| 1. |
- Edvardsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of ≥80-year-old individuals into healthy, moderately healthy, and frail based on different frailty scores affects the interpretation of laboratory results
- 2022
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Ingår i: Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Nepal Journals Online (NepJOL). - 2467-9100 .- 2091-0576. ; 13:9, s. 63-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Interpretation laboratory analyses are crucial when assessing the patient’s condition. Reference intervals from apparently healthy and disease-free individuals may cause problems when outcomes from elderly patients with chronic diseases and on medications are being interpreted. Elderly individuals are a heterogeneous group ranging from individuals managing their daily life independently to individuals with diseases and impairment, in need of nursing care around the clock, that is, frail; a term widely used although there is no consensus on the definition.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the effect of classification of elderly into healthy, moderately healthy, and frail, based on activities of daily living (ADL) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or frailty index (FI), on the interpretation of outcomes regarding: Albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) levels.Materials and Methods: Individuals ≥80 years (n=568) were classified either on ADL and MMSE or number of deficits, (FI).Results: Individuals classified as frail based on FI had lower mean levels for ALT, creatinine and γ-GT than individuals classified based on ADL and MMSE (P<0.05).Conclusion: The model to define health status to some extent affected laboratory analyte levels in ≥80 years old, classified as healthy, moderately healthy, and frail based on ADL and MMSE versus FI.
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| 2. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Development, concurrent validity and internal consistency of a simulator tool for assessing continued car driving after a brain injury/disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:9, s. 544-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionBeyond relevant cognitive tests, a simulated driving activity could be useful to observe performance and behaviour in a standardized ‘driving-like’ situation and provide information on attention, reaction time and information processing speed when evaluating the ability to continue driving after a brain injury or disease. The aim was to develop and evaluate concurrent validity and internal consistency of a computerized simulated driving task tool.MethodsResults from a new tool (CyberSiM, including three subtests and four result variables) were compared with results from the Trail Making Test, Useful Field of View test and Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment. There were 126 healthy adults included in the study.ResultsThe correlation analysis showed significant correlations (p<0.001) for CyberSiM reaction time and all cognitive tests except for Useful Field of View 1. The CyberSiM showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha=0.85.ConclusionThe analysis of concurrent validity showed conformity to most cognitive tests. CyberSiM might be a useful complement to cognitive testing with the opportunity to observe some behaviours ‘in a driving-like activity’. Further studies on clinical groups are needed to confirm its usefulness.
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| 3. |
- Selander, Helena, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive prerequisites for fitness to drive: Norm values for the TMT, UFOV and NorSDSA tests
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 27:3, s. 231-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Fitness-to-drive assessment is a growing area for occupational therapists. There are few off-road tests specially developed to assess fitness to drive, and several cognitive tests have no age-specific norms. Aims/objectives: The aim was to identify and describe age-related norm values for the Trail Making Test, Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment and Useful Field of View test, and to study inter-correlation between test results. Materials and methods: The sample included 410 volunteers; 149 men and 261 women, mean age 52 +/- 16.8 years. Commonly used off-road tests were used: TMT A and B, UFOV and NorSDSA. Results: Normative data for the specific subtests and total score for NorSDSA and UFOV are provided and presented in four age groups. Age correlated with the results for most of the subtests. Conclusions: Off-road cognitive test scores are necessary and valuable for occupational therapists in their contribution to the final decision on continued driving. In clinical practice, it can be difficult to interpret cognitive test results when working with driving assessments. Age-based norm values are suggested to be a way to provide clinicians with a benchmark against which scores can be compared. Significance: Age-based norms can guide occupational therapists working with fitness to drive.
