| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Deng, Jiangning, et al.
(författare)
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Texture Evolution in Heavily Cold-Rolled FeCo-2V Alloy during Annealing
- 2009
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY. - 1005-0302. ; 25:2, s. 219-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recrystallization texture evolution in heavily cold-rolled (93%) FeCo-2V alloy with annealing temperature and time was investigated by X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction. It was found that the orientation density of a-fiber texture component fluctuates with increasing annealing temperature and time. The transmission electron microscopy images show that abundant precipitates appear inside the recrystallized grains and around the grain boundaries. The amount and size of the precipitates also vary with annealing temperature and time. The enhancement of the a-fiber coincides well with the increase of number density of fine precipitates, indicating that the fine precipitates facilitate the development of a-fiber. The annealing texture evolution observed in the FeCo alloy could be attributed to the facilitating effect of the precipitates on the development of a-fiber and the ordering process.
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| 3. |
- Deng, JN, et al.
(författare)
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Textures and local textures in severely cold-rolled and annealed ultra-fine-grained FeCo alloy
- 2005
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 495-497, s. 731-736
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We find that a severely rolled FeCo alloy has anomalous enhancement of the rotated-cube {100}< 011 > texture component and a decrease of the {111} components after annealing, which is contrast to the recrystalliization behaviors reported in traditional BCC metals and alloys. The local texture measurements show that two kinds of grains with obviously different orientations, i.e. {100} and {111}, are heterogeneously distributed in the deformed specimen and the migration of high-angle grain boundaries is observed after annealing in the disordering temperature region.
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| 4. |
- Deng, Wenjun, et al.
(författare)
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Difference between Supine and Upright Blood Pressure Associates to the Efficacy of Midodrine on Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) in Children
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 35:4, s. 719-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is common, and has a serious impact on childrens quality of life. Midodrine hydrochloride, an alpha 1-adrenoreceptor agonist, is an effective treatment. The study was designed to examine the therapeutic efficacy of midodrine hydrochloride by quantifying changes in blood pressure during the head-up test (HUT), in children with POTS. Overall, 104 out of 110 children with POTS were treated with midodrine hydrochloride and successfully followed-up. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) changes were analyzed during the HUT. In a retrospective analysis, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the therapeutic predictive value of pre-treatment changes in SBP, DBP, and a combination of both, from the supine position to standing, in the subjects. The increase of SBP and DBP from the supine position to standing in responders were significantly lower than that of the non-responders. The ROC curve showed that midodrine hydrochloride for children with POTS would be predicted to be effective when the pre-treatment increase of SBP was a parts per thousand currency sign0 mmHg, or when the pre-treatment increase of DBP was a parts per thousand currency sign6.5 mmHg (from the supine position to standing), yielding a sensitivity of 72 % and specificity of 88 %. The area under the curve was 0.744 and 0.809, respectively. Hence, the results suggested that looking at the changes in blood pressure during the HUT was useful in predicting the response to midodrine hydrochloride in children with POTS.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Murari, A., et al.
(författare)
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A control oriented strategy of disruption prediction to avoid the configuration collapse of tokamak reactors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of thermonuclear fusion consists of producing electricity from the coalescence of light nuclei in high temperature plasmas. The most promising route to fusion envisages the confinement of such plasmas with magnetic fields, whose most studied configuration is the tokamak. Disruptions are catastrophic collapses affecting all tokamak devices and one of the main potential showstoppers on the route to a commercial reactor. In this work we report how, deploying innovative analysis methods on thousands of JET experiments covering the isotopic compositions from hydrogen to full tritium and including the major D-T campaign, the nature of the various forms of collapse is investigated in all phases of the discharges. An original approach to proximity detection has been developed, which allows determining both the probability of and the time interval remaining before an incoming disruption, with adaptive, from scratch, real time compatible techniques. The results indicate that physics based prediction and control tools can be developed, to deploy realistic strategies of disruption avoidance and prevention, meeting the requirements of the next generation of devices.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sun, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Indoor microbiome, air pollutants and asthma, rhinitis and eczema in preschool children - A repeated cross-sectional study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Indoor microbiome exposure is associated with asthma, rhinitis and eczema. However, no studies report the interactions between environmental characteristics, indoor microbiome and health effects in a repeated cross-sectional framework. Methods: 1,279 and 1,121 preschool children in an industrial city (Taiyuan) of China were assessed for asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms in 2012 and 2019 by self-administered questionnaires, respectively. Bacteria and fungi in classroom vacuum dust were characterized by culture-independent amplicon sequencing. Multi-level logistic/linear regression was performed in two cross-sectional and two combined models to assess the associations. Results: The number of observed species in bacterial and fungal communities in classrooms increased significantly from 2012 to 2019, and the compositions of the microbial communities were