| 1. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
-
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Cui, Shaohua, et al.
(författare)
-
Adaptive Collision-Free Trajectory Tracking Control for String Stable Bidirectional Platoons
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 24:11, s. 12141-12153
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autonomous vehicle (AV) platoons, especially those with the bidirectional communication topology, have significant practical value, as they not only increase link capacity and reduce vehicle energy consumption, but also reduce the consumption of communication resources. Small gaps between AVs in a platoon easily lead to emergency braking or even collisions between consecutive AVs. This paper applies barrier Lyapunov functions to collision avoidance between AVs in a bidirectional platoon during trajectory tracking. Based on backstepping technique, an adaptive collision-free platoon trajectory tracking control algorithm is developed to distributedly design control laws for each AV in the platoon. The control algorithm does not need to introduce additional car-following models to simulate AV driving, and only needs to integrate the position trajectories of consecutive AVs to avoid inter-vehicle collisions. Two sign functions are introduced into the control laws of each AV to ensure strong string stability for bidirectional AV platoons. Moreover, uncertainties and external disturbances in vehicle motion are effectively compensated by introducing adaptation laws. Strong string stability is rigorously proved. CarSIM-based comparison simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm in avoiding inter-vehicle collisions, compensating for uncertainties in vehicle motion, and suppressing the amplification of spacing errors along the platoon.
|
|
| 4. |
- Cui, Shaohua, 1995, et al.
(författare)
-
Delay-throughput tradeoffs for signalized networks with finite queue capacity
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. - 0191-2615. ; 180
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Network-level adaptive signal control is an effective way to reduce delay and increase network throughput. However, in the face of asymmetric exogenous demand, the increase of network performance via adaptive signal control alone is at the expense of service fairness (i.e., phase actuation fairness and network resource utilization fairness). In addition, for oversaturated networks, arbitrary adaptive signal control seems to have little effect on improving network performance. Therefore, under the assumption that the mean routing proportions/turn ratios of vehicles at intersections are fixed, this study investigates the problem of optimally allocating input rates to entry links and simultaneously finding a stabilizing signal control policy with phase fairness. We model the stochastic optimization problem of maximizing network throughput subject to network stability (i.e., all queue lengths have finite means) and average phase actuation constraints to bridge the gap between stochastic network stability control and convex optimization. Moreover, we further propose a micro-level joint admission and bounded signal control algorithm to achieve network stability and throughput optimization simultaneously. Joint control is implemented in a fully decomposed and distributed manner. For any arrival rate, joint control provably achieves network throughput within O(1/V) of optimality while trading off average delay with O(V), where V is an adjusted control parameter. Through a comparative simulation of a real network with 256 O-D pairs, the proposed joint control keeps network throughput at maximum, guarantees service fairness, and fully utilizes network capacity (i.e., increases network throughput by 17.54%).
|
|
| 5. |
- Cui, Shaohua, et al.
