| 1. |
- Andersen, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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At your service : the mobilities, rhythms and everyday lives of migrant labour in the gig economy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of ethnic and migration studies. - : Routledge. - 1369-183X .- 1469-9451. ; , s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This introduction presents a framework for the contributions to the special issue At Your Service: The Mobilities, Rhythms and Everyday Lives of Migrant Labour in the Gig Economy. The article begins by providing an overview of the current literature on the gig economy and the growing attention towards its relationship to processes of migration. The introduction continues by outlining and discussing three themes that in different ways shape the contributions in the issue. First, we situate the issue in relation to contemporary and historical migration processes and regimes of mobility. Second, we discuss how the articles in this issue explore the rhythms of gig work in relation to the spatio-temporalities of migration regimes and cities increasingly built on a logic of fulfilment. Finally, we draw attention to the infrastructural role of migrant gig workers in midst of the contemporary social reproductive crisis. This perspective opens new avenues for future research with questions of social reproductive justice at its core.
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| 2. |
- Butler, Olivia, et al.
(författare)
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Antinomies of the gig economy : The annihilation of space by time or the annihilation of time by space?
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Population, Space and Place. - : Wiley. - 1544-8444 .- 1544-8452.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper concerns migrants in Sweden working in various types of on and offline gigwork. It explores how the temporal and spatial flexibility afforded to gig customers ispredicated on temporal and spatial inflexibility for workers. The argument moves discussions beyond relational space by promoting a more fully dialectical view of space that understands it as simultaneously relational, relative, and absolute. Without such a view of space—which understands that space is not always open and fluid but just as often closed and fixed—it is impossible to understand the specific relations of labour that structure gig work, particularly offline gig work in such ways as to provide maximal flexibility for customers. This paper shows that the Marxian adage concerning how, in capitalism, space is annihilated by time, does not always hold. For workers doing cleaning and delivery gig work, the converse is oftentimes truer: time is annihilated by space. Gigworkers—and even more so migrant gig workers crowded in the above‐mentioned industries—experience the annihilation of time by space through the dual mandate that they must be available “just‐in‐time” and “just‐in‐place” to produce the spatiotemporal flexibility upon which the gig companies base their model and their success.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ioannides, Dimitri, Professor of Human Geography, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the geographic dimensions of tourism work and workers
- 2019. - 1
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Ingår i: A Research Agenda for Tourism Geographies. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 978 1 78643 930 7 - 978 1 78643 931 4 ; , s. 89-98
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the neoliberal era we live in, a number of issues crop up, seriously hindering the pursuit of equity/social justice dimensions of sustainable development in numerous communities worldwide. Importantly, in many tourism-related sectors we notice an ever-increasing reliance on outsourced casual/part-time labour, much of it based on zero-hours contracts. Often we hear that workers demand a ‘living wage’, given that government-mandated minimum wage contracts – if they exist – do not reflect the reality of ever-increasing living costs encountered in places affected by tourism. This chaptercalls for a research agenda relating to the geographies of tourism work and workers. Specifically, this agenda draws inspiration fromthe work of Andrew Herod, who argues that workers are the authors of their own everyday geographies under capitalism, as well as the research conducted by Tufts, who specifically examines issues revolving around the geography of hotel workers. The chapter seeks to set an agenda to further strengthen our understanding of the everyday geographies of people who are classified as tourism workers. Issues addressed relate inter alia to the workers’ identity, geographic mobility (or immobility), and workers’coping strategies in negotiatinga highly uneven playing field in the working environment but also in terms of access to resources such as affordable housing. The chapteralso raises questions such as:In what manner do recent developments (e.g., the rise of the shared economy) impact the geography of tourism workers?
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| 5. |
- Ioannides, Dimitri, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Tourism's Labour Geographies : Bringing Tourism into Work and Work into Tourism
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Tourism Geographies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-6688 .- 1470-1340. ; 20:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Geographers have certainly contributed actively to the extant scholarly literature relating to tourism work and workers. Nevertheless, with few notable exceptions, most of this research has been piecemeal and case-based demonstrating unawareness of broader theoretical discussions and debates within the emerging sub-field of labour geography. For this special issue, a total of eight papers have been selected, most of which deal to varying degrees with labour mobilities, a theme that mainstream labour geographers themselves have largely avoided in the past. Additionally, the thorny issue of setting the intellectual boundaries between what constitutes work and leisure in contexts such as volunteer tourism is taken up in some of the discussions. Our aim with this special issue is to encourage the development of closer intellectual connections between labour geography and the study of tourism work and workers and their everyday mobilities.