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| 4. |
- Wressle, Ewa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers and bridges to client-centred occupational therapy in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 11:1, s. 12-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates barriers to client-centred practice and solutions to overcome these barriers as experienced by Swedish occupational therapists. A British questionnaire was translated into Swedish and completed by 97 occupational therapists. The questionnaire consists of three sections: background information, a list of barriers identified in a literature review, and a list of methods to resolve barriers. The results show that the highest ranked barrier was "the therapist does not know enough about client-centred practice". The highest ranked method to resolve barriers was "management and peer support for use of client-centred practice". Introducing client-centred practice takes time, commitment, education, training, interview skills, discussions with colleagues, and reflection on the therapists' own attitudes. © 2004 Taylor & Francis.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Wressle, Ewa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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User satisfaction with mobility assistive devices
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 11:3, s. 143-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, the most common assistive devices are related to mobility. A study was undertaken to evaluate users' opinions on prescription of mobility devices and their satisfaction with devices and services using a cross-sectional design. A random sample of adult users of mobility assistive devices living in three county councils of Sweden was selected. A postal package comprising a questionnaire and QUEST 2.0 was sent out to 400 users of manual wheelchairs, powered wheelchairs, or walkers. Included in the analysis were 208 questionnaires, a response rate of 52%. Most devices were used on a daily basis and satisfaction with the device was high. Satisfaction with the service was scored lower than satisfaction with the device. Follow-up was the single item with the lowest mean score, and 69% of the users reported that they had not received any follow-up. A positive effect especially on users' ability to be active, transport oneself, feel secure, and to take part in social activities was found. Owing to the low response rate the results have to be interpreted with caution. However, follow-up seems to be an area that needs to be improved. The majority of users are satisfied with the device but not with service.
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| 8. |
- Dannapfel, Petra, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Education to Increase Skills in Research Methods among Clinicians in Health Care
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Health & Medical Informatics. - Los Angeles, United States : Omics Publishing Group. - 2157-7420. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate participants’ and managers’ experience of the design and content of an education programme. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework was applied to identify the steps of knowledge creation and action in the education programme.MethodsData were collected from 18 participants representing two groups: participants in the intervention and supervisors and managers. Two focus groups took place: two with participants in the intervention (4 and 3 in each) and one with eleven managers.ResultsAll steps in the KTA framework were identified and discussed from several aspects. The importance of selecting projects that were relevant and added value in their clinics was mentioned by all participants. The participants also mentioned that after the education, they had further understanding and increased skills in how to be active and perform continuous improvement projects. The step in the KTA process regarding how to adapt knowledge to local context was not discussed explicitly by the participants or managers.DiscussionEducation in research methods and performing improvement projects to develop the clinic creates a more positive attitude to working with continuous improvement. The participant’s self-esteem and knowledge increased regarding how to work with improvements. It is important to have the manager’s support to perform a project. Emphasis was on knowledge inquiry and synthesis and presenting the results with or without possible solutions. The participants and managers talked about barriers and knowledge use more generally and at an organizational level. This means that the participants did not gain the last bit of nowledge needed to put the action into practice. This implies that the problem regarding lack of implementation skills in health care might remain.
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| 9. |
- Eek, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday technology and 86-year-old individuals in Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 2:6, s. 123-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe aim was to investigate everyday technology use in the homes of 86-year-old individuals in Sweden regarding usage, benefits or perceived problems and to study their perception of the technical development and its influence on daily living. MethodThe design was both quantitative and qualitative. An interview was conducted at a home visit performed by an occupational therapist using a questionnaire including questions on demographics and everyday technology. In addition, a qualitative part was performed based on an interview guide. Two hundred seventy four people participated. ResultsThe results indicate that watching TV was important for almost all 86-year-old individuals. This medium, combined with reading newspapers, was important for obtaining news. The most common problems in usage of everyday technology were related to visual or hearing impairments or operating difficulties. References to the Internet for further information were perceived as problematic for individuals without access to a computer. Another difficulty was automated telephone services. Cognitive deficits impeded everyday technology use and increased perceived problems. ConclusionsAccess to information and services are important elements in order to be an active participant in the society. Everyday technology is an area that should be addressed by occupational therapists in order to facilitate daily living.
