| 1. |
- Beausang, Angela, et al.
(författare)
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"Möjligheten att rädda några av dessa kvinnors liv har inte vägts in"
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dagens Medicin. - : Dagens Medicin.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Namnet på Socialstyrelsens vägledning lyder: Hur upptäcka våldsutsatthet? Ja, det kan man verkligen fråga sig efter att ha läst detta föga vägledande dokument, skriver ett stort antal kritiska debattörer.
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| 2. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Morbidity and quality of life 5 years after early intervention with metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Cardiology. - : Karger AG. - 0008-6312 .- 1421-9751. ; 75:5, s. 357-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1,395 patients in the age range 40-74 years participating in a double-blind trial with metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction morbidity and quality of life were assessed during the first 5 years after randomization. During the first 3 months patients were given 200 mg metoprolol daily or placebo. Thereafter the two groups were treated similarly. Mortality during 5 years was 24.2% in patients originally randomized to metoprolol versus 25.7% in patients originally randomized to placebo (p greater than 0.2). No difference was observed regarding reinfarction rate, stroke or occurrence of bypass surgery during the 5-year follow-up. During the first 3 months 10% of patients in the metoprolol group were rehospitalized for various reasons versus 13% in the placebo group. The corresponding figures for 5 years were 59 and 60%, respectively. Among patients surviving 5 years 84% in both groups were on some medication of which beta-blockade was the dominating one. Symptoms of chest pain, dyspnea, claudicatio, smoking habits and working capacity did not differ and neither did quality of life according to the Nottingham Health Profile. We thus conclude that morbidity and quality of life were not significantly affected 5 years after early intervention with metoprolol in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.
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| 3. |
- Wiklund, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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New parents’ experience of information and sense of security related to postnatal care : A systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 17, s. 35-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Becoming a parent is often a tumultuous experience and a great challenge. The transition when a child is born is described affecting the parents and their relationship psychically, physically, mentally and emotionally. Information within care should be relevant and supportive. Furthermore information within the context of care should be relevant, supportive and helpful to parents in handling their new situation and increasing their self-reliance. Aim: To provide a contextualised understanding of how parents experience postnatal care in relation to information and sense of security”. Method: A systematic search was undertaken at PubMed and CINAHL database for literature published between January 2002 and August 2017. Inclusion criteria focused on postnatal care. Eight of the studies used qualitative methods and two of the studies used quantitative methods, as a result the findings could not be combined using meta-analysis or meta-synthesis, instead narrative synthesis of the findings were used. Results: Ten studies were included. The analysis revealed three categories related to parent's experience of information and sense of security during the postnatal period. These categories were; Expectations on the care; Own resources; and Confirmation. Support from staff and family is described as significant for the parents' sense of security. During the first postnatal week, the emotions were characterized by anxiety and/or fear. Parents prefer a “non-judgmental” attitude from the staff and to be met as an individual. Conclusion: Family -centred care such as continuity, participation, individually adaptation, consistent, information and preparation for parenting appear to be important components for parents' sense of security in postnatal care. © 2018
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| 4. |
- Agrell, Beata, et al.
(författare)
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Ett laglöst tillstånd
- 2012
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Askelsdottir, B., et al.
(författare)
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Home care after early discharge : Impact on healthy mothers and newborns
- 2013
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 29:8, s. 927-934
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: to compare early discharge with home care versus standard postpartum care in terms of mothers' sense of security; contact between mother, newborn and partner; emotions towards breast feeding; and breast-feeding duration at one and three months after birth. Design: retrospective case-control study. Setting: a labour ward unit in Stockholm, Sweden handling both normal and complicated births. Participants: 96 women with single, uncomplicated pregnancies and births, and their healthy newborns. Intervention: early discharge at 12-24 hours post partum with 2-3 home visits during the first week after birth. The intervention group consisted of women who had a normal vaginal birth (. n=45). This group was compared with healthy controls who received standard postnatal care at the hospital (. n=51). Instruments: mothers' sense of security was measured using the Parents' Postnatal Sense of Security Scale. Contact between mother, child and father, and emotions towards breast feeding were measured using the Alliance Scale, and breast-feeding rates at one and three months post partum were recorded. Findings: women in the intervention group reported a greater sense of security in the first postnatal week but had more negative emotions towards breast feeding compared with the control group. At three months post partum, 74% of the newborns in the intervention group were fully breast fed versus 93% in the control group (. p=0.021). Contact between the mother, newborn and partner did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: early discharge with home care is a feasible option for healthy women and newborns, but randomised controlled studies are needed to investigate the effects of home care on breast-feeding rates. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 8. |
- Askelöf, U., et al.
(författare)
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Wait a minute? : An observational cohort study comparing iron stores in healthy Swedish infants at 4 months of age after 10-, 60- and 180-second umbilical cord clamping
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 2044-6055. ; 7:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objective: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umbilical cord (UC) clamping is widely practised, but delayed UC clamping is increasingly advocated to reduce possible infant anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate an intermediate UC clamping time point and to evaluate iron status at the age of 4 months in infants who had the UC clamped after 60 s and compare the results with immediate and late UC clamping. Design: Prospective observational study with two historical controls. Setting: A university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, and a county hospital in Halland, Sweden. Methods: Iron status was assessed at 4 months in 200 prospectively recruited term infants whose UC was clamped 60 s after birth. The newborn baby was held below the uterine level for the first 30 s before placing the infant on the mother's abdomen for additional 30 s. The results were compared with data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial including infants subjected to UC clamping at ≤10 s (n=200) or ≥180 s (n=200) after delivery. Results: After adjustment for age differences at the time of follow-up, serum ferritin concentrations were 77, 103 and 114 μg/L in the 10, 60 and 180 s groups, respectively. The adjusted ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the 60 s group compared with the 10 s group (P=0.002), while the difference between the 60 and 180 s groups was not significant (P=0.29). Conclusion: In this study of healthy term infants, 60 s UC clamping with 30 s lowering of the baby below the uterine level resulted in higher serum ferritin concentrations at 4 months compared with 10 s UC clamping. The results suggest that delaying the UC clamping for 60 s reduces the risk for iron deficiency. © 2017 Article author(s).
