| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Lin, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Pressure-induced semiconductor-to-metal phase transition of a charge-ordered indium halide perovskite
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 116:47, s. 23404-23409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phase transitions in halide perovskites triggered by external stimuli generate significantly different material properties, providing a great opportunity for broad applications. Here, we demonstrate an In-based, charge-ordered (In+/In3+) inorganic halide perovskite with the composition of Cs2In(I)In(III)Cl-6 in which a pressure-driven semiconductor-to-metal phase transition exists. The single crystals, synthesized via a solid-state reaction method, crystallize in a distorted perovskite structure with space group I4/m with a = 17.2604(12) angstrom, c = 11.0113(16) angstrom if both the strong reflections and superstructures are considered. The supercell was further confirmed by rotation electron diffraction measurement. The pressure-induced semiconductor-to-metal phase transition was demonstrated by high-pressure Raman and absorbance spectroscopies and was consistent with theoretical modeling. This type of charge-ordered inorganic halide perovskite with a pressure-induced semiconductor-to-metal phase transition may inspire a range of potential applications.
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| 3. |
- Wu, Xiaohua, et al.
(författare)
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Online Adaptive Model Identification and State of Charge Estimation for Vehicle-Level Battery Packs
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification. - 2332-7782. ; 10:1, s. 596-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation of traction batteries plays a crucial role in energy and safety management for electric vehicles. Existing studies focus primarily on cell battery SOC estimation. However, numerical instability and divergence problems might occur for a large-size lithium-ion battery pack consisting of many cells. This paper proposes a high-performance online model identification and SOC estimation method based on an adaptive square root unscented Kalman filter (ASRUKF) and an improved forgetting factor recursive least squares (IFFRLS) for vehicle-level traction battery packs. The model parameters are identified online through the IFFRLS, where the conventional method might encounter numerical stability problems. By updating the square root of the covariance matrix, the divergence problem in the traditional unscented Kalman filter is solved in the ASRUKF algorithm, where the positive semi-definiteness of the covariance matrix is guaranteed. Combined with the adaptive noise covariance matched filtering algorithm and real-time compensation of system error, the proposed method solves the problem of ever-degrading estimation accuracy in the presence of time-varying noise with unknown statistical characteristics. Using a 66.2-kWh vehicle battery pack, we experimentally verified that the proposed algorithm could achieve high estimation accuracy with guaranteed numerical stability. The maximum error of SOC estimation can be bounded by 1%, and the root-mean-square error is as low as 0.47% under real-world vehicle operating conditions.
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| 4. |
- Hao, Yanfen, et al.
(författare)
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Air monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and organochlorine pesticides in West Antarctica during 2011-2017 : Concentrations, temporal trends and potential sources
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 249, s. 381-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Annual air samples were collected at various sites in the Fildes Peninsula, West Antarctica from December 2010 to January 2018 using XAD-2 resin passive air samplers to investigate concentrations, temporal trends and potential sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Antarctic air. Relatively low concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (Σ19PCBs: 1.5-29.7 pg/m3), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (Σ12PBDEs: 0.2-2.9 pg/m3) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (Σ13OCPs: 101-278 pg/m3) were found in the atmosphere of West Antarctica. PCB-11, BDE-47 and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were the predominant compounds in the atmosphere. The concentrations of PCBs, HCHs, DDTs and endosulfans were found to show decreasing temporal trends, whereas uniform temporal trends were observed for HCB. The atmospheric half-life values for PCBs, HCHs, DDTs and endosulfans in Antarctic air were estimated for the first time, using regressions of the natural logarithm of the concentrations versus the number of years, obtaining the values of 2.0, 2.0, 2.4 and 1.2 year, respectively. An increasing ratio of α-HCH/γ-HCH indicated long residence time for α-HCH and possible transformation of γ-HCH to α-HCH in the atmosphere. The ratios of p,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDE were mostly lower than unity in this study, which could be attributed to aged sources. It was found that long-range atmospheric transport was still considered to be the main contributing factor to the atmospheric levels of the POPs in West Antarctica whereas the contribution of human activities at the Chinese Great Wall Station was minor. The results of this study give a view on the most recent temporal trends and provide new insights regarding the occurrence of various POPs in the Antarctic atmosphere.