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| 10. |
- Fällman, Katarina, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Normative data for the oldest old: Trail Making Test A, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Victoria Stroop Test and Parallel Serial Mental Operations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1382-5585 .- 1744-4128. ; 27:4, s. 567-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Normative data for evaluating cognitive function in the oldest old, aged 85 years and above, are currently sparse. The normative values used in clinical practice are often derived from younger old persons, from small sample sizes or from broad age spans (e.g. amp;gt;75 years) resulting in a risk of misjudgment in assessments of cognitive decline. This longitudinal study presents normative values for the Trail Making Test A (TMT-A), the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the Victoria Stroop Test (VST) and the Parallel Serial Mental Operations (PaSMO) from cognitively intact Swedes aged 85 years and above. 207 participants, born in 1922, were tested at 85, 90 (n = 68) and 93 (n = 35) years of age with a cognitive screening test battery. The participants were originally recruited for participation in the Elderly in Linkoping Screening Assessment. Normative values are presented as mean values and standard deviations, with and without adjustment for education. There were no clinically important differences between genders, but education had a significant effect on test results for the 85-year-olds. Age effects emerged in analyses of those participants who completed the entire study and were evident for TMT-A, SDMT, VST1 and PaSMO. When comparisons can be made, our results are in accordance with previous data for TMT-A, SDMT and VST, and we present new normative values for PaSMO.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Maria M., 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Maintaining health-related quality of life from 85 to 93 years of age despite decreased functional ability
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:6, s. 348-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe ‘oldest-old’ is the most rapidly growing age group in Sweden and in the western world. This group is known to be at great risk of increased functional dependency and the need for help in their daily lives. The aim of this research was to examine how the oldest-old change over time regarding health-related quality of life, cognition, depression and ability to perform activities of daily living and investigate what factors explain health-related quality of life at age 85 and 93 years.MethodsIn this study, 60 individuals from the Swedish Elderly in Linköping Screening Assessment study were followed from age 85 to 93 years. Measurements used were EQ-5D, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Mental State Examination and ability to perform activities of daily living. Nonparametric statistics and regression analyses were used.ResultsAlthough the individuals had increased mobility problems, decreased ability to manage activities of daily living, and thus had increased need of assistance, they scored their health-related quality of life at age 93 years at almost the same level as at age 85 years. No depression and low dependence in activities of daily living speaks in favour of higher health-related quality of life.ConclusionsHealth-related quality of life can be maintained during ageing despite decreased functional ability and increased need of assistance in daily life.
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| 12. |
- Pohl, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Group-based music intervention in Parkinsons disease : findings from a mixed-methods study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : Sage Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 34:4, s. 533-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate a group-based music intervention in patients with Parkinsons disease. Design: Parallel group randomized controlled trial with qualitative triangulation. Setting: Neurorehabilitation in primary care. Subjects: Forty-six patients with Parkinsons disease were randomized into intervention group (n = 26), which received training with the music-based intervention, and control group (n = 20) without training. Interventions: The intervention was delivered twice weekly for 12 weeks. Main measures: Primary outcome was Timed-Up-and-Go subtracting serial 7s (dual-task ability). Secondary outcomes were cognition, balance, concerns about falling, freezing of gait, and quality of life. All outcomes were evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, and three months post-intervention. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with the intervention group and with the delivering physiotherapists. Results: No between-group differences were observed for dual-task ability. Between-group differences were observed for Falls Efficacy Scale (mean difference (MD) = 6.5 points; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.0 to 10.0, P = 0.001) and for Parkinson Disease Questionnaire-39 items (MD = 8.3; 95% CI = 2.7 to 13.8, P = 0.005) when compared to the control group post-intervention, but these were not maintained at three months post-intervention. Three themes were derived from the interviews: Expectations versus Results, Perspectives on Treatment Contents, and Key Factors for Success. Conclusion: Patient-reported outcomes and interviews suggest that the group-based music intervention adds value to mood, alertness, and quality of life in patients with Parkinsons disease. The study does not support the efficacy in producing immediate or lasting gains in dual-tasking, cognition, balance, or freezing of gait.
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| 13. |
- Rustner, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Results from a cognitive group rehabilitation programme from an occupational performance perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:12, s. 734-741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used for treatment planning and to evaluate the effect of a cognitive group rehabilitation programme. The aim was to identify occupational performance problems defined as important and to analyse the outcome, and to link those problems to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core set for traumatic brain injury and stroke.Method: A retrospective design was used, including an analysis of COPM data recorded before and two months after the programme. COPM data from 124 clients were linked to the ICF core sets.Results: A clinically important difference of 2 COPM scores was reached in 32% of the clients for occupational performance and in 47% for satisfaction with occupational performance. A majority of the problems identified (62%) were classified within the activities and participation component in the ICF, and 38% in body functions. All occupational performance problems could be linked to the ICF; just one of the 36 categories (caring for household objects) was not found in any of the ICF core sets.Conclusion: By linking the COPM data to the core sets, occupational therapists can be confident in addressing the typical problems of the group of clients identified.
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| 14. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, et al.