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| 6. |
- Jordhus-Lier, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Changing workplace geographies : Restructuring warehouse employment in the Oslo region
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we want to discuss changing workplace geographies, and the effects of restructuring, in four selected warehouse workplaces in the Oslo region. The theoretical framework for the analysis is an adapted version of the TPSN framework developed by Jessop et al. (2008), which we argue offer a more precise terminology for capturing socio-spatial change – also at the scale of the workplace. Socio-spatial concepts such as territory, place and network are used as structuring principles to examine how labour hire and labour migration have redrawn workplace geographies in the Norwegian logistics industry. The paper argues that a peripheral temporary agency workforce, many of which are Swedish migrants, are embedded in the workplace through management’s practices of control – but also through forms of social reciprocity. While temporary work agencies represent networks of recruitment which can benefit employers and employees in the short term, the paper problematises how these employers do not offer their employees a sense of workplace themselves, and also how they destabilise established workplace boundaries in their client firms.
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| 7. |
- Jordhus-Lier, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Changing workplace geographies : Restructuring warehouse employment in the Oslo region
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 51:1, s. 69-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article examines changing employment relations in Norwegian warehouses, and conceptualises the increasing use of temporary agency workers as a redrawing of workplace geographies. The empirical basis for the analysis is four qualitative warehouse workplace studies, including focus group and interview data. The theoretical framework of the article combines an adapted version of the territory-place-scale-network (TPSN) framework developed by Bob Jessop, Neil Brenner and Martin Jones with the concepts of labour control and labour agency. The analysis shows how a networked recruitment system based on Swedish labour migrants, mediated via temporary work agencies, encourage workers to work their way through levels of employment insecurity in order to secure permanent employment. The article argues that the blurring and redrawing of legal boundaries through labour hire can be understood as a territorial strategy of control that affects the workplace as a scale of justice for trade unions. Moreover, the analysis shows how managerial control is conditioned by workers’ individual, habitual and collective agency.
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| 8. |
- Persson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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No (wo)man is an island : socio-cultural context and women’s empowerment in Samoa
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Gender, Place and Culture. - 0966-369X .- 1360-0524. ; 29:4, s. 482-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper revolves around women tourism entrepreneurs in the Pacific island nation of Samoa where an ancient way of living (fa’a Samoa) co-exists with colonial heritage and a growing tourism industry. By adopting a perspective sensitive to socio-cultural specificities, we examine the ways that the socio-cultural context both enables and impedes the empowerment of women managing tourism accommodations. In this venture, we draw on an ethnographic field study in the rural island of Savai’i, including semistructured interviews as well as informal conversations with locals, observations and the participation in everyday practices. We pinpoint and discuss the main sources of power and power-relations that women entrepreneurs need to command in order to run their businesses. Finally, we conclude that no (wo)man is an island, as we are all part of, and depend on, intrinsic social structures for our welfare.
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| 9. |
- Wall-Reinius, Sandra, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Does Geography Matter in All-Inclusive Resort Tourism? : Marketing approaches of Scandinavian tour operators
- 2019
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Ingår i: Tourism Geographies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-6688 .- 1470-1340. ; 21:5, s. 766-784
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last decade, there has been noticeable rise in popularity of all-inclusive holidays. This growth has coincided with the propensity in many destinations to develop tourism enclaves, which can either be purpose-built gated resorts physically isolated from their surrounding community or appear in the form of cruises, which have emerged as a particularly popular form of travel. In this explorative paper, we focus on the marketing of all-inclusive holidays, specifically those occurring in enclaves (including cruise-ships). We investigate to what extent the geographic location of the tourist enclave is an important consideration for the travel industry. In other words, when it comes to all-inclusive holiday products, do the place-based attributes on offer at the destination and the actual location of the holiday matter from the perspective of those who are creating and selling the travel packet? An explorative study of Scandinavian tour operators shows that the local settingof the holiday is in fact a secondary consideration compared to the services and facilities on offer. Thus, there is an overriding tendency to downplay the destination’s place-based attributes and it does not seem so important where the all-inclusive resort is located as long as it is well connected to the market and promises a comfortable holiday to the consumer. Tourism enclaves in the context of placelessness are discussed.
