| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 5. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
-
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 7. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of the integrated Luminosities of cross-section scan data samples around the psi(3770) mass region
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Chinese Physics C. - : SCIENCE PRESS. - 1674-1137 .- 2058-6132. ; 42:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the nature of the psi(3770) resonance and to measure the cross section for e(+)e(-) -> D (D) over bar, a cross-section scan data sample, distributed among 41 center-of-mass energy points from 3.73 to 3.89 GeV, was taken with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII collider in the year 2010. By analyzing the large angle Bhabha scattering events, we measure the integrated luminosity of the data sample at each center-of-mass energy point. The total integrated luminosity of the data sample is 76.16 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.61 pb(-1), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
|
|
| 9. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
|
|
| 10. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
|
|
| 11. |
- Machiela, Mitchell J, et al.
(författare)
-
Female chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosome
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate large structural clonal mosaicism of chromosome X, we analysed the SNP microarray intensity data of 38,303 women from cancer genome-wide association studies (20,878 cases and 17,425 controls) and detected 124 mosaic X events >2 Mb in 97 (0.25%) women. Here we show rates for X-chromosome mosaicism are four times higher than mean autosomal rates; X mosaic events more often include the entire chromosome and participants with X events more likely harbour autosomal mosaic events. X mosaicism frequency increases with age (0.11% in 50-year olds; 0.45% in 75-year olds), as reported for Y and autosomes. Methylation array analyses of 33 women with X mosaicism indicate events preferentially involve the inactive X chromosome. Our results provide further evidence that the sex chromosomes undergo mosaic events more frequently than autosomes, which could have implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of mosaic events and their possible contribution to risk for chronic diseases.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
-
Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
|
|
| 14. |
- Luo, Yang, et al.
(författare)
-
Three-dimensional and temperature-dependent electronic structure of the heavy-fermion compound CePt2In7 studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 101:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The three-dimensional and temperature-dependent electronic structures of the heavy-fermion superconductor CePt2In7 are investigated. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using variable photon energy establishes the existence of quasi-two- and three-dimensional Fermi surface topologies. Temperature-dependent 4d-4f on-resonance photoemission spectroscopies data reveal that heavy quasiparticle bands begin to form at a temperature well above the characteristic (coherence) temperature T+. The emergence of low-lying crystal electric field excitation may be responsible for the "relocalization" or the precursor to the establishment of heavy electrons coherence in heavy-fermion compounds. These findings provide critical insight into understanding the hybridization in heavy-fermion systems.
|
|
| 15. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Measurements of (XcJ)-> K+K-K+K- decays
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 642:3, s. 197-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 14M psi(2S) events taken with the BESII detector, chi(cJ) -> 2(K+K-) decays are studied. For the four-kaon final state, the branching fractions are B(chi(c0,1,2) ->.2(K+K-)) = (3.48 +/- 0.23 +/- 0.47) x 10(-3), (0.70 +/- 0.13 +/- 0.10) x 10(-3), and (2.17 +/- 0.20 +/- 0.31) x 10(-3). For the phi K+K- final state, the branching fractions, which are measured for the first time, are B(chi(c0,1,2) -> phi K+K-) = (1.03 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.15) x 10(-3), (0.46 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.06) x 10(-3), and (1.67 +/- 0.26 +/- 0.24) x 10(-4). For the phi phi final state, B(chi(c0,2) -> phi phi) = (0.94 +/- 0.21 +/- 0.13) x 10(-3) and (1.70 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.25) x 10(-3).
|
|
| 16. |
- Duan, Yu Xia, et al.
(författare)
-
Crystal electric field splitting and f -electron hybridization in heavy-fermion CePt2In7
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9969 .- 2469-9950. ; 100:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to investigate the electronic structure of the antiferromagnetic heavy fermion compound CePt2In7, which is a member of the CeIn3-derived heavy fermion material family. Weak hybridization among 4f electron states and conduction bands was identified in CePt2In7 at low temperature much weaker than that in the other heavy fermion compounds like CeIrIn5 and CeRhIn5. The Ce 4f spectrum shows fine structures near the Fermi energy, reflecting the crystal electric field splitting of the 4f5/21 and 4f7/21 states. Also, we find that the Fermi surface has a strongly three-dimensional topology, in agreement with density-functional theory calculations. © 2019 American Physical Society.
|
|
| 17. |
- Huang, Y., et al.