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bankel, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The CDIO syllabus: a comparative study of expected student proficiency
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Engineering Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0304-3797 .- 1469-5898. ; 28:3, s. 297-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering students must graduate with command of a vast body of technical knowledge. They must possess personal, interpersonal and system-building skills to function in teams, and be prepared to produce products and systems. Their education must have been structured under a curriculum blending ability to combine technical expertise with ethical, innovative, philosophical and humanistic acumen. This paper describes a unique international collaboration among four universities to reform engineering education. The collaborators agreed to a statement of goals, which includes descriptions of knowledge, skills and attitudes vital to an effective education, and codifies proficiency levels expected of graduates. We developed and utilized unique stakeholder surveys both to validate our prototype and to determine desired proficiency levels. This collaboration resulted in The CDIO Syllabus, A Statement of Goals for Undergraduate Engineering Education. The syllabus is both a template and a process that can be used to customize the syllabus to others' programmes. It can define new educational initiatives/and be employed as the basis for rigorous assessment. This paper details how, with the input of industry, academia and others, we employed an engineering problem-solving paradigm to effect our redesign. It outlines the syllabus and the unique process employed to create it.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Are healthy and successful organizations working accordingly to Quality Management?
- 2009
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Ingår i: International journal of workplace health management. - : Emerald. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 2:3, s. 245-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine if healthy and successful organizations are working accordingly to Quality Management. The purpose is also to describe in more detail how they are working. Methodology/Approach Three Swedish organizations that have shown excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and profitability have been examined, to find out what methodologies they have used for their success. To discover whether these healthy and successful organizations are working accordingly to Quality Management, Deming’s 14-point list has been used as an analytical tool. Findings Identified methodologies used by the healthy and successful organizations are described. Viewed in the light of our analysis, a relationship between the three examined healthy and successful organizations and Quality Management is indicated. Practical implications Working with the methodologies described in the paper, the three organizations have improved co-worker health. Other organizations could probably adopt the identified and described methodologies to improve the health of their co-workers and effectiveness in the organization. Originality/value Concerning the performance evaluation and the continuous improvement component in Quality Management, substantial contributions could be made to the health area by applying the tools that the quality area have used over a considerable period to improve the quality outcomes. Quality and health aspects have common success factors, and a focus on high quality could be seen as positive for health outcomes.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Learning from chaos : a necessity for adapting quality management to the future?
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to describe the core leadership behavior in Change Oriented Leadership, the KaosPilots and Deming´s 14 points. Furthermore we aim to compare similarities and differences in these leadership behaviors, in order to propose new leadership behaviors within Quality Management to fit tomorrow´s more creativity based organizations. Methodology The research has been conducted through describing and comparing core leadership behaviors, in Change Oriented Leadership, KaosPilots and Deming´s 14-points. Findings Our comparison indicates that there are behaviors in the Change Oriented Leadership that are missing in Quality Management and probably would benefit organizations if they were adopted. The leadership that the KaosPilots addresses is different from the leadership in Quality Management in many ways but probably necessary to learn from to meet new demands from the customers and the co-workers. Originality/value Leadership within Quality Management developed with innovation and entrepreneurship from Change Oriented Leadership complimented with playfulness and chaos from the KaosPilots would most likely generate a more creative environment and thereby create more competitive organizations.
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| 16. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Learning from others to adapt Quality Management to the future
- 2011
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Ingår i: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1478-3363 .- 1478-3371. ; 22:2, s. 187-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to compare leadership behaviours from two different approaches with the leadership behaviours within Quality Management in order to find possible areas for developing leadership within Quality Management. A case study has been carried out at a Swedish award-winning organisation in order to study leadership behaviours. In-depth interviews have been carried out with the intention to explore how the manager has worked to become one of Sweden’s best workplaces. Leadership behaviours from three different approaches are summarised in ‘The Core Leadership Behaviours’. The analysis of the leadership methodologies and behaviours used by the leaders and the ‘Core Leadership Behaviours’ from the three different approaches has been summarized for each approach. The comparison indicates that there are interesting leadership behaviours in Change Oriented Leadership as well as in KaosPilots that are not established within Quality Management. The leadership behaviours could complement Quality Management to meet new and challenging demands from customers and co-workers
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| 17. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Management methodologies for sustaniable health : a case study at three Swedish organisations
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality Management for Organisational and Regional Development. ; , s. 703-712
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Good management and leadership are key-factors for sustainable development and long-term success in all types of organisations. Although, many organisations are still struggling with quality problems, sick absence and financial difficulties caused by poor top management. Many researchers have reported on relationships between good management and working environment, quality and efficiency. So the question is why god management is not practised to a larger extent? In this paper, management methodologies for sustainable health among employees, customer satisfaction and good bottom line results are explored by studying top leaders in three Swedish successful organisations. General questions dealt with in the paper are: How can managers commit employees to be part of the proactive work with sustainable health? And what methodologies can top managers use to get well-motivated employees, a good working environment, satisfied customers and good financial results? The studied organisations are two manufacturing companies and one hospital. The organisations have received national awards for their excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and efficiency. They all demonstrate good examples of long-term work with sustainable health among employees which has decreased sick absence. Explorative qualitative methods have been used to identify management methodologies in the case organisations. The results confirm a relation between leadership and sustainable health. In all organisations sustainable leadership has been characterised by great humanity, a long-range perspective and a holistic view of management. These management methodologies with concrete examples have been described in the paper. The leadership has led to healthier organizations with more committed and satisfied employees, and the indicated relationships between sustainable leadership, improved health among employees, satisfied co-workers and bottom line results among the case organisations probably demonstrate a significant improvement potential for today's organizations.