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| 10. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Architectures and Infrastructures of Fulfillment. : Roundtable organized by Don Mitchell.
- 2024
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We propose ane or more paper sessions and a panel focused on the architectures and infrastructures of fulfillment in contemporary cities. As platform-mediated gig work has grown in importance, new architectures (e.g. ghost kitchens and dark stores) and infrastructures (e.g. Uber waiting areas; public spaces re-fashioned to accommodate delivery workers) are transforming the city. At the same time, gig workers themselves perform central infrastructural roles of social reproduction in urban spaces. These sessions will explore the forces behind these new architectures and infrastructures, and what they mean for consumers, workers, and the reproduction of urban life. We invite papers on the political economy, labor geographies, gendered and racialized processes, planning, logistics, and migration dynamics of this evolving urban transition, among other issues. We are interested in exploring the question of what it means when urban space is increasingly dedicated to the processes of fulfillment, especially when that fulfillment leads to ghostly spaces in what might otherwise be lively cities. A panel discussion will follow the paper session(s) and both build on ideas that arise from those sessions and present the tindings of a soon-to-be-published special issue on the mobilities and rhythms of migrant gig labor in the fulfillment city.
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| 11. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Den attraktiva staden som arbetsmiljö ur ett kulturgeografiskt perspektiv
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I spåren av (de västerländska) städernas avindustrialisering sker en omvandling där slakthusområden och hamnar, lokstallar och industrilokaler ersätts av, eller omstöps till, arenabyggen och kongresshallar, designhotell och konsthallar, gallerior och shoppingcentra. Den industriella staden blir till en stad för upplevelser avsedd att attrahera den ”kreativa klassen”. Men denna stad tarvar också - då som nu - sina arbetare: Hotellstäderskor, receptionister, butiksbiträden, konferensvärdinnor, servitriser, kockar och diskare – alla som bidrar till att reproducera såväl staden som besökaren och den kreativa klassen. Med servicearbetet följer också vissa krav och förväntningar: Att framstå som attraktiv, charmig, vänlig och välkomnande sträcker sig ända in i märgen på de anställda, särskilt för dem som möter kund. Syftet med den här texten är att bidra till ett kulturgeografiskt perspektiv på begreppet ”arbetsmiljö”, och för att göra det använder jag mig av exemplet det excellenta hotellet i den attraktiva staden. Diskussionen tar utgångspunkt i idén att arbetsmiljön (i vid bemärkelse) är formad av kapitalets cirkulation, en process som kan avläsas i såväl stadsomvandling, på den enskilda arbetsplatsen och i omdaningen av den arbetande människan. Det är också genom denna process som olika geografiska skalnivåer länkas samman. I syfte att attrahera kapital genomgår staden själv, men även arbetaren på hotellarbetsplatsen, en akt av (själv)disciplinering för att verka/vara tilldragande, trygg, ren och underhållande.
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| 12. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Den attraktiva staden som arbetsmiljö ur ett kulturgeografiskt perspektiv
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Sprickor, öppningar & krackeleringar. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet, Forum for Gender Studies. - 9789188025425 ; , s. 69-83
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I den här texten diskuterar jag arbetsmiljön (i vid bemärkelse) som formad av kapitalets cirkulation (Harvey 1985), en process som kan avläsas i såväl stadsomvandling, på den enskilda arbetsplatsen och i omdaningen av den arbetande människan. Städernas reaktion på avindustrialiseringen och den ekonomiska omstruktureringen har sedan ett par decennier tillbaka bestått i en sorts ”kapprustning” för att framstå som attraktiva för kapitalet, vilken form detta än tar; investeringar, turister, eller inflyttare av rätta sorten (Harvey 1990; Peck 2005; Leslie & Catungal 2012). I den attraktiva staden sker en omvandling där slakthusområden och hamnar, lokstallar och industrilokaler ersätts av eller omstöps till arenabyggen och kongresshallar, designhotell och konsthallar, gallerior och shoppingcentra. Men denna stad tarvar också - då som nu - sina arbetare: Hotellstäderskor, receptionister, butiksbiträden, konferensvärdinnor, servitriser, kockar och diskare – alla som bidrar till att reproducera såväl staden som besökaren och ”den kreativa klassen” (Florida 2004). Med servicearbetet följer också vissa krav och förväntningar: Att framstå som attraktiv, charmig, vänlig och välkomnande sträcker sig ända in i märgen på de anställda. Särskilt gäller detta för dem som möter kund. I den attraktiva staden sker därmed en självdisciplinering omfattande staden själv – tilldragande, trygg, ren och underhållande – och där hotellet blir ett symbolbärande ting på samma sätt som den arbetande människan förväntas personifiera produkten. Men vad sker då med människan? Vad sker med människan vars hela person flyttas ut på arbetets marknad – finns det kanske till och med en risk att personen produktifieras?