(författare)
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Decisions on driving after brain injury/disease: Feasibility and construct validity of a new simulator assessment tool
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:7, s. 421-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Driving is a complex activity involving a high level of cognitive abilities and thus might be affected after a brain injury/disease. The aim of this research was to evaluate the feasibility and construct validity of a driving simulator tool as a complement to existing driving assessments of patients with cognitive dysfunctions after a brain injury/disease. Method A descriptive and prospective research design was achieved. For construct validation, decisions were based on results from the Useful Field of View, Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment, Trail Making Test and, when necessary for the decision, an on-road observation. Results from the simulator tool were not included in the clinical decision process. Results A total of 129 patients from four different rehabilitation services were included. The results showed a significant difference in test results between those who were considered medically fit versus unfit to drive. A factor analysis revealed four components, all including attention in combination with processing speed, visuospatial function, simultaneous capacity and executive function; these are all represented in the simulator tool. A correlation analysis showed that simulator subtest 3 (response/divergent response to stimuli) had the strongest correlation with most of the other tests included. Conclusions The simulator was found to be feasible and valid and found to include components other than those measured in the other tests.
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| 15. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Powered wheelchairs and scooters for outdoor mobility : a pilot study on costs and benefits
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 9:4, s. 330-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study evaluates the effect of electric powered wheelchairs/scooters (PWC/S) on occupational performance, social participation, health, and life satisfaction. In addition, this study estimates the costs and benefits of PWC/S and describes users’ experiences with the delivery process.Methods: This prospective study has a before-and-after design. Postal questionnaires were sent to 24 first-time PWC/S users before delivery of the PWC/S and four months after delivery. The participants used their PWC/S for outdoor mobility. Results: PWC/S improved the users’ daily lives, their ability to engage in mobility-related activities, and their social participation. For a majority of the users, estimated independence, feelings of safety, and self-esteem increased although overall health and life satisfaction were not significantly affected. All users thought that the therapist had considered their needs during the providing process. Most participants (73%) were satisfied with their device at follow-up. For the 12 users who reported no change in health status between measures, the mean societal savings based on calculated costs for assistance was € 6 227 per person per year.Conclusions: PWC/S seems to improve occupational performance, social participation, and life satisfaction for users. Moreover, these improvements seem to have an economic advantage for both users and society.
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| 16. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Turning evidence into practice: Barriers to research use among occupational therapists
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 78:3, s. 175-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Research has demonstrated that occupational therapists generally have a positive attitude regarding the use of evidence in their daily practice and decision-making. In addition, occupational therapists are expected to implement evidencebased practice, which is often understood as equivalent to research. However, evidence-based practice might be difficult to reconcile with occupational therapy from a client-centred focus. This study examines what occupational therapists perceive as barriers to research use and discusses the challenge of clinical implementation.Method: This study uses a descriptive cross-sectional design. The Barriers to Research Utilization Scale questionnaire was mailed to 807 randomly selected Swedish occupational therapists. The response rate was 59%.Findings: The occupational therapists identified three main barriers to the use of research: insufficient facilities (82%); lack of time to read research (77%); difficulty understanding statistical analyses (75%). Degree of education was shown to affect results; occupational therapists with higher education levels indicated a higher use of research.Conclusion: Implementing research in clinical practice is a challenge. Occupational therapists are interested but they lack the optimal prerequisites and time.
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| 17. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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User satisfaction with mobility assistive devices : An important element in the rehabilitation process
- 2008
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 30:7, s. 551-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. An assistive device often means an evident change in a person's ability, more easy to notice than the effects of most of other types of physiotherapy or occupational therapy intervention. In spite of this, there is very little evidence in this area. Purpose. The objective was to follow-up user satisfaction with and the use and usefulness of rollators and manual wheelchairs. The objective was also to determine any difference in satisfaction between users of the two different types of mobility assistive products. Methods. A random sample of 262 users participated in the study, 175 rollator users and 87 wheelchair users. The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology - QUEST 2.0 and an additional questionnaire were used for data collection. Results. Overall satisfaction with both types of device was high and most clients reported use of their device on a daily basis. There was a difference in how the users estimated the usefulness and other characteristics as well as some service aspects related to prescription and use of the two types of device. Most users reported not having had any follow-up, however, most users had not experienced any need for one. Conclusions. A standardized follow-up will give rehabilitation professionals continuous and valuable information about the effect of and satisfaction with assistive devices.
