| 1. |
- Campbell, PJ, et al.
(författare)
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Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 578:7793, s. 82-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale1–3. Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4–5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter4; identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation5,6; analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution7; describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity8,9; and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes8,10–18.
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| 2. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 3. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Colomé, Núria, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-laboratory experiment PME11 for the standardization of phosphoproteome analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Proteomics. - : Elsevier. - 1874-3919 .- 1876-7737. ; 251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global analysis of protein phosphorylation by mass spectrometry proteomic techniques has emerged in the last decades as a powerful tool in biological and biomedical research. However, there are several factors that make the global study of the phosphoproteome more challenging than measuring non-modified proteins. The low stoichiometry of the phosphorylated species and the need to retrieve residue specific information require particular attention on sample preparation, data acquisition and processing to ensure reproducibility, qualitative and quantitative robustness and ample phosphoproteome coverage in phosphoproteomic workflows. Aiming to investigate the effect of different variables in the performance of proteome wide phosphoprotein analysis protocols, ProteoRed-ISCIII and EuPA launched the Proteomics Multicentric Experiment 11 (PME11). A reference sample consisting of a yeast protein extract spiked in with different amounts of a phosphomix standard (Sigma/Merck) was distributed to 31 laboratories around the globe. Thirty-six datasets from 23 laboratories were analyzed. Our results indicate the suitability of the PME11 reference sample to benchmark and optimize phosphoproteomics strategies, weighing the influence of different factors, as well as to rank intra and inter laboratory performance.
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| 6. |
- Zhang, Juqing, et al.
(författare)
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Super-enhancers conserved within placental mammals maintain stem cell pluripotency
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite pluripotent stem cells sharing key transcription factors, their maintenance involves distinct genetic inputs. Emerging evidence suggests that super-enhancers (SEs) can function as master regulatory hubs to control cell identity and pluripotency in humans and mice. However, whether pluripotency-associated SEs share an evolutionary origin in mammals remains elusive. Here, we performed comprehensive comparative epigenomic and transcription factor binding analyses among pigs, humans, and mice to identify pluripotency-associated SEs. Like typical enhancers, SEs displayed rapid evolu-tion in mammals. We showed that BRD4 is an essential and conserved activator for mammalian pluripotency-associated SEs. Comparative motif enrichment analysis revealed 30 shared transcription factor binding motifs among the three species. The majority of transcriptional factors that bind to identified motifs are known regulators associated with pluripotency. Further, we discovered three pluripotency-associated SEs (SE-SOX2, SE-PIM1, and SE-FGFR1) that displayed remarkable conservation in pla-cental mammals and were sufficient to drive reporter gene expression in a pluripotency-dependent manner. Disruption of these conserved SEs through the CRISPR-Cas9 approach severely impaired stem cell pluripotency. Our study provides insights into the understanding of conserved regulatory mechanisms underlying the maintenance of plu-ripotency as well as species-specific modulation of the pluripotency-associated regula-tory networks in mammals.
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| 7. |
- Zhang, Lixiu, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in the Application of Perovskite Materials
- 2023
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Ingår i: NANO-MICRO LETTERS. - : SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV PRESS. - 2311-6706. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allow metal halide perovskite to be employed in a wide variety of applications. This article provides a holistic review over the current progress and future prospects of metal halide perovskite materials in representative promising applications, including traditional optoelectronic devices (solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers), and cutting-edge technologies in terms of neuromorphic devices (artificial synapses and memristors) and pressure-induced emission. This review highlights the fundamentals, the current progress and the remaining challenges for each application, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the development status and a navigation of future research for metal halide perovskite materials and devices.
