| 1. |
- Reifarth, R., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 665:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process beta-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.
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| 7. |
- Yazdani, S, et al.
(författare)
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T cell responses at diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis predict disease progression
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1, s. 6733-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, involving neuroinflammation and T cell infiltration in the central nervous system. However, the contribution of T cell responses to the pathology of the disease is not fully understood. Here we show, by flow cytometric analysis of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of a cohort of 89 newly diagnosed ALS patients in Stockholm, Sweden, that T cell phenotypes at the time of diagnosis are good predictors of disease outcome. High frequency of CD4+FOXP3− effector T cells in blood and CSF is associated with poor survival, whereas high frequency of activated regulatory T (Treg) cells and high ratio between activated and resting Treg cells in blood are associated with better survival. Besides survival, phenotypic profiling of T cells could also predict disease progression rate. Single cell transcriptomics analysis of CSF samples shows clonally expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CSF, with characteristic gene expression patterns. In summary, T cell responses associate with and likely contribute to disease progression in ALS, supporting modulation of adaptive immunity as a viable therapeutic option.
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| 8. |
- Blösch, Günter, et al.
(författare)
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Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 64:10, s. 1141-1158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.
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| 9. |
- Carlén, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamical. and statistical fragment emission properties in 200 A MeV Ne-20+Ar-40 collisions
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 764, s. 15-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dynamical and statistical fragment emission processes in 200 A MeV Ne-20 + Ar-40 collisions are well probed by measurements of charge (Z), mass (A) and momentum vector ((p) over right arrow) of all fragments in large parts of the available momentum space. We present such data obtained at the cluster-jet target of the CELSIUS storage ring, for the first time with an internal, ultra-high vacuum (UHV) compatible detector system (CHICSi). Energy and angular dependence in Z and A distributions are not reproduced by a single-step model, e.g., those based on molecular dynamics (MD), but require a complete three-step model. We use here the intranuclear cascade+ statistical multifragmentation + secondary evaporation model (CFEM). The angular dependence of isobaric ratios, like He-6/Li-6 at low emission velocities and temperatures extracted from isotopic (double) ratios, do exhibit differences, even from this model. These differences, which call for adjustment of model parameters, are discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Forsberg, A., et al.
(författare)
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Once-only colonoscopy or two rounds of faecal immunochemical testing 2 years apart for colorectal cancer screening (SCREESCO): preliminary report of a randomised controlled trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-1253. ; 7:6, s. 513-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Screening for colorectal cancer is done with lower gastrointestinal endoscopy or stool-based tests. There is little evidence from randomised trials to show primary colonoscopy reduces mortality in colorectal cancer We aimed to investigate the effect of screening with once-only colonoscopy or two rounds of faecal immunochemical test screening on colorectal cancer mortality and incidence. Methods We did a randomised controlled trial in Sweden (SCREESCO). Residents in 18 of 21 regions who were age 60 years in the year of randomisation were identified from a population register maintained by the Swedish Tax Agency. A statistician with no further involvement in the trial used a randomised block method to assign individuals to once-only colonoscopy, two rounds of faecal immunochemical testing (OC-Sensor; 2 years apart), or a control group (no intervention; standard diagnostic pathways), in a ratio of 1:6 for colonoscopy versus control and 1:2 for faecal immunochemical testing versus control. Masking was not possible due to the nature of the trial. The primary endpoints of the trial are colorectal cancer mortality and colorectal cancer incidence. Here, we report preliminary participation rates, baseline findings, and adverse events from March, 2014, to December, 2020, in the two intervention groups after completion of recruitment and screening, up to the completion of the second faecal immunochemical testing round. Analyses were done in the intention-to-screen population, defined as all individuals who were randomly assigned to the respective study group. This study is registered with Clinical Trials.gov, NCT02078804. Findings Between March 1, 2014, and Dec 31, 2020, 278 280 people were induded in the study; 31 140 were assigned to the colonoscopy group, 60 300 to the faecal immunochemical test group, and 186 840 to the control group. 10 679 (35.1%) of 30 400 people who received an invitation for colonoscopy participated. 33 383 (55.5%) of 60 137 people who received a postal faecal immunochemical test participated. In the intention-to-screen analysis, colorectal cancer was detected in 49 (0.16%) of 31140 people in the colonoscopy group versus 121 (0. 20%) of 60 300 in the faecal immunochemical test group (relative risk [RR] 0.78, 95% CI 0.56-1.09). Advanced adenomas were detected in 637 (2.05%) people in the colonoscopy group and 968 (1.61%) in the faecal immunochemical test group (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.15-1.41). Colonoscopy detected more right-sided advanced adenomas than faecal immunochemical testing. There were two perforations and 15 major bleeds in 16 555 colonoscopies. No intervention-related deaths occurred. Interpretation The diagnostic yield and the low number of adverse events indicate that the design from this trial, both for once-only colonoscopy and faecal immunochemical test screening, could be transferred to a population-based screening service if a benefit in disease-specific mortality is subsequently shown. Copyright (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Hedlund, E., et al.
