| 1. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Quanli, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Rewiring carbon metabolism in yeast for high level production of aromatic chemicals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of bioactive plant compounds using microbial hosts is considered a safe, cost-competitive and scalable approach to their production. However, microbial production of some compounds like aromatic amino acid (AAA)-derived chemicals, remains an outstanding metabolic engineering challenge. Here we present the construction of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform strain able to produce high levels of p-coumaric acid, an AAA-derived precursor for many commercially valuable chemicals. This is achieved through engineering the AAA biosynthesis pathway, introducing a phosphoketalose-based pathway to divert glycolytic flux towards erythrose 4-phosphate formation, and optimizing carbon distribution between glycolysis and the AAA biosynthesis pathway by replacing the promoters of several important genes at key nodes between these two pathways. This results in a maximum p-coumaric acid titer of 12.5 g L−1 and a maximum yield on glucose of 154.9 mg g−1.
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| 3. |
- Wenning, Leonie, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing very long-chain fatty alcohol and wax ester biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 114:5, s. 1025-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wax esters (WEs) are neutral lipids and can be used for a broad range of commercial applications, including personal care products, lubricants, or coatings. They are synthesized by enzymatic reactions catalyzed by a fatty acyl reductase (FAR) and a wax ester synthase (WS). At present, commercially used WEs are mainly isolated from Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba), but the high extraction costs and limited harvest areas constrain their use. The use of FARs in combination with different WSs to achieve a synthesis of jojoba-like WEs in bacteria and yeast has been reported previously, but the products were restricted to C28-C36 WEs. These rather short WEs make up only a very small percentage of the total WEs in natural jojoba oil. The synthesis of longer chain WEs (up to C44) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has so far only been achieved after substrate feeding. Here we identified new routes for producing very long-chain fatty alcohols (VLCFOHs) up to a chain length of C22 by heterologous expression of a FAR derived from Apis mellifera ( Am FAR1) or Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8 (Maqu_2220) in S. cerevisiae and achieved maximum yields of 3.22 ± 0.36 mg/g cell dry weight (CDW) and 7.84 ± 3.09 mg/g CDW, respectively, after 48 h. Moreover, we enabled the synthesis of jojoba-like WEs up to a chain length of C42, catalyzed by a combination of Maqu_2220 together with the WS from S. chinensis ( Sci WS) and the S. cerevisiae elongase Elo2p, with a maximum yield of 12.24 ± 3.35 mg/g CDW after 48 h.
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| 4. |
- Yu, R., et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen limitation reveals large reserves in metabolic and translational capacities of yeast
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cells maintain reserves in their metabolic and translational capacities as a strategy to quickly respond to changing environments. Here we quantify these reserves by stepwisereducing nitrogen availability in yeast steady-state chemostat cultures, imposing severe restrictions on total cellular protein and transcript content. Combining multi-omics analysis with metabolic modeling, we find that seven metabolic superpathways maintain >50% metabolic capacity in reserve, with glucose metabolism maintaining >80% reserve capacity. Cells maintain >50% reserve in translational capacity for 2490 out of 3361 expressed genes (74%), with a disproportionately large reserve dedicated to translating metabolic proteins. Finally, ribosome reserves contain up to 30% sub-stoichiometric ribosomal proteins, with activation of reserve translational capacity associated with selective upregulation of 17 ribosomal proteins. Together, our dataset provides a quantitative link between yeast physiology and cellular economics, which could be leveraged in future cell engineering through targeted proteome streamlining. © 2020, The Author(s).
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| 5. |
- Yu, Tao, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of very long chain fatty acid-derived chemicals
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 8, s. Article number: 15587-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production of chemicals and biofuels through microbial fermentation is an economical and sustainable alternative for traditional chemical synthesis. Here we present the construction of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform strain for high-level production of very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-derived chemicals. Through rewiring the native fatty acid elongation system and implementing a heterologous Mycobacteria FAS I system, we establish an increased biosynthesis of VLCFAs in S. cerevisiae . VLCFAs can be selectively modified towards the fatty alcohol docosanol (C22H46O) by expressing a specific fatty acid reductase. Expression of this enzyme is shown to impair cell growth due to consumption of VLCFA-CoAs. We therefore implement a dynamic control strategy for separating cell growth from docosanol production. We successfully establish high-level and selective docosanol production of 83.5 mg l(-1) in yeast. This approach will provide a universal strategy towards the production of similar high value chemicals in a more scalable, stable and sustainable manner.