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| 8. |
- Bian, Zilong, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy lifestyle and cancer survival : A multinational cohort study
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 154:10, s. 1709-1718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lifestyle factors after a cancer diagnosis could influence the survival of cancer 60 survivors. To examine the independent and joint associations of healthy lifestyle factors with mortality outcomes among cancer survivors, four prospective cohorts (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES], National Health Interview Survey [NHIS], UK Biobank [UKB] and Kailuan study) across three countries. A healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was defined based on five common lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol drinking, diet, physical activity and body mass index) that related to cancer survival. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for the associations of individual lifestyle factors and HLS with all-cause and cancer mortality among cancer survivors. During the follow-up period of 37,095 cancer survivors, 8927 all-cause mortality events were accrued in four cohorts and 4449 cancer death events were documented in the UK and US cohorts. Never smoking (adjusted HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69-0.86), light alcohol consumption (adjusted HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.82-0.90), adequate physical activity (adjusted HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.94), a healthy diet (adjusted HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.61-0.78) and optimal BMI (adjusted HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85-0.93) were significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. In the joint analyses of HLS, the HR of all-cause and cancer mortality for cancer survivors with a favorable HLS (4 and 5 healthy lifestyle factors) were 0.55 (95% CI 0.42-0.64) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.44-0.72), respectively. This multicohort study of cancer survivors from the United States, the United Kingdom and China found that greater adherence to a healthy lifestyle might be beneficial in improving cancer prognosis. This study investigated the independent and joint associations of healthy lifestyle factors with mortality outcomes among cancer survivors by analyzing data from four prospective cohorts across three countries-the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey in the United States, the UK Biobank and the Kailuan study in China. Adhering to a healthy lifestyle could reduce the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality by half among cancer survivors. Specifically, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in physical activity and maintaining a healthy body mass index were associated with improved prognosis.image
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| 9. |
- Carlevaro-Fita, J, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer LncRNA Census reveals evidence for deep functional conservation of long noncoding RNAs in tumorigenesis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1, s. 56-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a growing focus of cancer genomics studies, creating the need for a resource of lncRNAs with validated cancer roles. Furthermore, it remains debated whether mutated lncRNAs can drive tumorigenesis, and whether such functions could be conserved during evolution. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, we introduce the Cancer LncRNA Census (CLC), a compilation of 122 GENCODE lncRNAs with causal roles in cancer phenotypes. In contrast to existing databases, CLC requires strong functional or genetic evidence. CLC genes are enriched amongst driver genes predicted from somatic mutations, and display characteristic genomic features. Strikingly, CLC genes are enriched for driver mutations from unbiased, genome-wide transposon-mutagenesis screens in mice. We identified 10 tumour-causing mutations in orthologues of 8 lncRNAs, including LINC-PINT and NEAT1, but not MALAT1. Thus CLC represents a dataset of high-confidence cancer lncRNAs. Mutagenesis maps are a novel means for identifying deeply-conserved roles of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis.
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| 10. |
- Ding, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
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Time-aware cloud service recommendation using similarity-enhanced collaborative filtering and ARIMA model
- 2018
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Ingår i: Decision Support Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9236 .- 1873-5797. ; 107, s. 103-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quality of service (QoS) of cloud services change frequently over time. Existing service recommendation approaches either ignore this property or address it inadequately, leading to ineffective service recommendation. In this paper, we propose a time-aware service recommendation (taSR) approach to address this issue. We first develop a novel similarity-enhanced collaborative filtering (CF) approach to capture the time feature of user similarity and address the data sparsity in the existing PITs (point in time). We then apply autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) to predict the QoS values in the future PIT under QoS instantaneity. We evaluate the proposed approach and compare it to the state-of-the-art. Our experimental results show that taSR achieves significant performance improvements over existing approaches.
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| 11. |
- Ding, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
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Utilizing customer satisfaction in ranking prediction for personalized cloud service selection
- 2017
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Ingår i: Decision Support Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9236 .- 1873-5797. ; 93, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the rapid development of cloud computing, cloud service has become an indispensable component of modern information systems where quality of service (QoS) has a direct impact on the system's performance and stability. While scholars have concentrated their efforts on the monitoring and evaluation of QoS in cloud computing, other service selection characteristics have been neglected, such as the scarcity of evaluation data and various customer needs. In this paper, we present a ranking-oriented prediction method that will assist in the process of discovering the cloud service candidates that have the highest customer satisfaction. This approach encompasses two basic functions: ranking similarity estimation and cloud service ranldng prediction that takes into account customer's preference and expectation. The comparative experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other competing methods.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Guo, Jianqiu, et al.
(författare)
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Anthropometric measures at age 3 years in associations with prenatal and postnatal exposures to chlorophenols
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 228, s. 204-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chlorophenols (CPs), suspected as endocrine disrupting chemicals, exposure during early life may contribute to body size. However, limited human data with inconsistent findings have examined the developmental effects of CPs exposure.Objective: To explore associations between prenatal and postnatal CPs exposure and anthropometric parameters in children aged 3 years.Methods: A subset of 377 mother-child pairs with urinary five CP concentrations were enrolled from a prospective birth cohort. Generalized linear models were conducted to evaluate associations of CPs exposure with children's anthropometric measures.Results: Maternal urinary 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) concentrations were significantly negatively associated with weight z scores [regression coefficient (beta)=-0.51, 95% confidence interval (Cl): -0.96, -0.05; p = 0.01], weight for height z scores (beta = -0.54, 95% Cl:-1.02, -0.06; p= 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) z scores (beta = -0.53, 95% CI;-1.03, 0.03; p = 0.01) of children aged 3 years, after adjustment for potential confounders and postnatal CPs exposure. In the sex-stratified analyses, these inverse associations remained among boys, while in girls, positive associations of prenatal 2,4,6-TCP exposure with weight for height z scores and BMI z scores were observed. Postnatal exposure to 2,5-diclorophenol (2,5-DCP) was positively associated with weight z scores (beta = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.50; p = 0.04), after controlling for possible confounders and maternal CPs exposure during pregnancy. Considering potential sex-specific effects, these associations were only observed in girls.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that prenatal 2,4,6-TCP exposure and postnatal 2,5-DCP exposure may have adverse and sex-specific effects on children's physical development.