(författare)
-
Temporal Finite-Time Adaptation in Controlling Quantized Nonlinear Systems Amidst Time-Varying Output Constraints
- 2024
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering. - 1558-3783 .- 1545-5955. ; In Press
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the backstepping technique, this paper formulates innovative adaptive finite-time stabilizing controllers for uncertain nonlinear systems featuring nonuniform input quantization and asymmetric, time-varying output constraints. These novel controllers leverage the consistent characteristics of both hysteresis quantizers and logarithmic quantizers. Quantization errors, when consistent, become unbounded and contingent on control input, rendering them incompatible with the growth conditions of nonlinear systems. Consequently, the developed adaptive controllers eliminate the reliance on growth conditions, effectively addressing the impact of unbounded quantization errors on finite-time stability. This adaptability allows the controllers to function effectively with systems employing either hysteresis quantizers or logarithmic quantizers. The paper establishes the convergence of these controllers through the finite-time Lyapunov stability theorem. It also provides a comprehensive guideline for tuning settling time, enabling fine-grained control over finite-time convergence and adjustable tracking error performance. Additionally, the controllers rigorously maintain system output within predefined limits. Their effectiveness and low computational burden are demonstrated through three comparative numerical simulations and a practical simulation in collision-free trajectory tracking control of an autonomous vehicle platoon using the vehicle motion software CarSim. These simulations confirm the advanced performance of the adaptive controllers. Note to Practitioners—This paper introduces an innovative approach to control uncertain nonlinear systems encountering intricate input quantization and output constraints. Employing the sophisticated backstepping technique, the authors present adaptive finite-time-stabilizing controllers engineered to address nonuniform input quantization and asymmetric, time-varying output restrictions. What distinguishes these controllers is their reliance on the consistent behavior exhibited by hysteresis and logarithmic quantizers. This unique feature equips them to effectively counteract unbounded quantization errors influenced by control input. Most notably, these controllers eliminate the conventional growth conditions typically demanded by nonlinear systems. As a result, they extend their applicability to a broad spectrum of systems employing either hysteresis or logarithmic quantizers. The research also provides practitioners with a valuable guideline for precisely adjusting settling time. This enables the attainment of desired convergence rates while permitting adaptable tracking error performance. Additionally, these controllers guarantee that the system’s output adheres to predefined limits. The practical significance of this study is highlighted through three comparative numerical simulations and a real-world application simulation. This real-world simulation involves collision-free trajectory tracking control of an autonomous vehicle platoon, executed using the vehicle motion software CarSim. These simulations unequivocally demonstrate the effectiveness and low computational burden of the developed controllers, thereby establishing them as a valuable resource for practitioners facing complex control challenges in various domains.
|
|
| 6. |
- Han, Xue, et al.
(författare)
-
Empirical analysis for Distributed Energy Resources' impact on future distribution network
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Energy Conference and Exhibition (ENERGYCON), 2012 IEEE International. - : IEEE. - 9781467314541 ; , s. 731-737
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has been a large body of statements claiming that the large scale deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) will eventually reshape the future distribution grid operation in various ways. Thus, it is interesting to introduce a platform to interpret to what extent the power system operation will be alternated. In this paper, quantitative results in terms of how the future distribution grid will be changed by the deployment of distributed generation, active demand and electric vehicles, are presented. The analysis is based on the conditions for both a radial and a meshed distribution network. The input parameters are based on the current and envisioned DER deployment scenarios proposed for Sweden.
|
|
| 7. |
- Han, Xue, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling Framework and the Quantitative Analysis of Distributed Energy Resources in Future Distribution Networks
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems. - : De Gruyter. - 2194-5756 .- 1553-779X. ; 14:5, s. 421-431
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has been a large body of statements claiming that the large-scale deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) could eventually reshape the future distribution grid operation in numerous ways. Thus, it is necessary to introduce a framework to measure to what extent the power system operation will be changed by various parameters of DERs. This article proposed a modelling framework for an overview analysis on the correlation between DERs. Furthermore, to validate the framework, the authors described the reference models of different categories of DERs with their unique characteristics, comprising distributed generation, active demand and electric vehicles. Subsequently, quantitative analysis was made on the basis of the current and envisioned DER deployment scenarios proposed for Sweden. Simulations are performed in two typical distribution network models for four seasons. The simulation results show that in general the DER deployment brings in the possibilities to reduce the power losses and voltage drops by compensating power from the local generation and optimizing the local load profiles.
|
|
| 8. |
- Li, Wenyun, et al.