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| 13. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Elbilar, hållbarhet och planering - en genomlysning av norska och svenska rapporter och examensarbeten
- 2015
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report concerns the electric car and charging infrastructure. It provides an overview of the debates presented in selected Swedish and Norwegian reports, as well as bachelor and master theses. The main purpose is to explore what are the challenges to the adoption of electric cars and charging infrastructure, but also to examine what possibilities exist to promote adoption. Another purpose is to investigate which tools (governmental practices, incentives and planning tools) are emphasized in the creation of sustainable mobility and sustainable cities. Norway is commonly considered to be one of the leading nations concerning the adoption of electric cars, while Swedish attempts to increase the use of electric cars are sometimes believed to be too moderate. The readings indicate that Norwegian policies have been, and still are, strongly aimed at diffusing the electric car within the Norwegian society by using incentives such as exemptions from Value Added Tax (VAT) and registration tax at the national level, and by allowing access to bus lanes, cheaper ferry fares and exemption from toll road charges at the local level. The main purpose behind this effort is to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, but perhaps more importantly to spur the development of industries in connection to electric vehicles (EVs). Sweden, as compared to Norway, has taken a somewhat different approach. There is no national, coherent plan for the diffusion of the electric car. Instead Sweden is to a high degree relying on municipal planning to try out various technical and management measures, with the aim to create sustainable cities. The Swedish conservative government has also been criticized by the Swedish National Audit Office (Riksrevisionen) among others for being too vague when it comes to the governing of infrastructure and transport in relation to environmental agreements and objectives. Despite these differences between Sweden and Norway, the readings show a high degree of consistency regarding challenges and opportunities in the nexus of adoption of electric cars-sustainable development: Limited range, lack of trust and inadequate knowledge are still considered to be major obstacles to the adoption of electric cars. Innovation and improvements of batteries are among the “hard” measures to ensure diffusion and adoption, while municipal and state mobility management, also including effective policies and incentives, are held to be among the most important “soft” tools for fostering sustainable mobility.Apart from providing the abovementioned overview, this report also offers a theoretical discussion in order to contextualize the electric car and charging infrastructure. The discussion stretches from diffusion of innovation theory, to urban governmental and planning practices onto the importance of mobility and/or accessibility for social justice and inclusion.
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| 14. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Emotional and aesthetic labour in hospitality
- 2013
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Ingår i: Mobilizing gender research. - : Mittuniversitetet. - 9789187557064 ; , s. 123-129
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Hospitality workers and the relational spaces of labor (im)mobility
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Tourism Geographies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-6688 .- 1470-1340. ; 20:1, s. 49-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building on the recent interest among labor geographers for workers’ ability to strategize around their mobility, and tourism researchers’ longstanding examination of mobile tourism workers, this paper explores the mobility agency of differently positioned hospitality workers. The findings suggest that workers are not always ‘strategic’ in relation to labor mobility, and that labor mobility and career paths must be recognized as fragmented, happenstance and erratic. Furthermore, this article argues for an approach to the study of mobile tourism workers that takes the relational as well as temporal aspects into account. This endeavor is in particular guided by the notion of stories-so-far and the understanding of people as both being and becoming. The empirical basis of this paper consists of 22 interviews with hospitality workers in four hotel workplaces in Sweden; the luxury city hotel, the suburban chain hotel, the city chain hotel and the seasonal hotel. Ultimately, I suggest that the multifaceted complex of considerations which workers negotiate, could be conceptualized as the relational spaces of labor (im)mobility.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Labor mobility in tourism and hospitality : effects on firms´capacity to innovate
- 2012
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Ingår i: AAG Annual Meeting: New York 2012.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to various theories of economic geography, agglomeration economies drive innovation and the dynamic benefits of clustering facilitate learning and innovation. Additionally, many observers claim that labor mobility is a key factor when it comes to the diffusion of ideas and knowledge. In this paper we try to explore whether these theories also apply to firms in the service industry, notably tourism and hospitality. The majority of jobs in tourism and hospitality are poorly paid, highly feminized, semi-skilled or unskilled and temporary. Tourism and hospitality is also notorious for its high staff turnover. In this paper we try to identify under what circumstances labor mobility might benefit or pose a problem to firms´ capacity to innovate and meet the demand for service quality. The discussion is based on interviews with directors and human resource managers in firms located in Åre (a mountain resort in the north of Sweden) and Stockholm (capital of Sweden). Apart from being located in regions with very different conditions concerning population, labor market mobility, seasonality, and so on, the selected firms represent different sub-sectors (hotel, restaurant, tourism supplier) and also vary in terms, for example, of their size and organization. The paper concludes with a discussion on labor mobility in connection to, on the one hand, knowledge diffusion and, on the other hand, knowledge-accumulation.