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| 14. |
- Guo, Jianqiu, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of prenatal and childhood chlorpyrifos exposure with Neurodevelopment of 3-year-old children
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 251, s. 538-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate insecticide, has been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental effects in animal studies. However, little is known about long-term neurotoxicity of early-life CPF exposure in humans. We aimed to evaluate the associations of both prenatal and early childhood CPF exposure with neurodevelopment of children. In this observational study based on Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort, pregnant women were recruited from an agricultural region between June 2009 and January 2010, and their children were followed up from birth to age three. Urinary 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), a specific metabolite of CPF, was quantified using large-volume-injection gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Developmental quotients (DQs) of children in motor, adaptive, language, and social areas were assessed by trained pediatricians. Data from 377 mother-child pairs were used in the current study. Associations between CPF exposure and neurodevelopmental indicators were estimated using generalized linear models with adjustment for potential confounders. The median concentrations of TCPy in maternal and children's urine were 5.39 mu g/L and 5.34 mu g/L, respectively. No statistically significant association was found between maternal urinary TCPy concentrations and children neurodevelopment. While for postnatal exposure, we found lower motor area DQ score 0.61 [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.13, -0.09; p = 0.02] and social area DQ score 0.55 (95% CI: -1.07, -0.03; p = 0.04) per one-unit increase in the In-transformed childhood urinary TCPy concentrations. Further stratification by sex indicated that the inverse associations were only observed in boys, but not in girls. Our findings suggest that adverse neurodevelopmental effects were associated with early childhood CPF exposure, but not prenatal exposure. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to replicate these results and to further understand the toxicological mechanisms of CPF.
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| 15. |
- Han, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Photochemical hydrogen production from water catalyzed by CdTe quantum dots/molecular cobalt catalyst hybrid systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 51:32, s. 7008-7011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A hybrid system with a coordinative interaction between a cobalt complex of a N2S2-tetradentate ligand and CdTe quantum dots displayed a high activity (initial TOF 850 h(-1)) and improved stability (TON 1.44 x 10(4) based on catalyst over 30 h) for the photochemical H-2 generation from water, with a quantum efficiency of 5.32% at 400 nm.
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| 16. |
- Justice, Anne E., et al.
(författare)
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Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:3, s. 452-469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (validation). We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF >= 5%) and nine low-frequency or rare (MAF < 5%) coding novel variants. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses identified lipid particle, adiponectin, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology and bone development and morphology as important contributors to fat distribution, while cross-trait associations highlight cardiometabolic traits. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdowns, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). We implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Lensink, Marc F., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of AlphaFold on structure prediction of protein complexes: The CASP15-CAPRI experiment
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proteins. - : WILEY. - 0887-3585 .- 1097-0134.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results for CAPRI Round 54, the 5th joint CASP-CAPRI protein assembly prediction challenge. The Round offered 37 targets, including 14 homodimers, 3 homo-trimers, 13 heterodimers including 3 antibody-antigen complexes, and 7 large assemblies. On average similar to 70 CASP and CAPRI predictor groups, including more than 20 automatics servers, submitted models for each target. A total of 21 941 models submitted by these groups and by 15 CAPRI scorer groups were evaluated using the CAPRI model quality measures and the DockQ score consolidating these measures. The prediction performance was quantified by a weighted score based on the number of models of acceptable quality or higher submitted by each group among their five best models. Results show substantial progress achieved across a significant fraction of the 60+ participating groups. High-quality models were produced for about 40% of the targets compared to 8% two years earlier. This remarkable improvement is due to the wide use of the AlphaFold2 and AlphaFold2-Multimer software and the confidence metrics they provide. Notably, expanded sampling of candidate solutions by manipulating these deep learning inference engines, enriching multiple sequence alignments, or integration of advanced modeling tools, enabled top performing groups to exceed the performance of a standard AlphaFold2-Multimer version used as a yard stick. This notwithstanding, performance remained poor for complexes with antibodies and nanobodies, where evolutionary relationships between the binding partners are lacking, and for complexes featuring conformational flexibility, clearly indicating that the prediction of protein complexes remains a challenging problem.
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| 19. |
- Li, Doudou, et al.
(författare)
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Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and multiple health outcomes : an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 116:1, s. 230-243
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite produced from dietary nutrients. Many studies have discovered that circulating TMAO concentrations are linked to a wide range of health outcomes.Objectives: This study aimed to summarize health outcomes related to circulating TMAO concentrations.Methods: We searched the Embase. Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from inception to 15 February, 2022 to identify and update meta-analyses examining the associations between 'TAO and multiple health outcomes. For each health outcome, we estimated the summary effect size. 95% prediction CI. between-study heterogeneity. evidence of small-study effects, and evidence of excess-significance bias. These metrics were used to evaluate the evidence credibility of the identified associations.Results: This umbrella review identified 24 meta-analyses that investigated the association between circulating 'TAO concentrations and health outcomes including all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer. and renal function. We updated these meta-analyses by including a total of 82 individual studies on 18 unique health outcomes. Among them, 14 associations were nominally significant. After evidence credibility assessment, we found 6 (33%) associations (i.e., all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, hypertension. DM, and glomerular filtration rate) to present highly suggestive evidence.Conclusions: TMAO might be a novel biomarker related to human health conditions including all-cause mortality, hypertension. CVD, DM. cancer, and kidney function. Further studies are needed to investigate whether circulating 'MAO concentrations could be an intervention target for chronic disease.