(författare)
-
Personalized microbial fingerprint associated with differential glycemic effects of a whole grain rye intervention on Chinese adults
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1613-4125 .- 1613-4133.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scope: This study aims to identify the gut enterotypes that explain differential responses to intervention with whole grain rye by proposing an “enterotype - metabolic” model.Methods and results: A 12-week randomized controlled trial is conducted in Chinese adults, with 79 subjects consuming whole grain products with fermented rye bran (FRB) and 77 consuming refined wheat products in this exploratory post-hoc analysis. Responders or non-responders are identified according to whether blood glucose decreased by more than 10% after rye intervention. Compared to non-responders, responders in FRB have higher baseline Bacteroides (p < 0.001), associated with reduced blood glucose (p < 0.001), increased Faecalibacterium (p = 0.020) and Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG.003 (p = 0.022), as well as deceased 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (p = 0.033) after intervention. The differentiated gut microbiota and metabolites between responders and non-responders after intervention are enriched in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.Conclusion: The work confirms the previously suggested importance of microbial enterotypes in differential responses to whole grain interventions and supports taking enterotypes into consideration for improved efficacy of whole grain intervention for preventing type 2 diabetes. Altered short-chain fatty acids and bile acid metabolism might be a potential mediator for the beneficial effects of whole grain rye on glucose metabolism.
|
|
| 9. |
- Liu, Jiale, et al.
(författare)
-
STING inhibitors sensitize platinum chemotherapy in ovarian cancer by inhibiting the CGAS-STING pathway in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Cancer Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3835 .- 1872-7980. ; 588
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer hampers cure rates, with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) playing a pivotal role. Despite their known impact on cancer progression and chemotherapy resistance, the specific mechanism by which CAFs regulate the tumor inflammatory environment remains unclear. This study reveals that cisplatin facilitates DNA transfer from ovarian cancer cells to CAFs, activating the CGAS-STING-IFNB1 pathway in CAFs and promoting IFNB1 release. Consequently, this reinforces cancer cell resistance to platinum drugs. High STING expression in the tumor stroma was associated with a poor prognosis, while inhibiting STING expression enhanced ovarian cancer sensitivity. Understanding the relevance of the CGAS-STING pathway in CAFs for platinum resistance suggests targeting STING as a promising combination therapy for ovarian cancer, providing potential avenues for improved treatment outcomes.
|
|
| 10. |
- Liu, Yuwei, et al.
(författare)
-
The effects of fermented rye products on gut microbiota and their association with metabolic factors in Chinese adults : an explorative study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Food & Function. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2042-6496 .- 2042-650X. ; 12:19, s. 9141-9150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rye is among the cereals with the highest content of dietary fibre. A high rye food intake has been associated with improved metabolic risk factors in some but not all observational and intervention studies. Whole-grain rye has also been suggested to affect the gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, it is yet unclear to what extent effects on the gut microbiota mediate the beneficial metabolic responses of whole-grain rye intake. We hypothesized that a high intake of whole grain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) vs. refined wheat based products (RW) could alter the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition towards a phenotype associated with beneficial metabolic effects in a population not used to such foods. For this purpose, we conducted a post hoc analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial in Chinese adults with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, with 53 participants consuming RW and 31 participants consuming FRB included in the analysis. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood and fecal sample analyses as well as 13C-urea breath test were performed at baseline and after a 12-week intervention. At week 12, we observed a higher serum insulin concentration (P-value = 0.038) in the FRB group (n = 31) versus the RW group (n = 53), and this difference was corroborated with alterations in the genus-level relative abundances of the gut microbiota, represented by an increase in Romboutsia and a reduction in Bilophila in the FRB group (n = 22) versus the RW group (n = 46). Compared to the RW group (n = 53), fecal acetic acid concentration was significantly higher in the FRB group (n = 31) at week 12. We also found that fecal acetic and butyric acids positively, while isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids inversely, correlated with the gut Romboutsia level among all participants (n = 68) at week 12. We found positive correlations of fecal isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids with gut Bilophila (n = 68). In conclusion, our results suggest that the intake of high-fibre rye products could modify gut Romboutsia and Bilophila in a Chinese population with HP infection. These effects are paralleled with favorable modifications of the SCFA concentration and are associated with altered glycemic traits.
|
|
| 11. |
- Liu, Yuwei, et al.