(författare)
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A new test stand for heavy ion induced gas desorption measurements at TSL
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 586:3, s. 377-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In several experiments at CERN, GSI and BNL it has been found that the lifetime of highly energetic heavy ions in synchrotrons decreases with increasing number of injected ions. This phenomenon occurs due to the collisions of beam ions and residual gas molecules leading to the change of charge of the ions and their loss on the vacuum chamber walls, which in turn cause ion-induced gas desorption and further pressure increase. To gain a deeper understanding of the ion-induced desorption process in the energy range 5-45 MeV/u, a dedicated test stand was built at the end of the K beamline at The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala, Sweden. The energy range was chosen due to the fact that the injection energy of the heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 at GSI will be 10 MeV/u, and that there are insufficient data in this energy range. A Test Particle Monte-Carlo model of the experimental set-up was build-up, run and analysed for different sample configurations. An important result is that for the same sample material the desorption yield from a flat sample causes a 1.58 times larger pressure increase than that of a tubular sample. A detailed explanation of the set-up is presented.
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| 13. |
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| 18. |
- Man, L. C. T., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of a surfactant on single ion track etching: preparing and manipulating cylindrical micro wires
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X .- 1872-9584. ; 265:2, s. 621-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of the alkali resistant surfactant Dowfax 2A1 on single ion track etching in 30 μm polycarbonate foils is studied at low etch rate (5 M NaOH at 41.5 ± 2 °C) using electro conductivity measurements. At surfactant concentrations above 10−4 vol.% break-through times are predictable (Δt/t < 0.25). At high surfactant concentrations (0.1 vol.%) the formation of cylindrical channels is favoured. The shape of these channels (length 26 μm, diameter 1.8 μm) is verified by electro-replication and SEM observation of the resulting wires. Agreement of radii is better than 0.1 μm. Depending on the current limit set during electro replication compact or hollow cylinders can be obtained. A technique for localizing and manipulating individual micro wires by their head buds is described.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Murin, Y, et al.
(författare)
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SEE-Related Studies at CELSIUS
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings (STORI’05), Bonn. ; , s. 153-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 21. |
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| 23. |
- Vergoossen, Dana L. E., et al.
(författare)
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Enrichment of serum IgG4 in MuSK myasthenia gravis patients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier. - 0165-5728 .- 1872-8421. ; 373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular autoimmune disease belonging to a growing group of IgG4 autoimmune diseases (IgG4-AIDs), in which the majority of pathogenic autoantibodies are of the IgG4 subclass. The more prevalent form of MG with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies is caused by IgG1-3 autoantibodies. A dominant role for IgG4 in autoimmune disease is intriguing due to its antiinflammatory characteristics. It is unclear why MuSK autoantibodies are predominantly IgG4. We hypothesized that MuSK MG patients have a general predisposition to generate IgG4 responses, therefore resulting in high levels of circulating IgG4. To investigate this, we quantified serum Ig isotypes and IgG subclasses using nephelometric and turbidimetric assays in MuSK MG and AChR MG patients not under influence of immunosuppressive treatment. Absolute serum IgG1 was increased in both MuSK and AChR MG patients compared to healthy donors. In addition, only MuSK MG patients on average had significantly increased and enriched serum IgG4. Although more MuSK MG patients had elevated serum IgG4, for most the IgG4 serum levels fell within the normal range. Correlation analyses suggest MuSK-specific antibodies do not solely explain the variation in IgG4 levels. In conclusion, although serum IgG4 levels are slightly increased, the levels do not support ubiquitous IgG4 responses in MuSK MG patients as the underlying cause of dominant IgG4 MuSK antibodies.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Westerberg, Per-Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Variation in the klotho gene is not associated with mortality risk among elderly men in MR OS Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 50:Suppl 1, s. S103-S104
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polymorphisms in the Klotho (Kl) gene, which is central for vitamin D regulation by fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), have been associated with longevity, coronary disease and stroke. The CC genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs577912 in the Kl-gene is associated with decreased Kl expression, as well as increased mortality in end stage renal disease. We examined if SNP in the Kl-gene was associated with mortality in the community derived cohort of 70 to 80 year old males of MrOS Sweden (N = 3014).High throughput genotyping of the KLOTHO SNPs was achieved by use of SequenomR MassEXTEND/Mass/ARRAY technology. 2738 subjects had a valid result for rs577912: CC 73.1% and CA + AA 26.9%. There were no differences in the serum levels of FGF23, phosphate, parathyroid hormone or renal function between genotypes CC and CA + AA. During a follow-up of a median of 4.5 years there were 337 deaths, 253 (12.6%) in the CC group and 84 (11.4%) in the CA + AA group. With log rank analysis there were no differences in mortality between the genotypes for all cause mortality (P = 0.39) or cardiovascular mortality (P = 0.60). None of the other SNPs in the Kl gene was associated with mortality in this cohort either.Conclusion:There is no association between the SNP rs577912 in the Kl-gene and mortality among elderly men.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Andersson, L-O, et al.
