| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Feng, Meng-Yao, et al.
(författare)
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Work-Related Stress and Occurrence of Cardiovascular Disease A 13-Year Prospective Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:11, s. 927-933
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of work-related psychological and physical stresses on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods : A total of 5651 CVD-free participants older than 50 years from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were followed up for 13 years to detect incident CVD. Work-related stress was assessed using job strain and job reward questionnaire. Cox regression model was used to estimate the association. Results: High physical demands (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30) and low reward (HR, 1.19) compared with their counterparts, as well as active physical jobs (HR, 1.41) and high physical strain (HR, 1.45) in comparison with low physical strain were associated with higher risk of incident CVD after adjusting for confounders. However, combining physically stressful jobs with low reward did not further increase the CVD risk. Conclusions: Avoiding physically stressful jobs or providing appropriate reward may reduce the occurrence of CVD.
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| 5. |
- Jin, Ying-Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19 : An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Military Medical Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2054-9369. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.
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| 6. |
- Tang, Ting-Ting, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired thymic export and apoptosis contribute to regulatory T-cell defects in patients with chronic heart failure.
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203 .- 1932-6203. ; 6:9, s. e24272-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies suggest that regulatory T (T(reg)) cells play a beneficial role in ventricular remodeling and our previous data have demonstrated defects of T(reg) cells in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the mechanisms behind T(reg-)cell defects remained unknown. We here sought to elucidate the mechanism of T(reg-)cell defects in CHF patients.
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| 7. |
- Wang, Anqi, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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| 8. |
- Ye, Jialei, et al.
(författare)
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Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based composite cryogel with embedded macroporous cellulose beads for the separation of human serum immunoglobulin and albumin
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9314 .- 1615-9306. ; 36:24, s. 3813-3820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel super-macroporous monolithic composite cryogel was prepared by embedding macroporous cellulose beads into poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogel. The cellulose beads were fabricated by using a microchannel liquid-flow focusing and cryopolymerization method, while the composite cryogel was prepared by cryogenic radical polymerization of the hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate as cross-linker together with the cellulose beads. After graft polymerization with (vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride, the composite cryogel was applied to separate immunoglobulin-G and albumin from human serum. Immunoglobulin-G with a mean purity of 83.2% and albumin with a purity of 98% were obtained, indicating the composite cryogel as a promising chromatographic medium in bioseparation for the isolation of important bioactive proteins like immunoglobulins and albumins.
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| 9. |
- Yun, Junxian, et al.
(författare)
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Chromatographic adsorption of serum albumin and antibody proteins in cryogels with benzyl-quaternary amine ligands.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673. ; 1381, s. 173-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The preparation and characterization of mixed-mode adsorbents for a typical separation purpose are of great importance in bioseparation areas. In this work, we prepared a new monolithic cryogel with a combination of ion-exchange and hydrophobic functions by employing benzyl-quaternary amine groups. The fundamental cryogel properties, protein equilibrium adsorption isotherm and chromatographic adsorption in the cryogel were measured experimentally. The results showed that, by using bovine serum album as the model protein, the dual functional cryogel has protein binding capability even in salt solution and the buffer with pH close or below the protein isoelectric point due to both the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. A capillary-based adsorption model was developed, which provided satisfied insights of the microstructure, axial dispersion, mass transfer as well as protein adsorption characteristics within the cryogel bed. The chromatographic isolation of bioactive proteins from rabbit blood serum was carried out by the cryogel. Immunoglobulin G antibody with a purity of 98.2% and albumin with a purity of 96.8% were obtained, indicating that the cryogel could be an interesting and promising adsorbent in bioseparation areas.
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| 10. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 11. |
- Belopolski, Ilya, et al.
(författare)
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Observation of a linked-loop quantum state in a topological magnet
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 604:7907, s. 647-652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantum phases can be classified by topological invariants, which take on discrete values capturing global information about the quantum state1–13. Over the past decades, these invariants have come to play a central role in describing matter, providing the foundation for understanding superfluids5, magnets6,7, the quantum Hall effect3,8, topological insulators9,10, Weyl semimetals11–13 and other phenomena. Here we report an unusual linking-number (knot theory) invariant associated with loops of electronic band crossings in a mirror-symmetric ferromagnet14–20. Using state-of-the-art spectroscopic methods, we directly observe three intertwined degeneracy loops in the material’s three-torus, T3, bulk Brillouin zone. We find that each loop links each other loop twice. Through systematic spectroscopic investigation of this linked-loop quantum state, we explicitly draw its link diagram and conclude, in analogy with knot theory, that it exhibits the linking number (2, 2, 2), providing a direct determination of the invariant structure from the experimental data. We further predict and observe, on the surface of our samples, Seifert boundary states protected by the bulk linked loops, suggestive of a remarkable Seifert bulk–boundary correspondence. Our observation of a quantum loop link motivates the application of knot theory to the exploration of magnetic and superconducting quantum matter.
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| 12. |
- Bi, Yu-Han, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between chronic diseases and depression in middle-aged and older adults : A 4-year follow-up study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 289, s. 160-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Evidence of the association between common chronic diseases and depression is sparse.Methods: Totally 7819 participants aged 45+ without depression at baseline were followed-up (2011-2015) to detect incident depression. Chronic diseases and depression were defined by self-reported diagnosis and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D10), respectively. Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the association between chronic diseases and depression adjusting for age, gender, education, marital/living conditions, area, smoking, drinking, economic status, BMI and health insurance.Results: During an average of 3.42 years follow-up, 2271 participants developed depression (85 per 1000 person-year). Chronic diseases were related to significantly higher risk of depression (HR = 1.38). A higher risk of depression was also associated with specific diseases: stomach/other digestive diseases (HR = 1.19), diabetes (HR = 1.22), arthritis/rheumatism (HR = 1.30), and kidney diseases (HR = 1.34) (P < 0.05). The risk of depression increased with increasing in the number of chronic diseases (1: HR = 1.27, 2: HR = 1.49, and 3+: HR = 1.51, P-trend < 0.001). No significant difference was observed across age, gender, education, and area.Limitations: Chronic diseases and depression were based on self-reported diagnosis and measurement scale, respectively, which could lead to information bias. Some unmeasured confounders might have biased the results.Conclusions: The occurrence of depression in people aged 45+ is associated with number of chronic diseases in a dose-response fashion. These results may provide guidance on preventing depression and improving the quality of life in middle and late adulthood.