(författare)
-
The effects of fermented rye products on gut microbiota and their association with metabolic factors in Chinese adults - an explorative study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Food and Function. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2042-6496 .- 2042-650X. ; 12:19, s. 9141-9150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rye is among the cereals with the highest content of dietary fibre. A high rye food intake has been associated with improved metabolic risk factors in some but not all observational and intervention studies. Whole-grain rye has also been suggested to affect the gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, it is yet unclear to what extent effects on the gut microbiota mediate the beneficial metabolic responses of whole-grain rye intake. We hypothesized that a high intake of whole grain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) vs. refined wheat based products (RW) could alter the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition towards a phenotype associated with beneficial metabolic effects in a population not used to such foods. For this purpose, we conducted a post hoc analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial in Chinese adults with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, with 53 participants consuming RW and 31 participants consuming FRB included in the analysis. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood and fecal sample analyses as well as C-13-urea breath test were performed at baseline and after a 12-week intervention. At week 12, we observed a higher serum insulin concentration (P-value = 0.038) in the FRB group (n = 31) versus the RW group (n = 53), and this difference was corroborated with alterations in the genus-level relative abundances of the gut microbiota, represented by an increase in Romboutsia and a reduction in Bilophila in the FRB group (n = 22) versus the RW group (n = 46). Compared to the RW group (n = 53), fecal acetic acid concentration was significantly higher in the FRB group (n = 31) at week 12. We also found that fecal acetic and butyric acids positively, while isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids inversely, correlated with the gut Romboutsia level among all participants (n = 68) at week 12. We found positive correlations of fecal isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids with gut Bilophila (n = 68). In conclusion, our results suggest that the intake of high-fibre rye products could modify gut Romboutsia and Bilophila in a Chinese population with HP infection. These effects are paralleled with favorable modifications of the SCFA concentration and are associated with altered glycemic traits.
|
|
| 12. |
- Peng, Ningxin, et al.
(författare)
-
Platelet mitochondrial DNA methylation : A novel biomarker for myocardial infarction – A preliminary study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - 0167-5273.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Platelet activation and thrombus formation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI). In addition to their role in energy production, platelet mitochondria also regulate cellular functions related to apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Epigenetic modifications of platelet mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may influence platelet function and are believed to be an important factor in MI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the differences in platelet mtDNA methylation levels between MI patients and controls. Methods: The present study utilized propensity score matching to generate 45 multivariate matched apparently healthy controls for 45 patients with newly-onset acute MI. Platelet mtDNA methylation levels were assessed through bisulfite-PCR pyrosequencing and compared between the two groups, with further adjustments made in the sensitivity analysis. Results: Among the measured mitochondrial genes (MT-COX1, MT-COX2, MT-COX3, MT-ND5, MT-ATP6 and tRNA_Leu), patients with MI exhibited statistically significant differences in mtDNA methylation levels as compared to matched controls. Specifically, higher levels of mtDNA methylation were observed in MT-COX1, MT-COX3, and tRNA_Leu, while a lower level was observed in MT-ATP6 (all p < 0.0001). These results remained robust in the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated significant variations in platelet mtDNA methylation levels between patients with MI and controls. Platelet mtDNA methylation may serve as a novel biomarker for MI. This observation also provided some insights into the etiology of MI.
|
|
| 13. |
- Rutter, Nick, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of forest snow processes models (SnowMIP2)
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 114:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty-three snowpack models of varying complexity and purpose were evaluated across a wide range of hydrometeorological and forest canopy conditions at five Northern Hemisphere locations, for up to two winter snow seasons. Modeled estimates of snow water equivalent (SWE) or depth were compared to observations at forest and open sites at each location. Precipitation phase and duration of above-freezing air temperatures are shown to be major influences on divergence and convergence of modeled estimates of the subcanopy snowpack. When models are considered collectively at all locations, comparisons with observations show that it is harder to model SWE at forested sites than open sites. There is no universal "best'' model for all sites or locations, but comparison of the consistency of individual model performances relative to one another at different sites shows that there is less consistency at forest sites than open sites, and even less consistency between forest and open sites in the same year. A good performance by a model at a forest site is therefore unlikely to mean a good model performance by the same model at an open site (and vice versa). Calibration of models at forest sites provides lower errors than uncalibrated models at three out of four locations. However, benefits of calibration do not translate to subsequent years, and benefits gained by models calibrated for forest snow processes are not translated to open conditions.
|
|
| 14. |
- Wan, Lu Ming, et al.
