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- Eklund, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Comment on "Pulsed laser deposition and properties of M(n+1)AX(x) phase formulated Ti3SiC2 thin films''
- 2004
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Ingår i: Tribology letters. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1023-8883 .- 1573-2711. ; 17:4, s. 977-978
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A recent paper by Hu et al. claimed synthesis of the MAX-phase Ti3SiC2 at 100 - 300 degreesC using pulsed laser deposition. In this comment, we find that the evidence presented by Hu et al. is insufficient to show Ti3SiC2 formation. In fact, there is a simpler interpretation of their results from X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, namely that the material produced is a cubic TiC-based compound.
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- Pekny, M., et al.
(författare)
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Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) in Blood-A Biomarker Predicting Unfavourable Outcome in the Acute Phase and Improvement in the Late Phase after Stroke
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cells. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4409. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased sensitivity of methods assessing the levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), a neuron-specific intermediate filament protein, in human plasma or serum, has in recent years led to a number of studies addressing the utility of monitoring NfL in the blood of stroke patients. In this review, we discuss that elevated blood NfL levels after stroke may reflect several different neurobiological processes. In the acute and post-acute phase after stroke, high blood levels of NfL are associated with poor clinical outcome, and later on, the blood levels of NfL positively correlate with secondary neurodegeneration as assessed by MRI. Interestingly, increased blood levels of NfL in individuals who survived stroke for more than 10 months were shown to predict functional improvement in the late phase after stroke. Whereas in the acute phase after stroke the injured axons are assumed to be the main source of blood NfL, synaptic turnover and secondary neurodegeneration could be major contributors to blood NfL levels in the late phase after stroke. Elevated blood NfL levels after stroke should therefore be interpreted with caution. More studies addressing the clinical utility of blood NfL assessment in stroke patients are needed before the inclusion of NfL in the clinical workout as a useful biomarker in both the acute and the chronic phase after stroke.
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- Scherfer, C, et al.
(författare)
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Isolation and characterization of hemolymph clotting factors in Drosophila melanogaster by a pullout method
- 2004
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Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 14:7, s. 625-629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clotting is critical in limiting loss of hemolymph and initiating wound healing in insects as well as in vertebrates [1]. Clotting is also an important immune defense, quickly forming a secondary barrier to infection, thereby immobilizing, and possibly killing bacteria directly [2, 3]. Here, we describe methods to assess clotting and to extract the clot from Drosophila larval hemolymph by using aggregation of paramagnetic beads. The validity of the assay was demonstrated by characterization of mutants. We show that clotting occurs in the absence of phenoloxidase and that the Drosophila clot binds bacteria. We also describe a pullout assay to purify the clot as a whole, free from entrapped hemocytes and cellular debris. Proteins subsequently identified by mass spectrometry include both predicted and novel clot proteins. Immune induction has been shown for three of the latter, namely Tiggrin and two unknown proteins (GC15825 and CG15293) [4,5] that we now propose function in hemolymph clotting. The most abundant clot protein is Hemolectin [6], and we confirm that hemolectin mutant larvae show clotting defects.
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- Wilhelmsson, O., et al.
(författare)
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Deposition and characterization of ternary thin films within the Ti-Al-C system by DC magnetron sputtering
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Crystal Growth. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0248 .- 1873-5002. ; 291:1, s. 290-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of ternary compounds within the Ti-Al-C system was studied by magnetron sputtering for thin-film deposition and first-principles calculations for phase stability. As-deposited films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hardness and Young's moduli of the material were studied by nanoindentation. Epitaxial and phase-pure films of Mn+1AXn phases Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC as well as the perovskite phase Ti3AlC were deposited on Al2O3(00l) wafers kept at temperatures between 800 and 900 °C. The only ternary phases observed at low temperatures (300 °C) were Ti3AlC and cubic (Ti,Al)C, the latter can be described as a metastable solid solution of Al in TiC similar to the more studied (Ti,Al)N system. The difficulties to form MAX phases at low substrate temperatures were attributed of requirement for a sufficient diffusivity to partition the elements corresponding to the relatively complex crystal structures with long c-axes. While MAX-phase synthesis at 800 °C is significantly lower than contemporary bulk sintering processes, a reduction of the substrate temperature towards 300 °C in the present thin-film deposition experiments resulted in stacking sequence variations and the intergrowth of (Ti,Al)C. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 14. |
- Wilhelmsson, O, et al.
(författare)
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Deposition of Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 epitaxial films by magnetron sputtering
- 2004
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Ingår i: Applied Physical Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 85:6, s. 1066-1068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin films of the M(n+1)AX(n)-phases Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 have been deposited by dc magnetron sputtering. In agreement with the Ti-Si-C system, the MAX-phase nucleation is strongly temperature dependent. At 900 degreesC epitaxial films of Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 were grown, but at 700 degreesC only a cubic (Ti,Al)C phase was formed. In addition, a perovskite carbide, Ti3AlC was grown at 800 degreesC. A bulk resistivity of 0.51 muOmega m, 0.44 muOmega m, and 1.4 muOmega m was measured for the Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, and Ti3AlC films deposited at 900 degreesC, respectively. By nanoindentation the hardness and Young's module was determined for an epitaxial Ti3AlC2 film to 20 GPa and 260 GPa, respectively.
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| 15. |
- Wilhelmsson, O., et al.
(författare)
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Structural, electrical and mechanical characterization of magnetron-sputtered V-Ge-C thin films
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 56:11, s. 2563-2569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- V2GeC MAX-phase thin films were deposited by DC magnetron sputter epitaxy in the temperature range 450-850 °C. The MAX-phase nucleates directly on (0 0 0 l)-oriented sapphire-wafer substrates without the need for a seed layer. The films contain, however, a small fraction of binary vanadium carbide (VCx) inclusions. X-ray diffraction analysis furthermore shows that these inclusions partly consist of the ordered superstructure V8C7. The amount of Ge in the films decreases at higher temperatures, which can be attributed to Ge evaporation. At temperatures below 450 °C the films consist of polycrystalline Ge and an X-ray amorphous carbide phase attributed to VCx or V2C. No MAX-phase was observed in this temperature region. The electrical and mechanical properties of the films were characterized. © 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.
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