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- Gruzieva, O, et al.
(author)
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Air pollution, metabolites and respiratory health across the life-course
- 2022
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In: European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1600-0617. ; 31:165
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous studies have explored the relationships of air pollution and metabolic profiles with lung function. However, the metabolites linking air pollution and lung function and the associated mechanisms have not been reviewed from a life-course perspective. Here, we provide a narrative review summarising recent evidence on the associations of metabolic profiles with air pollution exposure and lung function in children and adults. Twenty-six studies identified through a systematic PubMed search were included with 10 studies analysing air pollution-related metabolic profiles and 16 studies analysing lung function-related metabolic profiles. A wide range of metabolites were associated with short- and long-term exposure, partly overlapping with those linked to lung function in the general population and with respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. The existing studies show that metabolomics offers the potential to identify biomarkers linked to both environmental exposures and respiratory outcomes, but many studies suffer from small sample sizes, cross-sectional designs, a preponderance on adult lung function, heterogeneity in exposure assessment, lack of confounding control and omics integration. The ongoing EXposome Powered tools for healthy living in urbAN Settings (EXPANSE) project aims to address some of these shortcomings by combining biospecimens from large European cohorts and harmonised air pollution exposure and exposome data.
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- Yu, Kan, et al.
(author)
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REALFLOW : Reliable Real-Time Flooding-Based Routing Protocol for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. - : SAGE Publications. - 1550-1329 .- 1550-1477. ; , s. art. nbr: 936379-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wireless technologies have been increasingly applied in industrial automation systems due to flexible installation, mobility, and cost reduction. Unlike traditional wireless sensor networks (WSNs), industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs), when expanding from wireless monitoring to wireless control, have more stringent requirements on reliability, real-time performance, and robustness in a number of industrial applications. Successive transmission failures or deadline misses in these applications may severely degrade the control quality and result in serious economic losses and safety problems. Therefore, when deploying IWSNs in harsh industrial environments, to achieve reliable and deterministic end-to-end transmissions is critically important. In this paper, we explain the primary challenges of designing appropriate routing protocols and present a reliable real-time flooding-based routing protocol for IWSNs (REALFLOW). Instead of traditional routing tables, related node lists are generated in a simple distributed manner, serving for packet forwarding. A controlled flooding mechanism is applied to improve both reliability and real-time performance. A seamless transition in the event of topology change can be achieved by REALFLOW. Performance evaluations via simulations verify that significant improvements of reliability, real-time performance, and network recovery time can be achieved by REALFLOW, compared with traditional routing protocols.
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- Yu, ZB, et al.
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Associations of improved air quality with lung function growth from childhood to adulthood: the BAMSE study
- 2023
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In: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 61:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The beneficial effect of improving air quality on lung function development remains understudied. We assessed associations of changes in ambient air pollution levels with lung function growth from childhood until young adulthood in a Swedish cohort study.MethodsIn the prospective birth cohort BAMSE (Children, Allergy, Environment, Stockholm, Epidemiology), spirometry was conducted at the 8-year (2002–2004), 16-year (2011–2013) and 24-year follow-ups (2016–2019). Participants with spirometry data at 8 years and at least one another measurement in subsequent follow-ups were included (1509 participants with 3837 spirometry measurements). Ambient air pollution levels (particulate matter≤2.5 μm [PM2.5], particulate matter≤10 μm [PM10], black carbon [BC] and nitrogen oxides [NOx]) at residential addresses were estimated using dispersion modelling. Linear mixed-effect models were used to estimate associations between air pollution exposure change and lung function development.ResultsOverall, air pollution levels decreased progressively during the study period. For example, the median (interquartile range, IQR) of PM2.5decreased from 8.24 (0.92) μg·m−3during 2002–2004 to 5.21 (0.67) μg·m−3during 2016–2019. At the individual level, for each IQR reduction of PM2.5the lung function growth rate increased by 4.63 ml year−1(95%CI:1.64–7.61, p<0.001) for FEV1and 9.38 ml year−1(95%CI: 4.76–14.00, p<0.001) for FVC. Similar associations were also observed for reductions of BC and NOx. Associations persisted after adjustment for potential confounders, and were not modified by asthma, allergic sensitization, overweight, early-life air pollution exposure or antioxidant dietary intake.ConclusionsLong-term reduction of air pollution is associated with positive lung function development from childhood to young adulthood.
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