(författare)
-
High-spin structures in the Xe-129 nucleus
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 93:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in the Xe-129 nucleus are studied with the reaction Sn-124(Be-9,4n) at a beam energy of 36 MeV. The level scheme is extended significantly. For the positive-parity band, the alpha = +1/2 and the alpha = -1/2 signature components are combined to form a complete band structure based on the 3/2(+) state with spin and parity up to 21/2(+). For the negative-parity band based on the 11/2(-) state, the alpha = +1/2 signature component is newly established and both the alpha = +1/2 and the alpha = -1/2 signature components also form a complete band structure up to the 35/2(-) state. The positive-and negative-parity bands are proposed to originate from nu d(3/2) 3/2(+)[402] and nu h(11/2)11/2(-)[505] Nilsson configurations, respectively. A backbending is observed in the negative-parity band, which originates from the alignments of two h(11/2) protons according to crank shell model calculations. Based on the total Routhian surface and quasiparticle triaxial rotor model calculations, the negative-parity band is interpreted as a triaxially deformed shape with gamma approximate to -30 degrees, while the positive-parity band is associated with. softness, in accordance with previous studies. In the high-spin states, three decoupled bands and one oblate band with gamma approximate to -60 degrees are newly identified. The systematics and other characteristics of these bands are discussed.
|
|
| 18. |
- Huyghe, Jeroen R, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic architectures of proximal and distal colorectal cancer are partly distinct
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 70:7, s. 1325-1334
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: An understanding of the etiologic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer (CRC) is critical for improving precision prevention, including individualized screening recommendations and the discovery of novel drug targets and repurposable drug candidates for chemoprevention. Known differences in molecular characteristics and environmental risk factors among tumors arising in different locations of the colorectum suggest partly distinct mechanisms of carcinogenesis. The extent to which the contribution of inherited genetic risk factors for CRC differs by anatomical subsite of the primary tumor has not been examined.Design: To identify new anatomical subsite-specific risk loci, we performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses including data of 48 214 CRC cases and 64 159 controls of European ancestry. We characterised effect heterogeneity at CRC risk loci using multinomial modelling.Results: We identified 13 loci that reached genome-wide significance (p<5×10-8) and that were not reported by previous GWASs for overall CRC risk. Multiple lines of evidence support candidate genes at several of these loci. We detected substantial heterogeneity between anatomical subsites. Just over half (61) of 109 known and new risk variants showed no evidence for heterogeneity. In contrast, 22 variants showed association with distal CRC (including rectal cancer), but no evidence for association or an attenuated association with proximal CRC. For two loci, there was strong evidence for effects confined to proximal colon cancer.Conclusion: Genetic architectures of proximal and distal CRC are partly distinct. Studies of risk factors and mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and precision prevention strategies should take into consideration the anatomical subsite of the tumour.
|
|
| 19. |
- Li, Hongjie J., et al.
(författare)
-
Collective band structures in the Tc-99 nucleus
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 91:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited states in Tc-99 with energies up to 6 MeV have been populated using the Zr-96(Li-7, 4n)Tc-99 reaction with a laboratory beam energy of 35 MeV. Coincident gamma rays from excited nuclei produced in the reactions were detected using an array of coaxial, planar, and clover-type high-purity germanium detectors. A total of 60 new gamma-ray transitions and 21 new levels are identified and placed into a new level scheme. Two collective bands assigned to be built on the pi g(9/2)[422]5/2(+) and pi p(1/2)[301]1/2(-) Nilsson configurations have been extended with spins up to 35/2 and 33/2 h, respectively. Backbending and signature inversion have been observed in the yrast band. The large signature splitting of the positive-parity band in Tc-99 may be caused by a triaxial deformation, which agrees well with the electromagnetic properties, theoretical calculations based on total Routhian surface, and triaxial particle-rotor model calculations.
|
|
| 20. |
- Pan, Xiong-Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating fatty acids and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus : prospective analyses in China
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 185:1, s. 87-97
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We aimed to examine prospective associations between circulating fatty acids in early pregnancy and incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Chinese pregnant women.Methods: Analyses were based on two prospective nested case-control studies conducted in western China (336 GDM cases and 672 matched controls) and central China (305 cases and 305 matched controls). Fasting plasma fatty acids in early pregnancy (gestational age at enrollment: 10.4 weeks(s.d., 2.0)) and 13.2 weeks (1.0), respectively) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and GDM was diagnosed based on the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups criteria during 24-28 weeks of gestation. Multiple metabolic biomarkers (HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance), HbA1c, c-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, and blood lipids) were additionally measured among 672 non-GDM controls at enrollment.Results: Higher levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) 14:0 (pooled odds ratio, 1.41 for each 1-s.d. increase; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.59) and 16:0 (1.19; 1.05, 1.35) were associated with higher odds of GDM. Higher levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 18:2n-6 were strongly associated with lower odds of GDM (0.69; 0.60, 0.80). In non-GDM pregnant women, higher SFAs 14:0 and 16:0 but lower n-6 PUFA 18:2n-6 were generally correlated with unfavorable metabolic profiles.Conclusions: We documented adverse associations of 14:0 and 16:0 but a protective association of 18:2n-6 with GDM among Chinese pregnant women. Our findings highlight the distinct roles of specific fatty acids in the onset of GDM.
|
|
| 21. |
- Song, Jiao-Jiao, et al.