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| 18. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Management methodologies for sustaniable health : A case study at three Swedish organisations
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality Management for Organisational and Regional Development : QMOD 2005. - Luleå. ; , s. 703-712, s. 703-712
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Good management and leadership are key factors for sustainable development and long-term success in all types of organisations. Nevertheless, many organisations are still struggling with quality problems, sick ness absence and financial difficulties caused by poor top management. Many researchers have reported on relationships between good management and working environment, quality and efficiency. So the question is why good management is not practised to a greater extent. In this paper, management methodologies for sustainable health among employees and consequent customer satisfaction and good bottom line results are explored by studying top leaders in three Swedish successful organisations. General questions dealt with in the paper are: How can managers commit employees to be part of the proactive work with sustainable health? What methodologies can top managers use to get well-motivated employees, a good working environment, satisfied customers and good financial results? The studied organisations are two manufacturing companies and one hospital. The organisations have received national awards for their excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and efficiency. They all demonstrate good examples of long-term work with sustainable health among employees which has decreased sick ness absence. Explorative qualitative methods have been used to identify management methodologies in the case organisations. The results confirm a relation between leadership and sustainable health. In all organisations sustainable leadership has been characterised by great humanity, a long-range perspective and a holistic view of management. These management methodologies with concrete examples are described in the paper.
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| 19. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring the Starting Points for a Lean Journey
- 2012
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Ingår i: 15 th QMOD conference. - Poznan : Agence Reklamova Comprint. - 9788389333469 ; , s. 146-156
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractPurpose –The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of measuring the startingpoint of improvement work focusing on soft values and to present one way of measuring thestarting point of a Lean implementation. The purpose is also to describe the Leanimplementation planned within a municipal division and also to present their measuredstarting conditions.Methodology/approach –A literature study, with Lean implementation, measuring startingpoints for improvement work, soft values and the effects of the improvement work in focushas been carried out. Documents from the planned Lean implementation within a municipaldivision have been studied. To measure the conditions for the implementation a previouslyconducted measurement approach that measured health-related Quality Management was used.Findings –The paper contains an argument for the importance of measuring the effect of aLean implementation with a focus on soft values and measuring starting points. A descriptionof one planned Lean implementation within a municipal division and their starting conditionsare presented.Practical implications –To measure the conditions at the starting point of a Leanimplementation gives managers information to help them focus on important improvementareas. A description of a Lean implementation can help other organizations to plan theirimplementation.
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| 20. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-
(författare)
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On the Relationship between Sustainable Health and Quality Management : Leadership and organizational behaviours from Swedish organizations
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sickness absence not only causes significant costs for organizations but also leads to other negative consequences for individuals and societies. Previous research has shown that working with organizational values within Quality Management affects job satisfaction and results in increased profitability and customer satisfaction. There would, in addition, seem to be great gains if managers, by working with Quality Management, can manage to establish sustainable health among co-workers. The purpose of the research described in this thesis was to examine how Quality Management could be practised in order to support sustainable health among co-workers and what it is within Quality Management that influences sustainable co-worker health. Accordingly, the purpose was also to contribute to the understanding of the relation between sustainable health and Quality Management. To fulfil this purpose, three research questions were asked. The results are described in three parts related to the three research questions and are the product of six case studies carried out in seven different organizations. Interviews with managers and workshops with co-workers were carried out to investigate how Quality Management can be practised within organizations in order to promote sustainable co-worker health. These investigations took place in four organizations that had received awards. Three had been awarded for their excellence in leadership, work environment and co-workership, along with improved profitability; one for its successful implementation of quality programmes. The results are descriptions of methodologies, behaviours, values and organization structure used by the organizations to support sustainable health. These are exemplified with practical examples. The methodologies, behaviours, values, and organizational structure are considered possible for other organizations to adopt and all of them are already supported in the quality, management and leadership literature. Support from the health literature is also found for most of the behaviours, methodologies, values, and organizational structure. Surveys and focus groups interviews were carried out in five different organizations in order to find out what is of most importance when practising Quality Management in order to influence sustainable co-worker health. The results pointed to ‘Leadership Commitment’ as the most central of the values for achieving sustainable health among the co-workers. Furthermore, the values ‘Continuous Improvements’, ‘Participation of Everybody’ and ‘Customer Orientation’ were found to be related to sustainable health among the co-workers. The values ‘Leadership Commitment’ and the value ‘Participation of Everybody’ were then further elaborated to find aspects of importance for sustainable co-worker health. From the value ‘Leadership Commitment’ four aspects were extracted. These were labelled ‘Empathy’, ‘Presence and Communication’, ‘Integrity’, and ‘Continuity’. The results showed relations between the value ‘Leadership Commitment’ within Quality Management and sustainable health among the co-workers. Thus it is essential for leaders to work in accordance with that value to achieve results in the work towards sustainable co-worker health. The results indicate that this requires management and leadership that are characterized by the aspects above. The leaders have to: • Really understand the co-workers and their work situation. • Be present and available for co-workers and communicate with them. • Act as a role model, be fair and keep their promises. • Stay in their positions long enough to build up trust and confidence. The value ‘Participation of Everybody’ has also been shown to be related to sustainable health among the co-workers. This indicates that it is important to work in accordance with that value in the struggle to achieve sustainable health among the co-workers. The results imply that this value is characterized by the aspects ‘Development’, ‘Influence’ and ‘Being informed’. This could be done by: • Giving the co-workers opportunities to develop their skills and develop personally. • Letting the co-workers influence their work situation and taking suggestions and proposals from them seriously. • Having good communication within the whole organization. To manage this; the managers have to delegate more and empower the co-workers. These results were then further elaborated within another organization in order to develop a measurement approach that can clarify the extent to which the values, ‘Leadership Commitment’ and ‘Participation of Everybody’ permeate an organization. The developed measurement approach can be used to clarify the extent to which the organization is practising the health-promoting values within Quality Management and in what areas improvement is needed to increase co-worker health. The approach can also help the organization to detect those shortcomings within the management which are important for co-worker well-being. The developed measurement approach can be used to establish and enhance co-worker health by improving their well-being, satisfaction and motivation.