drastically changed (p < 0.001). The temporal microbiome variation was significantly larger than the spatial variation within the city (p < 0.001). Annual average outdoor SO2 concentration decreased by 60.7%, whereas NO2 and PM10 concentra-tions increased by 63.3% and 40.0% from 2012 to 2019, which were both associated with indoor microbiome variation (PERMANOVA p < 0.001). The prevalence of asthma (2.0% to 3.3%, p = 0.06) and rhinitis (28.0% to 25.3%, p = 0.13) were not significantly changed, but the prevalence of eczema was increased (3.6% to 7.0%; p < 0.001). Aspergillus subversicolor, Collinsella and Cutibacterium were positively associated with asthma, rhinitis and eczema, respectively (p < 0.01). Prevotella, Lactobacillus iners and Dolosigranulum were protectively (negatively) associated with rhinitis (p < 0.01), consistent with previous studies in the human respiratory tract. NO2 and PM10 concentrations were negatively associated with rhinitis in a bivariate model, but a multivariate mediation analysis revealed that Prevotella fully mediated the health effects. Conclusions: This is the first study to report the interactions between environmental characteristics, indoor microbiome and health in a repeated cross-sectional framework. The mediating effects of indoor microorganisms suggest incorporating biological with chemical exposure for a comprehensive exposure assessment.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Wen, Wanqing, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies conducted in Europeanancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations of abdominal obesity with approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 53,052 (for WC) and 48,312 (for WHR) individuals of Asian descent, and replicated 33 selected SNPs among 3,762 to 17,110 additional individuals. We identified four novel loci near the EFEMP1, ADAMTSL3, CNPY2, and GNAS genes that were associated with WC after adjustment for body mass index (BMI); two loci near the NID2 and HLA-DRB5 genes associated with WHR after adjustment for BMI, and three loci near the CEP120, TSC22D2, and SLC22A2 genes associated with WC without adjustment for BMI. Functional enrichment analyses revealed enrichment of corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling, GNRH signaling, and/or CDK5 signaling pathways for those newly-identified loci. Our study provides additional insight on genetic contribution to abdominal obesity.
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| 11. |
- Yang, Haibo, et al.
(författare)
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Coupling Downscaling and Calibrating Methods for Generating High-Quality Precipitation Data with Multisource Satellite Data in the Yellow River Basin
- 2024
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing. - 2072-4292. ; 16:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remote sensing precipitation data have the characteristics of wide coverage and revealing spatiotemporal information, but their spatial resolution is low. The accuracy of the data is obviously different in different study areas and hydrometeorological conditions. This study evaluated four precipitation products in the Yellow River basin from 2001 to 2019, constructed the optimal combined product, conducted downscaling with various machine algorithms, and performed corrections using meteorological station precipitation data to analyze the spatiotemporal trends of precipitation. The results showed that (1) GPM and MSWEP had the best four evaluation indicators, with R2 values of 0.93 and 0.90, respectively, and the smallest FSE and RMSE, with a BIAS close to 0. A high-precision mixed precipitation dataset, GPM-MSWEP, was constructed. (2) Among the three methods, the downscaling results of DFNN showed higher accuracy. (3) The results, after correction with GWR, could more effectively enhance the accuracy of the data. (4) Precipitation in the Yellow River Basin showed a decreasing trend in January, September, and December, while it exhibited an increasing trend in other months and seasons, with 2002 and 2016 being points of abrupt change. This study provides a reference for the production of high-precision satellite precipitation products in the Yellow River basin.
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| 12. |
- Yang, Ya, et al.
(författare)
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Human exposure to phthalate esters via ingestion of municipal drinking water from automatic water purifiers : levels, sources, and risks
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2053-1400 .- 2053-1419. ; 8:12, s. 2843-2855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of organic pollutants in drinking water is an environmental problem threatening public health. Water purifiers are commonly recognized as effective purification equipment for drinking water and are thus prevalent in the market, so there is a need to assess their true effects on drinking water. In this study, we have analyzed the distribution, potential sources, and health risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) in tap as well as purified water. 7 out of 22 target PAEs have been detected in a total of 75 drinking water samples, including tap water (TW), water vending machines (WVMs), and water boiling machines (WBMs). The total concentrations of 22 PAEs are N.D. to 447 ng L-1 in TW samples, 25.7 to 1.10 x 10(3) ng L-1 in WBM water, and N.D. to 841 ng L-1 in WVM water. The concentrations of PAEs in most WVM and WBM samples were comparable or slightly higher than those in TW samples. Meanwhile, the sigma PAE concentrations in the nearshore of the Yangtze Estuary area (northern and southern areas) were slightly higher than those from offshore areas (Pudong: PD, Fengxian and Minhang: FM), which may be attributed to the source water. Combining the results of principal component analysis and correlation analysis, certain PAEs, e.g., diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibuthyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were more polluting than diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-methyl phthalate (DMP) in WVM water than those in TW samples. This work suggests that the application of water purifiers may not remove certain PAEs efficiently from drinking water. In addition, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of sigma PAE via drinking water from automatic water purifiers were 2-3 times those from tap water under a high-exposure scenario, but all EDIs are well below current health regulatory guidelines for PAEs. This survey indicates that water purifiers made nearly no decrease to the PAE concentrations and possibly have negative effects on the quality of drinking water.
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