| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
-
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
|
|
| 3. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
- Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al.
(författare)
-
Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
-
Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
|
|
| 7. |
- Zhang, Shunming, et al.
(författare)
-
Protein foods from animal sources and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in representative cohorts from North and South China
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 293:3, s. 340-353
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that animal protein foods may increase the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We therefore examined the NAFLD risk reduction related to substituting plant protein foods for animal protein foods.METHODS: The cohort in North China included 14,541 participants from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) study, and the cohort in South China included 1297 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS). Dietary intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. NAFLD was ascertained by abdominal ultrasound. The Cox model was used to fit the substitution analysis.RESULTS: In the TCLSIH cohort, when replacing one type of animal protein food (eggs, processed meat, unprocessed red meat, poultry, and fish) with an equivalent serving of plant protein foods (nuts, legumes, and whole grains), the replacement of animal protein foods with whole grains showed the strongest benefit; substituting one serving per day of whole grains for an equal amount of eggs (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79, 1.00), processed meat (HR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.91), unprocessed red meat (HR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.00), poultry (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.92), or fish (HR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.97) was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD. In both the TCLSIH and GNHS cohorts, replacing poultry with fish, nuts, legumes, or whole grains was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD. When different numbers of protein foods were simultaneously replaced, the risk reduction of NAFLD was stronger.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that replacing animal protein foods with plant protein foods is related to a significant reduction in NAFLD risk.
|
|
| 8. |
- Arzoumanian, Doris, et al.
(författare)
-
Dust polarized emission observations of NGC 6334: BISTRO reveals the details of the complex but organized magnetic field structure of the high-mass star-forming hub-filament network
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 647
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. Molecular filaments and hubs have received special attention recently thanks to new studies showing their key role in star formation. While the (column) density and velocity structures of both filaments and hubs have been carefully studied, their magnetic field (B-field) properties have yet to be characterized. Consequently, the role of B-fields in the formation and evolution of hub-filament systems is not well constrained. Aims. We aim to understand the role of the B-field and its interplay with turbulence and gravity in the dynamical evolution of the NGC 6334 filament network that harbours cluster-forming hubs and high-mass star formation. Methods. We present new observations of the dust polarized emission at 850 μm toward the 2 pc × 10 pc map of NGC 6334 at a spatial resolution of 0.09 pc obtained with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) as part of the B-field In STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. We study the distribution and dispersion of the polarized intensity (PI), the polarization fraction (PF), and the plane-of-The-sky B-field angle (χB_POS) toward the whole region, along the 10 pc-long ridge and along the sub-filaments connected to the ridge and the hubs. We derived the power spectra of the intensity and χBPOS along the ridge crest and compared them with the results obtained from simulated filaments. Results. The observations span 3 orders of magnitude in Stokes I and PI and 2 orders of magnitude in PF (from 0.2 to 20%). A large scatter in PI and PF is observed for a given value of I. Our analyses show a complex B-field structure when observed over the whole region ( 10 pc); however, at smaller scales (1 pc), χBPOS varies coherently along the crests of the filament network. The observed power spectrum of χBPOS can be well represented with a power law function with a slope of-1.33 ± 0.23, which is 20% shallower than that of I. We find that this result is compatible with the properties of simulated filaments and may indicate the physical processes at play in the formation and evolution of star-forming filaments. Along the sub-filaments, χBPOS rotates frombeing mostly perpendicular or randomly oriented with respect to the crests to mostly parallel as the sub-filaments merge with the ridge and hubs. This variation of the B-field structure along the sub-filaments may be tracing local velocity flows of infalling matter in the ridge and hubs. Our analysis also suggests a variation in the energy balance along the crests of these sub-filaments, from magnetically critical or supercritical at their far ends to magnetically subcritical near the ridge and hubs. We also detect an increase in PF toward the high-column density (NH2 â 1023 cm-2) star cluster-forming hubs. These latter large PF values may be explained by the increase in grain alignment efficiency due to stellar radiation from the newborn stars, combined with an ordered B-field structure. Conclusions. These observational results reveal for the first time the characteristics of the small-scale (down to 0.1 pc) B-field structure of a 10 pc-long hub-filament system. Our analyses show variations in the polarization properties along the sub-filaments that may be tracing the evolution of their physical properties during their interaction with the ridge and hubs. We also detect an impact of feedback from young high-mass stars on the local B-field structure and the polarization properties, which could put constraints on possible models for dust grain alignment and provide important hints as to the interplay between the star formation activity and interstellar B-fields.
|
|
| 9. |
- Chen, Jing-De, et al.
