| 1. |
- Canto Moreira, Nuno, et al.
(författare)
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Visualization of the Fetal Lip and Palate: Is Brain-Targeted MRI Reliable?
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1055-6656 .- 1545-1569. ; 50:5, s. 513-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the ability of brain-targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the anatomy of the fetal upper lip and palate. Design Two independent readers made a blind retrospective review of 60 brain-targeted MRIs of fetuses from 20 to 38 gestational weeks (GW). Fifty-five MRIs were normal and five had orofacial anomalies, including one isolated cleft lip and four cleft lip and palate. Both normal and cleft MRIs had postnatal confirmation. The upper lip, primary palate, secondary palate, and nasal septum were scored into four levels, from evidently normal to evidently abnormal. In case of a suspected pathology, the readers attempted a diagnosis. Setting Collaboration between a university hospital and a large private practice MRI center. Results Interobserver agreement (weighted kappa) was 0.79 for the upper lip, 0.70 for the primary palate, 0.86 for the secondary palate, and 0.90 for the nasal septum. The scoring levels of the readers did not change significantly across gestational age. Normality was correctly scored in 96% to 100% of the normal lips and primary palates and in 93% to 97% of the normal secondary palates depending on the reader. A deviated septum was only scored in two fetuses with unilateral cleft palates. The readers identified all pathological cases. Conclusion Brain-targeted fetal MRI in experienced hands seems to be highly accurate for the evaluation of the lip and palate in fetuses above 20 GW, regardless of gestational age. The assessment of the secondary palate may be slightly more limited than the lip or primary palate.
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| 2. |
- Claesson, Julia, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and Analysis of Flow of Concentrated Fiber Suspensions through a 2-D Sudden Expansion Using UVP
- 2013
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Ingår i: AICHE Journal. - : Wiley. - 1547-5905 .- 0001-1541. ; 59:3, s. 1012-1021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ultrasound velocity profiling technique (UVP) was used to study flow structures after a two-dimensional (2-D) 1: 11 sudden expansion of pulp fiber suspensions at varied average velocities (1-2.2 m/s) and concentrations (1.8 and 2.8 wt %). One advantage of studying jet geometry is the potential to investigate the main flow structures away from walls. Measurements done at the same percent of the total jet length, at constant concentration, show that an increase in flow rate gave a faster decrease in centerline velocity and a quicker increase in jet width. Increasing the concentration, at the same jet length, the centerline velocity was more stable and the width of the mixing layer increased more rapidly. Comparisons with CFD simulations in the laminar regime, using the Bingham plastic model, show that the main flow structures were captured if the yield stress used in the simulations is approximately 20% of the measured using a rheometer.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jotanovic, Jelena, et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Distinct Patterns Between the Invasive and Noninvasive Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the Endocrine Society. - : The Endocrine Society. - 2472-1972. ; 8:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although most pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs)/pituitary adenomas remain intrasellar, a significant proportion of tumors show parasellar invasive growth and 6% to 8% infiltrate the bone structures, thus affecting the prognosis. There is an unmet need to identify novel markers that can predict the parasellar growth of PitNETs. Furthermore, mechanisms that regulate bone invasiveness of PitNETs and factors related to tumor vascularization are largely unknown.We used genome-wide mRNA analysis in a cohort of 77 patients with PitNETs of different types to explore the differences in gene expression patterns between invasive and noninvasive tumors with respect to the parasellar growth and regarding the rare phenomenon of bone invasiveness. Additionally, we studied the genes correlated to the contrast enhancement quotient, a novel radiological parameter of tumor vascularization.Most of the genes differentially expressed related to the parasellar growth were genes involved in tumor invasiveness. Differentially expressed genes associated with bone invasiveness are involved in NF-kappa B pathway and antitumoral immune response. Lack of clear clustering regarding the parasellar and bone invasiveness may be explained by the influence of the cell lineage-related genes in this heterogeneous cohort of PitNETs.Our transcriptomics analysis revealed differences in the molecular fingerprints between invasive, including bone invasive, and noninvasive PitNETs, although without clear clustering. The contrast enhancement quotient emerged as a radiological parameter of tumor vascularization, correlating with several angiogenesis-related genes. Several of the top genes related to the PitNET invasiveness and vascularization have potential prognostic and therapeutic application requiring further research.
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| 6. |
- Kumari, Neha, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling Process Bus Communication for Digital Substations Using 5G Wireless System
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, PIMRC.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital substations (DS) became a large evolutionary advancement for electrical substations with introduction of IEC 61850 communication protocol due to minimized digital and control infrastructure involved. However, maintenance cost and simplicity can further be improved if wired communication between the control room and switchyard is complemented or substituted with a wireless solution. Wireless connectivity can bring benefits to both brown- and greenfield installations, to avoid cumbersome and expensive cable trenching or be used as a redundancy solution. Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) technology developed in 5G networks promises support in this field. This paper presents performance results for 4G and 5G wireless systems enabling communication between switch yard and control room in digital substations. Evaluations of a 4G LTE Rel. 13 system was performed by measurements in lab environment and the performance of a 5G new radio (NR) network at the substation coexisting with surrounding macro network is done with system level simulations. Results of the tests and evaluations demonstrate the limitations of 4G LTE Rel. 13 connectivity, as well as capabilities to fulfill the communication needs in substation case using 5G NR system.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sohlberg, Sara, 1977-
(författare)
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Placental Function : An Epidemiological and Magnetic Resonance Study
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Placental function is central for normal pregnancy and in many of the major pregnancy disorders. We used magnetic resonance imaging techniques to investigate placental function in normal pregnancy, in early and late preeclampsia and in intrauterine growth restriction. We also investigated maternal body mass index and height, as risk factors for preeclampsia.A high body mass index and a short maternal stature increase the risk of preeclampsia, of all severities. The association seems especially strong between short stature and early preeclampsia, and a high body mass index and late preeclampsia. (Study I)Using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, we found that the placental perfusion fraction decreases with increasing gestational age in normal pregnancy. Also, the placental perfusion fraction is smaller in early preeclampsia, and larger in late preeclampsia, compared with normal pregnancies. That these differences are in opposite directions, suggests that there are differences in the underlying pathophysiology of early and late preeclampsia. (Study II)Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we found that the phosphodiester spectral intensity fraction and the phosphodiester/phosphomonoester spectral intensity ratio increases with increasing gestational age. Also, we found that the phosphodiester spectral intensity fraction and the phosphodiester/phosphomonoester spectral intensity ratio are higher in early preeclampsia, compared with early normal pregnancy. These findings indicate increased apoptosis with increasing gestational age in normal pregnancy, and increased apoptosis in early preeclampsia. (Study III)The placental perfusion fraction is smaller in intrauterine growth restriction than in normal pregnancy. Fetal growth, Doppler blood flow in maternal and fetal vessels, infant birth weight and plasma markers of placental function are all correlated to the placental perfusion fraction. The placental perfusion fraction examination seems therefore to offer a fast, direct estimate of the degree of placental dysfunction. (Study IV)In conclusion: Our findings in studies I-III all support the hypothesis of partly different pathophysiology between early and late preeclampsia, and suggest a strong link between early preeclampsia and placental dysfunction. Study IV shows that the placental perfusion fraction has potential to contribute to the clinical assessment of placental dysfunction.
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