(författare)
-
The 4f-Hybridization Strength in CemMnIn3m+2n Heavy-Fermion Compounds Studied by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Chinese Physics Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 0256-307X .- 1741-3540. ; 38:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We systemically investigate the nature of Ce 4f electrons in structurally layered heavy-fermion compounds CemMnIn3m+2n (with M = Co, Rh, Jr, and Pt, m = 1, 2, n = 0-2), at low temperature using on-resonance angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Three heavy quasiparticle bands f(0), f(7/2)(1) and f(5/2)(1), are observed in all compounds, whereas their intensities and energy locations vary greatly with materials. The strong f(0) states imply that the localized electron behavior dominates the Ce 4f states. The Ce 4f electrons are partially hybridized with the conduction electrons, making them have the dual nature of localization and itinerancy. Our quantitative comparison reveals that the f(5/2)(1)-f (0) intensity ratio is more suitable to reflect the 4f-state hybridization strength.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Xu, Q., et al.
(författare)
-
Investigation of high spin states in Cs-133
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 54:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High spin states in Cs-133 nucleus have been studied with the reaction Te-130 (Li-7, 4n) at a beam energy of 38 MeV. The level scheme has been expanded with spin up to 31/2 (h) over bar. Compared with a recent paper, ground state band and other two collective band structures at lower spin states have been confirmed. Another collective band structure at higher spin states as well as some levels and transitions are updated. Compared with the experimental data, large-scale shell model and tilted axis cranking model calculations have been carried out. The results show that the band-head configuration of yrast band based on 7/2(+) ground state and the side band built on the 5/2(+) state are a pair of pseudospin partner states with pi (f) over tilde 7/2,5/2. The negative parity band based on 1071.5 keV level originates from pi h(11/2) orbital. Another band built on 2642.9 keV level at high spin states has been proposed with oblate deformation. Other characteristics for these bands were also discussed.
|
|
| 24. |
- Yuan, Ya Hua, et al.
(författare)
-
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy view on the nature of Ce 4f electrons in the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice CePd5Al2
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9969 .- 2469-9950. ; 103:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice CePd5Al2, focusing on the quasi-two-dimensional k-space nature of its Fermi surface and, tuning photon energy to the Ce 4d-4f on-resonance transition, the hybridization of the Ce 4f state. A strong shoulder feature on the f0 peak was detected, suggesting hybridization between conduction and f bands. On-resonance spectra revealed narrow, yet hybridized quasiparticle bands with sharp peaks and ∼ 9 meV energy dispersion near the Fermi energy EF. The observed dispersive hybridized f band can be well described by a hybridization-band picture based on the periodic Anderson model (PAM). Hence, the 4f electrons in CePd5Al2 display a dual nature, with both localized and itinerant features, but with dominantly localized character.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Barausse, Enrico, et al.
(författare)
-
Prospects for fundamental physics with LISA
- 2020
-
Ingår i: General Relativity and Gravitation. - : SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS. - 0001-7701 .- 1572-9532. ; 52:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper, which is of programmatic rather than quantitative nature, we aim to further delineate and sharpen the future potential of the LISA mission in the area of fundamental physics. Given the very broad range of topics that might be relevant to LISA,we present here a sample of what we view as particularly promising fundamental physics directions. We organize these directions through a "science-first" approach that allows us to classify how LISA data can inform theoretical physics in a variety of areas. For each of these theoretical physics classes, we identify the sources that are currently expected to provide the principal contribution to our knowledge, and the areas that need further development. The classification presented here should not be thought of as cast in stone, but rather as a fluid framework that is amenable to change with the flow of new insights in theoretical physics.
|
|
| 27. |
- Ding, Xue Bing, et al.