(författare)
-
Hot-electron emission-driven energy recycling in transparent plasmonic electrode for organic solar cells
- 2022
-
Ingår i: InfoMat. - : Wiley. - 2567-3165. ; 4:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasmonic metal electrodes with subwavelength nanostructures are promising for enhancing light harvesting in photovoltaics. However, the nonradiative damping of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) during coupling with sunlight results in the conversion of the excited hot-electrons to heat, which limits the absorption of light and generation of photocurrent. Herein, an energy recycling strategy driven by hot-electron emission for recycling the SPP energy trapped in the plasmonic electrodes is proposed. A transparent silver-based plasmonic metal electrode (A-PME) with a periodic hexagonal nanopore array is constructed, which is combined with a luminescent organic emitter for radiative recombination of the injected hot-electrons. Owing to the suppressed SPP energy loss via broadband hot-electron emission, the A-PME achieves an optimized optical transmission with an average transmittance of over 80% from 380 to 1200 nm. Moreover, the indium-tin-oxide-free organic solar cells yield an enhanced light harvesting with a power conversion efficiency of 16.1%.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ching, Tao-Chung, et al.
(författare)
-
The JCMT BISTRO-2 Survey: Magnetic Fields of the Massive DR21 Filament
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 941:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present 850 mu m dust polarization observations of the massive DR21 filament from the B-fields In STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey, using the POL-2 polarimeter and the SCUBA-2 camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. We detect ordered magnetic fields perpendicular to the parsec-scale ridge of the DR21 main filament. In the subfilaments, the magnetic fields are mainly parallel to the filamentary structures and smoothly connect to the magnetic fields of the main filament. We compare the POL-2 and Planck dust polarization observations to study the magnetic field structures of the DR21 filament on 0.1-10 pc scales. The magnetic fields revealed in the Planck data are well-aligned with those of the POL-2 data, indicating a smooth variation of magnetic fields from large to small scales. The plane-of-sky magnetic field strengths derived from angular dispersion functions of dust polarization are 0.6-1.0 mG in the DR21 filament and similar to 0.1 mG in the surrounding ambient gas. The mass-to-flux ratios are found to be magnetically supercritical in the filament and slightly subcritical to nearly critical in the ambient gas. The alignment between column density structures and magnetic fields changes from random alignment in the low-density ambient gas probed by Planck to mostly perpendicular in the high-density main filament probed by James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The magnetic field structures of the DR21 filament are in agreement with MHD simulations of a strongly magnetized medium, suggesting that magnetic fields play an important role in shaping the DR21 main filament and subfilaments.
|
|
| 11. |
- Dai, Yi, et al.
(författare)
-
Zn-doped CaFeO3 perovskite-derived high performed catalyst on oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : ELSEVIER. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 489
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stable perovskite oxide is considered as a potential cathode for microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Herein, Zn is used as an effective element to modify the micro-structure and oxygen vacancy of perovskite to be a novel cathode catalyst. Physical characterizations show that due to partial volatilization at high temperature of Zn, perovskite forms hierarchically porous structures. Moreover, Zn is precipitated in electrochemical reaction to generate Zn vacancy in situ; thus, the active center of Fe has a superior interaction with oxygen-containing species, promoting the production of oxygen vacancy and forms a mixed valence state of Fe2+/Fe3+. The Zn-doped perovskite material CaFe0.7Zn0.3O3 exhibits remarkable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performances with outstanding onset potential (0.194 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and half-wave potential (-0.219 V vs. Ag/AgCl) under alkaline condition, which is better than Pt/C catalyst. Besides, CaFe0.7Zn0.3O3 shows an excellent four-electron pathway of ORR mechanism with remarkable corrosion resistance and stability, which enables a more reliable cathode electrocatalyst. The maximum power density of CaFe0.7Zn0.3O3 (892.10 +/- 90.79 mW m(-3)) testing on microbial fuel cell is comparable to the maximum power density (1012.86 +/- 84.03 mW m(-3)) of Pt/C. The findings of this work provide the feasibility of exploring inexpensive and high-performance cathode catalyst.