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| 21. |
- Bäckström, Ingela, 1963-
(författare)
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Quality Management for Sustainable Health : Methodologies, Values and Practices taken from Swedish Organizations
- 2006
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In many Western countries today, not least in Sweden, there are a lot of organizations that have great problems with sickness absence. The costs connected to the high rates of sickness absence have also risen to alarming levels. Healthy co-workers and healthy organizations are obvious goals for many leaders, but this is not always so easy to establish. Work practices and leadership that are beneficial to co-worker health are thus vital to identify. Studies have shown relationships between company-wide implementation of quality programs and improved co-worker satisfaction along with low co-worker turn over; in other words, co-worker health along with improved customer satisfaction and financial results. Despite the great problems concerning sickness absence, there are organizations that have been awarded prizes for excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment, and profitability. The overall purposes of the research described in this thesis are to examine and describe how management and leadership can establish sustainable health among the co-workers and examine how the leadership for sustainable health is related to Quality Management. The in-depth purpose is to examine which aspects within the values derived from the quality movement are those that primarily influence the co-workers’ perceived health. The results presented can be described in three parts and are results from four case studies carried out in five different organizations. Three of the organizations have received awards for establishing good working environment, good financial results, and low sick leaves among their co-workers; the fourth received an award for the successful implementation of quality programs. The first part consists of results from case studies in three different organizations and describes how organizations can work to achieve sustainable health among their co-workers, with practical examples. The results are methodologies, values and organizational structure, which it is considered possible for other organizations to adopt in their efforts to achieve good working conditions resulting in fewer sick leaves. The second part is an attempt to investigate if leadership for sustainable health is related to Quality Management. Methodologies, leadership values, organizational structure, and general values found in organizations which have achieved sustainable health are analyzed in the light of Deming’s 14 points, and a correlation is indicated. There is also correlation found between the TQM values and the co-workers’ perception of their health. The third part examines which of the aspects within the values grown from the quality movement are those that influence the co-workers perceived health. The results show significant correlation between the values and the co-workers’ perception of their health. Aspects found within the value “Top management commitment” were named; Empathy, Presence and Communication, Integrity, and Continuity. Within the value “Let everybody be committed” the aspects; Development, Influence and Being informed were found. These aspects are described in more detail and also in one model per value. The result implies that the TQM values; “Top management commitment”, “Improve continuously” “Let everybody be Committed” and “Focus on customers” are important for achieving healthy organizations and sustainable health among co-workers.
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| 22. |
- Carlander, A. -KK., et al.
(författare)
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Contact between mother, child and partner and attitudes towards breastfeeding in relation to mode of delivery
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 1:1, s. 27-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate contact between mothers and their newborn child and study if there are differences between those who requested an elective caesarean section compared to women who had a vaginal birth and those who underwent an elective caesarean section due to obstetrical indication. The psychometric properties of a scale that measure the contact between mother and child were also investigated. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Sample: 510 primiparas from three groups: women undergoing caesarean section on maternal request (n = 96), women undergoing caesarean section on obstetrical indication (n = 116) and women planning a vaginal delivery (n = 198). The later were further divided into subgroups; women who underwent assisted vaginal delivery (n = 35) and women who had an emergency caesarean section (n = 65). Methods: The instrument used was the Alliance Scale. Main outcome measure: The contact between mother and child in relation to mode of delivery. Results: The contact with the child was rated as positive on all occasions: there were no significant differences between the groups. The relation to the partner was rated as positive at all occasions. Mothers with a vaginal delivery experienced breastfeeding less stressful than the mothers with a caesarean delivery. Three and nine months after delivery the mothers with a caesarean delivery on request reported more breastfeeding problems than mothers in the other groups. Mothers with a vaginal delivery rated less sadness at every occasion. Conclusion: Mode of delivery does not seem to affect how mothers experience their contact towards the newborn child. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 23. |
- Carlander, A. K. K., et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life five years after birth of the first child
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 6:2, s. 101-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women five years after the birth of their first child as well as the HRQoL in relation to mode of delivery. Methods: 545 first-time pregnant women, drawn from a hospital situated in Sweden, consented to be included in a cohort. Five years after the birth of the first child, 372 (68%) women agreed to participate in a follow-up study. HRQoL was measured using the Swedish Health-Related Quality of Life Survey (SWED-QUAL) questionnaire. Socio-demographic background and variables related to pregnancy and childbirth were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Results: Overall, the HRQoL was perceived to be good. Suboptimal scores were obtained for the three variables: Sleeping problems, Emotional well-being - negative affect and Family functioning - sexual functioning. Women having a vaginal birth, an instrumental vaginal birth or women who underwent caesarean section on maternal request were more likely to report better perceived HRQoL than women who had undergone an emergency caesarean section or caesarean section due to medical indication. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the overall HRQoL of the women in the cohort was reported as good. Mode of delivery was associated with differences in HRQoL five years after birth of the first child. Our result suggests that some differences in perceived HRQoL persist in the long term. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Edenhagen, Görgen, et al.
(författare)
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Improving continuing engineering education through institutional co-operation : a swedish case study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 9th World Conference on Continuing Engineering Education – Tokyo May 15–20, 2004. ; , s. 195-200
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a unique CEE-collaboration between three universities in Sweden concerning the development of a distance course in quality technology and management. The course is based on distance spanning technology and is mainly aimed at engineers who have a degree and have been working for a few years. The background, organisation and practical experiences from the co-operative course development work are presented and discussed in the paper
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| 27. |
- Ekström, Å., et al.