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| 20. |
- Li, Jingjing, et al.
(författare)
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Photothermal Aerogel Beads Based on Polysaccharides: Controlled Fabrication and Hybrid Applications in Solar-Powered Interfacial Evaporation, Water Remediation, and Soil Enrichment
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8252 .- 1944-8244. ; 14:44, s. 50266-50279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solar-powered interfacial evaporation has emerged as an innovative and sustainable technology for clean water production. However, the rapid, mass and shape-controlled fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) steam generators (SGs) for versatile hybrid applications remains challenging. Herein, composite aerogel beads with self-contained properties (i.e., hydrophilic, porous, photothermal, and durable) are developed and demonstrated for threefold hybrid applications including efficient solar-powered interfacial evaporation, water remediation, and controlled soil enrichment. The rational incorporation of selected polysaccharides enables us to fabricate bead-like aerogels with rapid gelation, continuous processing, and enhanced ion adsorption. The composite beads can attain a high water evaporation rate of 1.62 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun. Meanwhile, high phosphate adsorption capacity of over 120 mg g-1 is achieved in broad pH (2.5-12.4) and concentration (200-1000 mg L-1) ranges of phosphate solutions. Gratifyingly, we demonstrate the first example of recycling biomaterials from interfacial SGs for controlled nutrient release, soil enrichment, and sustainable agriculture. The phosphate-saturated beads can be gradually broken down in the soil. Macronutrients (N, P, and K) can be slowly released in 50 days, sustaining the plant germination and growth in a whole growth stage. This work shines light on the mass and controlled fabrication of aerogel beads based on double-network biopolymers, not merely scaling up solar-powered interfacial evaporation but also considering water remediation, waste material disposal, and value-added conversion.
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| 21. |
- Li, Shuai, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Sound source and pseudo-sound in the near field of a circular cylinder in subsonic conditions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Fluid Mechanics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0022-1120 .- 1469-7645. ; 919:A43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well known that the pressure fluctuations on both sides of a cylinder and those in its oscillating near-wake region are both sound sources at low Reynolds and Mach numbers. However, assessment of the propagating capacity and quantification of the radiating versus non-radiating components of these two sound sources are not currently available for this important benchmark aeroacoustic problem. Here, we isolate the radiating acoustic sound sources from the non-radiating hydrodynamic pseudo-sounds by applying the wavelet decomposition technique of Mancinelli et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 813, 2017), previously used in subsonic jet-noise experiments, to decompose the cylinder near-field pressure fluctuations obtained from our direct numerical simulations. Rigorous independence and convergence analyses of the wavelet decomposition procedure are performed. It is found that the radiating acoustic component strongly dominates over the non-radiating hydrodynamic component at near-field locations above and upstream of the cylinder. In the oscillating near-wake region, the hydrodynamic component dominates over the acoustic component at most frequencies, except at the vortex shedding frequency where they exhibit comparable strengths. Furthermore, within the oscillating near-wake region, the overall sound pressure level associated with the hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations exceeds that associated with the acoustic pressure fluctuations. Away from the oscillating near-wake region, the hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations decrease dramatically while the acoustic counterparts decay slowly, demonstrating that the hydrodynamic pressure fluctuation does not propagate, and that the acoustic pressure fluctuation is the only component to propagate to the far field.
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| 22. |
- Liu, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
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Development of Pdn/g-C3N4 adsorbent for Hg0 removal – DFT study of influences of the support and Pd cluster size
- 2019
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elemental mercury in the flue gas is highly hazardous to the ecosystem. However, its removal from gas phase is of challenges as it is highly volatile, chemically very stable and insoluble in water. It is therefore imperative to develop novel adsorbents that are efficient in the removal of elemental mercury from gas mixtures. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) was adopted to assist the development of novel adsorbents for mercury removal based on the in-depth understanding of the adsorption of Hg0 on g-C3N4, single Pd atoms and Pdn(n=2–4) clusters as well as the influences of the support and the size of Pd clusters on Hg0 adsorption. It is found that Hg0 atoms are physically adsorbed on the pristine g-C3N4 and are chemisorbed on the pure Pdn clusters and the Pdn/g-C3N4. The strongest adsorption happens on the Pd2 cluster and the Pd3/g-C3N4, while single Pd atoms doped on the g-C3N4 do not adsorb Hg0 atoms effectively. For a Pd4 cluster, there are at least four adsorption sites for the adsorption of Hg0, while these sites become more active in the presence of the support and the number of active sites for Hg0 adsorption on a Pd4 cluster doped on the g-C3N4 becomes seven due to the enhanced charge transfer from Hg atoms to the Pd cluster and the g-C3N4 surface. The most charge transfers are found to take place in the case of Pd2, Pd2/g-C3N4 and Pd3/g-C3N4, indicating the most intensive interactions between Hg0 and these configurations. Moreover, the shortened Pd-Hg bonds in the Pd3/g-C3N4 and the Pd4/g-C3N4 also shows the enhanced mercury adsorption, while opposite phenomena were observed in the other two structures, i.e., the Pd/g-C3N4 and the Pd2/g-C3N4.