|
|
| 12. |
- Ding, Yun Mei, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of social support on illness perception in patients with atrial fibrillation during “Blanking Period” : Mediating role of sense of mastery
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley. - 2054-1058. ; 10:1, s. 115-122
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore whether sense of mastery can mediate the relationship between social support and illness perception in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were at the “Blanking Period.”. Design: A cross-sectional design. Methods: 405 patients with AF who were at the “Blanking Period” in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were recruited; they completed a set of questionnaires, including the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Personal Mastery Scale and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Results: Social support and sense of mastery were both adversely connected to illness perception. The indirect effect of social support on illness perception through sense of mastery was negative, accounting for 86.04% of the total effect. Conclusion: During the “Blanking Period,” better social support and sense of mastery contribute to a positive illness perception of AF patients. Social support also can influence patients' illness perception indirectly via the mediator of sense of mastery.
|
|
| 13. |
- Eswaraiah, Chakali, et al.
(författare)
-
The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Revealing the Diverse Magnetic Field Morphologies in Taurus Dense Cores with Sensitive Submillimeter Polarimetry
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 912:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have obtained sensitive dust continuum polarization observations at 850 μm in the B213 region of Taurus using POL-2 on SCUBA-2 at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the B-fields in STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. These observations allow us to probe magnetic field (B-field) at high spatial resolution (∼2000 au or ∼0.01 pc at 140 pc) in two protostellar cores (K04166 and K04169) and one prestellar core (Miz-8b) that lie within the B213 filament. Using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, we estimate the B-field strengths in K04166, K04169, and Miz-8b to be 38 ± 14, 44 ± 16, and 12 ± 5 μG, respectively. These cores show distinct mean B-field orientations. The B-field in K04166 is well ordered and aligned parallel to the orientations of the core minor axis, outflows, core rotation axis, and large-scale uniform B-field, in accordance with magnetically regulated star formation via ambipolar diffusion taking place in K04166. The B-field in K04169 is found to be ordered but oriented nearly perpendicular to the core minor axis and large-scale B-field and not well correlated with other axes. In contrast, Miz-8b exhibits a disordered B-field that shows no preferred alignment with the core minor axis or large-scale field. We found that only one core, K04166, retains a memory of the large-scale uniform B-field. The other two cores, K04169 and Miz-8b, are decoupled from the large-scale field. Such a complex B-field configuration could be caused by gas inflow onto the filament, even in the presence of a substantial magnetic flux.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- He, Jia, et al.
(författare)
-
A population-based survey of the epidemiology of symptom-defined gastroesophageal reflux disease : the Systematic Investigation of Gastrointestinal Diseases in China
- 2010
-
Ingår i: BMC Gastroenterology. - 1471-230X. ; 10, s. 94-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has yet to be investigated using the symptomatic threshold criteria recommended by the Montreal Definition. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of symptom-defined GERD across five regions of China, and to investigate variables associated with GERD. Methods: A representative sample of 18 000 adults (aged 18-80 years) were selected equally from rural and urban areas in each region (n = 1800). According to the Montreal Definition, GERD is present when mild symptoms of heartburn and/ or regurgitation occur on >= 2 days a week, or moderate-to-severe symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation occur on >= 1 day a week. Results: In total, 16 091 participants completed the survey (response rate: 89.4%) and 16 078 responses were suitable for analysis. Applying the Montreal criteria, the prevalence of symptom-defined GERD was 3.1% and varied significantly (p < 0.001) among the five regions (from 1.7% in Guangzhou to 5.1% in Wuhan) and between rural and urban populations (3.8% vs 2.4%). Factors significantly associated with GERD included living in a rural area and a family history of gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions: This population-based survey found that the prevalence of symptom-defined GERD in China was 3.1%, which is lower than that found in Western countries.
|
|
| 16. |
- Jiang, Shuang, et al.