(författare)
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Planned cesarean section versus planned vaginal delivery : Comparison of lower urinary tract symptoms
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Urogynecology Journal. - : Springer London. - 0937-3462 .- 1433-3023. ; 19:4, s. 459-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared the prevalence and risk of lower urinary tract symptoms in healthy primiparous women in relation to vaginal birth or elective cesarean section 9 months after delivery. We performed a prospective controlled cohort study including 220 women delivered by elective cesarean section and 215 by vaginal birth. All subjects received an identical questionnaire on lower urinary tract symptoms in late pregnancy, at 3 and 9 months postpartum. Two hundred twenty subjects underwent elective cesarean section, and 215 subjects underwent vaginal delivery. After childbirth, the 3-month questionnaire was completed by 389/435 subjects (89%) and the 9-month questionnaire by 376/435 subjects (86%). In the vaginal delivery cohort, all lower urinary tract symptoms increased significantly at 9 months follow-up. When compared to cesarean section, the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after vaginal delivery was significantly increased both at 3 (p < 0.001) and 9 months (p = 0.001) follow-up. In a multivariable risk model, vaginal delivery was the only obstetrical predictor for SUI [relative risk (RR) 8.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9 - 42] and for urinary urgency (RR 7.3 95% CI 1.7 - 32) at 9 months follow-up. A history of SUI before pregnancy (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.5 - 19) and at 3 months follow-up (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.7 - 8.5) were independent predictors for SUI at 9 months follow-up. Vaginal delivery is associated with an increased risk for lower urinary tract symptoms 9 months after childbirth when compared to elective cesarean section. © International Urogynecology Journal 2007.
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| 28. |
- Eriksson, Maria, 1976-
(författare)
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Customer value in commercial experiences : Expecting the unexpected
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To an ever greater extent, customers desire experiences that are highly emotional, personally designed and memorable. Today’s customer has an increasing need to be entertained and often searches for pleasurable offerings of hedonic value. Many academics also argue that commercial experiences deliver a higher customer value than goods and services. More research regarding the character of the commercial experience is needed to understand the needs of the customer and what creates value to the customer. However the existing tools and methods for measuring customer value and customer satisfaction seldom contain the elements pointed out as important to customers in a commercial experience. Is it enough to focus on values, methods and tools developed within for instance Total Quality Management (TQM) or is there a need for further development to include the offering of a commercial experience? The overall purpose of this thesis has been to explore the field of commercial experiences and establish new knowledge on how customer value is created when delivering commercial experiences. Within the overall purpose the research also intended to contribute to the area of quality development. In order to fulfill the overall purpose three research questions were asked and three case studies and one validation study were conducted. In the first case study, focus was on exploring the commercial experience sector and searching for best practices as regards how to create value to the customer. One organization was studied and empirical data was collected by site visit, direct observation, participant observation, open seminars, follow-up interview questions and documentation. In the second case study the aim was on how organizations were working to create customer value in commercial experiences. Empirical data was collected at eight organizations where top managers were interviewed. In the third study the aim was to develop a method or tool to measure customer value in a commercial experience. A validation study and a case study were conducted. In the validation study a questionnaire was developed as a measuring tool for commercial experiences and later tested on customers in the third and last case study. The findings in the three case studies presented in this thesis contribute to expanding earlier research concerning commercial experiences and how customer value is created when delivering them. From the findings of research the commercial experience is defined as “a memorable event that the customer is willing to pay for” and identified as a unique business offering providing hedonic customer value. Further the findings describe the commercial experience by three vital factors: strong engagement, highly emotional and being memorable. To additionally describe the characterizing elements of the commercial experience, the research identified these factors as important to customers: having fun, novelty, surprise, learning, a challenge, co-creation, the unexpected, storytelling, being in control, the venue for the experience (or the room of the experience), personal contact with staff and emotions creating strong engagement. Using the theory of attractive quality by Kano is suggested as one way to recognize elements of high customer value and to identify and deliver the unexpected, novelty and surprise the customers. Further findings of the research revealed that existing tools and methods developed for measuring customer value and satisfaction do not sufficiently consider or measure the effect of customer emotions or the characterizing elements of the commercial experience. As a consequence, a questionnaire was developed and tested to identify and measure elements of value to customers in a commercial experience. From the results, a new instrument for measuring variables of value in a commercial experience is proposed. One of the conclusions is that a specific tool for measuring customer value in commercial experiences is both required and needed. It was also concluded that there is a shortage of well-known and applied methods for measuring customer value in commercial experiences and that further research of this area is needed. The research presented in this thesis also proves that successful organizations delivering commercial experiences have a strong organizational culture built on core values. The conclusion was that working according to the core values of TQM is also a successful approach for these organizations, even though this does not seem to be enough. The characterizing element “co-creating” the experience between the customer and the provider was identified as a vital factor of business success. Giving the customer the power to affect the outcome within certain limitations and an opportunity to enhance the customer value meant that the experience becomes more personal and delivers a higher customer value than other offerings. Further identified ways of working to enhance customer value in the offering were: to recruit and select co-workers not only on competence and skills but also based on the core values; to stimulate creative thinking among co-workers and to further enhance the offering with storytelling and theming. These ways of working were categorized as specific and more unique or necessary in the experience industry and can therefore be vital in the competition between different organizations to deliver superior customer value.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Gunnarsson, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Large Scale use of the CDIO Syllabus in Formulation of Program and Course Goals
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd International CDIO Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large scale application of the CDIO Syllabus in formulation of course and program goals is presented. The application involves all programs and courses within the engineering education at Linköping University. Key components in the work are course level ITU-matrices for mapping of the course contents to the CDIO Syllabus, and a suggested way to organize suitable verbs for formulation of learning outcomes according to the sections in the CDIO Syllabus
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Gunnarsson, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Using the CDIO Syllabus in Formulation of Program Goals - Experiences and Comparisons
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International CDIO Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents experiences and results from large scale and systematic use of the CDIO Syllabus for developing program goals and formulating learning outcomes at Linköping University (LiU), Sweden, and Technical University of Denmark (DTU). The approaches are based on the use of tools for program design such as ITU-matrices and skill progression matrices. During the process local adaptations of the Syllabus have been made in order to meet regulations by authorities in higher education as well as to cover programs in related areas as natural sciences. The experiences are that the CDIO Syllabus is a very useful tool in this process and that the way of organizing the management of the education programs is important for success as well as support from students, faculty members and stakeholders.