(författare)
-
Heparanase Facilitates PMA-Induced Megakaryocytic Differentiation in K562 Cells via Interleukin 6/STAT3 Pathway
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 120:4, s. 647-657
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heparanase (HPSE) is an endo-beta-D-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate and hence participates in remodeling of the extracellular matrix, leading to release of cytokines that are immobilized by binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), and consequently activating signaling pathways. This function of HPSE is correlated to its expression level that is normally very low in majority of the tissues. Exceptionally, human platelets express high level of HPSE, suggesting a unique physiological role in this cell. Using K562 cell line, we found a progressive increase of HPSE during the megakaryocytic differentiation. Analysis of a series of megakaryocytic differentiation-related heparin-binding proteins (HBPs) in the cell culture medium revealed an exclusive positive correlation between the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and HPSE expression. IL-6 modulated megakaryocytic differentiation through activation of STAT3. Further, we demonstrated that overexpression of HPSE potentiates megakaryocytic differentiation, whereas elimination of HPSE led to a delayed differentiation. This function of HPSE is associated with its activity, as overexpression of inactive HPSE had no effect on IL-6 production and megakaryocytic differentiation. The role of HPSE is further supported by the observation in an umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells megakaryocytic differentiation model. Our data propose a novel role for HPSE in platelets production by a HPSE/IL-6/STAT3 positive feedback loop that specifically regulates megakaryocytes maturation.
|
|
| 15. |
- Wen, Xu, et al.
(författare)
-
A generalized flamelet tabulation method for partially premixed combustion
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Combustion and Flame. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-2180. ; 198, s. 54-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A flamelet tabulation method for partially premixed flames is proposed, in which partially premixed flamelets are incorporated as the archetypal flamelet elements. This method considers triple flame structures with both the partial premixing of fuel in the oxidizer side and the partial premixing of oxidizer in the fuel side, by replacing the pure-air and pure-fuel in the counterflow diffusion flame with a range of fuel-lean and -rich mixtures, respectively. The thermo-chemical quantities in the partially premixed flamelet are stored in a four-dimensional flamelet library as a function of the mixture fraction Z, describing the mixing process, the reaction progress variable YPV, describing the progress of reactions, and the trajectory variables YF and YO, characterizing the partial premixings of fuel and oxidizer, respectively. The performance of the proposed partially premixed flamelet tabulation (PPFT) method is evaluated through both a priori and a posteriori tests on laminar tribrachial flames with different mixture fraction gradients. The PPFT results are compared with those from a premixed flamelet tabulation (PFT) method and a diffusion flamelet tabulation (DFT) method. It is found that the combustion-mode-sensitive species such as CO and H2 can be accurately predicted by the PPFT method for both the low and high mixture fraction gradient flame cases, which cannot be well predicted by the PFT and DFT methods.
|
|
| 16. |
- Wu, Renbing, et al.
(författare)
-
Pt nanodendrites anchored on bamboo-shaped carbon nanofiber arrays as highly efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 38:36, s. 16677-16684
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to improve the Pt utilization and enhance their catalytic performance in fuel cells, a novel composite electrode composed of single-crystalline Pt nanodendrites and support constructed by bamboo-shaped carbon nanofiber arrays (CNFAs) on carbon paper, is reported. This electrode is designed by growing vertically CNFAs on carbon paper via plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, followed by the direct synthesis of Pt nanodendrites using a simple surfactant-free aqueous solution method. Electron microscopy studies reveal that the Pt nanodendrites are uniformly high dispersed and anchored on the surface of CNFAs. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the resultant electrode exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction than commercial Pt/C catalyst, suggesting its potential application in fuel cells.