(författare)
-
Shear banding-induced ⟨c + a⟩ slip enables unprecedented strength-ductility combination of laminated metallic composites
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science & Technology. - Shenyang, China : Elsevier. - 1005-0302. ; 110, s. 260-268
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shear bands in metallic materials have been reported to be catastrophic because they normally lead to non-uniform plastic deformation. Ductility of laminated metallic composites deteriorates with increasing processing strain, particularly for those having hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) constituents due to inadequate slip systems and consequently prominent shear banding. Here, we propose a design strategy that counterintuitively tolerates the bands with localized strains, i.e. the shear banded laminar (SBL) structure, which promotes ⟨c + a⟩ dislocation activation in hcp metals and renders unprecedented strengthductility combination in hcp-metal-based composites fabricated by accumulative roll bonding (ARB). The SBL structure is characterized with one soft hcp metal constrained by adjacent hard metal in which dislocations have been accumulated near the bimetal interfaces. High-energy X-ray diffraction astonishingly reveals that more than 90% of dislocations are non-basal in Ti layers of the SBL Ti/Nb composite processed by eight ARB cycles. Moreover, ⟨c + a⟩ dislocations occupy a high fraction of ∼30%, promoting further ⟨c + a⟩ cross slip. The unique stress field tailored by both shear banding and heterophase interface-mediated deformation accommodation triggers important ⟨c + a⟩ slip. This SBL design is of significance for developing hcp-based laminates and other heterostructured materials with high performances.
|
|
| 17. |
- Karoly, Janik, et al.
(författare)
-
The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Studying the Complex Magnetic Field of L43
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 952:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present observations of polarized dust emission at 850 mu m from the L43 molecular cloud, which sits in the Ophiuchus cloud complex. The data were taken using SCUBA-2/POL-2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as a part of the BISTRO large program. L43 is a dense (N-H2 similar to 10(22) - 10(23) cm(-2)) complex molecular cloud with a submillimeter-bright starless core and two protostellar sources. There appears to be an evolutionary gradient along the isolated filament that L43 is embedded within, with the most evolved source closest to the Sco OB2 association. One of the protostars drives a CO outflow that has created a cavity to the southeast. We see a magnetic field that appears to be aligned with the cavity walls of the outflow, suggesting interaction with the outflow. We also find a magnetic field strength of up to similar to 160 +/- 30 mu G in the main starless core and up to similar to 90 +/- 40 mu G in the more diffuse, extended region. These field strengths give magnetically super- and subcritical values, respectively, and both are found to be roughly trans-Alfvenic. We also present a new method of data reduction for these denser but fainter objects like starless cores.
|
|
| 18. |
- Kwon, Woojin, et al.
(författare)
-
B-fields in Star-forming Region Observations (BISTRO): Magnetic Fields in the Filamentary Structures of Serpens Main
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 926:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present 850 mu m polarimetric observations toward the Serpens Main molecular cloud obtained using the POL-2 polarimeter on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the B-fields In STar-forming Region Observations survey. These observations probe the magnetic field morphology of the Serpens Main molecular cloud on about 6000 au scales, which consists of cores and six filaments with different physical properties such as density and star formation activity. Using the histogram of relative orientation (HRO) technique, we find that magnetic fields are parallel to filaments in less-dense filamentary structures where NH2 < 0.93 x 10(22) cm(-2) (magnetic fields perpendicular to density gradients), while they are perpendicular to filaments (magnetic fields parallel to density gradients) in dense filamentary structures with star formation activity. Moreover, applying the HRO technique to denser core regions, we find that magnetic field orientations change to become perpendicular to density gradients again at NH2 approximate to 4.6 x 10(22) NH2 approximate to 16 x 10(22) cm(-2), magnetic fields change back to being parallel to density gradients once again, which can be understood to be due to magnetic fields being dragged in by infalling material. In addition, we estimate the magnetic field strengths of the filaments (B-POS = 60-300 mu G)) using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method and discuss whether the filaments are gravitationally unstable based on magnetic field and turbulence energy densities.