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| 35. |
- Henriksson, C., et al.
(författare)
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What effect does breastfeeding have on coeliac disease? : A systematic review update
- 2013
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Ingår i: Evidence-Based Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1356-5524 .- 1473-6810. ; 18:3, s. 98-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To update the evidence published in a previous systematic review and meta-analysis that compared the effect of breastfeeding on risk of coeliac disease (CD). Material and methods: A systematic review of observational studies published between 1966 and May 2004 on the subject was conducted in 2005. This update is a systematic review of observational studies published between June 2004 and April 2011. Pubmed, EMBASE and Cinahl were searched for published studies that examined the association between breastfeeding and CD. Results: After duplicates were removed 90 citations were screened. Four observational studies were included in the review. Two of three studies which had examined the duration of breastfeeding and CD reported significant associations between longer duration of breastfeeding and later onset of CD (OR ranged from 0.18 to 0.665). Breastfeeding during the introduction of gluten to the infant was reported to have a protective effect in two studies. Conclusions: Our findings support previous published findings that breastfeeding seems to offer a protection against the development of CD in predisposed infants. Breastfeeding at time of gluten introduction is the most significant variable in reducing the risk. Timing of gluten introduction may also be a factor in the development of CD.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Prognosis and gender differences in chest pain patients discharged from an ED.
- 1995
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Ingår i: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : W.B. Saunders Co.. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 13:2, s. 127-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large proportion of patients evaluated for chest pain in the emergency department (ED) will be sent home because the probability of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or other severe disease processes is determined to be sufficiently low. Patients who came to the ED at Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg during a 21-month period because of chest pain were registered and followed up for one year. Survivors after one year were asked to complete a mailed questionnaire regarding different kinds of symptoms. Of 5,362 patients evaluated in the ED, 2,175 were sent home on their first visit. Fifty-four percent were men and 46% were women. The one-year mortality rate was 3% in men and 3% in women. Recurrent chest pain, dyspnea, and psychological symptoms were more frequently reported by patients with known cardiac disease than by patients without cardiac disease. Female patients with and without cardiac disease reported significantly more frequent recurrent chest pain, dyspnea, and psychological and psychosomatic complaints than male patients with and without cardiac disease. These data suggest that there are specific gender differences between men and women who are discharged from the ED after being evaluated for chest pain. In particular, psychological gender differences may exist and need to be addressed when evaluating patients with chest pain.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Hildingsson, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Burnout in Swedish midwives
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 4:3, s. 87-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: In many countries midwives tend to leave their profession. Factors associated with workforce attrition include high workload, stress, poor management and a lack of promotional opportunities. The aim of the study was to investigate Swedish midwives' levels of burnout and their attitudes towards leaving the profession. Method: A random sample of 1000 midwives who are members of the Swedish Midwifery Association were sent a questionnaire. Burnout was measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. In addition the midwives were asked if they had experienced any situation that made them consider leaving their work and to give a comment about the reason. Results: 475 of 978 Eligible midwives (48.6%) returned the questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha values ranged from 0.81 to 0.93 for the burnout subscales. One hundred and eighty four (39.5%) scored high in the subscale Personal burnout, while Work burnout and Client burnout was around 15%. The strongest associations between Burnout and midwives' characteristics were age <40, work and work experience <10. years. One in three midwives had considered leaving the profession. Lack of staff and resources and a stressful work environment was associated with all three subscales of midwives' burnout. Other important explanatory variables were conflict with work mates and/or mangers and worries about the future and own health. Conclusion: More than one third of the midwives included in this survey reported some kind of burnout. Paying attention to midwives work is important in order to maintain a healthy, motivated midwifery workforce that will continue serving women and their families. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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| 40. |
- Hildingsson, I., et al.
(författare)
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Editorial
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 1:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
- Ingelsson, Pernilla, 1968-
(författare)
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Creating a Quality Management Culture : Focusing on Values and Leadership
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When applied successfully, the QM initiatives TQM and Lean enhance an organization´s ability to meet and exceed the expectations of the customers as well as co-workers and other stakeholders. There are however also QM initiatives that fail and one reason for this is the organization’s inability to create a supportive culture, a culture that rests on a number of values which aim at improving the quality and thereby customer satisfaction. Even though this is known by both practitioners and researchers, little has been written on how to achieve a QM culture in practice and there are not many methodologies and tools designed directly with purpose of creating this culture. In addition, the measurements used for monitoring organizational success focus mainly on ‘hard’ process or financial measures such as lead-time reduction and operating income. The purpose of this thesis has been to ‘examine how a strong organizational culture can be created and to contribute with knowledge about how to create and measure a QM culture’. To fulfill this purpose, a number of case studies have been carried out and a questionnaire has been developed in order to measure the presence and importance of a number of QM values.The research presented in this thesis reinforces the fact that culture is an important factor to take into account when applying QM initiatives. A structured way of working with culture and the development of a strategy on how the culture in the organization will be changed is needed. This in combination with methodologies and tools aiming directly at enhancing a QM culture. The research also shows that the relationship between organizational culture, values and behaviors needs to be considered when working to create a strong QM culture. Most of the methodologies and tools found in the case studies aim directly at reinforcing the ‘right’ behaviors in the organization, hence enhancing the underlying values. For instance, the way an organization works with selection, e.g. recruitment and promotion, based on behaviors rather than documented merits is one methodology found in the research. The leadership was found to be important when it came to building or strengthening the culture. Managers are considered key players and need to act as role models, displaying the desired behaviors themselves. The managers need to be present among their co-workers and aware of how their own actions affect the possibility to build a strong QM culture.Another conclusion drawn is the need to measure the ‘softer’ side of QM. One starting point when applying a QM initiative should be the assessment of the existing culture in the organization as a complement to the ‘harder’ measures. The research presented in this thesis suggests that the questionnaire that has been developed could be an appropriate tool for this purpose. If the existing culture in an organization does not support the values within QM, the behaviors of managers and co-workers that are needed to improve quality and thereby customer satisfaction could be hard to achieve.