(författare)
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A new neutron beam facility
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proc. of the 9th European Particle Accelerator Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
- Baptista, Marisa A. P., et al.
(författare)
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Deletion of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein triggers Rac2 activity and increased cross-presentation by dendritic cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the WASp gene. Decreased cellular responses in WASp-deficient cells have been interpreted to mean that WASp directly regulates these responses in WASp-sufficient cells. Here, we identify an exception to this concept and show that WASp-deficient dendritic cells have increased activation of Rac2 that support cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells. Using two different skin pathology models, WASp-deficient mice show an accumulation of dendritic cells in the skin and increased expansion of IFN gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells in the draining lymph node and spleen. Specific deletion of WASp in dendritic cells leads to marked expansion of CD8(+) T cells at the expense of CD4(+) T cells. WASp-deficient dendritic cells induce increased cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells by activating Rac2 that maintains a near neutral pH of phagosomes. Our data reveals an intricate balance between activation of WASp and Rac2 signalling pathways in dendritic cells.
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| 33. |
- Birgegård, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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[A case of chyluria]
- 1974
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 71:38, s. 3490-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 34. |
- Blundell, MP, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorylation of WASp is a key regulator of activity and stability in vivo
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 106:37, s. 15738-15743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) is a key cytoskeletal regulator in hematopoietic cells. Covalent modification of a conserved tyrosine by phosphorylation has emerged as an important potential determinant of activity, although the physiological significance remains uncertain. In a murine knockin model, mutation resulting in inability to phosphorylate Y293 (Y293F) mimicked many features of complete WASp-deficiency. Although a phosphomimicking mutant Y293E conferred enhanced actin-polymerization, the cellular phenotype was similar due to functional dysregulation. Furthermore, steady-state levels of Y293E-WASp were markedly reduced compared to wild-type WASp and Y293F-WASp, although partially recoverable by treatment of cells with proteasome inhibitors. Consequently, tyrosine phosphorylation plays a critical role in normal activation of WASp in vivo, and is indispensible for multiple tasks including proliferation, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and assembly of adhesion structures. Furthermore, it may target WASp for proteasome-mediated degradation, thereby providing a default mechanism for self-limiting stimulation of the Arp2/3 complex.
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| 37. |
- Bredenberg, S., et al.
(författare)
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In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a new sublingual tablet system for rapid oromucosal absorption using fentanyl citrate as the active substance
- 2003
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Ingår i: Eur J Pharm Sci. - 0928-0987. ; 20:3, s. 327-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oromucosal delivery of drugs promotes rapid absorption and high bioavailability, with subsequent almost immediate onset of pharmacological effect. However, many oromucosal delivery systems are compromised by the possibility of the patient swallowing the active substance before it has been released and absorbed locally into the systemic circulation. This paper introduces a new tablet system for sublingual administration and rapid drug absorption. The tablet is based on interactive mixtures of components, consisting of carrier particles partially covered by fine dry particles of the drug, in this case fentanyl citrate. In the interests of increasing retention of the drug at the site of absorption in the oral cavity, a bioadhesive component was also added to the carrier particles. Tablets containing 100, 200 and 400 microg of fentanyl were tested both in vitro and in vivo. The tablets disintegrated rapidly and dissolution tests revealed that fentanyl citrate was dissolved from the formulation almost instantly. Plasma concentrations of fentanyl were obtained within 10 min, with no second peak. These results indicated that the bioadhesive component prevented the fentanyl from being swallowed (the fraction swallowed was considered smaller compared to other mucosal delivery systems), without hindering its release and absorption. This new sublingual tablet formulation may also hold potential for other substances where a rapid onset of effect is desirable.