|
|
| 17. |
- Xue, Kun, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of a Fermented High-Fiber Rye Diet on Helicobacter pylori and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors : A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Helicobacter pylori-Positive Chinese Adults
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - : Progressive Frontiers Press. - 2296-861X. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: High dietary fiber intake has been associated with reduced risk of Helicobacter pylori infection and co-morbidities such as gastric cancer but also with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. It has been suggested that fermented rye could affect Helicobacter pylori bacterial load and that high- fiber rye may be superior to wheat for improvement of several cardiometabolic risk factors, but few long-term interventions with high fiber rye foods have been conducted.Objective: To examine the effect of high-fiber wholegrain rye foods with added fermented rye bran vs. refined wheat on Helicobacter pylori infection and cardiometabolic risk markers in a Chinese population with a low habitual consumption of high fiber cereal foods.Design: A parallel dietary intervention was set up and 182 normal- or overweight men and women were randomized to consume wholegrain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) or refined wheat (RW) for 12 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood sample collection and 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) were performed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of intervention as well as 12 weeks after the end of the intervention.Results: No difference between diets on Helicobacter pylori bacterial load measured by 13C-UBT breath test or in virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori in blood samples were found. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were significantly lower in the FRB group, compared to the RW group after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention diets did not affect markers of glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity.Conclusions: While the results of the present study did not support any effect of FRB on Helicobacter pylori bacterial load, beneficial effects on LDL-C and hs-CRP were clearly shown. This suggest that consumption of high fiber rye foods instead of refined wheat could be one strategy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Xue, Qingwen, et al.
(författare)
-
A Context-Aware Framework for Risky Driving Behavior Evaluation Based on Trajectory Data
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine. - 1939-1390 .- 1941-1197. ; 15:1, s. 70-83
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risky driving behaviors are one of the key contributors to traffic accidents. The rapid and accurate identification of them is important to improve the safety of the driving environment. This study introduces a contextaware framework for the evaluation of risky driving behaviors based on trajectory data. It consists of three models to identify the context, determine risky maneuvers, and evaluate risky driving behaviors. We first propose a surrogate-based method to label risky maneuvers considering context factors. Then, the features of driving trajectories are extracted as the input features for the evaluation of risky behavior. Based on the labeling result and maneuver features, supervised machine learning algorithms are leveraged to model their relationships for evaluations. Three feature extraction methods and five classifiers are compared in this article to select the most suitable one. Last, a context-aware evaluation framework is proposed to recognize risky driving behaviors incorporating context. The trajectory data extracted from unmanned aerial vehicles are used to validate the proposed framework. The results show that the accuracy of risky driving behaviors evaluation could reach 97%. The proposed framework in this study can effectively evaluate risky driving behaviors based on trajectory data with the consideration of context factors.
|
|
| 20. |
- Xue, Qingwen, et al.
(författare)
-
Driving Style Recognition Incorporating Risk Surrogate by Support Vector Machine
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. - Singapore : Springer Singapore. - 2190-3026 .- 2190-3018. ; 231, s. 123-131
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate driving style recognition is a crucial component for advanced driver assistance systems and vehicle control systems to reduce potential rear-end collision risk. This study aims to develop a driving style recognition method incorporating matching learning algorithms and vehicle trajectory data. A risk surrogate, Modified Margin to Collision (MMTC), is proposed to evaluate the collision risk level of each driver’s trajectory. Particularly, the traffic level is considered when labelling the driving style, while it has a great impact on driving preference. Afterwards, each driver’s driving style is labelled based on their collision risk level using the K-means algorithm. Driving behavior features, including acceleration, relative speed, and relative distance, are extracted from vehicle trajectory and processed by time-sequence analysis. Finally, Supporting Vector Machine (SVM) is applied to recognize driving style based on the extracted features and labelled data. The performance of Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) are also compared with SVM. The “leave-one-out” method is used to validate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that SVM over performs others with 91.7% accuracy. This recognition model could effectively recognize the aggressive driving style, which can better support ADAS.
|
|
| 21. |
- Xue, Yongjie, et al.