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| 5. |
- Jacobson, Bengt J H, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Potential effectiveness of a stability control system for passenger cars after an initial side impact
- 2014
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Ingår i: FISITA 2014 World Automotive Congress - Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicle multiple-event accidents constitute 1/4-1/3 of all severe accidents. The present paper studies the control of the vehicle’s abnormal motion after being hit by another vehicle. The potential effectiveness of such a stability control system is estimated through accident data analysis and vehicle dynamics simulation. Only side impacts were simulated, but engineering judgments were made to project the effectiveness potential prediction on the total traffic work. Assuming ESC-like control (closed loop control on yaw rate, using wheel brakes) it is found that the function has potential to mitigate accident for up to 10-9 cars per driven km, or up to 0.1% of the cars in the accident database. While assuming Post Impact Stability Control by steering (closed loop control on yaw angle and path deviation, using steering), the corresponding figures are approximately ten times higher.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Jiang, Xiaoqing, et al.
(författare)
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A solution-processable copper(II) phthalocyanine derivative as a dopant-free hole-transporting material for efficient and stable carbon counter electrode-based perovskite solar cells
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 5:34, s. 17862-17866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A solution-processable copper(II) phthalocyanine derivative coded as CuPc-TIPS has been synthesized and adopted as a hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), in combination with a mixed-ion perovskite absorber and a low-cost carbon cathode. Optimised PSC devices based on pristine CuPc-TIPS without any additives or dopants show a decent power conversion efficiency of 14.0% (measured at 100 mW cm(-2) illumination, AM 1.5G), together with a good long-termstability under ambient conditions. The present finding highlights the potential of solution-processed copper phthalocyanine derivative-based HTMs for the development of efficient and stable PSCs in the future.
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| 8. |
- Jiang, Xiaoqing, et al.
(författare)
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High-Performance Regular Perovskite Solar Cells Employing Low-Cost Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) as a Hole-Transporting Material
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, we successfully applied a facile in-situ solid-state synthesis of conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as a HTM, directly on top of the perovskite layer, in conventional mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) (n-i-p structure). The fabrication of the PEDOT film only involved a very simple in-situ solid-state polymerisation step from a monomer 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDOT) made from a commercially available and cheap starting material. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) demonstrated that the as-prepared PEDOT film possesses the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of -5.5 eV, which facilitates an effective hole extraction from the perovskite absorber as confirmed by the photoluminescence measurements. Optimised PSC devices employing this polymeric HTM in combination with a low-cost vacuum-free carbon cathode (replacing the gold), show an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.0% measured at 100 mW cm(-2) illumination (AM 1.5G), with an open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 1.05 V, a short-circuit current density (J(sc)) of 23.5 mA/cm(2) and a fill factor (FF) of 0.69, respectively. The present finding highlights the potential application of PEDOT made from solid-state polymerisation as a HTM for cost-effective and highly efficient PSCs.
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| 9. |
- Kumar, Nallani Vijay, et al.
(författare)
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Arsenic Directly Binds to and Activates the Yeast AP-1-Like Transcription Factor Yap8.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Molecular and cellular biology. - 1098-5549. ; 36:6, s. 913-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The AP-1-like transcription factor Yap8 is critical for arsenic tolerance in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the mechanism by which Yap8 senses the presence of arsenic and activates transcription of detoxification genes is unknown. Here we demonstrate that Yap8 directly binds to trivalent arsenite [As(III)] in vitro and in vivo and that approximately one As(III) molecule is bound per molecule of Yap8. As(III) is coordinated by three sulfur atoms in purified Yap8, and our genetic and biochemical data identify the cysteine residues that form the binding site as Cys132, Cys137, and Cys274. As(III) binding by Yap8 does not require an additional yeast protein, and Yap8 is regulated neither at the level of localization nor at the level of DNA binding. Instead, our data are consistent with a model in which a DNA-bound form of Yap8 acts directly as an As(III) sensor. Binding of As(III) to Yap8 triggers a conformational change that in turn brings about a transcriptional response. Thus, As(III) binding to Yap8 acts as a molecular switch that converts inactive Yap8 into an active transcriptional regulator. This is the first report to demonstrate how a eukaryotic protein couples arsenic sensing to transcriptional activation.
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| 10. |
- Lu, Yingchang, et al.