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| 23. |
- Marouli, Eirini, et al.
(författare)
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Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 542:7640, s. 186-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.
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| 24. |
- Meng, X. X. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Humidity-Dependent Phase State of Gasoline Vehicle Emission-Related Aerosols
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Science & Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 55:2, s. 832-841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phase states of primarily emitted and secondarily formed aerosols from gasoline vehicle exhausts were investigated by quantifying the particle rebound fraction (f). The rebound behaviors of gasoline vehicle emission-related aerosols varied with engines, fuel types, and photochemical aging time, showing distinguished differences from biogenic secondary organic aerosols. The nonliquid-to-liquid phase transition of primary aerosols emitted from port fuel injection (PFI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles started at a relative humidity (RH) = 50 and 60%, and liquefaction was accomplished at 60 and 70%, respectively. The RH at which f declined to 0.5 decreased from 70 to 65% for the PFI case with 92# fuel, corresponding to the photochemical aging time from 0.37 to 4.62 days. For the GDI case, such RH enhanced from 60 to 65%. Our results can be used to imply the phase state of traffic-related aerosols and further understand their roles in urban atmospheric chemistry. Taking Beijing, China, as an example, traffic-related aerosols were mainly nonliquid during winter with the majority ambient RH below 50%, whereas they were mostly liquid during the morning rush hour of summer, and traffic-related secondary aerosols fluctuated between nonliquid and liquid during the daytime and tended to be liquid at night with increased ambient RH.
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| 25. |
- Parvez, Khaled, et al.
(författare)
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Exfoliation of Graphite into Graphene in Aqueous Solutions of Inorganic Salts
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 136:16, s. 6083-6091
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mass production of high-quality graphene sheets is essential for their practical application in electronics, optoelectronics, composite materials, and energy-storage devices. Here we report a prompt electrochemical exfoliation of graphene sheets into aqueous solutions of different inorganic salts ((NH4)(2)SO4, Na2SO4, K2SO4, etc.). Exfoliation in these electrolytes leads to graphene with a high yield (greater than85%, less than= 3 layers), large lateral size (up to 44 mu m), low oxidation degree (a C/O ratio of 17.2), and a remarkable hole mobility of 310 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). Further, highly conductive graphene films (11 Omega sq(-1)) are readily fabricated on an A4-size paper by applying brush painting of a concentrated graphene ink (10 mg mL(-1), in N,N-dimethylformamide). All-solid-state flexible supercapacitors manufactured on the basis of such graphene films deliver a high area capacitance of 11.3 mF cm(-2) and an excellent rate capability of 5000 mV s(-1). The described electrochemical exfoliation shows great promise for the industrial-scale synthesis of high-quality graphene for numerous advanced applications.
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| 26. |
- Rheinbay, E, et al.
(författare)
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Analyses of non-coding somatic drivers in 2,658 cancer whole genomes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 578:7793, s. 102-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The discovery of drivers of cancer has traditionally focused on protein-coding genes1–4. Here we present analyses of driver point mutations and structural variants in non-coding regions across 2,658 genomes from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium5 of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). For point mutations, we developed a statistically rigorous strategy for combining significance levels from multiple methods of driver discovery that overcomes the limitations of individual methods. For structural variants, we present two methods of driver discovery, and identify regions that are significantly affected by recurrent breakpoints and recurrent somatic juxtapositions. Our analyses confirm previously reported drivers6,7, raise doubts about others and identify novel candidates, including point mutations in the 5′ region of TP53, in the 3′ untranslated regions of NFKBIZ and TOB1, focal deletions in BRD4 and rearrangements in the loci of AKR1C genes. We show that although point mutations and structural variants that drive cancer are less frequent in non-coding genes and regulatory sequences than in protein-coding genes, additional examples of these drivers will be found as more cancer genomes become available.
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| 27. |
- Shi, Mangmang, et al.