(författare)
-
A platoon-based cooperative optimal control for connected autonomous vehicles at highway on-ramps under heavy traffic
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research, Part C: Emerging Technologies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-090X. ; 150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve traffic efficiency at highway on-ramps under heavy traffic, this study proposes a platoon-based cooperative optimal control algorithm for connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The proposed algorithm classifies CAVs on both mainline and on-ramp into multiple local platoons (LPs) according to their initial conditions (i.e., spacing and speed), which enables the algorithm to adapt to time-varying traffic volume. A distributed cooperative control for multiple LPs is designed which projects on-ramp LPs onto mainline to transform the complex 2-D multi-platoon cooperation problem into a 1-D platoon following control problem. An optimal control is applied to further consider the strict nonlinear safety spacing constraint and state limitations (e.g., maximum speed and acceleration), and an analytical solution to the optimal control is derived based on Pontryagin's maximum principle. The consensus of intra-platoon and inter-platoon are analyzed, and sufficient conditions of the consensus are mathematically deducted based on Lyapunov stability theorem. Numerical simulations are conducted for different traffic demand levels and demand splits to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The sensitivity analysis of maximum platoon sizes for mainline and on-ramp LPs is performed. A comparison with a baseline virtual platooning merging strategy is conducted, and results show that the proposed algorithm could significantly improve the average travel speed and traffic efficiency, and reduce total travel time.
|
|
| 22. |
- Xue, Zhaoming, et al.
(författare)
-
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Nickel(Ⅱ) Complex with Schiff-base Ligand
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Chinese journal of structural chemistry. - 0254-5861. ; 22:3, s. 265-269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nickel(Ⅱ) complex with the new ligand of S-benzyl-β-N-[10-ethylphenothiazine-3-methylene]dithiocarbazate(HL) crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1-with a = 7.516(1), b = 11.322(1), c = 13.366(1) (A),α= 84.818(1),β= 81.688(1), y= 76.037(1)°, V= 1090.26(3) (A)3, Z = 1, Dc=1.413 g/cm3, F(000) = 482,μ(MoKα)= 0.774 mm-1 (λ= 0.7103(A)),R = 0.0573 and wR =0.1375 for 3357 observed reflections withⅠ≥ 2σ(Ⅰ). The HL has lost a proton from its tautomeric thiol form and acts as a single negatively charged bidentate ligand coordinating to the nickel ion via the mercapto sulfur and β-nitrogen atoms. The geometry around Ni(Ⅱ) is almost square-planar with two equivalent Ni-N and Ni-S bonds. The nonlinear absorption of HL and NiL2 solutions (in DMF) was measured by open-aperture Z-scan technique at the wavelength of 532 nm.
|
|
| 23. |
- Yang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
-
Data-driven rolling eco-speed optimization for autonomous vehicles
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Frontiers of Engineering Management. - 2096-0255 .- 2095-7513. ; In Press
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In urban settings, fluctuating traffic conditions and closely spaced signalized intersections lead to frequent emergency acceleration, deceleration, and idling in vehicles. These maneuvers contribute to elevated energy use and emissions. Advances in vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technologies allow autonomous vehicles (AVs) to perceive signals over long distances and coordinate with other vehicles, thereby mitigating environmentally harmful maneuvers. This paper introduces a data-driven algorithm for rolling eco-speed optimization in AVs aimed at enhancing vehicle operation. The algorithm integrates a deep belief network with a back propagation neural network to formulate a traffic state perception mechanism for predicting feasible speed ranges. Fuel consumption data from the Argonne National Laboratory in the United States serves as the basis for establishing the quantitative correlation between the fuel consumption rate and speed. A spatiotemporal network is subsequently developed to achieve eco-speed optimization for AVs within the projected speed limits. The proposed algorithm results in a 12.2% reduction in energy consumption relative to standard driving practices, without a significant extension in travel time.
|
|
| 24. |
- Yang, Zhi-Bo, et al.