(författare)
-
Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 411-418
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role1–5. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders. We found that patients with iPD exhibited significantly reduced flow through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal sinus and sigmoid sinus, as well as a notable delay in deep cervical lymph node perfusion, compared to patients with AP. There was no significant difference in the size (cross-sectional area) of mLVs in patients with iPD or AP versus controls. In mice injected with α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils, we showed that the emergence of α-syn pathology was followed by delayed meningeal lymphatic drainage, loss of tight junctions among meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells and increased inflammation of the meninges. Finally, blocking flow through the mLVs in mice treated with α-syn preformed fibrils increased α-syn pathology and exacerbated motor and memory deficits. These results suggest that meningeal lymphatic drainage dysfunction aggravates α-syn pathology and contributes to the progression of PD.
|
|
| 28. |
- Kabat, G. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Metabolic phenotypes of obesity : frequency, correlates and change over time in a cohort of postmenopausal women
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 41:1, s. 170-177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The possibility that a subset of persons who are obese may be metabolically healthy—referred to as the ‘metabolically healthy obese’ (MHO) phenotype—has attracted attention recently. However, few studies have followed individuals with MHO or other obesity phenotypes over time to assess change in their metabolic profiles. The aim of the present study was to examine transitions over a 6-year period among different states defined simultaneously by body mass index (BMI) and the presence/absence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS).Methods: We used repeated measurements available for a subcohort of participants enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative (N=3512) and followed for an average of 6 years to examine the frequency of different metabolic obesity phenotypes at baseline, the 6-year transition probabilities to other states and predictors of the risk of different transitions. Six phenotypes were defined by cross-tabulating BMI (18.5–<25.0, 25.0–<30.0, 30.0 kg m−2) by MetS (yes, no). A continuous-time Markov model was used to estimate 6-year transition probabilities from one state to another.Results: Over the 6 years of follow-up, one-third of women with the healthy obese phenotype transitioned to the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotype. Overall, there was a marked tendency toward increased metabolic deterioration with increasing BMI and toward metabolic improvement with lower BMI. Among MHO women, the 6-year probability of becoming MUO was 34%, whereas among unhealthy normal-weight women, the probability of ‘regressing’ to the metabolically healthy normal-weight phenotype was 52%.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated substantial change in metabolic obesity phenotypes over a 6-year period. There was a marked tendency toward metabolic deterioration with greater BMI and toward metabolic improvement with lower BMI.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Li, Hongjie, et al.
(författare)
-
Reinvestigation of the collective band structures in odd-odd Pm-138 nucleus
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 51:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high-spin states in the odd-odd Pm-138 nucleus have been reinvestigated via the Te-124(F-19, 5n) reaction at the beam energy of 103MeV. Most of the known transitions and levels are confirmed. A number of bands are revised and one new band has been established. For the yrast pi h(11/2) circle times nu h(11/2) band based on 8(+) state, no evidence supporting the occurence of signature inversion is found. The experimental and theoretical B(M1)/B(E2) ratios have been calculated for band (2), which support the pi g(7/2)[413]5/2(+) circle times nu h(11/2)[514]9/2(-) Nilsson configuration assignment. Four bands with Delta I = 2 transitions are tentatively assigned as doubly decoupled bands. The other three bands are proposed as oblate-triaxial bands. The possible configuration assignments for these bands are also discussed under the calculations of total Routhian surface and particle-rotor model.
|
|
| 32. |
- Li, Xiao-Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
Unraveling the formation mechanism of graphitic nitrogen-doping in thermally treated graphene with ammonia
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitrogen-doped graphene (N-graphene) has attractive properties that has been widely studied over the years. However, its possible formation process still remains unclear. Here, we propose a highly feasible formation mechanism of the graphitic-N doing in thermally treated graphene with ammonia by performing ab initio molecular dynamic simulations at experimental conditions. Results show that among the commonly native point defects in graphene, only the single vacancy 5-9 and divacancy 555-777 have the desirable electronic structures to trap N-containing groups and to mediate the subsequent dehydrogenation processes. The local structure of the defective graphene in combining with the thermodynamic and kinetic effect plays a crucial role in dominating the complex atomic rearrangement to form graphitic-N which heals the corresponding defect perfectly. The importance of the symmetry, the localized force field, the interaction of multiple trapped N-containing groups, as well as the catalytic effect of the temporarily formed bridge-N are emphasized, and the predicted doping configuration agrees well with the experimental observation. Hence, the revealed mechanism will be helpful for realizing the targeted synthesis of N-graphene with reduced defects and desired properties.
|
|
| 33. |
- Lyu, Yuanhao, et al.