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| 13. |
- Cao, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneous consecutive reaction kinetics of direct oxidation of H2 to H2O2: Effect and regulation of confined mass transfer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Porous catalysts in heterogeneous reactions have played an important role in the modern chemical industry, but it is still challenging to quantitatively describe mass transfer and surface reaction behaviors of reactants in nano-confined space. Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is considered as an attractive alternative to anthraquinone oxidation process, while the confined mass transfer of H2O2 in porous catalysts limits the reactivity. In this work, taking the consecutive reaction of H2O2 synthesis as an example, a quantitative method in modeling the effects of confined mass transfer on the reactivity was studied. More specifically, calorimetry was developed to characterize the confined structures of porous carbon experimentally, the linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the statistical mechanics method were further combined. Then, the heterogeneous consecutive reaction kinetics and the Thiele modulus influenced by confined mass transfer were modeled. Consequently, regulation strategies were proposed with the help of theoretical models. The optimized catalyst with biological skeleton carbon support and 0.5 wt% palladium loading shows an excellent catalytic performance. Lastly, for the mesoscience in heterogeneous reaction, the resistance was explored as a quantitative descriptor to compromise in the competition between mass transfer and surface reaction. The mesoscale structures were considered as the dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of substance concentrations, and the resistance minimization multi-scale (RMMS) model was proposed.
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| 14. |
- Cui, J. -P, et al.
(författare)
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NEW BROADBAND ZERO PHASE SHIFTER BASED ON NEGATIVE REFRACTION INDEX TRANSMISSION LINE
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 22:14-15, s. 2069-2075
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the design of one dimensional broadband phase shifters based on a new class of negative refraction index transmission line. The proposed phase shifter here consists of conventional microstrip line and Negative Refraction Index (NRI) transmission line (TL) in which ideal operational amplifiers are applied to form the periodically loaded negative-impedance-converted inductors and capacitors. It is demonstrated that variations in inductors and capacitors can produce arbitrary phase shifts while maintaining the same overall length. Also, the NRI-TL is non-dispersive so that the new phase shifter can be used in many new broadband devices.
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| 15. |
- Deveshwar, Nikhil, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of the in vivo brain ultrashort-T2* component in healthy volunteers
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Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. - 0740-3194.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Recent work has shown MRI is able to measure and quantify signals of phospholipid membrane-bound protons associated with myelin in the human brain. This work seeks to develop an improved technique for characterizing this brain ultrashort- (Formula presented.) component in vivo accounting for (Formula presented.) weighting. Methods: Data from ultrashort echo time scans from 16 healthy volunteers with variable flip angles (VFA) were collected and fitted into an advanced regression model to quantify signal fraction, relaxation time, and frequency shift of the ultrashort- (Formula presented.) component. Results: The fitted components show intra-subject differences of different white matter structures and significantly elevated ultrashort- (Formula presented.) signal fraction in the corticospinal tracts measured at 0.09 versus 0.06 in other white matter structures and significantly elevated ultrashort- (Formula presented.) frequency shift in the body of the corpus callosum at (Formula presented.) 1.5 versus (Formula presented.) 2.0 ppm in other white matter structures. Conclusion: The significantly different measured components and measured (Formula presented.) relaxation time of the ultrashort- (Formula presented.) component suggest that this method is picking up novel signals from phospholipid membrane-bound protons.
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| 16. |
- Ehlers, Todd A., et al.
(författare)
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Past, present, and future geo-biosphere interactions on the Tibetan Plateau and implications for permafrost
- 2022
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Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-8252. ; 234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere are most active in the critical zone, a region extending from the tops of trees to the top of unweathered bedrock. Changes in one or more of these spheres can result in a cascade of changes throughout the system in ways that are often poorly understood. Here we investigate how past and present climate change have impacted permafrost, hydrology, and ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. We do this by compiling existing climate, hydrologic, cryosphere, biosphere, and geologic studies documenting change over decadal to glacial-interglacial timescales and longer. Our emphasis is on showing present-day trends in environmental change and how plateau ecosystems have largely flourished under warmer and wetter periods in the geologic past. We identify two future pathways that could lead to either a favorable greening or unfavorable degradation and desiccation of plateau ecosystems. Both paths are plausible given the available evidence. We contend that the key to which pathway future generations experience lies in what, if any, human intervention measures are implemented. We conclude with suggested management strategies that can be implemented to facilitate a future greening of the Tibetan Plateau.
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| 17. |
- Felsberg, Michael, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking VOT-TIR2016 Challenge Results
- 2016
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2016 Workshops. ECCV 2016.. - Cham : SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG. - 9783319488813 - 9783319488806 ; , s. 824-849
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking challenge 2016, VOT-TIR2016, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that work on thermal infrared (TIR) sequences and do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. VOT-TIR2016 is the second benchmark on short-term tracking in TIR sequences. Results of 24 trackers are presented. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. The VOT-TIR2016 challenge is similar to the 2015 challenge, the main difference is the introduction of new, more difficult sequences into the dataset. Furthermore, VOT-TIR2016 evaluation adopted the improvements regarding overlap calculation in VOT2016. Compared to VOT-TIR2015, a significant general improvement of results has been observed, which partly compensate for the more difficult sequences. The dataset, the evaluation kit, as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website.
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| 18. |
- Feng, Meng-Yao, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of chronic diseases on the occurrence of depression : A 13-year follow-up study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The causal association between chronic diseases and depression remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of types and number of chronic diseases on the risk of depression using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). A self-admitted questionnaire was used to obtain data on 14 predefined chronic diseases and the European-Depression Scale (EURO-D) was used to assess depression. Among the 16,080 baseline depression-free participants aged 50+, 31.29% (5032) developed depression over 13 years. Multivariate Cox regression models showed that individuals with any chronic diseases were at higher risk of new onset depression compared to disease-free participants. The risk of new onset depression increased with an increasing number of diseases among both younger (50–64) and older (65+) adults. Individuals with heart attack, stroke, diabetes, chronic lung disease, and arthritis were at increased risk of depression across age groups. However, some age-specific associations were observed, with cancer increasing depression risk among younger- and peptic ulcer, Parkinson's disease and cataracts increasing depression risk among older adults. These findings highlight the importance of managing chronic diseases, especially among those with more than two diseases, to prevent the development of depression among middle-aged and older adults.
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| 19. |
- Han, Fei-Fei, et al.
