despite being the treatment of choice for aggressive and recurrent facial basal cell carcinomas.
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| 44. |
- Romaguera, Dora, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients : a cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1741-7015. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for cancer prevention. Previous studies have demonstrated that higher concordance with these recommendations measured using an index score (the WCRF/AICR score) was associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.METHODS: The association between the WCRF/AICR score (score range 0-6 in men and 0-7 in women; higher scores indicate greater concordance) assessed on average 6.4 years before diagnosis and CRC-specific (n = 872) and overall mortality (n = 1,113) was prospectively examined among 3,292 participants diagnosed with CRC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (mean follow-up time after diagnosis 4.2 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality.RESULTS: The HRs (95% CIs) for CRC-specific mortality among participants in the second (score range in men/women: 2.25-2.75/3.25-3.75), third (3-3.75/4-4.75), and fourth (4-6/5-7) categories of the score were 0.87 (0.72-1.06), 0.74 (0.61-0.90), and 0.70 (0.56-0.89), respectively (P for trend <0.0001), compared to participants with the lowest concordance with the recommendations (category 1 of the score: 0-2/0-3). Similar HRs for overall mortality were observed (P for trend 0.004). Meeting the recommendations on body fatness and plant food consumption were associated with improved survival among CRC cases in mutually adjusted models.CONCLUSIONS: Greater concordance with the WCRF/AICR recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness prior to CRC diagnosis is associated with improved survival among CRC patients.
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| 45. |
- Sieri, Sabina, et al.
(författare)
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Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease : a pan-European cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 1938-3207 .- 0002-9165. ; 112:3, s. 631-643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes. METHODS: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire. HRs with 95% CIs for a CHD event, in relation to intake of GI, GL, and carbohydrates, were estimated using covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: After 12.8 y (median), 6378 participants had experienced a CHD event. High GL was associated with greater CHD risk [HR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31) highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend 0.035; HR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) per 50 g/day of GL intake]. The association between GL and CHD risk was evident in subjects with BMI (in kg/m2) ≥25 [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.35) per 50 g/d] but not in those with BMI <25 [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.22) per 50 g/d) (P-interaction = 0.022). The GL-CHD association did not differ between men [HR: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) per 50 g/d] and women [HR: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.40) per 50 g/d] (test for interaction not significant). GI was associated with CHD risk only in the continuous model [HR: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 5 units/d]. High available carbohydrate was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18) per 50 g/d]. High sugar intake was associated with greater CHD risk [HR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.17) per 50 g/d]. CONCLUSIONS: This large pan-European study provides robust additional support for the hypothesis that a diet that induces a high glucose response is associated with greater CHD risk.
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| 46. |
- Skeie, Guri, et al.
(författare)
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Intake of whole grains and incidence of oesophageal cancer in the HELGA Cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 31:4, s. 405-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few prospective studies have investigated the association between whole-grain consumption and incidence of oesophageal cancer. In the Scandinavian countries, consumption of whole grains is high and the incidence of oesophageal cancer comparably low. The aim of this paper was to study the associations between consumption of whole grains, whole-grain products and oesophageal cancer, including its two major histological subtypes. The HELGA cohort is a prospective cohort study consisting of three sub-cohorts in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Information regarding whole-grain consumption was collected through country-specific food frequency questionnaires. Cancer cases were identified through national cancer registries. Cox proportional hazards ratios were calculated in order to assess the associations between whole grains and oesophageal cancer risk. The analytical cohort had 113,993 members, including 112 cases, and median follow-up time was 11 years. When comparing the highest tertile of intake with the lowest, the oesophageal cancer risk was approximately 45 % lower (adjusted HR 0.55, 95 % CI 0.31-0.97 for whole grains, HR 0.51, 95 % CI 0.30-0.88 for whole-grain products). Inverse associations were also found in continuous analyses. Whole-grain wheat was the only grain associated with lower risk (HR 0.32, 95 % CI 0.16-0.63 highest vs. lowest tertile). Among whole-grain products, the results were less clear, but protective associations were seen for the sum of whole-grain products, and whole-grain bread. Lower risk was seen in both histological subtypes, but particularly for squamous cell carcinomas. In this study, whole-grain consumption, particularly whole-grain wheat, was inversely associated with risk of oesophageal cancer.
