| 1. |
- Carmona-Gutierrez, D, et al.
(author)
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The flavonoid 4,4'-dimethoxychalcone promotes autophagy-dependent longevity across species
- 2019
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In: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 651-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ageing constitutes the most important risk factor for all major chronic ailments, including malignant, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, behavioural and pharmacological interventions with feasible potential to promote health upon ageing remain rare. Here we report the identification of the flavonoid 4,4′-dimethoxychalcone (DMC) as a natural compound with anti-ageing properties. External DMC administration extends the lifespan of yeast, worms and flies, decelerates senescence of human cell cultures, and protects mice from prolonged myocardial ischaemia. Concomitantly, DMC induces autophagy, which is essential for its cytoprotective effects from yeast to mice. This pro-autophagic response induces a conserved systemic change in metabolism, operates independently of TORC1 signalling and depends on specific GATA transcription factors. Notably, we identify DMC in the plant Angelica keiskei koidzumi, to which longevity- and health-promoting effects are ascribed in Asian traditional medicine. In summary, we have identified and mechanistically characterised the conserved longevity-promoting effects of a natural anti-ageing drug.
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| 2. |
- Mosiichuk, N., et al.
(author)
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Uricemia in juvenile pigs model : Effect of nephrectomy and potassium oxonate
- 2019
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In: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. - : The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS. - 1230-1388. ; 28:3, s. 254-262
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Uric acid is the end product of dietary and endogenous purine metabolism in humans and higher primates. In all lower mammalian species it is converted to allantoin by liver uricase. The aim of this study was to investigate the uric acid turnover in pig model after nephrectomy surgery, fructose-enriched diet and potassium oxonate application. The first experiment was performed using 4 intact control pigs and 8 nephrectomized (5/6 nephrectomy) pigs. Both groups were fed high-fat diet enriched with 20% of fructose for 3 weeks. During the second experiment, as another approach to induce hyperuricemia, potassium oxonate solution (POx) was administered intravenously to 4 healthy pigs, once or twice per day. In the third preliminary experiment one healthy and two nephrectomized (9/10 nephrectomy) pigs were infused with POx to induce hyperuricemia. Results showed that 5/6 nephrecotomy did not affect plasma uric acid concentration for 25 days following surgery. The consumption of the high-fat diet enriched with 20% of fructose did not result in the rise of plasma uric acid, either in healthy or nephrectomized pigs. Administration of POx solution to healthy and 9/10 nephrectomized pigs resulted in significantly increased plasma uric acid concentrations for 18 h and 24 h, respectively, following a single POx infusion. The present study expands today available data on uric acid metabolism in pigs as a model for exploring uricemia in human with kidney dysfunction.
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| 3. |
- Sommer, G., et al.
(author)
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Biomechanical Properties Of The Human Ventricular Myocardium
- 2013
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In: Biomedizinische Technik (Berlin. Zeitschrift). - : Walter de Gruyter. - 1862-278X .- 0013-5585. ; 58:(Suppl. 1)
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the multidisciplinary field of heart research it is of utmost importance, for the description of phenomena such as mechano-electric feedback or heart wall thickening, to accurately identify the biomechanical properties of the myocardium. Hence, this study aims at determining biaxial tensile and triaxial shear properties of the passive human myocardium. This novel combination of biaxial and shear testing, together with the investigation of the myocardial microstructure, yields new innovative and essential information of the material properties to fulfil the short term goals of constructing realistic myocardial models. Through such modeling efforts, capable to capture the biomechanical behaviour of the heart, it is possible to improve some methods of medical treatment, and hence the quality of life for people suffering from heart diseases - at least as a long-term goal.
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