(författare)
-
Unraveling Enyne Bonding via Dehydrogenation-Hydrogenation Processes in On-Surface Synthesis with Terminal Alkynes
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Advanced Materials Interfaces. - : WILEY. - 2196-7350.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On-surface reactions of terminal alkynes in ultrahigh vacuum have attracted widespread attention due to their high technological promise. However, employing different precursors and substrate materials often intricate reaction schemes appear far from being well-understood. Thus, recent investigations of alkyne coupling on noble metal surfaces suggest non-dehydrogenative scenarios, contradicting earlier reports. Herein, the study employs noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) with high spatial resolution to conclusively characterize exemplary alkyne coupling products. Contrary to initial interpretations proposing dehydrogenative homocoupling on Ag(111), bond-resolved AFM imaging reveals the expression of enyne motifs. Based on complementary, extensive density functional theory calculations, the pertaining reaction mechanisms are explored. It is proposed that enyne formation initiates with a direct carbon-carbon coupling between two alkyne groups, followed by surface-assisted dehydrogenation-hydrogenation processes. Thereby consecutive steps of atomic hydrogen cleavage, surface migration and recombination to a different carbon atom enable bridging via carbon-carbon double bonding. The new results shed light on subtle, but crucial surface-mediated hydrogen transfer processes involved in the chemical bond formation, which are suggested to be of general relevance in on-surface synthesis. Terminal alkyne coupling on Ag(111) in ultrahigh vacuum is conclusively examined by bond-resolved atomic force microscopy and density functional theory modeling. The prevailing bonding motif is the enyne moiety, originating from a distinct surface-mediated dehydrogenation-hydrogenation reaction pathway. The findings highlight the important role of hydrogen transfer in the course of on-surface synthesis procedures. image
|
|
| 34. |
- Song, Jiao-Jiao, et al.
(författare)
-
Relocalization of uranium 5f electrons in the antiferromagnetic heavy-fermion superconductor UPd2Al3 : Insights from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 109:20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the antiferromagnetic heavy fermion superconductor UPd2Al3, employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to unravel the complex electronic structure of its U 5? electrons. We observe unexpected characteristics that challenge the conventional temperature-dependent behavior of heavy fermion systems, revealing unexpected characteristics. At temperatures above the anticipated coherence temperature (?*), we observe itinerant U 5? electrons at temperatures higher than previously postulated. Additionally, a previously unidentified dispersionless band emerges around 600 meV below the Fermi energy, potentially linked to spin-orbit splitting within the U 5? states. Hybridization between the 5? electrons and conduction band was observed with an energy dispersion of 10 meV at low temperatures, suggesting that U 5? electrons near and at the Fermi surface have an itinerant nature. Temperature-dependent 5?−5? resonance spectra reveal that the 5? electron spectrum weight increases with lowering temperature and begins to decrease at temperatures significantly higher than the Néel temperature (??). We further show that the competition between the Kondo effect and Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interactions may be responsible for the relocalization of 5? electrons, making relocalization a precursor to the establishment of magnetic order at lower temperatures. Our experiments also provide evidence that 5? electrons with the same orbital are involved in both the Kondo effect and RKKY interactions, suggesting that the two coexist at lower temperatures.
|
|
| 35. |
- Wang, Qin, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease is linked to promoter variants of XOR
- 2023
-
Ingår i: NATURE METABOLISM. - 2522-5812. ; 5, s. 607-625
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lifetime risk of kidney disease in people with diabetes is 10-30%, implicating genetic predisposition in the cause of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Here we identify an expression quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in the cis-acting regulatory region of the xanthine dehydrogenase, or xanthine oxidoreductase (Xor), a binding site for C/EBP beta, to be associated with diabetes-induced podocyte loss in DKD in male mice. We examine mouse inbred strains that are susceptible (DBA/2J) and resistant (C57BL/6J) to DKD, as well as a panel of recombinant inbred BXD mice, to map QTLs. We also uncover promoter XOR orthologue variants in humans associated with high risk of DKD. We introduced the risk variant into the 5 '-regulatory region of XOR in DKD-resistant mice, which resulted in increased Xor activity associated with podocyte depletion, albuminuria, oxidative stress and damage restricted to the glomerular endothelium, which increase further with type 1 diabetes, high-fat diet and ageing. Therefore, differential regulation of Xor contributes to phenotypic consequences with diabetes and ageing. Wang et al. identify a promoter variant in xanthine oxidoreductase associated with diabetic kidney disease through increased podocyte depletion and glomerular injury.
|
|
| 36. |
- Zhang, Chen, et al.
(författare)
-
Antiferromagnetic order in Kondo lattice CePd5Al2 possibly driven by nesting
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 108:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the electronic structure of the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice CePd5Al2 using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The experimentally determined band structure of the conduction electrons is predominated by the Pd 4d character. It contains multiple hole and electron Fermi pockets, in good agreement with density functional theory calculations. The Fermi surface is folded over Q0=(0,0,1), manifested by Fermi surface reconstruction and band folding. Our results suggest that Fermi surface nesting drives the formation of antiferromagnetic order in CePd5Al2.
|
|