(författare)
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Aqueous Organic Batteries Using the Proton as a Charge Carrier
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 35:42
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Benefiting from the merits of low cost, nonflammability, and high operational safety, aqueous rechargeable batteries have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale energy-storage applications. Among various metal-ion/non-metallic charge carriers, the proton (H+) as a charge carrier possesses numerous unique properties such as fast proton diffusion dynamics, a low molar mass, and a small hydrated ion radius, which endow aqueous proton batteries (APBs) with a salient rate capability, a long-term life span, and an excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance. In addition, redox-active organic molecules, with the advantages of structural diversity, rich proton-storage sites, and abundant resources, are considered attractive electrode materials for APBs. However, the charge-storage and transport mechanisms of organic electrodes in APBs are still in their infancy. Therefore, finding suitable electrode materials and uncovering the H+-storage mechanisms are significant for the application of organic materials in APBs. Herein, the latest research progress on organic materials, such as small molecules and polymers for APBs, is reviewed. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary and evaluation of APBs employing organic electrodes as anode and/or cathode is provided, especially regarding their low-temperature and high-power performances, along with systematic discussions for guiding the rational design and the construction of APBs based on organic electrodes.
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| 28. |
- Spracklen, Cassandra N., et al.
(författare)
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Exome-Derived Adiponectin-Associated Variants Implicate Obesity and Lipid Biology
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : CELL PRESS. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 105:1, s. 15-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circulating levels of adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted protein associated with cardiovascular and metabolic risk, are highly heritable. To gain insights into the biology that regulates adiponectin levels, we performed an exome array meta-analysis of 265,780 genetic variants in 67,739 individuals of European, Hispanic, African American, and East Asian ancestry. We identified 20 loci associated with adiponectin, including 11 that had been reported previously (p < 2 x 10(-7)). Comparison of exome array variants to regional linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns and prior genome-wide association study (GWAS) results detected candidate variants (r(2) > .60) spanning as much as 900 kb. To identify potential genes and mechanisms through which the previously unreported association signals act to affect adiponectin levels, we assessed cross-trait associations, expression quantitative trait loci in subcutaneous adipose, and biological pathways of nearby genes. Eight of the nine loci were also associated (p < 1 x 10(-4)) with at least one obesity or lipid trait. Candidate genes include PRKAR2A, PTH1R, and HDAC9, which have been suggested to play roles in adipocyte differentiation or bone marrow adipose tissue. Taken together, these findings provide further insights into the processes that influence circulating adiponectin levels.
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| 29. |
- Tian, Ruifeng, et al.
(författare)
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Pressure-promoted highly-ordered Fe-doped-Ni2B for effective oxygen evolution reaction and overall water splitting
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 9:10, s. 6469-6475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate doping at special atomic sites can achieve effective control of active centers for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), leading to the synthesis of active intermediates with higher conversion efficiency. Here we report the successful doping of Ni2B with Fe/Co to form highly ordered FeNiB and CoNiB electrocatalysts with a tetragonal Ni2B structure. A highly crystalline FeNiB electrode is found to have a very low polarization overpotential of 257 mV for the OER and a water splitting potential of 1.54 V at a current density of 10 mA cm(-2). XRD refinement, XPS and XAFS characterization found that doping with iron leads to the weakening of the bond strength of TM-B, which facilitates the adsorption of oxygen. During the OER process, the increasing dissolution of boron oxides promotes the effective exposure of metal active centers and boosts the catalytic performance. Theoretical calculations reveal that the substitution of Fe atoms in Ni2B make its DOS near the Fermi level higher by 2.78 times compared to that of the original Ni2B, which helps to increase the electronic conductivity and the catalytic performance.
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| 30. |
- Turcot, Valerie, et al.
(författare)
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Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:1, s. 26-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are similar to 10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed similar to 7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.
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| 31. |
- Wang, Mengmeng, et al.
(författare)
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Statistical analysis of whistler precursors upstream of foreshock transient shocks : MMS observations
- 2024
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 51:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the high-time-resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, precursor waves upstream of foreshock transient (FT) shocks are statistically investigated using the four-spacecraft timing method. The wave frequencies and wave vectors determined in the plasma rest frame (PRF) are shown to follow the cold plasma dispersion relation for whistler waves. Combining with the feature of the right-hand polarization in the PRF, the precursors are identified as whistler-mode waves around the lower hybrid frequency. The occurrence of whistler precursors is independent of the Alfvén Mach number and the FT shock normal angle. More importantly, all the whistler precursors have group velocities pointing upstream in the shock frame, suggesting the dispersive radiation to be a possible generation mechanism. The study improves the understanding of not only the whistler precursors but also the overall FT shock dynamics.
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| 32. |
- Wu, Yuan, et al.