(författare)
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Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment : A 10-year follow-up study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 64:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often coexisted in the elderly. This study investigates the effect of late-life depressive symptoms on risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods. A total of 14,231 dementia- and MCI free participants aged 60+ from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe were followed-up for 10 years to detect incident MCI. MCI was defined as 1.5 standard deviation (SD) below the mean of the standardized global cognition score. Depressive symptoms were assessed by a 12-item Europe-depression scale (EURO-D). Severity of depressive symptoms was grouped as: no/minimal (score 0–3), moderate (score 4–5), and severe (score 6–12). Significant depressive symptoms (SDSs) were defined as EURO-D score ≥ 4.Results. During an average of 8.2 (SD = 2.4)-year follow-up, 1,352 (9.50%) incident MCI cases were identified. SDSs were related to higher MCI risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.26, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.10–1.44) in total population, individuals aged 70+ (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.14–1.61) and women (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.51) in Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for confounders. In addition, there was a dose–response association between the severity of depressive symptoms and MCI incidence in total population, people aged ≥70 years and women (p-trend <0.001).Conclusions. Significant depressive symptoms were associated with higher incidence of MCI in a dose–response fashion, especially among people aged 70+ years and women. Treating depressive symptoms targeting older population and women may be effective in preventing MCI.
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| 20. |
- He, Hanbing, et al.
(författare)
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Morphology-controlled synthesis of sodium hexa-titanate nanowhiskers by changing evaporation rate of NaCl-KCl molten salts
- 2013
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Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0888-5885 .- 1520-5045. ; 53:43, s. 15034-15040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Na2Ti6O13 nanowhiskers with controllable morphologies were prepared via a simple molten salt evaporation method using a small quantity of NaCl-KCl as molten salt. The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. The optimal growth dynamic conditions for synthesis of Na2Ti6O13 nanowhiskers were also studied and discussed. According to thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry analysis, the calcination process was designed to include two stages, lower temperature for reaction and higher temperature for evaporation of molten salt. Nanowhiskers and nanorods with different diameters can be obtained under different evaporation conditions. By comparing residual amounts of NaCl-KCl on product surfaces calculated by determined kinetic equation and experimental results only using NaCl as molten salt, it was revealed that the molten salt evaporation rates could play an important role on the morphologies of Na2Ti6O13. A formation mechanism was provided based on nucleation and growth model and an oriented aggregation process to understand different morphologies of Na2Ti 6O13. This simple molten salt evaporation method would be suitable for large scale synthesis
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| 21. |
- He, Xingkang, et al.
(författare)
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Visualization of human T lymphocyte-mediated eradication of cancer cells in vivo
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : NATL ACAD SCIENCES. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 117:37, s. 22910-22919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lymphocyte-based immunotherapy has emerged as a break-through in cancer therapy for both hematologic and solid malignancies. In a subpopulation of cancer patients, this powerful therapeutic modality converts malignancy to clinically manageable disease. However, the T cell- and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell-mediated antimetastatic activity, especially their impacts on microscopic metastatic lesions, has not yet been investigated. Here we report a living zebrafish model that allows us to visualize the metastatic cancer cell killing effect by tumor- infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CAR-T cells in vivo at the single-cell level. In a freshly isolated primary human melanoma, specific TILs effectively eliminated metastatic cancer cells in the living body. This potent metastasis-eradicating effect was validated using a human lymphoma model with CAR-T cells. Furthermore, cancer-associated fibroblasts protected metastatic cancer cells from T cell-mediated killing. Our data provide an in vivo platform to validate antimetastatic effects by human T cell-mediated immunotherapy. This unique technology may serve as a precision medicine platform for assessing anticancer effects of cellular immunotherapy in vivo before administration to human cancer patients.
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| 22. |
- Holt, Ann Julie U., et al.
(författare)
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Electronic properties of single-layer CoO2/Au(111)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering. - : IOP Publishing. - 2211-3398. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report direct measurements via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) of the electronic dispersion of single-layer (SL) CoO2. The Fermi contour consists of a large hole pocket centered at the (Gamma) over bar point. To interpret the ARPES results, we use density functional theory (DFT) in combination with the multi-orbital Gutzwiller Approximation (DFT+GA), basing our calculations on crystalline structure parameters derived from x-ray photoelectron diffraction and low-energy electron diffraction. Our calculations are in good agreement with the measured dispersion. We conclude that the material is a moderately correlated metal. We also discuss substrate effects, and the influence of hydroxylation on the CoO2 SL electronic structure.
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| 23. |
- Hsiung, Shih-Yi, et al.
(författare)
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Machine learning-based monosaccharide profiling for tissue-specific classification of Wolfiporia extensa samples
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machine learning (ML) has been used for many clinical decision-making processes and diagnostic procedures in bioinformatics applications. We examined eight algorithms, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), support vector machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes classifier (NB), and artificial neural network (ANN) models, to evaluate their classification and prediction capabilities for four tissue types in Wolfiporia extensa using their monosaccharide composition profiles. All 8 ML-based models were assessed as exemplary models with AUC exceeding 0.8. Five models, namely LDA, KNN, RF, GBM, and ANN, performed excellently in the four-tissue-type classification (AUC > 0.9). Additionally, all eight models were evaluated as good predictive models with AUC value >0.8 in the three-tissue-type classification. Notably, all 8 ML-based methods outperformed the single linear discriminant analysis (LDA) plotting method. For large sample sizes, the ML-based methods perform better than traditional regression techniques and could potentially increase the accuracy in identifying tissue samples of W. extensa.
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| 24. |
- Huang, Shan, et al.
(författare)
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Dipyridamole enhances the anti-cancer ability of aspirin against colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis in an unfolded protein response-dependent manner
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cellular Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2211-3428 .- 2211-3436. ; 46:4, s. 953-967
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Available evidence indicates that dipyridamole enhances the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin for the prevention of secondary strokes. Aspirin is a well-known non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory property has turned aspirin into a potential drug for inflammation-related cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aimed to explore whether the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC could be improved by combined administration with dipyridamole.METHODS: Population-based clinical data analysis was conducted to assess a possible therapeutic effect of combined dipyridamole and aspirin treatment in inhibiting CRC compared with either monotherapy. This therapeutic effect was further verified in different CRC mouse models, i.e. an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, an AOM/DSS mouse model, an Apc min/+ mouse model and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The in vitro effects of the drugs on CRC cells were tested using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: We found that dipyridamole combined with aspirin had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than either monotherapy alone. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of the combined use of dipyridamole with aspirin was found to rely on the induction of an overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR), which was different from the anti-platelet effect.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC may be enhanced by combined administration with dipyridamole. In case further clinical studies confirm our findings, these may be repurposed as adjuvant agents.