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| 19. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Labour geographies of young Swedish workers : negotiating mobility and spatial fix in everyday life
- 2013
-
Ingår i: RGS-IBG Annual International Conference 2013.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whereas in the past, many workers looked forward to a lifetime of loyal service to one single employer, new generations of workers face a labour market where secure jobs are becoming increasingly scarce and career paths less obvious (Roberts, 2009; MacDonald, 2011; Williams et al, 2012). This paper discusses what strategies young workers of various backgrounds apply in order to navigate in the Swedish labour market and in order to make a living, through an account and analysis of young workers bio-geographies (Castree, 2007). It is suggested that because of repeated break-ups from work-places and at times even repeated migration, the (relative) spatial fixity of workers is delayed. Spatial fix has been, and still is, an important feature of peoples´ everyday life, influencing for instance the possibility of having a permanent home, to start a family, and to hold a sense of belonging, a sense of place (Tuan, 1996). In order to contribute to new knowledge regarding emerging and highly complex labour geographies, concepts such as translocal, translocal place (Adey, 2010) and socio-spatial labour mobility (Zampoukos & Ioannides, 2011) could be used to further analyse the intersections between space, work and worker agency in a changing labour market.
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| 20. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Labour (im)mobility and the accumulation of knowledge in hotel companies
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper deals with labour mobility among hotel staff and how it affects the accumulation of knowledge and, by extension, how it impacts on the quality of service in hotel companies. The empirical basis is made up of case-studies of three hotel companies located in different geographical settings; a small seasonal hotel located in the county of Jämtland, mainly attracting Swedish ski tourists; a luxury hotel in Stockholm catering to business travelers and celebrities from all over the world; and an international chain hotel situated in a Stockholm suburb, serving a relatively diverse crowd. The aim of the paper is twofold: i) to critically examine the construction of knowledge in the tourism and hospitality literature on labour mobility and knowledge transfer, and ii) to demonstrate in what ways labour (im)mobility affects the accumulation of knowledge and service quality in the case-study hotels.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile with an agency : Negotiating the spatiotemporalities of the temp migrant worker
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Geoforum. - : Elsevier. - 0016-7185 .- 1872-9398. ; 93, s. 40-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several calls have been made by labour geographers in support for a more thorough investigation and theorization of labour as an active agent in the production of economic geographies. The present paper responds to this challenge by examining how Swedish agency warehouse workers and temp nurses working in Norway act and think in relation to mobility and how certain spatiotemporalities come into play in the mobility agency of individual workers. Though we are particularly concerned with the ambiguities involved in the relationship between mobility, agency and power, a second objective is to contribute to the theorization of how space and time matters to mobile workers. Drawing on data from twenty interviews with Swedish temp nurses and six focus group interviews with Swedish agency warehouse workers, and by combining several strands of literature ranging from current research on mobilities and migration to the work of classical scholars in geography and sociology, we propose that a ‘trialectics of spatiotemporalities’ is part and parcel of workers’ mobility agency. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the purposive agency as emphasized for instance by the notion of ‘mobility strategy’ needs to be complemented by a conceptualization of agency that includes what we term (erratic) probing. We conclude that labour mobility may be strategic and a sign of power, but not always and everywhere, and not in any pure sense.