(författare)
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New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals. Twelve loci reached genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8)), of which eight were previously associated with increased overall adiposity (BMI, BF%) and four (in or near COBLL1/GRB14, IGF2BP1, PLA2G6, CRTC1) were novel associations with BF%. Seven loci showed a larger effect on BF% than on BMI, suggestive of a primary association with adiposity, while five loci showed larger effects on BMI than on BF%, suggesting association with both fat and lean mass. In particular, the loci more strongly associated with BF% showed distinct cross-phenotype association signatures with a range of cardiometabolic traits revealing new insights in the link between adiposity and disease risk.
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| 11. |
- Qu, Jishuang, et al.
(författare)
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Improved performance and air stability of perovskite solar cells based on low-cost organic hole-transporting material X60 by incorporating its dicationic salt
- 2018
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Science Press. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 61:2, s. 172-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of an efficient, stable, and low-cost hole-transporting material (HTM) is of great significance for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) from future commercialization point of view. Herein, we specifically synthesize a dicationic salt of X60 termed X60(TFSI)(2), and adopt it as an effective and stable "doping" agent to replace the previously used lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) for the low-cost organic HTM X60 in PSCs. The incorporation of this dicationic salt significantly increases the hole conductivity of X60 by two orders of magnitude from 10(-6) to 10(-4) S cm(-1). The dramatic enhancement of the conductivity leads to an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.0% measured at 1 sun illumination (100 mW cm(-2), AM 1.5 G), which is comparable to that of the device doped with LiTFSI (19.3%) under an identical condition. More strikingly, by replacing LiTFSI, the PSC devices incorporating X60(TFSI)(2) also show an excellent long-term durability under ambient atmosphere for 30 days, mainly due to the hydrophobic nature of the X60(TFSI)(2) doped HTM layer, which can effectively prevent the moisture destroying the perovskite layer. The present work paves the way for the development of highly efficient, stable, and low-cost HTM for potential commercialization of PSCs.
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| 12. |
- Wang, Haoxin, et al.
(författare)
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One plus one greater than two : high-performance inverted planar perovskite solar cells based on a composite CuI/CuSCN hole-transporting layer
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 6:43, s. 21435-21444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The low-cost and stable inorganic p-type semiconductor copper(i) iodide (CuI) is a promising hole-transporting layer (HTL) material for inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of inverted planar PSCs based on CuI HTLs reported so far are not satisfactory and far behind those of their organic counterparts. Herein, we demonstrate a simple but effective approach to improve the performance of inverted planar PSCs based on the CuI HTL through the incorporation of copper thiocyanate (CuSCN) into the CuI HTL. As compared to pristine CuI, the introduction of CuSCN significantly improves the quality of the film, resulting in a smooth and uniform film while maintaining relatively high electrical conductivity. As a consequence, the champion device based on the composite CuI/CuSCN HTL affords an impressive PCE of 18.76% under full sun illumination (100 mW cm(-2), AM 1.5G), which is substantially higher than the corresponding values of the respective devices containing pristine CuI (14.53%) and CuSCN (16.66%). This value is one of the highest efficiencies reported thus far for CuI- and CuSCN-based HTLs in PSCs. This work demonstrates the great potential of low-temperature solution-processed CuI/CuSCN composites as hole-selective layers for low-cost and efficient PSCs as well as other optoelectronic devices.
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| 13. |
- Yu, Ze, et al.
(författare)
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High-efficiency perovskite solar cells employing a conjugated donor-acceptor co-polymer as a hole-transporting material
- 2017
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2046-2069. ; 7:44, s. 27189-27197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we have successfully introduced 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) as an efficient p-type dopant for donor-acceptor (D-A) co-polymer poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2ethylhexyl)- 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b; 3,4-b'] dithiophene)-alt-4,7(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) as an HTM in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The bulk conductivity is significantly enhanced by 4 orders of magnitude when PCPDTBT is doped with F4TCNQ (6%, w/w). UV-vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicate the occurrence of p-doping, which results in higher bulk conductivity. The high conductivity leads to an impressive overall efficiency of 15.1%, which is considerably higher than the pristine PCPDTBT based devices (9.2%). The superior performance obtained should be largely attributed to the significant enhancement of the photocurrent density strongly correlated with a more efficient charge collection. This is the highest efficiency reported so far for PCPDTBT-based PSCs. Thus, molecularly p-doping has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for further improving the performance of a wide range of D-A and other types of polymeric HTMs in PSCs.
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