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| 25. |
- Jiang, Jizhong, et al.
(författare)
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Synergistic strain engineering of perovskite single crystals for highly stable and sensitive X-ray detectors with low-bias imaging and monitoring
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Photonics. - : Nature Portfolio. - 1749-4885 .- 1749-4893. ; 16:8, s. 575-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray detectors based on dual-site-doped perovskite single crystals exhibit excellent sensitivity of 2.6 x 10(4) mu C Gy(air)(-1) cm(-2) under a low field of 1 V cm(-1). The detectable dose rate is as low as 7.09 nGy(air) s(-1). The operational stability is beyond half a year. Although three-dimensional metal halide perovskite (ABX(3)) single crystals are promising next-generation materials for radiation detection, state-of-the-art perovskite X-ray detectors include methylammonium as A-site cations, limiting the operational stability. Previous efforts to improve the stability using formamidinium-caesium-alloyed A-site cations usually sacrifice the detection performance because of high trap densities. Here we successfully solve this trade-off between stability and detection performance by synergistic composition engineering, where we include A-site alloys to decrease the trap density and B-site dopants to release the microstrain induced by A-site alloying. As such, we develop high-performance perovskite X-ray detectors with excellent stability. Our X-ray detectors exhibit high sensitivity of (2.6 +/- 0.1) x 10(4) mu C Gy(air)(-1) cm(-2) under 1 V cm(-1) and ultralow limit of detection of 7.09 nGy(air) s(-1). In addition, they feature long-term operational stability over half a year and impressive thermal stability up to 125 degrees C. We further demonstrate the promise of our perovskite X-ray detectors for low-bias portable applications with high-quality X-ray imaging and monitoring prototypes.
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| 26. |
- Jiang, Ziyu, et al.
(författare)
-
HLA class I genes modulate disease risk and age at onset together with DR-DQ in Chinese patients with insulin-requiring type 1 diabetes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 64:9, s. 2026-2036
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis: The study aimed to investigate the effects of HLA class I genes on susceptibility to type 1 diabetes with different onset ages, in addition to the well-established effects of HLA class II genes. Methods: A total of 361 patients with type 1 diabetes (192 patients with onset <18 years and 169 patients with onset ≥18 years) and 500 healthy control participants from China were enrolled and genotyped for the HLA-A, -B, -C, -DQA1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 genes using next-generation sequencing. Results: The susceptible DR3 (β = −0.09, p = 0.0009) and DR4-DQ8 (β = −0.13, p = 0.0059) haplotypes were negatively associated with onset age, while the protective DR11 (β = 0.21, p = 0.0314) and DR12 (β = 0.27, p < 0.0001) haplotypes were positively associated with onset age. After adjustment for linkage disequilibrium with DR-DQ haplotypes, A*11:01:01 was positively associated with onset age (β = 0.06, p = 0.0370), while the susceptible C*15:02:01 was negatively associated with onset age (β = −0.21, p = 0.0050). The unit for β was double square-root (fourth root) transformed years of change in onset age associated with per copy of the HLA haplotype/allele. In addition, B*46:01:01 was protective (OR 0.41, 0.46; pc [corrected for multiple comparisons] = 0.0044, 0.0040), whereas A*24:02:01 (OR 2.71, 2.25; pc = 0.0003, 0.0002) and B*54:01:01 (OR 3.96, 3.79; pc = 0.0018, 0.0004) were predisposing in both the <18 group and the ≥18 group compared with healthy control participants. In the context of DR4-DQ4, A*11:01:01 (61.29% vs 28.26%, pc = 0.0144) was increased while the predisposing A*24:02:01 (19.35% vs 47.83%, pc = 0.0403) was decreased in patients with onset ≥18 years when compared with patients with onset <18 years. Conclusions/interpretation: In addition to DR-DQ haplotypes, novel HLA class I alleles were detected to play a role in susceptibility to type 1 diabetes with different onset ages, which could improve the understanding of disease heterogeneity and has implications for the design of future studies. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 27. |
- Kang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
-
Weak Bonds Joint Effects Catalyze the Cleavage of Strong C−C Bond of Lignin‐Inspired Compounds and Lignin in Air by Ionic Liquids
- 2020
-
Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 13:22, s. 5945-5953
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidation of lignin to value‐added aromatics through selective C−C bond cleavage via metal‐free and mild strategies is promising but challenging. It was discovered that the cations of ionic liquids (ILs) could effectively catalyze this kind of strong bond cleavage by forming multiple weak hydrogen bonds, enabling the reaction conducted in air at temperature lower than 373 K without metal‐containing catalysts. The cation [CPMim]+ (1‐propylronitrile‐3‐methylimidazolium) afforded the highest efficiency in C−C bond cleavage, in which high yields (>90 %) of oxidative products were achieved. [CPMim]+ could form three ipsilateral hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atom of C=O and ether bonds at both sides of the C−C bond. The weak bonds joint effects could promote adjacent C−H bond cleave to form free radicals and thereby catalyze the fragmentation of the strong C−C. This work opens up an eco‐friendly and energy‐efficient route for direct valorization of lignin by enhancing IL properties via tuning the cation.
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| 28. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 29. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Visual Object Tracking VOT2016 Challenge Results
- 2016
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Ingår i: COMPUTER VISION - ECCV 2016 WORKSHOPS, PT II. - Cham : SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG. - 9783319488813 - 9783319488806 ; , s. 777-823
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2016 aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 70 trackers are presented, with a large number of trackers being published at major computer vision conferences and journals in the recent years. The number of tested state-of-the-art trackers makes the VOT 2016 the largest and most challenging benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the Appendix. The VOT2016 goes beyond its predecessors by (i) introducing a new semi-automatic ground truth bounding box annotation methodology and (ii) extending the evaluation system with the no-reset experiment.
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| 30. |
- Li, Furong, et al.