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| 18. |
- Segernäs Kvitting, Anna, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Age-Normative MMSE Data for Older Persons Aged 85 to 93 in a Longitudinal Swedish Cohort
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 67:3, s. 534-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Normative Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) reference values in elderly are scarce. Therefore, the aim is to present normative MMSE values for 85-93 year olds.DESIGN: A longitudinal age cohort study.SETTING: A population study of the residents in the municipality of Linköping, Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: Residents (n = 650) born in 1922 during the course of 2007. In total, 374 individuals participated and were tested with MMSE at age 85, 280 of these were willing and able to also participate at age 86, 107 at age 90 and 51 at age 93.MEASUREMENTS: MMSE, from 0-30, with lower scores denoting more impaired cognition.RESULTS: Median MMSE values for the total population over the ages 85, 86, 90 and 93 years was 28 for all ages investigated. The 25th percentile values were 26, 26, 26 and 27, respectively. For a "brain healthy" sub-group median values were 28, 29, 28, and 28. The 25th percentile values were 27, 28, 26 and 27, respectively. Comparisons for age-effects showed no differences when all individuals for each age group were compared. When only the individuals reaching 93 years of age (n = 50) were analyzed, there was a significant lowering of MMSE in that age group.CONCLUSION: The literature is variable and in clinical practice a low (24) MMSE cut off is often used for possible cognitive impairment in old age. The present data indicate that MMSE 26 is a reasonable cut off for possible cognitive decline in older persons up to the age of 93. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:534-538, 2019.
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| 19. |
- Wressle, Ewa, 1953-
(författare)
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Client participation in the rehabilitation process
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis evaluates the rehabilitation process with respect to client participation. The Swedish version of a client-centred structure, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), is evaluated from the perspectives of the clients, the occupational therapists and the members of a rehabilitation team. Data have been collected through diaries, the COPM, assessments of ability to perform activities of daily living, mobility, self-assessments of pain and health, interviews with clients, interviews with staff, and focus groups interviews.The results show that a structured method is needed in order to improve clients’ active participation in goal formulation.The Swedish version of the COPM has high responsiveness to change over time. The use of the COPM improved client participation in the goal-formulation process, according to the results from a study with experiment and control groups. The clients perceived that treatment goals were identified, they were able to recall the goals and felt that they were active participants. They also perceived they had a higher ability to manage after the rehabilitation period was completed compared to clients in the control group.The clinical utility of the Swedish version of the COPM was confirmed in focus-group interviews with occupational therapists. The occupational therapists perceived the COPM as helpful in the goal-setting process and planning of treatment interventions. Even though problems are identified, they are directly related to, and formulated as, goals. Clients receive feedback on improvement over time. The COPM ensures a client-centred approach, facilitates communication within the rehabilitation team, and encourages therapists in their professional role. Therapists need knowledge about the theoretical foundation of the instrument and have to develop a personal interview technique.When the COPM is used in a team setting, it provides the team with broader information on what is purposeful occupation to the client. The focus is on occupational performance rather than function. According to team members the use of the COPM as a team tool increased client participation, was a good outcome measure, resulted in distinct goals, and focused on goals that were meaningful to the client.Implementation of a client-centred approach is facilitated when a structured method is used, but this is not enough. Involvement and motivation from all team members are required, as well as support during the introduction and implementation period. Support from management, knowledge about the underlying theory, time for discussions and reflections as well as opportunities to develop a personal interview technique are pointed out as important factors for a successful implementation.
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| 20. |
- Wressle, Ewa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of occupational therapy interventions for elderly patients in Swedish acute care : A pilot study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 13:4, s. 203-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to evaluate whether occupational therapy interventions in acute care could improve the elderly patient's perception of ability to manage at home after discharge. A pilot study was performed, including 22 patients in the experimental group and 19 in the control group. Occupational therapy interventions were conducted in the experimental group concerning personal care, information, prescription of assistive devices, planning of discharge, and reporting to primary care or community care. The control group was given no occupational therapy interventions. Structured interviews were performed on discharge and at a follow-up in about 14 weeks after discharge. The two groups were comparable concerning gender, age, days of care, and diagnoses. Patients in the experimental group scored lower on mental health and were more anxious on discharge. However, there was no difference between the groups in managing at home after discharge. Patients in the control group had greater need of further contacts with healthcare after discharge. Due to the small sample interpretations must be made with caution. The findings indicate that occupational therapy interventions in acute care might have a positive effect from the perspective of the elderly patient. These results need to be confirmed in a larger study.