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| 6. |
- Yu, Tao, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Reprogramming Yeast Metabolism from Alcoholic Fermentation to Lipogenesis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 174:6, s. 1549-1572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering microorganisms for production of fuels and chemicals often requires major re-programming of metabolism to ensure high flux toward the product of interest. This is challenging, as millions of years of evolution have resulted in establishment of tight regulation of metabolism for optimal growth in the organism's natural habitat. Here, we show through metabolic engineering that it is possible to alter the metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from traditional ethanol fermentation to a pure lipogenesis metabolism, resulting in high-level production of free fatty acids. Through metabolic engineering and process design, we altered subcellular metabolic trafficking, fine tuned NADPH and ATP supply, and decreased carbon flux to biomass, enabling production of 33.4 g/L extracellular free fatty acids. We further demonstrate that lipogenesis metabolism can replace ethanol fermentation by deletion of pyruvate decarboxylase enzymes followed by adaptive laboratory evolution. Genome sequencing of evolved strains showed that pyruvate kinase mutations were essential for this phenotype.
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| 7. |
- Bao, Chunxiong, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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A multifunctional display based on photo-responsive perovskite light-emitting diodes
- 2024
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Ingår i: NATURE ELECTRONICS. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2520-1131.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current display screens are typically only used for information display, but can have a range of different sensors integrated into them for functions such as touch control, ambient light sensing and fingerprint sensing. Photo-responsive light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which can display information and respond to light excitation, could be used to develop future ultra-thin and large screen-to-body ratio screens. However, photo-response is difficult to achieve with conventional display technologies. Here, we report a multifunctional display that uses photo-responsive metal halide perovskite LEDs as pixels. The perovskite LED display can be simultaneously used as a touch screen, ambient light sensor and image sensor (including for fingerprint drawing) without integrating any additional sensors. The light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of the pixels also allow the display to act as a photovoltaic device that can charge the equipment. Photo-responsive metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes can be used to create a multifunctional display that can function as a touch screen, ambient light sensor and image sensor.
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| 8. |
- Li, Yunyun, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Enhanced Microbial MeHg Production in Mining-Contaminated Paddy Soils under Sulfate Amendment : Changes in Hg Mobility or Microbial Methylators?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 53:4, s. 1844-1852
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated methylmercury (MeHg) production in mining-contaminated paddy soils, despite the high fraction of refractory HgS(s), has been frequently reported, while the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesized that sulfate input, via fertilization, rainfall, and irrigation, is critical in mobilizing refractory HgS(s) and thus enhancing Hg methylation in mining-contaminated paddy soils. To test this hypothesis, the effects of sulfate amendment on Hg methylation and MeHg bioaccumulation in mining-contaminated soil-rice systems were examined. The results indicated 28-61% higher net MeHg production in soils under sulfate amendment (50-1000 mg kg-1), which in turn increased grain MeHg levels by 22-55%. The enhancement of Hg methylation by Hg mobilization in sulfate-amended soils was supported by two observations: (1) the increased Hg(aq) release from HgS(s), the dominant Hg species in the paddy soils, in the presence of sulfide produced following sulfate reduction and (2) the decreases of refractory HgS(s) in soils under sulfate amendment. By contrast, changes in the abundances/activities of potential microbial Hg methylators in different Hg-contaminated soils were not significant following sulfate amendment. Our results highlight the importance to consider enhanced Hg mobility and thus methylation in soils under sulfate amendment.
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| 9. |
- Liu, Quanli, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Modular Pathway Rewiring of Yeast for Amino Acid Production
- 2018
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Ingår i: Methods in Enzymology. - : Elsevier. - 1557-7988 .- 0076-6879. ; 608, s. 417-439
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Amino acids find various applications in biotechnology in view of their importance in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and personal care industries as nutrients, additives, and drugs, respectively. For the large-scale production of amino acids, microbial cell factories are widely used and the development of amino acid-producing strains has mainly focused on prokaryotes Corynebacterium glutamicum and Escherichia coli. However, the eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae is becoming an even more appealing microbial host for production of amino acids and derivatives because of its superior molecular and physiological features, such as amenable to genetic engineering and high tolerance to harsh conditions. To transform S. cerevisiae into an industrial amino acid production platform, the highly coordinated and multiple layers regulation in its amino acid metabolism should be relieved and reconstituted to optimize the metabolic flux toward synthesis of target products. This chapter describes principles, strategies, and applications of modular pathway rewiring in yeast using the engineering of L-ornithine metabolism as a paradigm. Additionally, detailed protocols for in vitro module construction and CRISPR/Cas-mediated pathway assembly are provided.