(författare)
-
Stable subspace dimension reduced MUSIC for blade tip timing
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - : Elsevier. - 0022-460X .- 1095-8568. ; 545
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is a parameter extraction method for blade tip timing to suppress the under-sampled problem. Its faster version, subspace dimension reduced MUSIC (SDR-MUSIC), has been proposed, which uses a single noise vector instead of the whole noise subspace to reduce computational complexity. However, the principle of random noise vector selection leads to instability in frequency identification. Therefore, we replace the random vector with the min-norm vector to obtain a stable SDR-MUSIC (SSDR-MUSIC). The superiority of the min-norm vector can be mathematically proven by the location of the zeros of the polynomial. Simulated and experimental tests indicate that SSDR-MUSIC gains stability when the min-norm vector is used while maintaining computational efficiency.
|
|
| 25. |
- Yao, Tandong, et al.
(författare)
-
Recent Third Pole’s rapid warming accompanies cryospheric melt and water cycle intensification and interactions between monsoon and environment: multi-disciplinary approach with observation, modeling and analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; :March, s. 423-444
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Third Pole (TP) is experiencing rapid warming and is currently in its warmest period in the past 2,000 years. This paper reviews the latest development in multidisciplinary TP research associated with this warming. The rapid warming facilitates intense and broad glacier melt over most of the TP, although some glaciers in the northwest are advancing. By heating the atmosphere and reducing snow/ice albedo, aerosols also contribute to the glaciers melting. Glacier melt is accompanied by lake expansion and intensification of the water cycle over the TP. Precipitation has increased over the eastern and northwestern TP. Meanwhile, the TP is greening and most regions are experiencing advancing phenological trends, although over the southwest there is a spring phenological delay mainly in response to the recent decline in spring precipitation. Atmospheric and terrestrial thermal and dynamical processes over the TP affect the Asian monsoon at different scales. Recent evidence indicates substantial roles that mesoscale convective systems play in the TP’s precipitation as well as an association between soil moisture anomalies in the TP and the Indian monsoon. Moreover, an increase in geohazard events has been associated with recent environmental changes, some of which have had catastrophic consequences caused by glacial lake outbursts and landslides. Active debris flows are growing in both frequency of occurrences and spatial scale. Meanwhile, new types of disasters, such as the twin ice avalanches in Ali in 2016, are now appearing in the region. Adaptation and mitigation measures should be taken to help societies’ preparation for future environmental challenges. Some key issues for future TP studies are also discussed.
|
|
| 26. |
- Zhao, Chaoyang, et al.
(författare)
-
A massive expansion of effector genes underlies gall-formation in the wheat pest Mayetiola destructor
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0445 .- 0960-9822. ; 25:5, s. 613-620
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gall-forming arthropods are highly specialized herbivores that, in combination with their hosts, produce extended phenotypes with unique morphologies [1]. Many are economically important, and others have improved our understanding of ecology and adaptive radiation [2]. However, the mechanisms that these arthropods use to induce plant galls are poorly understood. We sequenced the genome of the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor; Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a plant parasitic gall midge and a pest of wheat (Triticum spp.), with the aim of identifying genic modifications that contribute to its plant-parasitic lifestyle. Among several adaptive modifications, we discovered an expansive reservoir of potential effector proteins. Nearly 5% of the 20,163 predicted gene models matched putative effector gene transcripts present in the M. destructor larval salivary gland. Another 466 putative effectors were discovered among the genes that have no sequence similarities in other organisms. The largest known arthropod gene family (family SSGP-71) was also discovered within the effector reservoir. SSGP-71 proteins lack sequence homologies to other proteins, but their structures resemble both ubiquitin E3 ligases in plants and E3-ligase-mimicking effectors in plant pathogenic bacteria. SSGP-71 proteins and wheat Skp proteins interact in vivo. Mutations in different SSGP-71 genes avoid the effector-triggered immunity that is directed by the wheat resistance genes H6 and H9. Results point to effectors as the agents responsible for arthropod-induced plant gall formation.
|
|