(författare)
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Towards quantification of Holocene anthropogenic land-cover change in temperate China : A review in the light of pollen-based REVEALS reconstructions of regional plant cover
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0012-8252 .- 1872-6828. ; 203, s. 1-25
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an attempt to quantify Holocene anthropogenic land-cover change in temperate China, we 1) applied the REVEALS model to estimate plant-cover change using 94 pollen records and relative pollen productivity for 27 plant taxa, 2) reviewed earlier interpretation of pollen studies in terms of climate- and human-induced vegetation change, and 3) reviewed information on past land use from archaeological studies. REVEALS achieved a more realistic reconstruction of plant-cover change than pollen percentages in terms of openland versus woodland. The study suggests successive human-induced changes in vegetation cover. The first signs of human-induced land-cover change (crop cultivation, otherwise specified) are found c. 7 ka BP in the temperate deciduous forest, and S and NE Tibetan Plateau (mainly grazing, possibly crop cultivation), 6.5-6 ka BP in the temperate steppe and temperate desert (grazing, uncertain), and 5.5-5 ka BP in the coniferous-deciduous mixed forest, NE subtropical region, and NW Tibetan Plateau (grazing). Further intensification of anthropogenic land-cover change is indicated 5-4.5 ka BP in the E temperate steppe, and S and NE Tibetan Plateau (grazing, cultivation uncertain), 3.5-3 ka BP in S and NE Tibetan Plateau, W temperate steppe, temperate desert (grazing), and NW Tibetan Plateau (probably grazing), and 2.5-2 ka BP in the temperate deciduous forest, N subtropical region, and temperate desert (grazing). These changes generally agree with increased human activity as documented by archaeological studies. REVEALS reconstructions have a stronger potential than biomization to evaluate scenarios of anthropogenic land-cover change such as HYDE, given they are combined with information from archaeological studies.
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| 31. |
- Li, Ke, et al.
(författare)
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Does Preference Always Help? : A Holistic Study on Preference-Based Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization Using Reference Points
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation. - : IEEE. - 1089-778X .- 1941-0026. ; 24:6, s. 1078-1096
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ultimate goal of multiobjective optimization is to help a decision maker (DM) identify solution(s) of interest (SOI) achieving satisfactory tradeoffs among multiple conflicting criteria. This can be realized by leveraging DM's preference information in evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO). No consensus has been reached on the effectiveness brought by incorporating preference in EMO (either a priori or interactively) versus a posteriori decision making after a complete run of an EMO algorithm. Bearing this consideration in mind, this article: 1) provides a pragmatic overview of the existing developments of preference-based EMO (PBEMO) and 2) conducts a series of experiments to investigate the effectiveness brought by preference incorporation in EMO for approximating various SOI. In particular, the DM's preference information is elicited as a reference point, which represents her/his aspirations for different objectives. The experimental results demonstrate that preference incorporation in EMO does not always lead to a desirable approximation of SOI if the DM's preference information is not well utilized, nor does the DM elicit invalid preference information, which is not uncommon when encountering a black-box system. To a certain extent, this issue can be remedied through an interactive preference elicitation. Last but not the least, we find that a PBEMO algorithm is able to be generalized to approximate the whole PF given an appropriate setup of preference information.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of domain size on x-ray absorption spectra of boron nitride doped graphenes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 109:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Doping is an efficient way to open the zero band gap of graphene. The control of the dopant domain size allows us to tailor the electronic structure and the properties of the graphene. We have studied the electronic structure of boron nitride doped graphenes with different domain sizes by simulating their near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the N K-edge. Six different doping configurations (five quantum dot type and one phase-separated zigzag-edged type) were chosen, and N K-edge NEXAFS spectra were calculated with large truncated cluster models by using the density functional theory with hybrid functional and the equivalent core hole approximation. The opening of the band gap as a function of the domain size is revealed. We found that nitrogens in the dopant boundary contribute a weaker, red-shifted pi* peak in the spectra as compared to those in the dopant domain center. The shift is related to the fact that these interfacial nitrogens dominate the lowest conduction band of the system. Upon increasing the domain size, the ratio of interfacial atom decreases, which leads to a blue shift of the pi* peak in the total NEXAFS spectra. The spectral evolution agrees well with experiments measured at different BN-dopant concentrations and approaches to that of a pristine h-BN sheet.
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| 34. |
- Li, Yonghua, et al.
(författare)
-
Density affects plant size in the Gobi Desert
- 2024
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - 0048-9697. ; 912
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant size is a crucial functional trait with substantial implications in agronomy and forestry. Understanding the factors influencing plant size is essential for ecosystem management and restoration efforts. Various environmental factors and plant density play significant roles in plant size. However, how plant size responds to mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean annual temperature (MAT), and density in the arid areas remains incomplete. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted comprehensive vegetation surveys in the Gobi Desert in northwestern China with a MAP below 250 mm. We also collected climate data to disentangle the respective influences of climate and density on the community-weighted plant height, crown length, and crown width. Our observations revealed that the community-weighted mean plant height, crown length, and width demonstrated a positive association with MAT but negative relationships with both MAP and density. These patterns can be attributed to the predominance of shrubs over herbs in arid regions, as shrubs tend to be larger in size. The proportion of shrubs increases with MAT, while it decreases with MAP and density, resulting in higher plant height and larger crown dimensions. Although both MAP and MAT affect plant size in the Gobi Desert, our findings highlight the stronger role of plant density in regulating plant size, indicating that the surrounding plant community and competition among individuals are crucial drivers of plant size patterns. Our findings provide valuable guidance for nature-based solutions for vegetation restoration and ecosystem management, highlighting the importance of considering plant density as a key factor when designing and implementing restoration strategies in arid areas.
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| 35. |
- Li, Zuo, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-scale microstructure and its synergetic strengthening effect in stress rupture life of Inconel 718 fabricated by high-deposition-rate laser directed energy deposition
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 915
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superior elevated temperature properties are critical for the application of Inconel 718 in hot-end components. The utilization of high-deposition-rate laser directed energy deposition (HDR-LDED) increases the microstructural diversity of Inconel 718, which accordingly provides more opportunities for properties improvement. Herein, Inconel 718 alloy with a multi-scale microstructure were fabricated by HDR-LDED followed by customized heat treatment. The coarser columnar grains (width ∼300 μm) were obtained with γ" phase (diameter ∼33.74 nm and volume fraction ∼15.16 %) distributed homogeneously in the grain and the fine Laves phases (length ∼3.69 μm; width ∼1.94 μm; aspect ratio ∼1.99 and volume fraction ∼1.55 %) in the inter-dendritic region. This multi-scale microstructure possesses an excellent stress rupture life of 342.9 h with the elongation of 13 % at 650 °C, which far exceeds that of the forging (106 h, 4.2 %), It is attributed to the reduced number of transverse grain boundaries, the finer Laves phase accommodating many dislocations, and γ" phase promoting the formation of stacking faults, Lomer-Cottrell locks and nanotwins. The findings demonstrate the great potential of additively manufactured microstructure in properties enhancement, and may be enlightening for the development of novel customized high-temperature alloys.