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| 10. |
- Sánchez, Benjamín José, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking accuracy and precision of intensity-based absolute quantification of protein abundances in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 21:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein quantification via label-free mass spectrometry (MS) has become an increasingly popular method for predicting genome-wide absolute protein abundances. A known caveat of this approach, however, is the poor technical reproducibility, that is, how consistent predictions are when the same sample is measured repeatedly. Here, we measured proteomics data for Saccharomyces cerevisiae with both biological and inter-batch technical triplicates, to analyze both accuracy and precision of protein quantification via MS. Moreover, we analyzed how these metrics vary when applying different methods for converting MS intensities to absolute protein abundances. We demonstrate that our simple normalization and rescaling approach can perform as accurately, yet more precisely, than methods which rely on external standards. Additionally, we show that inter-batch reproducibility is worse than biological reproducibility for all evaluated methods. These results offer a new benchmark for assessing MS data quality for protein quantification, while also underscoring current limitations in this approach.
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| 11. |
- Song, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamics of Hg(II) Bonding to Thiol Groups in Suwannee River Natural Organic Matter Resolved by Competitive Ligand Exchange, Hg LIII-Edge EXAFS and 1H NMR Spectroscopy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 52:15, s. 8292-8301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A molecular level understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the chemical bonding between mercury, Hg(II), and natural organic matter (NOM) associated thiol functional groups (NOM-RSH) is required if bioavailability and transformation processes of Hg in the environment are to be fully understood. This study provides the thermodynamic stability of the Hg(NOM-RS)2 structure using a robust method in which cysteine (Cys) served as a competing ligand to NOM (Suwannee River 2R101N sample) associated RSH groups. The concentration of the latter was quantified to be 7.5 ± 0.4 μmol g-1 NOM by Hg LIII-edge EXAFS spectroscopy. The Hg(Cys)2 molecule concentration in chemical equilibrium with the Hg(II)-NOM complexes was directly determined by HPLC-ICPMS and losses of free Cys due to secondary reactions with NOM was accounted for in experiments using 1H NMR spectroscopy and 13C isotope labeled Cys. The log K ± SD for the formation of the Hg(NOM-RS)2 molecular structure, Hg2+ + 2NOM-RS- = Hg(NOM-RS)2, and for the Hg(Cys)(NOM-RS) mixed complex, Hg2+ + Cys- + NOM-RS- = Hg(Cys)(NOM-RS), were determined to be 40.0 ± 0.2 and 38.5 ± 0.2, respectively, at pH 3.0. The magnitude of these constants was further confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and the Hg(NOM-RS)2 structure was verified by Hg LIII-edge EXAFS spectroscopy. An important finding is that the thermodynamic stabilities of the complexes Hg(NOM-RS)2, Hg(Cys)(NOM-RS) and Hg(Cys)2 are very similar in magnitude at pH values <7, when all thiol groups are protonated. Together with data on 15 low molecular mass (LMM) thiols, as determined by the same method ( Liem-Ngyuen et al. Thermodynamic stability of mercury(II) complexes formed with environmentally relevant low-molecular-mass thiols studied by competing ligand exchange and density functional theory . Environ. Chem. 2017 , 14 , ( 4 ), 243 - 253 .), the constants for Hg(NOM-RS)2 and Hg(Cys)(NOM-RS) represent an internally consistent thermodynamic data set that we recommend is used in studies where the chemical speciation of Hg(II) is determined in the presence of NOM and LMM thiols.
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| 12. |
- Yu, Tao, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Big data in yeast systems biology
- 2019
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Ingår i: FEMS Yeast Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1567-1356 .- 1567-1364. ; 19:7
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systems biology uses computational and mathematical modeling to study complex interactions in a biological system. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which has served as both an important model organism and cell factory, has pioneered both the early development of such models and modeling concepts, and the more recent integration of multi-omics big data in these models to elucidate fundamental principles of biology. Here, we review the advancement of big data technologies to gain biological insight in three aspects of yeast systems biology: gene expression dynamics, cellular metabolism and the regulation network between gene expression and metabolism. The role of big data and complementary modeling approaches, including the expansion of genome-scale metabolic models and machine learning methodologies, are discussed as key drivers in the rapid advancement of yeast systems biology.
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| 13. |
- Yu, Tao, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Strategies and challenges for metabolic rewiring
- 2019
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Systems Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-3100. ; 15, s. 30-38
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metabolic engineering is often centred on rewiring cellular metabolism to improve the production of chemicals. Turning cells into efficient factories is challenging because of ubiquitous and tightly regulated metabolic interactions. Tools and strategies from different disciplines, including systems biology, synthetic biology and evolutionary engineering, have been integrated into metabolic engineering to overcome challenges with rewiring metabolism for cell factory development. In this review, we summarise the recent development of tools and strategies for dynamic pathway regulation, compartmentalisation, modular and evolutionary engineering. In addition, we describe how systems biology tools benefit metabolic rewiring for advancing the development of cell factories.
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