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- Kowal, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Data resource profile : the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 41:6, s. 1639-1649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Population ageing is rapidly becoming a global issue and will have a major impact on health policies and programmes. The World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) aims to address the gap in reliable data and scientific knowledge on ageing and health in low- and middle-income countries. SAGE is a longitudinal study with nationally representative samples of persons aged 50+ years in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa, with a smaller sample of adults aged 18-49 years in each country for comparisons. Instruments are compatible with other large high-income country longitudinal ageing studies. Wave 1 was conducted during 2007-2010 and included a total of 34 124 respondents aged 50+ and 8340 aged 18-49. In four countries, a subsample consisting of 8160 respondents participated in Wave 1 and the 2002/04 World Health Survey (referred to as SAGE Wave 0). Wave 2 data collection will start in 2012/13, following up all Wave 1 respondents. Wave 3 is planned for 2014/15. SAGE is committed to the public release of study instruments, protocols and meta- and micro-data: access is provided upon completion of a Users Agreement available through WHO's SAGE website (www.who.int/healthinfo/systems/sage) and WHO's archive using the National Data Archive application (http://apps.who.int/healthinfo/systems/surveydata).
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| 2. |
- Streatfield, P Kim, et al.
(författare)
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HIV/AIDS-related mortality in Africa and Asia : evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites
- 2014
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : CoAction Publishing. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: As the HIV/AIDS pandemic has evolved over recent decades, Africa has been the most affected region, even though a large proportion of HIV/AIDS deaths have not been documented at the individual level. Systematic application of verbal autopsy (VA) methods in defined populations provides an opportunity to assess the mortality burden of the pandemic from individual data.OBJECTIVE: To present standardised comparisons of HIV/AIDS-related mortality at sites across Africa and Asia, including closely related causes of death such as pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and pneumonia.DESIGN: Deaths related to HIV/AIDS were extracted from individual demographic and VA data from 22 INDEPTH sites across Africa and Asia. VA data were standardised to WHO 2012 standard causes of death assigned using the InterVA-4 model. Between-site comparisons of mortality rates were standardised using the INDEPTH 2013 standard population.RESULTS: The dataset covered a total of 10,773 deaths attributed to HIV/AIDS, observed over 12,204,043 person-years. HIV/AIDS-related mortality fractions and mortality rates varied widely across Africa and Asia, with highest burdens in eastern and southern Africa, and lowest burdens in Asia. There was evidence of rapidly declining rates at the sites with the heaviest burdens. HIV/AIDS mortality was also strongly related to PTB mortality. On a country basis, there were strong similarities between HIV/AIDS mortality rates at INDEPTH sites and those derived from modelled estimates.CONCLUSIONS: Measuring HIV/AIDS-related mortality continues to be a challenging issue, all the more so as anti-retroviral treatment programmes alleviate mortality risks. The congruence between these results and other estimates adds plausibility to both approaches. These data, covering some of the highest mortality observed during the pandemic, will be an important baseline for understanding the future decline of HIV/AIDS.
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| 4. |
- Ng, Nawi, et al.
(författare)
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Does education modify the association between self-rated health and mortality among older people in Indonesia?
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEA World Congress of Epidemiology, 7–11 August 2011, Edinburgh International Conference Centre, Edinburgh, Scotland. - : BMJ. ; , s. A438-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Evidences on whether poor self-reported health (SRH) predicts subsequent mortality across different socio-economic groups are inconsistent. This study assesses whether education modifies how poor SRH influences mortality among older people in Indonesia. Methods: A cohort of 11 753 men and women aged 50 years and over was recruited in the INDEPTH/WHO Study on Adult Health and Global Ageing (SAGE) in Purworejo Health and Demographic Surveillance (HDSS) site in 2007. SRH was measured using the single global SRH question with 5-point response scales (very good, good, moderate=moderately good SRH; bad, very bad=poor SRH). The baseline data were linked to the HDSS mortality data in 2010. HR for mortality was calculated for poor SRH using Cox proportional hazard regression after adjustment for age, education levels, age, marital status, living area, history of chronic diseases, and presence of disabilities. Results: During follow-up (median duration=37 months), 1199 deaths (10.2%) and 1.9% lost to follow-up were identified. Poor SRH increased the mortality risk in men (HR 3.59, 95% CI 1.96 to 6.57) and women (HR 3.16, 1.12 to 8.90). Education levels were not associated with mortality risk. The association between poor SRH and mortality did not differ across education groups, neither in men nor in women. Presence of disabilities, history of chronic diseases, and living alone increased the mortality risk. Conclusion: Poor SRH predicts mortality among older population in Indonesia. Education does not modify the association between poor SRH and mortality. Health promotion in the general population is important for the reduction of the mortality risk among older people.
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| 5. |
- Streatfield, P. Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Malaria mortality in Africa and Asia : evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites
- 2014
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 7, s. 25369-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Malaria continues to be a major cause of infectious disease mortality in tropical regions. However, deaths from malaria are most often not individually documented, and as a result overall understanding of malaria epidemiology is inadequate. INDEPTH Network members maintain population surveillance in Health and Demographic Surveillance System sites across Africa and Asia, in which individual deaths are followed up with verbal autopsies.OBJECTIVE: To present patterns of malaria mortality determined by verbal autopsy from INDEPTH sites across Africa and Asia, comparing these findings with other relevant information on malaria in the same regions.DESIGN: From a database covering 111,910 deaths over 12,204,043 person-years in 22 sites, in which verbal autopsy data were handled according to the WHO 2012 standard and processed using the InterVA-4 model, over 6,000 deaths were attributed to malaria. The overall period covered was 1992-2012, but two-thirds of the observations related to 2006-2012. These deaths were analysed by site, time period, age group and sex to investigate epidemiological differences in malaria mortality.RESULTS: Rates of malaria mortality varied by 1:10,000 across the sites, with generally low rates in Asia (one site recording no malaria deaths over 0.5 million person-years) and some of the highest rates in West Africa (Nouna, Burkina Faso: 2.47 per 1,000 person-years). Childhood malaria mortality rates were strongly correlated with Malaria Atlas Project estimates of Plasmodium falciparum parasite rates for the same locations. Adult malaria mortality rates, while lower than corresponding childhood rates, were strongly correlated with childhood rates at the site level.CONCLUSIONS: The wide variations observed in malaria mortality, which were nevertheless consistent with various other estimates, suggest that population-based registration of deaths using verbal autopsy is a useful approach to understanding the details of malaria epidemiology.
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