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| 36. |
- Lu, Ya-Ke, et al.
(författare)
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Reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life : the role of gender and education from the longitudinal study of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate the reciprocal relationship between psychosocial work stress and quality of life (QoL) and to examine whether the relationship can be moderated by gender or education. Design Longitudinal, population-based study. Setting The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Participants The study population was derived from the SHARE, and there were 2006 participants with good QoL at baseline, 1109 with high job control and 1072 with high job reward, respectively, who were followed up for 2 years to detect incidence of poor QoL, low job control and low job reward. Main outcome measures Logistic regression models were employed to explore the reciprocal relationship between psychological work stress and QoL. Stratification analyses by gender and education were performed. Results Participants with low reward (OR= 1.53, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.88) and low control (OR= 1.40, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.71) at baseline were at higher risk of poor QoL over the 2-year follow-up. The combination of low reward and low control further increased the risk (OR= 1.90, 95% CI 1.46 to 2.48). Stratified analyses revealed that these associations were more pronounced among those who had high levels of education. Further, individuals with poor QoL were at significantly higher risk of having low reward (OR= 2.14, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.96) but not low control (OR= 1.33, 95% CI0.98 to 1.79) at the 2-year follow-up, especially among those who had medium levels of education. No gender differences were found. Conclusions There is a reciprocal relationship between psychological work stress and poor QoL. Education may play an important role in the relationship.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Markocsan, Nicolaie, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of heat treatment on low conductive thermal barrier coatings
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Surface Modification Technologies. - 9780981706511 ; , s. 139-147
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development of Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) systems will allow higher combustion temperature which is of interest for all manufactures since it results in higher fuel efficiency and environmentally cleaner emissions. Low thermal conductivity and long service life are the most important properties of these coatings. The objective of the work presented in this paper was to study the influence of a long-term heat treatment (i.e. 1200°C/2000h) on different characteristics of atmospheric plasma sprayed TBCs. Two zirconia feedstock materials were evaluated, namely yttria partially stabilised zirconia and dysprosia partially stabilised zirconia. Several spray conditions were designed and employed in order to achieve different coating morphologies. Microstructure analyses revealed that the coating microstructure was significantly dependent on both operating conditions and heat treatment conditions. Significant changes in coatings porosity occurred during heat treatment. The lowest thermal conductivity was reached with the dysprosia partially stabilised zirconia material. All TBC systems experienced decomposition of the metastable t´ phase during long heat treatment at 1200°C.
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| 39. |
- Meadows, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
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Genome sequencing of 2000 canids by the Dog10K consortium advances the understanding of demography, genome function and architecture
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The international Dog10K project aims to sequence and analyze several thousand canine genomes. Incorporating 20 x data from 1987 individuals, including 1611 dogs (321 breeds), 309 village dogs, 63 wolves, and four coyotes, we identify genomic variation across the canid family, setting the stage for detailed studies of domestication, behavior, morphology, disease susceptibility, and genome architecture and function.Results: We report the analysis of > 48 M single-nucleotide, indel, and structural variants spanning the autosomes, X chromosome, and mitochondria. We discover more than 75% of variation for 239 sampled breeds. Allele sharing analysis indicates that 94.9% of breeds form monophyletic clusters and 25 major clades. German Shepherd Dogs and related breeds show the highest allele sharing with independent breeds from multiple clades. On average, each breed dog differs from the UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0 reference at 26,960 deletions and 14,034 insertions greater than 50 bp, with wolves having 14% more variants. Discovered variants include retrogene insertions from 926 parent genes. To aid functional prioritization, single-nucleotide variants were annotated with SnpEff and Zoonomia phyloP constraint scores. Constrained positions were negatively correlated with allele frequency. Finally, the utility of the Dog10K data as an imputation reference panel is assessed, generating high-confidence calls across varied genotyping platform densities including for breeds not included in the Dog10K collection.Conclusions: We have developed a dense dataset of 1987 sequenced canids that reveals patterns of allele sharing, identifies likely functional variants, informs breed structure, and enables accurate imputation. Dog10K data are publicly available.
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| 40. |
- Meisiek, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Nonsense makes sense : humor in social sharing of emotion at the workplace
- 2005. - 1st ed.
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Ingår i: Emotions in Organizational Behavior. - : Psychology Press. - 9781410611895
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Emotional events are often molded in a humorous way in the course of frequent retelling after the event. An instructive example, in terms of our concerns in this theoretical chapter, appears in Linstead (1985) with an analysis of a particular case. A worker on a fruit-pie machine was left with a mutilated hand after an accident on the job. His amputated finger could not be found, and 4,000 pies were discarded. In the days and weeks that followed, his coworkers reinvoked the emotional event among themselves. Linstead identified comments, remarks, discussions, and jokes in which the emotional event was reframed in a humorous way. One coworker recalled, “I can’t remember ‘em all now, but when it happened there were loads of jokes about it. It sounds ter-rible, dun’ it, but tha’d hear a new ‘un every break. I wish I could remember ‘em” (Linstead, 1985, p. 753). One such joke was,” ‘They were going to get some ‘finger-hunter’ stickers made and pack them 4000 pies’ (promotion boxes usually bore a sticker marked ‘Bargain Hunter’)” (Linstead, 1985, p. 754). As Linstead explained, humor was added to the emotional event by the workers in order to maintain their own status, competence, and independence, and to cope with their particular work environment. In the end the event was well recognized and well established in the sensemaking of the workgroup. What is striking about this example is the molding of a negative emotional event through the injection of humor. In addition to the social effects described by Linstead, humor seems to offer a means whereby the individual can talk about strong emotional events in the social sphere of work.
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| 41. |
- Nanda, Suchet, et al.
(författare)
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Rho GTPase activity crosstalk mediated by Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 coordinates cell protrusion-retraction cycles
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rho GTPases play a key role in the spatio-temporal coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics during cell migration. Here, we directly investigate crosstalk between the major Rho GTPases Rho, Rac and Cdc42 by combining rapid activity perturbation with activity measurements in mammalian cells. These studies reveal that Rac stimulates Rho activity. Direct measurement of spatio-temporal activity patterns show that Rac activity is tightly and precisely coupled to local cell protrusions, followed by Rho activation during retraction. Furthermore, we find that the Rho-activating Lbc-type GEFs Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 are enriched at transient cell protrusions and retractions and recruited to the plasma membrane by active Rac. In addition, their depletion reduces activity crosstalk, cell protrusion-retraction dynamics and migration distance and increases migration directionality. Thus, our study shows that Arhgef11 and Arhgef12 facilitate exploratory cell migration by coordinating cell protrusion and retraction by coupling the activity of the associated regulators Rac and Rho.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Pei, Cuiying, et al.