(författare)
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In situ constructed Ag/C conductive network enhancing the C-rate performance of Si based anode
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Energy Storage. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2352-152X .- 2352-1538. ; 17, s. 102-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Poor intrinsic electrical conductivity as well as considerable volume change during lithium alloying/dealloying process has been a critical defect for high theoretical capacity silicon-based anodes. In our work, we demonstrate the synthesis design of multiscale recombined dendritic Si/Ag/C anode for high energy density LIBs via compositing bulky silicon with uniformly distributed Ag NPs, followed by a carbon source PDA (polydopamine) coating step. Here Ag NPs are generated by an in situ redox reaction between Ag+ and PDA, no need for additional reducing agents. According to the characterization analysis, the robust porous Si/Ag/C structure can provide channels for fast Li+ diffusion and electron conduction, promoting the formation of a thinner and more stable SEI film. As a result, the Si/Ag/C composite anode still yields a relatively high residual capacity of 1422.1 mAh g (1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g (1). In addition, it remains 633.1 mAh g (1) after 500 cycles at a high current density of 8 A g (1).
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Yaghootkar, Hanieh, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Studies of Leptin Concentrations Implicate Leptin in the Regulation of Early Adiposity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 69:12, s. 2806-2818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptin influences food intake by informing the brain about the status of body fat stores. Rare LEP mutations associated with congenital leptin deficiency cause severe early-onset obesity that can be mitigated by administering leptin. However, the role of genetic regulation of leptin in polygenic obesity remains poorly understood. We performed an exome-based analysis in up to 57,232 individuals of diverse ancestries to identify genetic variants that influence adiposity-adjusted leptin concentrations. We identify five novel variants, including four missense variants, in LEP, ZNF800, KLHL31, and ACTL9, and one intergenic variant near KLF14. The missense variant Val94Met (rs17151919) in LEP was common in individuals of African ancestry only, and its association with lower leptin concentrations was specific to this ancestry (P = 2 × 10-16, n = 3,901). Using in vitro analyses, we show that the Met94 allele decreases leptin secretion. We also show that the Met94 allele is associated with higher BMI in young African-ancestry children but not in adults, suggesting that leptin regulates early adiposity.
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| 35. |
- Zhang, Jiming, et al.
(författare)
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Carbamate pesticides exposure and delayed physical development at the age of seven : Evidence from the SMBCS study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Carbamate pesticides are widely used in agriculture and cause widespread human exposure. The health effect of carbamates on physical development remains unclear. The current study aimed to explore the carbamate's health effect on physical development.METHODS: Prenatal, 3-year-old, 7-year-old urinary carbofuranphenol concentration was measured by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and adjusted by creatinine. Anthropometric indices were measured by standard method and z-score standardized. Generalized linear models (GLM) were using to assess associations between exposure measurements and anthropometric indices. The generalized estimate equation (GEE) was applied to analyze the association between multiperiod exposure and anthropometric indices, and time-interaction terms were used to exam health effect consistency of exposure in each period. Gender-stratified analysis were conducted according to results of gender-interaction terms to identify gender-specific effects.RESULTS: The gender-interaction term of prenatal exposure with height z-score was significant (β = -0.057; 95% CI: -0.113, -0.001; p = 0.045). The 3-year-old carbofuranphenol level showed negative associations with weight z-score (β = -0.019; 95% CI: -0.038, -0.000; p = 0.040), height z-score (β = -0.015; 95% CI: -0.028, -0.001; p = 0.026), chest circumference (β = -0.086; 95% CI: -0.171, -0.001; p = 0.046), and waist circumference (β = -0.128; 95% CI: -0.230, -0.026; p = 0.014). No statistically significant trend was found for prenatal and 7-year-old carbofuranphenol levels. In GEEs, carbofuranphenol level was negatively associated with weight z-score (β = -0.103; 95% CI: -0.195, -0.011; p = 0.027), height z-score (β = -0.087; 95% CI: -0.152, -0.022; p = 0.008), and chest circumference (β = -0.472; 95% CI: -0.918, -0.026; p = 0.037). Boy's height z-score was inversely associated with carbamate exposure (β = -0.140; 95% CI: -0.227, -0.053; p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal and postnatal carbamate exposure may affect physical developmental process.
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| 36. |
- Zhang, Jiming, et al.
(författare)
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Early-life carbamate exposure and intelligence quotient of seven-year-old children
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early-life carbamate exposure during developmental period has been linked with adverse health effects and attracted attention.Methods: Three hundred and three children at age of seven were included in the current study. Urinary carbofuranphenol concentrations were measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Verbal, performance and full-scale intelligence quotients (IQ(V), IQ(P), and IQ(FS)) were assessed using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese Revised. Generalized linear models were used to explore the associations between carbofuranphenol levels and IQs. Generalized estimating equations were used to explore long-term health effect and sensitive time window.Results: Carbofuranphenol was detected in 96.6% of the seven-year-old urinary samples, the geometric mean, median, and inter quartile range of the carbofuranphenol concentrations were 0.67 mu g/L, 0.30 mu g/L, and 0.09-3.72 mu g/L, respectively, which were similar with the level of three-year-old children from the SMBCS cohort. Seven-year-old carbofuranphenol level was negatively associated with IQP [beta = -0.044; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.087, -0.001; p = 0.045]. Three-year-old carbofuranphenol level was negatively associated with IQP (beta =-0.100; 95% CI: -0.186, -0.014; p= 0.022) and IQFS (beta =-0.087; 95% CI: -0.173, -0.001; p = 0.047). Carbamate exposure of maternal and children at both three and seven years old had negative associations with IQP (beta = -0.089; 95% CI: -0.171, -0.007; p = 0.034), and IQFS (beta = -0.064; 95% CI: -0.127, -0.000; p = 0.049) of children at age of seven.Conclusion: Results of the present study verify that children in an agricultural region of China were widely exposed to carbamate pesticides. Carbamate exposure in utero and at three and seven years may adversely impact children's neurodevelopment.
