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- Wurst, FM, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging biomarkers: New directions and clinical applications
- 2005
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Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - 0145-6008. ; 29:3, s. 465-473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article summarizes content proceedings of a symposium held at the 2004 Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Annual Meeting in Vancouver, Canada. The chairs were Friedrich M. Wurst and Raye Litten. The presentations were (1) Introduction, by Raye Litten; (2) Direct Ethanol Metabolites-On the Threshold From Science to Routine Use, by Friedrich M. Wurst; (3) Sialic Acid Index of Plasma Apolipoprotein J (SIJ) as a Viable Marker for Chronic Alcohol Consumption, by Philippe Marmillot; (4) The Emergence of Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) Testing as a Tool in Monitoring Healthcare Professionals, by Gregory E. Skipper; (5) Application of Biomarkers for Alcohol Use Disorders in Clinical Practice, by Tim Neumann; (6) Utility of Biomarkers in Assessing the Efficacy of Medications for Treating Alcoholism, by Marty Javors; and (7) Discussion, by Raye, Litten.
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| 3. |
- Wurst, FM, et al.
(författare)
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Ethyl glucuronide discloses recent covert alcohol use not detected by standard testing in forensic psychiatric inpatients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - 0145-6008. ; 27:3, s. 471-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Considerable lives and money could be saved if one could detect early stages of lapsing/ relapsing behavior in addicted persons (e.g., in safety-sensitive workplaces) and could disclose harmful drinking in social drinkers. Due to the serious public health problem of alcohol use and abuse worldwide, markers of alcohol use have been sought. Both ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and phosphatidyl ethanol (PEth) appear to have high sensitivity and specificity and a time frame of detection that may elucidate alcohol use not detected by standard testing. Our aim was to assess their potential for detecting recent covert alcohol use under controlled conditions. Methods: Thirty-five forensic psychiatric inpatients in a closed ward who had committed a substance-related offense (xi64 StGB), were followed for 12 months. The complete time spectrum of possible alcohol consumption was covered by the complementary use of breath and urinary ethanol (hours), urinary EtG (days), %carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT)/PEth (weeks), and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)/ mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (weeks-mouths). Results: Fourteen of the 146 urine samples examined were positive for EtG. In all EtG-positive cases, patients reported alcohol consumption of between 40 and 200 g of ethanol 12-60 hr prior to testing. Urinary and breath ethanol were positive in only one case. In the blood samples, PEth was not positive in any case and %CDT did not exceed the reference value. Isoelectric focusing showed no abnormal Tf subtypes. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness, specificity, and sensitivity of EtG as a marker of recent alcohol use. Such a test is needed in numerous settings, including alcohol and drug treatment (to detect lapse/relapse), in safety-sensitive work settings where use is dangerous or in other settings where use may be inappropriate (e.g., such as driving, workplace, pregnancy, or monitoring physicians or other professionals who are in recovery and working), or for testing other groups (such as children or those with medical problems) where alcohol use would be unhealthy or unsafe. The health, social and socioeconomic benefits arising from the future use of these markers is hard to overestimate.
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- Wurst, FM, et al.
(författare)
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World Health Organization/International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism study on state and trait markers of alcohol use and dependence: Back to the future
- 2005
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Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - 0145-6008. ; 29:7, s. 1268-1275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article summarizes content proceedings of a symposium held at the 2004 International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism Congress in Mannheim, Germany. The chairs were Boris Tabakoff and Friedrich M. Wurst. The presentations were (1) Genetic associations with alcoholism and affective disorders, by Paula Hoffman; (2) Proteomic analysis of blood constituents in alcoholism, by Boris Tabakoff; (3) Contrasts between the responses of GGT and CDT to high alcohol intake, and a test of their combined use, by John Whitfield; (4) Direct ethanol metabolites such as ethyl glucuronide, fatty acid ethyl esters, phosphatidylethanol and ethyl sulfate: a new line of sensitive and specific biomarkers, by Friedrich Martin Wurst; and (5) Genetic studies of alcoholism subtypes in a Han Taiwanese population, by Ru-Band Lu.
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