(författare)
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Quasi 3D polymerization in C60 bilayers in a fullerene solvate
- 2017
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Ingår i: Carbon. - : Elsevier. - 0008-6223 .- 1873-3891. ; 124, s. 499-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The polymerization of fullerenes has been an interesting topic for almost three decades. A rich polymeric phase diagram of C60 has been drawn under a variety of pressure-temperature conditions. However, only linear or perpendicular linkages of C60 are found in the ordered phases. Here we used a unique bilayer structural solvate, C60∙1,1,2-trichloroethane (C60∙1TCAN), to generate a novel quasi-3D C60 polymer under high pressure and/or high temperature. Using Raman, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, we observe that the solvent molecules play a crucial role in confining the [2+2] cycloaddition bonds of C60s forming in the upper and lower layers alternately. The relatively long distance between the two bilayers restricts the covalent linkage extended in a single individual bilayer. Our studies not only enrich the phase diagram of polymeric C60, but also facilitate targeted design and synthesis of unique C60 polymers.
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| 44. |
- Qiao, Ya-Mei, et al.
(författare)
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Reciprocal associations between job strain and depression : A 2-year follow-up study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : Wiley. - 2162-3279. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A growing number of people suffered from depression. This study examined the depression prevalence in workers across 10 European countries plus Israel and the reciprocal associations between job strain and depression.Methods: The study population consisted of 7,879 workers aged 50-63 years at baseline (2004) from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Job demands (physical or psychosocial) and job control variables were derived from the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Two 4-category job strains (physical and psychosocial) were obtained based on the cross-tabulation of these dichotomized demands and control variables. There were 4,284 depression-free, 3,259 high physical strain-free and 3,195 high psychosocial strain-free participants at baseline who were followed up for 2 years to detect incident depression, high physical job strain, or high psychosocial strain, respectively. The reciprocal associations between job strain and depression were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression and multivariate multilevel logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.Results: The prevalence of depression varied from the lowest 12.5% in Germany to the highest 27.2% in France. Compared to individuals with low strain, a significantly higher risk of depression were found in individuals with high physical strain (OR = 1.39) and high psychosocial strain (OR = 1.55), after adjusting for potential confounders. Depression at baseline was not significantly associated with subsequent high job strain. Similar results were observed from multilevel models that took into consideration of the potential country-level influences.Conclusions: The prevalence of depression varies across countries in Europe. Avoiding high job strain may be an effective preventive strategy to prevent depression epidemic.
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| 45. |
- Qiu, Feng, et al.
(författare)
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A new IQ detection method for LLRF
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 675, s. 139-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital LLRF technology has been widely used in new generation particle accelerators. IF quadrature sampling is a common method for amplitude and phase detection. Many strategies, which obey the same rule of f(sample) = (M/N)f(IF) (M/N is a rational number), have been proposed to reduce the effects of spectrum aliasing. However, we found that M/N does not need to be a rational number according to Shannon's theorem. Therefore, we propose a new IQ detection method in this paper. This method is based on a special IIR filter which is derived from an RLC circuit. The unique characteristic of the method is that the value of f(IF) is independent of the value of, f(sample). We have set up an experimental platform to verify our method. A 122.88 MHz sampling clock is used to sample a 3 MHz IF signal. The DOS and PI control techniques are used to realize the closed-loop control. Results show that the stability of the system is within +/- 0.05% (peak to peak) for the amplitude, and with +/- 0.03 degrees (peak to peak) for the phase in 5 h. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 46. |
- Ren, Wenqian, et al.
(författare)
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Adult-onset type 1 diabetic patients with less severe clinical manifestation have less risk DR-DQ genotypes than childhood-onset patients
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1520-7552 .- 1520-7560. ; 37:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in clinical features and HLA genotypes between adult-onset and childhood-onset patients with type 1 diabetes in a Chinese population. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 716 Han Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes from Guangdong (258 childhood-onset and 458 adult-onset) to compare their clinical features. Of them 214 patients with classical type 1 diabetes (100 childhood-onset and 114 adult-onset) were selected for HLA DR and DQ genotyping by next-generation sequencing. Results: Adult-onset patients were characterized by longer duration of symptoms before diagnosis, lower frequency of DKA at disease onset, less frequent autoantibody positivity, higher serum C-peptide concentrations, and better glycemic control. These findings were replicated in the restricted cohort of 214 patients with classical type 1 diabetes. Compared with childhood-onset patients, adult-onset patients had a lower frequency of the DR9 haplotype, as well as lower frequency of high-risk DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 genotypes, but higher frequency of DR3/DR3 genotype and DR3/X, DR4/X or DR9/X (X, non-risk) genotypes. Conclusions: Adult-onset type 1 diabetic patients with susceptible haplotypes (DR3, DR4 or DR9) were more likely to carry protective DR-DQ haplotypes than childhood-onset patients, which suggested the association between less risk DR-DQ genotypes and the less severe clinical manifestation in adult-onset patients.
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| 47. |
- Santangelo, James S., et al.
(författare)
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Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural dines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale.
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| 48. |
- Shao, Shuai, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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A Study on the Lubrication Characteristics and Parameter Influence of a High-Speed Train Herringbone Gearbox
- 2024
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Ingår i: Lubricants. - 2075-4442. ; 12:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the lubrication characteristics in high-speed train gearboxes, a two-stage herringbone gearbox with an idle gear was analyzed. The lubricant flow and distribution were shown using the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method. A liquid film flow model was brought in to enhance the non-slip wall boundary conditions, enabling MPS to predict the film flow characteristics. This study investigates the influence of gear rotating speed, lubricant volume, and temperature on lubricant flow, liquid film distribution, lubrication state in the meshing zone, and churning power loss. The results indicate that lubrication characteristics depend on the splashing effect of rotating gears and lubricant fluidity. Increasing gear rotating speed and lubricant temperature can improve liquid film distribution on the inner wall, increase lubricant volume, and thus enhance film thickness. The lubricant particles in the meshing zone correlate positively with the gear rotating speed and lubricant volume, correlate negatively with a temperature above 20 °C, and decrease notably at low temperatures. Churning power loss mainly comes from the output gear. As lubricant volume and gear rotating speed increase, churning torque and power loss increase. Above 20 °C, viscosity decreases, reducing power loss; low temperatures lessen lubricant fluidity, reducing churning power loss.