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| 23. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Precarious jobs, precarious people in times of a pandemic : The impact on tourism workers and spaces of work
- 2022
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Ingår i: Handbook of Tourism Impacts. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781800377684 - 9781800377677 ; , s. 183-196
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter discusses concepts such as ‘border’ and ‘territoriality’ in connection to (working) bodies, to explore the ways that a ‘pandemic body politics’ impacts on tourism workers and work spaces. Because of the exposure to the virus in high touch service sectors, and because of the loss of jobs and incomes, tourism and hospitality workers are affected by the pandemic in very direct ways. In that respect, bodies are not bordered entities, but permeable to both Covid-19 and the social and economic repercussions that follow. The pandemic has made it abundantly clear that social and worker protection is either missing or is insufficient, and insecure forms of employment will perpetually produce precarious bodies in this industry. In light of the above, I suggest a conceptualization of the working body as an open, permeable space in the making, and as an autonomous, unassailable space protected by law and international conventions.
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| 24. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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(Re)producing the city: Migrant service workers and the (algo)rhythms of the globalized, digitized and “gigified” urban economy.
- 2022
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Ingår i: ILPC 2022 Book of Abstracts. ; , s. 269-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper takes Henri Lefebvre’s rhythmanalysis (1999) as its starting point to discuss how the rhythms of the globalized, digitized and all the more ”gigified” city impact on and become manifest in and through the bodies of service workers, and the ways that this largely migrant workforce reproduce the city, while concurrently struggling to subsist. For this task, we will draw on in-depth interviews with gig workers performing app-mediated service work, mainly within deliveries and domestic services.While the couriers has become an indispensable and highly visible part of the city infrastructure, other categories of workers (e.g. cleaners, baby-sitters and care workers) perform their work in the private spaces of other people’s home. Nevertheless, they are all essential to the (re)production of the city and, concurrently, they are all subject to, as well as sustaining, the ebb and flows of the city’s everyday rhythms. Even so, they may not enjoy the same opportunities to reproduce themselves, because the amount, distribution and intensity of work as well as the size and regularity of income, is difficult to predict. In this paper we will argue that everyday rhythms of the city, such as peak traffic and peaks in demand of certain services, are interlinked with and reinforced by the algorhythms of the apps, dictating the intensity, scheduling and hours of work. There is however an apparent risk of arrhythmia (Lefebvre, 1999; Reid-Musson, 2018) with gig workers sometimes suffering physically violent outcomes (e.g. traffic accidents), and at other instances experiencing being deprived of the right to a full and decent (working) life. The main contribution with the present paper rests in thinking the (algo)rhythms of the city and the migrant service workforce together.
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| 25. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish temp nurses and agency warehouse workers in Norway : Negotiating and strategizing the spatiotemporalities of the migrant worker
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we seek to contribute to the theorization of migrant workers’ ability to strategize around their mobility by exploring the labour mobilities of Swedish agency warehouse workers and temp nurses working in Norway. Nurses and warehouse workers obviously differ in terms of for instance skills and market power, and these differences clearly impact on their mobility strategies. However, our findings also point to the plasticity of workers’ mobility strategies, with workers who make up their pathways as they go and/or as circumstances change. In this paper, therefore, we argue that the intentional, purposive agency as emphasized by the notion of ‘strategy’ (as in ‘mobility strategy’) needs to be complemented by a conceptualization of agency that includes (erratic) probing. Mobility strategies evolve as workers negotiate the spatiotemporalities typically involved in the existence of the migrant worker, i. e. the lives and places that they have (temporarily) left behind, the present situation as temps/agency workers in the host country, and the future that lies ahead. Following from this, we argue that workers mobility agency is imbued as well as informed by the spatiotemporalities of the ‘past-space’, the ‘now-space’ and the ‘may-be space’.
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| 26. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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The hospitable body at work—A research agenda
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : Wiley. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 28:5, s. 1726-1740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper critically examines the hospitable body and how it is put to work, how certain bodies are selected and become associated with certain occupations and spaces of work, and how the hospitable body is produced, transformed, and commodified in accordance with prevailing modes of production. Drawing on examples primarily obtained from the Nordic countries, I review current research on hospitality workers, while also manifesting how employers portray and, at times, exploit the hospitable body. This is followed by a presentation of a research agenda for the continued study of the hospitable body at work, addressing the need for in-depth, context-sensitive studies on worker strategies to counteract harassment. I conclude by suggesting that the working body can be theorized as concurrently being relational and “in the making,” and as a bounded territory in need of protection against the hazards of flexible work regimes, stress, harassment, and precariousness.