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| 42. |
- Ingelsson, Pernilla, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring the soft sides of TQM and Lean
- 2010
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Ingår i: 13th QMOD Conference, 31 Aug – 1 Sept 2010 Cottbus, Germany.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to examine TQM and Lean in regards to values and principles, implementation problems and measurements for success. The purpose was also to present an approach to measure organizational culture and values as a part of the implementation strategy for TQM and Lean.Methodology/ApproachLiterature studies were conducted to examine TQM and Lean regarding values and principles, implementation problems and measurements of success. With the literature study as a base a questionnaire with statements about the main principles of Lean was developed to further evolve an existing survey used to measure the values ‘Leadership commitment’ and ‘Participation of everybody’.FindingsThe literature study showed similar problems when implementing Lean and TQM but even though they are said to originate from the same roots it was found that there are some areas within Lean that are not quite so apparent in TQM. Based on the findings the already exciting measurement was extended with these principles with the purpose to create an approach to measure organizational culture.Value of PaperA measurement approach can help managers to measure to what extent the values and principles of TQM and Lean are present within an organization, a prerequisite for achieving world-class quality.
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| 43. |
- Jonas, W., et al.
(författare)
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Newborn skin temperature two days postpartum during breastfeeding related to different labour ward practices
- 2007
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Ingår i: Early Human Development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-3782 .- 1872-6232. ; 83:1, s. 55-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate (1) the skin temperature pattern in newborns two days after birth in connection to breastfeeding and to examine (2) if the administration of epidural analgesia (EDA) and oxytocin (OT) infusion during labour influences this parameter at this point of time. Method: Forty-seven mother-infant pairs were included in the study: nine mothers had received OT stimulation during labour (OT group), 20 mothers had received an EDA and OT during labour (EDA group), while 18 mothers had received neither EDA nor OT stimulation during labour (control group). A skin temperature electrode was attached between the newborn's shoulder blades. The newborn was placed skin-to-skin on the mother's chest and covered with a blanket. The temperature was recorded immediately after the newborn was put on the mother's chest and at 5, 10, 20 and 30 min. Results: The temperature measured when the newborns were put skin-to-skin on their mothers' chest was significantly higher in the infants of the EDA group (35.07 °C) when compared to the control group (34.19 °C, p = 0.025). Skin temperature increased significantly (p = 0.001) during the entire experimental period in the infants belonging to the control group. The same response was observed in infants whose mothers received OT intravenously during labour (p = 0.008). No such rise was observed in infants whose mothers were given an EDA during labour. Conclusion: The results show that the skin temperature in newborns rises when newborns are put skin-to-skin to breastfeed two days postpartum. This effect on temperature may be hampered by medical interventions during labour such as EDA. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
- Jonas, W., et al.
(författare)
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Short- and long-term decrease of blood pressure in women during breastfeeding
- 2008
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Ingår i: Breastfeeding Medicine. - New Rochelle : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1556-8253 .- 1556-8342. ; 3:2, s. 103-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: The benefits of breastfeeding for infants are well known. Recently data have started to emerge showing that breastfeeding may also induce positive effects in the mother. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of maternal blood pressure before, during, and after a breastfeed 2 days postpartum. Additionally, blood pressure during the following 25-week breastfeeding period was investigated. Methods: Sixty-six primiparae with normal deliveries were consecutively recruited. Blood pressure was measured at -5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes in connection with a morning breastfeed. Thirty-three women continued to measure blood pressure before and after breastfeeding for 25 weeks. Results: Blood pressure fell significantly in response to breastfeeding 2 days after birth. The fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure amounted to 8.8 (SD = 11.00) and 7.7 (SD = 9.3) mm Hg, respectively. During the 25-week follow-up period a significant fall of basal blood pressure (systolic, df = 3, F = 7.843, p < 0.001; diastolic, df = 3, F = 5.453, p = 0.002) was observed. The total fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure amounted to a mean of 15 (SD = 10.4) mm Hg and 10 (SD = 9.7) mm Hg, respectively. In addition, blood pressure fell significantly in response to individual breastfeeding sessions during the entire observation period. Conclusions: In conclusion, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures fall during a breastfeeding session, and pre-breastfeeding blood pressure decreases during at least the first 6 months of a breastfeeding period in a homelike environment. This study lends further support to the health-promoting effects of breastfeeding. © 2008 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Karlson, Björn W., 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Prognosis and symptoms one year after discharge from the emergency department in patients with acute chest pain.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Chest. - : American College of Chest Physicians. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 105:5, s. 1442-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A high proportion of patients admitted to a medical emergency department due to chest pain are directly sent home, since the initial suspicion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can be quickly ruled out. AIM: To describe the outcome of such patients during 1 year of follow-up in terms of mortality, development of AMI, and especially severity of symptoms 1 year after discharge. METHODS: All patients who during 21 months were admitted to the medical emergency department at Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden, due to chest pain, and who could be directly sent home, were prospectively followed up for 1 year. Their outcome was compared with patients who had chest pain and were hospitalized for AMI during the same time. RESULTS: Patients with chest pain directly sent home (n = 2,102) had a median age of 52 years (age range, 16 to 96 years), and 54 percent were men. The mortality during 1 year was 3 percent, and 3 percent developed AMI. As compared with patients with AMI, those who were directly sent home less frequently reported various cardiovascular symptoms, with the exception for chest pain at rest and palpitations. On the other hand, various emotional and psychosomatic symptoms were more frequently reported by patients who were directly sent home than by patients with AMI. CONCLUSION: Patients who came to a medical emergency department due to chest pain, and who were sent home, had a low risk of death and development of infarction during the following year. Survivors after 1 year do, however, more frequently report emotional and psychosomatic symptoms than survivors of AMI.