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| 49. |
- Shi, Haonan, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence, risk factors, impact and management of pneumonia among preschool children in Chinese seven cities : a cross-sectional study with interrupted time series analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1741-7015. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Pneumonia is a common disease worldwide in preschool children. Despite its large population size, China has had no comprehensive study of the national prevalence, risk factors, and management of pneumonia among preschool children. We therefore investigated the prevalence of pneumonia among preschool children in Chinese seven representative cities, and explore the possible risk factors of pneumonia on children, with a view to calling the world's attention to childhood pneumonia to reduce the prevalence of childhood pneumonia.Methods: Two group samples of 63,663 and 52,812 preschool children were recruited from 2011 and 2019 surveys, respectively. Which were derived from the cross-sectional China, Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) study using a multi-stage stratified sampling method. This survey was conducted in kindergartens in seven representative cities. Exclusion criteria were younger than 2 years old or older than 8 years old, non-permanent population, basic information such as gender, date of birth and breast feeding is incomplete. Pneumonia was determined on the basis of parents reported history of clearly diagnosed by the physician. All participants were assessed with a standard questionnaire. Risk factors for pneumonia, and association between pneumonia and other respiratory diseases were examined by multivariable-adjusted analyses done in all participants for whom data on the variables of interest were available. Disease management was evaluated by the parents' reported history of physician diagnosis, longitudinal comparison of risk factors in 2011 and 2019.Results: In 2011 and 2019, 31,277 (16,152 boys and 15,125 girls) and 32,016 (16,621 boys and 15,395 girls) preschool children aged at 2-8 of permanent population completed the questionnaire, respectively, and were thus included in the final analysis. The findings showed that the age-adjusted prevalence of pneumonia in children was 32.7% in 2011 and 26.4% in 2019. In 2011, girls (odds ratio [OR] 0.91, 95%CI [confidence interval]0.87-0.96; p = 0.0002), rural (0.85, 0.73-0.99; p = 0.0387), duration of breastfeeding & GE; 6 months(0.83, 0.79-0.88; p < 0.0001), birth weight (g) & GE; 4000 (0.88, 0.80-0.97; p = 0.0125), frequency of putting bedding to sunshine (Often) (0.82, 0.71-0.94; p = 0.0049), cooking fuel type (electricity) (0.87, 0.80-0.94; p = 0.0005), indoor use air-conditioning (0.85, 0.80-0.90; p < 0.0001) were associated with a reduced risk of childhood pneumonia. Age (4-6) (1.11, 1.03-1.20; p = 0.0052), parental smoking (one) (1.12, 1.07-1.18; p < 0.0001), used antibiotics (2.71, 2.52-2.90; p < 0.0001), history of parental allergy (one and two) (1.21, 1.12-1.32; p < 0.0001 and 1.33, 1.04-1.69; p = 0.0203), indoor dampness (1.24, 1.15-1.33; p < 0.0001), home interior decoration (1.11, 1.04-1.19; p = 0.0013), Wall painting materials (Paint) (1.16, 1.04-1.29; p = 0.0084), flooring materials (Laminate / Composite wood) (1.08, 1.02-1.16; p = 0.0126), indoor heating mode(Central heating)(1.18, 1.07-1.30, p = 0.0090), asthma (2.38, 2.17-2.61; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.36, 1.25-1.47; p < 0.0001), wheezing (1.64, 1.55-1.74; p < 0.0001) were associated with an elevated risk of childhood pneumonia; pneumonia was associated with an elevated risk of childhood asthma (2.53, 2.31-2.78; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.41, 1.29-1.53; p < 0.0001) and wheezing (1.64, 1.55-1.74; p < 0.0001). In 2019, girls (0.92, 0. 87-0.97; p = 0.0019), duration of breastfeeding & GE; 6 months (0.92, 0.87-0.97; p = 0.0031), used antibiotics (0.22, 0.21-0.24; p < 0.0001), cooking fuel type (Other) (0.40, 0.23-0.63; p = 0.0003), indoor use air-conditioning (0.89, 0.83-0.95; p = 0.0009) were associated with a reduced risk of childhood pneumonia. Urbanisation (Suburb) (1.10, 1.02-1.18; p = 0.0093), premature birth (1.29, 1.08-1.55; p = 0.0051), birth weight (g) < 2500 (1.17, 1.02-1.35; p = 0.0284), parental smoking (1.30, 1.23-1.38; p < 0.0001), history of parental asthma (One) (1.23, 1.03-1.46; p = 0.0202), history of parental allergy (one and two) (1.20, 1.13-1.27; p < 0.0001 and 1.22, 1.08-1.37; p = 0.0014), cooking fuel type (Coal) (1.58, 1.02-2.52; p = 0.0356), indoor dampness (1.16, 1.08-1.24; p < 0.0001), asthma (1.88, 1.64-2.15; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.57, 1.45-1.69; p < 0.0001), wheezing (2.43, 2.20-2.68; p < 0.0001) were associated with an elevated risk of childhood pneumonia; pneumonia was associated with an elevated risk of childhood asthma (1.96, 1.72-2.25; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.60, 1.48-1.73; p < 0.0001) and wheezing (2.49, 2.25-2.75; p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Pneumonia is prevalent among preschool children in China, and it affects other childhood respiratory diseases. Although the prevalence of pneumonia in Chinese children shows a decreasing trend in 2019 compared to 2011, a well-established management system is still needed to further reduce the prevalence of pneumonia and reduce the burden of disease in children.
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| 50. |
- Shieh, Jia-Min, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced photoresponse of a metal-oxide-semiconductor photodetector with silicon nanocrystals embedded in the oxide layer
- 2007
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 90:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors report a two-terminal metal-oxide-semiconductor photodetector for which light is absorbed in a capping layer of silicon nanocrystals embedded in a mesoporous silica matrix on p-type silicon substrates. Operated at reverse bias, enhanced photoresponse from 300 to 700 nm was observed. The highest optoelectronic conversion efficiency is as high as 200%. The enhancements were explained by a transistorlike mechanism, in which the inversion layer acts as the emitter and trapped positive charges in the mesoporous dielectric layer assist carrier injection from the inversion layer to the contact, such that the primary photocurrent could be amplified.
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