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| 27. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Thinking through Intersectionality at Work : A Feminist-and-Labour Geographer's Approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: Working Life and Gender Inequality. - New York : Routledge. - 9780429356629 - 9780367747466 ; , s. 272-290
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter takes Virginia Woolf’s novel “Orlando” as its point of departure. Orlando lives through centuries and spaces, from the reign of Elisabeth I to the reign of King Charles II in England, and as the story ends, finds her-himself caught up in the 19th century. As such, Orlando quite aptly illustrates the idea of identities as complex, and as historically variable and spatially contingent. Like with Orlando, workers’ identities are at once particular, complex and fluid. In spite of this, labour is assiduously compartmentalized, differentiated and remunerated along the axes of age, skin-colour, gender, nationality and skills, and workers become associated with (and disassociated from) certain occupations, work-tasks and spaces of work through a series of stereotyping practices. This chapter provides a review of leading feminist and labour geographers’ writings on intersectionality, in order to think through how space and time matter. Furthermore, it discusses the possibility that intersectional analysis is imbued with cartographic reason, and subsequently that it may fall short in portraying the multi-dimensional, evolving Self. Finally, it proposes an understanding of people as both being and becoming, as relational stories-so-far and as progressive biographies in evolving time-space.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Tourism and Hospitality Workers. : The Internationalization of Reproductive Work?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Innovation Processes and Destination Development in Tourist Resorts, Östersund 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The world is moving, and so are we. People with a western life-style travel frequently and over longer distances, hence tourism is becoming increasingly international. At the same time international migration also increases, especially from the South to the North. This paper puts focus on the socio-spatial labor mobility in (and out of) tourism and hospitality. Tourism and hospitality are widely thought to be highly feminized sectors. Jobs are considered low paid, temporary and/or part-time, low skilled and with few career opportunities. What is more, staff turnover is high. However, tourism and hospitality is sometimes claimed to be gateways for immigrants and young people to enter the labor market. Moreover, in deindustrializing and in sparsely populated, rural regions, expectations of tourism and hospitality as remedies to rising unemployment are high. This paper suggests a study of labor and the socio-spatial labor mobility in tourism and hospitality from an intersectional perspective (gender, race, class) and in two different geographical settings: the urban and the rural. What patterns of socio-spatial labour (im)mobility can be discovered? What patterns of division of labor in each context (urban/rural)? This paper also suggests that work performed by front-end workers in tourism and hospitality could be labeled “reproductive”. Internationalization is taking place since labour travel across state borders to be reproduced, or in many cases, to perform reproductive work.
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| 30. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Tourism and Hospitality workers : the Internationalization of Reproductive Labor
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Jobs in tourism are important for many localities large and small, and in many contexts they provide one of the very few employment opportunities. Nevertheless, considerable criticism exists concerning tourism-dependent jobs. Observers argue that these jobs are poorly paid, semi-skilled or unskilled, temporary, highly feminized and with limited career opportunities. Low salaries and poor benefits (combined with long hours and little appreciation) ensure that a large army of tourism workers have minimal incentives to stay on in their present job. Tourism workers might, depending on the spatial but also their individual socio-economic context, either "stay where they are" or choose to exit. This paper (the first of two papers in the session) will be based on a literature review aiming to give an overview of what we understand about the people working in this sector in general, and more specifically what we know and do not know about tourism workers in Sweden (in terms of age, sex, ethnicity, education, previous occupations, geographical and sectoral mobility etc). A presentation of a lifecycle perspective of Sweden's tourism workers will be offered.