|
|
| 19. |
- Liu, Jia Rong, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of second-order wave force on fatigue damage assessment of a tlp-type floating wind turbine
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. - 1098-6189 .- 1555-1792. ; 2020-October, s. 415-422
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resonant and transient responses of a tension leg platform (TLP)-type floating offshore wind turbine can be excited by high-frequency wave forces. This paper investigates the damaging effect of second-order wave forces on structural fatigue in the WindStar TLP system. Dynamic responses in the time domain are analyzed using the program FAST. To explore the mechanisms of different combinations of wind and wave loads inducing damage, five scenarios are considered: wind only, first-order wave only, second-order wave only, joint wind and first-order wave, and joint wind and second-order wave. The results show the dominant effect of second-order waves in tower structural fatigue damage. Additionally, wind and wave coupling becomes stronger under second-order wave loads.
|
|
| 20. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
|
|
| 21. |
- Lyo, A-Ran, et al.
(författare)
-
The JCMT BISTRO Survey: An 850/450 mu m Polarization Study of NGC 2071IR in Orion B
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 918:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of simultaneous 450 mu m and 850 mu m polarization observations toward the massive star-forming region NGC 2071IR, a target of the BISTRO (B-fields in STar-forming Region Observations) Survey, using the POL-2 polarimeter and SCUBA-2 camera mounted on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. We find a pinched magnetic field morphology in the central dense core region, which could be due to a rotating toroidal disklike structure and a bipolar outflow originating from the central young stellar object IRS 3. Using the modified Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, we obtain a plane-of-sky magnetic field strength of 563 +/- 421 mu G in the central similar to 0.12 pc region from 850 mu m polarization data. The corresponding magnetic energy density of 2.04 x 10(-8) erg cm(-3) is comparable to the turbulent and gravitational energy densities in the region. We find that the magnetic field direction is very well aligned with the whole of the IRS 3 bipolar outflow structure. We find that the median value of polarization fractions is 3.0% at 450 mu m in the central 3 ' region, which is larger than the median value of 1.2% at 850 mu m. The trend could be due to the better alignment of warmer dust in the strong radiation environment. We also find that polarization fractions decrease with intensity at both wavelengths, with slopes, determined by fitting a Rician noise model of 0.59 +/- 0.03 at 450 mu m and 0.36 +/- 0.04 at 850 mu m, respectively. We think that the shallow slope at 850 mu m is due to grain alignment at the center being assisted by strong radiation from the central young stellar objects.
|
|
| 22. |
- Ngoc, Nguyen Bich, et al.
(författare)
-
Observations of Magnetic Fields Surrounding LkH alpha 101 Taken by the BISTRO Survey with JCMT-POL-2
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 908:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first high spatial resolution measurement of magnetic fields surrounding LkH alpha 101, part of the Auriga-California molecular cloud. The observations were taken with the POL-2 polarimeter on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope within the framework of the B-fields In Star-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. Observed polarization of thermal dust emission at 850 mu m is found to be mostly associated with the redshifted gas component of the cloud. The magnetic field displays a relatively complex morphology. Two variants of the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, unsharp masking and structure function, are used to calculate the strength of magnetic fields in the plane of the sky, yielding a similar result of B-POS similar to 115 mu G. The mass-to-magnetic-flux ratio in critical value units, lambda similar to 0.3, is the smallest among the values obtained for other regions surveyed by POL-2. This implies that the LkH alpha 101 region is subcritical, and the magnetic field is strong enough to prevent gravitational collapse. The inferred delta B/B-0 similar to 0.3 implies that the large-scale component of the magnetic field dominates the turbulent one. The variation of the polarization fraction with total emission intensity can be fitted by a power law with an index of alpha = 0.82 0.03, which lies in the range previously reported for molecular clouds. We find that the polarization fraction decreases rapidly with proximity to the only early B star (LkH alpha 101) in the region. Magnetic field tangling and the joint effect of grain alignment and rotational disruption by radiative torques can potentially explain such a decreasing trend.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Proletov, Ian, et al.
