| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Dujon, B, et al.
(författare)
-
The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XV
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 387:6632, s. 98-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromosome XV was one of the last two chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to be discovered(1). It is the third-largest yeast chromosome after chromosomes XII and IV, and is very similar in size to chromosome VII. It alone represents 9% of the yeast genome (8% if ribosomal DNA is included). When systematic sequencing of chromosome XV was started, 93 genes or markers were identified, and most of them were mapped(2). However, very little else was known about chromosome XV which, in contrast to shorter chromosomes, had not been the object of comprehensive genetic or molecular analysis. It was therefore decided to start sequencing chromosome XV only in the third phase of the European Yeast Genome Sequencing Programme, after experience was gained on chromosomes III, XI and II (refs 3-5). The sequence of chromosome XV has been determined from a set of partly overlapping cosmid clones derived from a unique yeast strain, and physically mapped at 3.3-kilobase resolution before sequencing. As well as numerous new open reading frames (ORFs) and genes encoding tRNA or small RNA molecules, the sequence of 1,091,283 base pairs confirms the high proportion of orphan genes and reveals a number of ancestral and successive duplications with other yeast chromosomes.
|
|
| 3. |
- Björk, Göran, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Bathymetry and deep-water exchange across the central Lomonosov Ridge at 88°-89°N
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Deep-Sea Research I. - : Elsevier BV. ; 54, s. 1197-1208
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seafloor mapping of the central Lomonosov Ridge using a multibeam echo-sounder during the Beringia/Healy–Oden Trans-Arctic Expedition (HOTRAX) 2005 shows that a channel across the ridge has a substantially shallower sill depth than the 2500 m indicated in present bathymetric maps. The multibeam survey along the ridge crest shows a maximum sill depth of about 1870 m. A previously hypothesized exchange of deep water from the Amundsen Basin to the Makarov Basin in this area is not confirmed. On the contrary, evidence of a deep-water flow from the Makarov to the Amundsen Basin was observed, indicating the existence of a new pathway for Canadian Basin Deep Water toward the Atlantic Ocean. Sediment data show extensive current activity along the ridge crest and along the rim of a local Intra Basin within the ridge structure.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Björk, Göran, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
The deep waters of the Eurasian Basin, Arctic Ocean: Geothermal heat flow, mixing and renewal
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-0637. ; 53:7, s. 1253-1271
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrographic observations from four separate expeditions to the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean between 1991 and 2001 show a 300-700 m thick homogenous bottom layer. The layer is characterized by slightly warmer temperature compared to ambient, overlying water masses, with a mean layer thickness of 500 +/- 100 m and a temperature surplus of 7.0 +/- 2 x 10(-3) degrees C. The layer is present in the deep central parts of the Nansen and Amundsen Basins away from continental slopes and ocean ridges and is spatially coherent across the interior parts of the deep basins. Here we show that the layer is most likely formed by convection induced by geothermal heat supplied from Earth's interior. Data from 1991 to 1996 indicate that the layer was in a quasi steady state where the geothermal heat supply was balanced by heat exchange with a colder boundary. After 1996 there is evidence of a reformation of the layer in the Amundsen Basin after a water exchange. Simple numerical calculations show that it is possible to generate a layer similar to the one observed in 2001 in 4-5 years, starting from initial profiles with no warm homogeneous bottom layer. Limited hydrographic observations from 2001 indicate that the entire deep-water column in the Amundsen Basin is warmer compared to earlier years. We argue that this is due to a major deep-water renewal that occurred between 1996 and 2001. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Omstedt, Anders, 1949, et al.
(författare)
-
Baltic Sea climate: 200 yr of data on air temperature, sea level variation, ice cover, and atmospheric circulation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Climate Research. - 0936-577X. ; 25:3, s. 205-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relevant observed time series for the Baltic Sea region from the last 2 centuries were used to investigate climate variations and trends. These time series were: Stockholm air temperature and magnitude of seasonal temperature cycle, Stockholm sea level data, Baltic Sea maximum ice cover, and circulation types based on regional air pressure data. The definition of climate was analysed by considering how each parameter varies with the time scale. We found that 90 % of the variance was for time scales shorter than 15 yr, the period then used as the climate-averaging time for all studied parameters. The results indicate positive trends for air temperature, sea level, and frequencies of anti-cyclonic circulation and westerly wind types over the last 200 yr. Negative trends were found for the magnitude of seasonal temperature cycle, sea-ice cover, and frequency of southwesterly wind. The major climate changes of the late 19 th century were probably associated with the end of the 'Little Ice Age' and characterized by an unusual high frequency of cyclonic circulation. In the 20 th century, pronounced positive trends were observed in sea level variation and anti-cyclonic circulation. In the most recent studied climate period (1985-2000), air temperature and sea level climate anomalies were positive and lay outside the range of last 200 yr normal variations. The study indicates that increased frequencies of anti-cyclonic circulation and westerly winds have resulted in a slightly warmer climate with reduced seasonal amplitude and reduced ice cover. Thereby, we support the hypothesis that the long-term climate change in the Baltic Sea region is at least partly related to changes in the atmospheric circulation.
|
|
| 9. |
- Rudels, B., et al.