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| 21. |
- Wressle, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
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High job demands and lack of time : A future challenge in occupational therapy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:6, s. 421-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to identify work-related stress factors that contributed to work-related stress among Swedish occupational therapists and to investigate the association between work-related stress, demographic factors and perceived overall stress. Methods: A postal questionnaire and a letter of invitation were sent to 807 Swedish occupational therapists, selected at random and representing 10% of occupational therapists working in Sweden. The response rate was 59%. A stress index presenting 49 stress factors graded on a scale from 1 (indicating no source of stress) to 6 (definitely a source of stress) was included. In addition, the level of perceived overall stress during the last 2 weeks was scored on a rating scale with the end points 0 (no stress) and 10 (extreme stress). Results: The main findings indicated that lack of resources and lack of time were the main stressors. “Working at a superficial level due to lack of time” was the only variable associated with high overall stress when both work-related and personal factors were included. Professional identity and clarity about the role were graded low with regard to stress. Conclusions: Work-related stress is just one aspect of the overall stress experienced but knowledge about its consequences highlights the importance of further studies.
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| 22. |
- Wressle, Ewa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Living with Parkinson´s disease : Elderly patients´ and relatives´ perspective on daily living
- 2007
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Ingår i: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - Richmond, Australia : Wiley. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 54, s. 131-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/aim: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in significant disability. We examined how Parkinson's disease affects daily living from the perspective of both patients and relatives. Methods: Qualitative interviews were performed with seven patients with Parkinson's disease and nine relatives from families other than those of the interviewed patients. Patients and relatives were recruited from an outpatient geriatric unit at a university hospital in Sweden. The interviews were transcribed and analysed qualitatively. Results: A conceptual framework encompassing aggravating factors, consequences in daily living and facilitating factors is presented. Patients perceived activity restrictions, changed habits, decreased socialisation and anxiety. Relatives reported changed roles and habits, decreased socialisation, strain and anxiety about the future. Facilitating factors included accessibility, strategies and psychological support for both patients and relatives. Conclusions: The results show that Parkinson's disease affects daily living not only for patients but also for relatives. They need to be seen, heard and supported in this burden. Services must be adapted to the needs of both patients and relatives with accessibility to health-care facilities with deep knowledge about the disease and its consequences. The identified factors are areas of concern in occupational therapy.
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| 23. |
- Wressle, Ewa, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Patient perspective on quality of geriatric care and rehabilitation - Development and psychometric testing of a questionnaire
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 20:2, s. 135-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to develop and test a questionnaire for use in telephone interviews concerning patient evaluation of geriatric care and rehabilitation. Instrument development was performed comprising qualitative interviews, construction of items, content validation, pilot study and data collection for evaluation of care and rehabilitation, clinical utility, reliability and construct validity. Qualitative interviews were performed with 12 elderly participants. The qualitative interviews formed the basis for the construction of 45 items. An expert panel performed a content validation of the questionnaire resulting in a revised version. A pilot study comprised 29 participants recently discharged from geriatric wards and the main data collection comprised 221 participants. Inclusion criteria were being able to perform a telephone interview and willingness to participate. Clinical utility was examined through questions to the interviewers, answered in writing. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.79. According to a factor analysis and the evaluation of clinical utility, the underlying dimensions of the final revised questionnaire concern 'Respect and safety', 'Information and participation' and 'Rehabilitation interventions', scored in 18 items. In addition, one global item concerns satisfaction with care, resulting in 19 items in total. The revised questionnaire was named PaPeR, Patient Perspective on care and Rehabilitation. The questionnaire is considered valid, reliable and judged to have good clinical utility. The time consumption for the telephone interview is about 10-20 minutes. The questionnaire is useful in defining areas for potential quality improvement in geriatric wards. © 2006 Nordic College of Caring Science.
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- Wressle, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
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The self-reported use of research in clinical practice: A survey of occupational therapists in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:3, s. 226-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Today, healthcare providers and occupational therapists are increasingly required to rely on evidence-based practices. In both out-patient and in-patient settings, the use of research-based practices can be identified using the questionnaire Research Utilization Measure. Aim: This study explores how occupational therapists in Sweden perceive research utilization. Method: The Research Utilization measure was sent to 807 randomly selected occupational therapists in Sweden, and the response rate was 59% (n=472). Results: The majority of respondents (56%, n=256) reported use of research-based knowledge in their practice “very or rather often”, although 49% (n=225) of these therapists noted that they “very seldom or never” discussed research findings with their managers. Differences in answers for most items were related to degree of education and length of experience. Occupational therapists with higher education levels more often reported use of research in their clinical practice and therapists with greater experience less often reported use of research in their clinical practice. Conclusion: Education seems to influence the degree to which occupational therapists rely on research to inform their practices. A future challenge for managers and occupational therapists is to create strategic discussions on how to implement treatment that is based on current research.
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