(författare)
-
Primary and secondary glomerulonephritides 1.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 29 Suppl 3:May, s. 186-200
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 25. |
- Ruggeri, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
-
Association of Protein Phosphatase PPM1G With Alcohol Use Disorder and Brain Activity During Behavioral Control in a Genome-Wide Methylation Analysis
- 2015
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Psychiatry. - : American Psychiatric Association Publishing. - 0002-953X .- 1535-7228. ; 172:6, s. 543-552
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The genetic component of alcohol use disorder is substantial, but monozygotic twin discordance indicates a role for nonheritable differences that could be mediated by epigenetics. Despite growing evidence associating epigenetics and psychiatric disorders, it is unclear how epigenetics, particularly DNA methylation, relate to brain function and behavior, including drinking behavior. Method: The authors carried out a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation of 18 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for alcohol use disorder and validated differentially methylated regions. After validation, the authors characterized these differentially methylated regions using personality trait assessment and functional MRI in a sample of 499 adolescents. Results: Hypermethylation in the 3'-protein-phosphatase-1G (PPM1G) gene locus was associated with alcohol use disorder. The authors found association of PPM1G hypermethylation with early escalation of alcohol use and increased impulsiveness. They also observed association of PPM1G hypermethylation with increased blood-oxygen-level-dependent response in the right subthalamic nucleus during an impulsiveness task. Conclusions: Overall, the authors provide first evidence for an epigenetic marker associated with alcohol consumption and its underlying neurobehavioral phenotype.
|
|
| 26. |
- Tan, Wei, et al.
(författare)
-
High-efficiency frequency upconversion of 1.5 mu m laser based on a doubly resonant external ring cavity with a low finesse for signal field
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics (Print). - : Springer. - 0946-2171 .- 1432-0649. ; 123:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A doubly resonant external ring cavity with a low finesse for the signal field is used to improve the frequency upconversion efficiency of a weak 1583 nm signal laser to 636 nm by mixing with a resonance power enhanced 1064 nm pump laser in a 25 mm periodically poled lithium niobate crystal. The process of frequency upconversion is described and optimized by the doubly resonant cavity-enhanced sum frequency generation theory under the condition of undepleted pump approximation. By selecting the suitable reflectivity of the signal input mirror and the incident pump power, a cavity-enhanced frequency conversion efficiency of 94.6% was obtained for signal powers up to 25 mW with an input pump power of 780 mW.
|
|
| 27. |
- Wang, Yan, et al.
(författare)
-
Bimetallic hybrids modified with carbon nanotubes as cathode catalysts for microbial fuel cell: Effective oxygen reduction catalysis and inhibition of biofilm formation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 485
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a promising energy conversion equipment, the performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC) is affected by slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It is of great significance to explore electrocatalysts with high activity for sustainable energy applications. Herein, we synthesize the in-situ grown carbon nanotubes decorated electrocatalyst derived from copper-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) co-doped with cobalt and nitrogen (CuCo@NCNTs) through straightforward immersion and pyrolysis process. The carbon nanotubes produced by metallic cobalt and high-activity bimetallic active sites formed by nitrogen doping enable CuCo@NCNTs to have the best oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in alkaline electrolyte, with limit current density of 5.88 mA cm-2 and onset potential of 0.91 V (vs. RHE). Moreover, CuCo@NCNTs nanocomposite exhibits obvious antibacterial activity, and inhibiting the biofilm on cathode surface in antibacterial test and biomass quantification. The maximum power density (2757 mW m-3) of MFC modified with CuCo@NCNTs is even higher than Pt/C catalyst (2313 mW m-3). In short, CuCo@NCNTs nanocomposite can be an alternative cathode catalyst for MFC.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Wu, Jia-Jia, et al.