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| 47. |
- Stenquist, Bo, 1937, et al.
(författare)
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Bispectral fluorescence imaging of aggressive basal cell carcinoma combined with histopathological mapping: a preliminary study indicating a possible adjunct to Mohs micrographic surgery
- 2006
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Ingår i: Br J Dermatol. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0963. ; 154:2, s. 305-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fluorescence imaging is an attractive diagnostic technique for skin tumour demarcation with potential to move to clinical use. Bispectral fluorescence imaging combines skin autofluorescence with delta-aminolaevulinic acid-induced fluorescence. To evaluate the technique, fluorescence data must be compared with the histopathological extent of the tumour, which is the purpose of the current study. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the agreement between bispectral fluorescence images and the histopathological tumour boundary of ill-defined basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). After fluorescence imaging the tumours were removed using Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) to obtain histopathological maps of the tumour boundaries. METHODS: Twelve patients with aggressive BCC of mean diameter 16 mm (range 5-32) in the face were included in the study. The patients were subjected to bispectral fluorescence imaging within the 2 months prior to MMS. The fluorescence images and histopathological maps were aligned using image warping. RESULTS: Five patients (42%) showed good agreement with the histopathological mapping and the remaining seven patients (58%) showed partial agreement. Bispectral investigation combining autofluorescence with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence generally yielded better agreement with the histopathological boundaries of the tumours compared with using only the PpIX fluorescence. CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary study the fluorescence has been compared with the histopathological tumour boundaries. The result implies that the technique can be applied as a useful tool for indicating tumour boundary of aggressive BCCs. Further refinement is needed to be able to indicate the exact tumour border.
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| 48. |
- Stepien, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of soft drinks and juices and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in a European cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 55:1, s. 7-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to assess associations between intake of combined soft drinks (sugar sweetened and artificially sweetened) and fruit and vegetable juices and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBC) and biliary tract cancers (GBTC) using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort of 477,206 participants from 10 European countries.METHODS: After 11.4 years of follow-up, 191 HCC, 66 IHBC and 236 GBTC cases were identified. Hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (HR; 95 % CI) were estimated with Cox regression models with multivariable adjustment (baseline total energy intake, alcohol consumption and intake pattern, body mass index, physical activity, level of educational attainment and self-reported diabetes status).RESULTS: No risk associations were observed for IHBC or GBTC. Combined soft drinks consumption of >6 servings/week was positively associated with HCC risk: HR 1.83; 95 % CI 1.11-3.02, p trend = 0.01 versus non-consumers. In sub-group analyses available for 91 % of the cohort artificially sweetened soft drinks increased HCC risk by 6 % per 1 serving increment (HR 1.06, 95 % CI 1.03-1.09, n cases = 101); for sugar-sweetened soft drinks, this association was null (HR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.95-1.06; n cases = 127, p heterogeneity = 0.07). Juice consumption was not associated with HCC risk, except at very low intakes (<1 serving/week: HR 0.60; 95 % CI 0.38-0.95; p trend = 0.02 vs. non-consumers).CONCLUSIONS: Daily intake of combined soft drinks is positively associated with HCC, but a differential association between sugar and artificially sweetened cannot be discounted. This study provides some insight into possible associations of HCC with sugary drinks intake. Further exploration in other settings is required.
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| 49. |
- Strömberg, Helén, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Ifrågasatta RUT-tjänster
- 2011. - 1
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Ingår i: Kvinnors företagande - mål eller medel?. - Stockholm : SNS förlag. - 9789186203863 ; , s. 161-186
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring gender equality among caregivers: a sub-study based on the Nordic network
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Developments in Arctic Law. - 2343-3418. ; 9, s. 97-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study is part of an ongoing project, “Understanding gender inequality among caregivers in the ageing sector in the Nordic countries” (short name: NIKK-AGE-Caregivers), which is funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Nordic Gender Equality Fund (NIKK). The purpose of this project has been to develop a broader research network and at the same time to conduct a small study on gender equality amongst caregivers within Finland, Sweden, Norway and Iceland. An additional aim has been to promote new knowledge that contributes to the enhancement of gender equality in the eldercare sector.
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