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| 47. |
- Karlson, Björn W., 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Prognosis, severity of symptoms, and aspects of well-being among patients in whom myocardial infarction was ruled out.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Clinical Cardiology. - : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. - 0160-9289 .- 1932-8737. ; 17:8, s. 427-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a high proportion of patients hospitalized due to suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) the diagnosis cannot be confirmed. The majority of these patients have ischemic heart disease and are at risk for subsequent cardiac events. The aim of this study was to describe the severity of symptoms and various aspects of well-being 1 year after hospitalization due to suspected AMI in surviving patients in whom the diagnosis was not confirmed, and to relate the observations to those found among survivors of a confirmed AMI. All patients admitted to Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, due to suspected AMI and who were alive after 1 year were asked to answer a questionnaire including questions regarding cardiovascular, psychiatric, and psychological symptoms. Patients in whom AMI was not confirmed reported more cardiovascular symptoms, for example, chest pain (p < 0.001), dyspnea (p < 0.01), palpitations (p < 0.001), and fatigue (p < 0.01) when compared with patients who suffered confirmed AMI. The majority of psychosomatic and psychological parameters evaluated were also more frequently reported by these patients and their quality of life seems to be worse compared with survivors of AMI.
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| 48. |
- Klint Carlander, A. -K, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of clinical factors and personality on the decision to have a second child. Longitudinal cohort-study of first-time mothers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 93:2, s. 182-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate which factors related to the first birth influence subsequent reproduction within 5 years after the birth. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting University hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Sample Cohort of 547 first-time singleton mothers with a normal pregnancy recruited prospectively of whom 451 women consented to follow-up 5 years later. Methods Data were collected by several questionnaires on sexual, reproductive and childbirth-related factors as well as on personality, postnatal depression, fear of childbirth and contact between mother/child. Medical records were also used. Associations between these factors and having a second child were analyzed using logistic regression. Main outcome measures Women's subsequent reproduction. Results Planning a second child at 9 months postpartum was most important in determining to have a second child. Women who had restored their sex life 9 months after birth and women who had a high score in the personality monotony avoidance scale, were less likely to give birth to a second child. No differences were observed regarding mode of delivery, factors related to birth and having a second child, nor was there an association between postnatal depression, fear of childbirth, a negative birth experience and self-estimated contact with the child and subsequent reproduction. Conclusions Circumstances in relation to the first birth, such as mode of delivery and a negative birth experience, did not affect subsequent reproduction. Planning another child by 9 months after birth was the strongest factor correlated with having a second child. © 2013 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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| 49. |
- Lagrosen, Yvonne, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Approach for measuring health-related quality management
- 2012
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Ingår i: The TQM Journal. - : Emerald. - 1754-2731 .- 1754-274X. ; 24:1, s. 59-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach to measuring health-related quality management based on earlier research on the connection between quality management and employee health. Design/methodology/approach - A questionnaire was developed and a research study was carried out at a manufacturing company. The constructs were tested for internal reliability using Cronbach's alpha tests. The dimensions' correlations with employee health were checked using Pearson correlation. Findings - Three of the dimensions were correlated with the perception of employee health: "presence/ communication" and "integrity" derived from leadership commitment, and "influence" derived from everybody's participation. These findings substantiate earlier studies indicating a relationship between visible, clear leadership and employee health. They are also in line with earlier findings of how the possibilities to influence their own work promote employee health and work ability. The paper provides a proposal as to how managers can proceed in the measurement and evaluation of quality management efforts related to employee health. Research limitations/implications - The research is conducted as a single research study in one industrial manufacturing company. Further research should be conducted in other organizations from different lines of business with the same conditions and in organizations with different conditions. Practical implications - This approach can be used by managers for gaining insight into underlying mechanisms in the organizational culture related to employee health from a quality management perspective. This could lead to improved employee well-being, satisfaction and motivation. It could be used as a first step for improvements when implementing health-related quality management "to break the ice" and it could be followed up by qualitative methods. Originality/value - Traditional ways of measuring health are rarely connected to quality management. Only requiring small resources, this approach to measuring health-related quality management can add to an understanding of underlying mechanisms.
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| 50. |
- Larsson, C., et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of blood loss after cesarean section and vaginal delivery has low validity with a tendency to exaggeration
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 85:12, s. 1448-1452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Excessive bleeding is one of the major threats to women at childbirth. The aim of this study was to validate estimation of blood loss during delivery. Methods. Bleeding was estimated after 29 elective cesarean sections and 26 vaginal deliveries and compared to blood loss measured by extraction of hemoglobin using the alkaline hematin method, according to Newton. Results. Inter-individual agreement of estimation showed good results. Estimated loss in comparison with measured loss resulted in an over-estimation. In vaginally delivered women, there was no correlation between estimated and measured blood loss (r2=0.13), and in women delivered by elective cesarean section, the correlation was moderate (r2=0.55). Agreement, according to Bland and Altman, indicated that measured blood loss could vary from 570 ml less to 342 ml more than estimated blood loss. Conclusions. The standard procedure of estimation of obstetric bleeding was found to be unreliable. In this study, blood loss was over-estimated in cesareans. In vaginal deliveries, there seemed to be no correlation. Estimated blood loss as a quality indicator or as a variable in studies comparing complications must be used with caution. For clinical purposes, estimation of blood loss and measurement of post partum hemoglobin is of low value and may lead to the wrong conclusions. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
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