(författare)
-
Late-life depression and the risk of dementia in 14 countries : a 10-year follow-up study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 274, s. 671-677
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Depression is the most common mental health problem and often co-occurs with dementia in old age. This study investigates the in fluence of late-life depression on risk of dementia.Methods: A total of 16210 dementia-free participants aged 60+ from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe were followed up for 10 years to detect incident dementia. Depression was assessed by a 12-item Europe-depression scale, dementia was determined by physician diagnosis reported by the participants and their informants. Fine and Gray model was performed to explore the association between depression and incident dementia taking into account competing risk of death.Results: During an average of 8 years follow-up, 1030 (6.35%) incident dementia were identi fied. Late-life depression was related to higher subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) of dementia (sHR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.32-1.75) after adjusting for age, gender, country, education, smoking, drinking, living arrangement, BMI, chronic disease, and physical activity. Further, the risk was only existed in those below age of 80 (sHR=1.75, 95%CI: 1.47-2.07). In addition, a dose-response association was observed between the severity of depression and dementia risk (p for trend<0.001).Limitation: The ascertainment of depression and dementia was based on information reported by the participants and/or their informants, which might result in information bias. The causal relationship could not be determined because limited follow-up time.Conclusions: Late-life depression is associated with higher incidence of dementia in a dose-response fashion. Interventions targeting depression patients aged 60-79 years and those with severe depression may be e ffective strategies to prevent dementia.
|
|
| 30. |
- You, Henghui, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel Strontium/Iron Bimetallic Carbon Composites as Synergistic Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Microbial Fuel Cells
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Electrocatalysis. - : SPRINGER. - 1868-2529 .- 1868-5994. ; 12:6, s. 759-770
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is critical to develop non-noble metal (NNM) electrocatalysts with excellent stability and innovative activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which is a promising energy conversion technology. Herein, the preparation of iron carbide electrocatalysts (SrCO3/Fe3C) by the pyrolysis of a bimetal precursor (Sr and Fe) is proposed as a feasible strategy to realize a highly active electrocatalyst for ORR. Based on the catalytic potential of Sr-based materials, Fe species doping can provide more beneficial active sites for ORR. Concisely, the SrCO3/Fe3C(1:12) catalyst achieves the onset potential of 0.197 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) superior than Pt/C catalyst (0.193 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and the half-wave potential of -0.157 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in 0.1-M KOH solution. Furthermore, the electrocatalyst exhibits nearly four-electron pathway, and generates less than 3% H2O2. Compared with Pt/C catalyst, it possesses preferable stability and superior methanol tolerance. Moreover, a composite electrode with SrCO3/Fe3C(1:12) as a catalyst on the carbon cloth demonstrated a superb air cathode in MFCs with a power density of 398.98 mW m(-2), which can outperform than 10 wt% Pt/C catalysts (342.13 mW m(-2)) on MFCs.
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
- Zhang, Hongguo, et al.
(författare)
-
Rational design of porous Fex-N@MOF as a highly efficient catalyst for oxygen reduction over a wide pH range
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 944
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics are well known to strongly rely on the activives of electro-catalysts. Herein, a Fe-N-doped porous carbon-based electrocatalyst combined with zinc (Zn)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) (Fex-N@MOF) was designed and successfully fabricated via a facile process combined immersion doping and pyrolysis. By controlling the formation of Fe3C, the physical structure of porous carbon was significantly altered, and the active chemical sites of Fe species can be formed to catalyze ORR. The uniform N-doped three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure yielded a high surface area. Both Fe3C and Fe-Nx could offer an abundance of active sites and thus promoted Fe0.05-N@MOF to exhibit high ORR activity in alkaline, neutral and acid electrolytes. Fe0.05-N@MOF showed extraordinary stability and methanol tolerance under a varied pH range conditions, it could be applied as cathode elec-trocatalyst in different fuel cells such as Zn-air fuel cell (ZFC), microbial fuel cells (MFCs), as well as direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Fe0.05-N@MOF is a promising material to replace Pt-based electrocatalysts as non-precious metal catalysts.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 33. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2011
-
swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 34. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
-
Determination of spin and parity of the Higgs boson in the [Formula: see text] decay channel with the ATLAS detector.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 75:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of the spin and parity quantum numbers of the Higgs boson in the [Formula: see text] final state are presented, based on proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb[Formula: see text] at a centre-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text] TeV. The Standard Model spin-parity [Formula: see text] hypothesis is compared with alternative hypotheses for both spin and CP. The case where the observed resonance is a mixture of the Standard-Model-like Higgs boson and CP-even ([Formula: see text]) or CP-odd ([Formula: see text]) Higgs boson in scenarios beyond the Standard Model is also studied. The data are found to be consistent with the Standard Model prediction and limits are placed on alternative spin and CP hypotheses, including CP mixing in different scenarios.
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