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| 38. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Elmer, R, et al.
(författare)
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K+ emission in symmetric heavy ion reactions at subthreshold energies
- 1996
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. ; 77:24, s. 4884-4886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subthreshold K+ production cross sections have been measured in symmetric Ne + NaF, Ni + Ni, and Au + Au collisions at 1.0A GeV. The mass dependence is strong, close to A(2). The angular distributions are nonisotropic in the center-of-mass system. Introdu
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| 46. |
- Enculecu, I., et al.
(författare)
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Current perpendicular to plane single-nanowire GMR sensor
- 2007
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Ingår i: Applied Physics A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0947-8396 .- 1432-0630. ; 86:1, s. 43-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By electrochemical deposition in a single nanopore membrane we fabricate Cu/Co layered single nanowires, that exhibit up to 10% magnetoresistance at room temperature. Single nanopore membranes are prepared by irradiating polycarbonate membranes with exactly one swift heavy ion, and by subsequent chemical etching of the single ion track. Both dc and pulsed electrodeposition of single wires consisting of Cu-Co alloy and Cu/Co multilayers respectively, are performed from a bath containing the two metal ions. By sputtering a gold electrode on the upper membrane surface, the single nanowire embedded in the flexible polymer foil is reliably contacted. While alloy wires exhibit anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), multilayer wires display current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) behavior. This demonstrates that both the fabrication and contacting methods are very suitable for the investigation of transport properties, without the necessity of lithographic processes and without manipulation of the nanowires. In addition, the method opens up many new possibilities for single nanowire-based sensors.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Gerasimcik, Natalija, et al.
(författare)
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The small rho GTPases Rac1 and Rac2 are important for T-cell independent antigen responses and for suppressing switching to IgG2b in Mice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rho GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, and Rac2 coordinate receptor signaling to cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Deletion of Rac1 and Rac2 early during B cell development leads to failure in B cell entry into the splenic white pulp. Here, we sought to understand the role of Rac1 and Rac2 in B cell functionality and during the humoral antibody response. To circumvent the migratory deficiency of B cells lacking both Rac1 and Rac2, we took the approach to inducibly delete Rac1 in Rac2(-/-) B cells in the spleen (Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) B cells). Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) mice had normal differentiation of splenic B cell populations, except for a reduction in marginal zone B cells. Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) B cells showed normal spreading response on antibody-coated layers, while both Rac2(-/-) and Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) B cells had reduced homotypic adhesion and decreased proliferative response when compared to wild-type B cells. Upon challenge with the T-cell-independent antigen TNP-conjugated lipopolysaccharide, Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) mice showed reduced antibody response. In contrast, in response to the T-cell-dependent antigen sheep red blood cells, Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) mice had increased serum titers of IgG1 and IgG2b. During in vitro Ig class switching, Rac1(B)Rac2(-/-) B cells had elevated germline gamma 2b transcripts leading to increased Ig class switching to IgG2b. Our data suggest that Rac1 and Rac2 serve an important role in regulation of the B cell humoral immune response and in suppressing Ig class switching to IgG2b.
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| 50. |
- Ghetti, Roberta, et al.
(författare)
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Calibration of a neutron time-of-flight multidetector system for an intensity interferometry experiment
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 516:2-3, s. 492-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the details of an experiment on light particle interferometry. In particular, we focus on a time-of-flight technique which uses a cyclotron RF signal as a start and a liquid scintillator time signal as a stop, to measure neutron energy in the range of En approximate to 1.8-150 MeV. This dynamic range (up to 300 ns) is much larger than the beam bunch separation (54 ns) of the AGOR cyclotron (KVI). However, the problem of a short burst period is overcome by using the time information obtained from a fast projectile fragment phoswich detector. The complete analysis procedure to extract the final neutron kinetic energy spectra, is discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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