(författare)
-
The interaction between waters from the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas north of Fram Strait and along the East Greenland Current: results from the Arctic Ocean-02 Oden expedition
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Marine Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-7963. ; 55:1-2, s. 1-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spring 2002, the Swedish icebreaker Oden conducted an extensive oceanographic survey of the East Greenland Current from north of Fram Strait to South of Denmark Strait as a part of the Arctic Ocean 2002 programme to study the Nordic Seas, while RV Knorr of Woods Hole worked in the ice-free parts. The Oden survey concentrated on water mass formation in ice covered water and the interactions between the water of the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas. The CTD observations made on Oden are presented by following the Oden cruise track. They describe all major, and many of the more subtle, mixing processes occurring in the Arctic Mediterranean Sea. In Storfjorden, ice formation and brine rejection had created the highest bottom salinities observed in the last 20 years. The Atlantic Water (AW) entering the Arctic Ocean close to Svalbard was cooled and freshened down to 600 m implying that dense, brine enriched shelf water from the northern Svalbard shelf had convected into the Atlantic core. The upper part of the Atlantic Water was cooled by heat loss to the atmosphere and to ice melt. About 30% of the heat went to ice melt leading to a less saline upper layer that eventually forms the embryo of the Arctic Ocean halocline water. North of the Yermak Plateau Atlantic Water as well as Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) and Nordic Seas Deep Water (NDW) were seen to enter the Arctic Ocean. North of 81 degrees N the Arctic Ocean water masses dominated west of 0 degrees E, while recirculating waters from the south were observed first at 79 degrees N. The properties of the intermediate and deep waters exiting the Arctic Ocean in the East Greenland Current changed considerably from Fram Strait to the Greenland Sea indicating interactions with recirculating waters. The salinity of the Polar Surface Water (PSW) increased from Fram Strait to Denmark Strait but the thickness of the low salinity upper layer also increased and the freshwater content appeared to be conserved. The Denmark Strait overflow plume was stratified and several of the different water masses present at the sill in Denmark Strait at the Oden crossing could contribute to the overflow. Arctic Atlantic Water (AAW) and Recirculating Atlantic Water (RAW) as well as Polar Intermediate Water (PIW) would supply the less dense part, while the ultimate origin of densest component of the overflow, found at the Iceland side of the trench, still is an open question. The low salinity lid found on top of the overflow plume in the Irminger Sea suggests that entrainment of ambient water into the overflow plume was small. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 10. |
- Scherer, SW, et al.
(författare)
-
Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Science (New York, N.Y.). - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 300:5620, s. 767-772
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA sequence and annotation of the entire human chromosome 7, encompassing nearly 158 million nucleotides of DNA and 1917 gene structures, are presented. To generate a higher order description, additional structural features such as imprinted genes, fragile sites, and segmental duplications were integrated at the level of the DNA sequence with medical genetic data, including 440 chromosome rearrangement breakpoints associated with disease. This approach enabled the discovery of candidate genes for developmental diseases including autism.
|
|
| 11. |
- Winsor, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Baltic Sea ocean climate: An analysis of 100 yr of hydrographic data with focus on the freshwater budget
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Climate Research. - 0936-577X .- 1616-1572. ; 18:1-2, s. 5-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Baltic Sea climate is analysed based upon long-term oceanographic measurements. The objective of the work is to study the natural variability of present day climate with focus on the freshwater budget. The results are designed to be used for validation of climate models and for discrimination of the significance of modelled climate change scenarios. Almost 100 yr of observations are used in the study, including data for river runoff, water exchange through the Danish Straits (as calculated from river runoff and from sea level data from the Kattegat), salinity data from the Baltic Sea and the Kattegat, and oxygen content in the deep Baltic Sea. The analyses illustrate that freshwater supply to the Baltic shows large variations on time scales up to several decades. The long-term variations in freshwater storage are closely correlated to accumulated changes in river runoff. This indicates strong positive feedback between the amount of outflowing surface water from the Baltic Sea and the salinity of the inflowing Kattegat water. One implication of the study is that climate control simulations must cover several decades, probably up to 100 yr in order to capture the natural variability of present day climate. Also, models designed to study climate change for the Baltic Sea probably need to start integrating from the present day.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