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| 37. |
- Zhang, Jiming, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to carbamate and neurodevelopment in children : Evidence from the SMBCS cohort in China
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Academic Press. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Carbamate pesticides exposure have been linked with adverse health effects during developmental period. Based on 377 mother-child pairs from Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study, the present study aimed to assess carbofuranphenol exposure of three-year-old children and explore the associations between prenatal or postnatal carbofuranphenol exposures and neurodevelopmental indicators.METHODS: Urinary carbofuranphenol concentrations were measured by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Neural developmental quotient (DQ) of children was evaluated using Gesell Developmental Schedules. Generalized linear models were used to examine the associations between carbofuranphenol concentrations and neurodevelopment.RESULTS: Geometric mean, geometric standard deviation, median, inter quartile range of postnatal urinary carbofuranphenol concentrations were 0.653 μg/L, 9.345 μg/L, 0.413 μg/L, 0.150-1.675 μg/L, respectively. Postnatal carbofuranphenol level showed negatively significant trend in language DQ [beta (β) = -0.121; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.212, -0.031; p value (p) = 0.008] and total average DQ (β = -0.059, 95% CI: 0.115, -0.003; p = 0.035). Prenatal carbofuranphenol level showed negative correlations with children's adaptive DQ (β = -0.755; 95% CI: 1.257, -0.254; p = 0.003), social DQ (β = -0.341; 95% CI: 0.656, -0.027; p = 0.032) and total average DQ (β = -0.349; 95% CI: 0.693, -0.005; p = 0.047).CONCLUSION: The results of the present study supposed children in agricultural region of China are widely exposed to carbamate pesticides, and both prenatal and postnatal exposure to carbamate pesticides may lead to neurodevelopmental effect.
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| 38. |
- Zhang, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
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IoRT Data Collection With LEO Satellite-Assisted and Cache-Enabled UAV : A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 73:4, s. 5872-5884
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Space air ground integrated network (SAGIN), leveraging low earth orbit (LEO) satellites and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), is expected to play a key role in providing services to Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) in the sixth generation (6G) communications. Our considered SAGIN incorporates a cache node on the UAV to cope with the data rate fluctuation in the backhaul link (UAV to satellite), allowing temporary storage of collected data during low data rate periods. In this paper, we aim to minimize the completion time of data collection in SAGIN by optimizing the UAV trajectory, IoRT device association scheme, and data caching policy (whether to store data temporarily or not in the UAV). Since the formulated problem is challenging to solve by using traditional optimization methods due to the unknown number of decision variables and the changing environment, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based algorithm to efficiently solve it. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm requires less time to complete data collection compared to both the circular trajectory scheme and the no-cache node scheme under various setups. Moreover, our proposed algorithm can adapt to uneven data distribution by approaching closer to the IoRT nodes with large data sizes, and it can also mitigate the influence of backhaul link fluctuations with the aid of the cache node.
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| 39. |
- Zhu, Zhenshuo, et al.
(författare)
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Histone demethylase complexes KDM3A and KDM3B cooperate with OCT4/SOX2 to define a pluripotency gene regulatory network
- 2021
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Ingår i: The FASEB Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 35:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pluripotency gene regulatory network of porcine induced pluripotent stem cells(piPSCs), especially in epigenetics, remains elusive. To determine the biological function of epigenetics, we cultured piPSCs in different culture conditions. We found that activation of pluripotent gene- and pluripotency-related pathways requires the erasure of H3K9 methylation modification which was further influenced by mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) served feeder. By dissecting the dynamic change of H3K9 methylation during loss of pluripotency, we demonstrated that the H3K9 demethylases KDM3A and KDM3B regulated global H3K9me2/me3 level and that their co-depletion led to the collapse of the pluripotency gene regulatory network. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) provided evidence that KDM3A and KDM3B formed a complex to perform H3K9 demethylation. The genome-wide regulation analysis revealed that OCT4 (O) and SOX2 (S), the core pluripotency transcriptional activators, maintained the pluripotent state of piPSCs depending on the H3K9 hypomethylation. Further investigation revealed that O/S cooperating with histone demethylase complex containing KDM3A and KDM3B promoted pluripotency genes expression to maintain the pluripotent state of piPSCs. Together, these data offer a unique insight into the epigenetic pluripotency network of piPSCs.
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