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| 31. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Vem har tid för social reproduktion? Om den giggande arbetskraften och städernas ”algorytmik”.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Välfärd – för vem? Om arbetsvillkor inom omsorg och gig. ; , s. 18-18
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Min presentation kommer att ta utgångspunkt i tre tankespår som jag för närvarande undersöker och försöker foga samman: a) Den giggande (migrant)arbetskraften som infrastruktur, b) städernas och det samtida samhällets ”algorytmik”, samt c) rätten (och möjligheterna) till social reproduktion. Jag bygger mitt resonemang med stöd i litteraturen och på analyser av djupintervjuer med gig-arbetare. De som utför tjänster såsom städning och budande av mat idag utgör ett ”naturligt” inslag och en självklar infrastruktur i framförallt större och medelstora städer. Cykelbuden transporterar mat och varor genom staden ”on demand”, men dessa leveranser sker också enligt en (algo)rytm som varierar över dygnet, veckan och året. Städerskorna utgör en mer ”dold” infrastruktur eftersom städningen sker i privata hem. Likväl följer behovet av städning en vardaglig, återkommande rytm. Genom sitt arbete bidrar dessa gig-arbetare till att reproducera staden och dess invånare, samtidigt som arbetsvillkoren är sådana att de hindras från att reproducera sig själva. De frigör tid åt andra, men lever själva under konstant tidspress och blir i många fall också berövade tid. Att vissa kan spara tid medan andra blir bestulna på tid, att somliga får sina behov och önskemål tillfredsställda omedelbart, medan andra tvingas vänta är exempel på den typ av ojämlikheter som tycks bestå, och som även präglar det samtida, ”algorytmiska” samhället. ReferenserHarvey, D. (1989). The Urban Experience. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.Lefebvre, H. (1999) Writings on cities. Translated and edited by Kofman, E., & Lebas, E.Oxford: Blackwell.Lewis, J. D., & Weigert, A. J. (1981). The structures and meanings of social time.Social forces, 60(2), 432-462.Strauss, K. (2020). Labour geography III: Precarity, racial capitalisms and infrastructure.Progress in Human Geography, 44(6), 1212–1224.Van Doorn, N. (2017). Platform labor: on the gendered and racialized exploitation of lowincome service work in the ‘on-demand’economy. Information, Communication &Society, 20(6), 898-914.Wells, K. J., Attoh, K., & Cullen, D. (2021). “Just-in-Place” labor: Driver organizing in theUber workplace. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 53(2), 315-331.
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| 32. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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We don’t wear uniforms but private clothing, to enhance the fact that we too are human beings : Strategies to counteract, avoid and cope with harassment and threats of violence in the hospitality workplace
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Existing research suggests that sexual harassment, threats and violence are perceived as normal features and as ‘part of the job’ by hospitality workers (Guerrier & Adib, 2000; Poulston, 2008). Several studies indicate that strategies and interventions for the purpose of preventing harassment and violence and threats of violence in hospitality are either completely lacking or are underdeveloped. Customer harassment in particular is much less likely to be covered by policies, than is co-worker or supervisor harassment (Folgerø & Fjeldstad, 1995; Yagil, 2008; Ram, 2015; Kensbock et al, 2015). In response to sexual and racist harassment, workers develop various coping strategies stretching from avoiding certain customers, developing a ’thick skin’, telling customers off, or laughing off an incident and so forth (Guerrier & Adib, 2000; Yagil, 2008; Kensbock et al, 2015). Thus, developing competencies in how to respond to harassment without giving offense become part of what Kensbock et al (2015: 43-44) have referred to as ‘sophisticated social intelligence’ and ‘key job-related skills’. In this paper, we will explore and analyze some of the strategies deployed by management and workers, individually and collectively, in order to cope, prevent, and counteract harassment and threats of violence in the hospitality workplace. A secondary purpose is to examine some of the conflicting aims and contradictions that exist in the hospitality workplace, which may constitute barriers to effective, preventive action. Preliminary findings indicate that there is a broad range of preventive measures that employers and managers deploy, stretching from the arrangement of the physical environment to team-building activities and onto efforts aimed at creating a common value-system. Workers, on their part, strategize collectively for instance by close communication with each other regarding “difficult” customers. Furthermore, individual workers use their bodily resources (voice, physical appearance) and clothing, to cope with and to counteract harassment and threatening situations. Among the conflicting aims and contradictions we find the serving of alcohol, which is crucial to the industry in terms of income, and the sometimes imperfect observation of the Swedish Alcohol Act, as well as the (gendered) expectations on frontline staff to act friendly and to be accommodating whilst avoiding sexual invitations from guests.
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| 33. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Who's got time for social reproduction? : Migrant service workers as embodied infrastructures of the algorhythmic city
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of ethnic and migration studies. - : Routledge. - 1369-183X .- 1469-9451. ; , s. 1-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article, working within the ‘infrastructural turn’, combines social reproduction and Lefebvrian rhythm analysis to examine the everyday labour and life of migrant cleaners and delivery service gig workers in Stockholm. Using in-depth interviews, we demonstrate how this highly mobile and flexible workforce makes the city ‘tick’ by keeping its inhabitants clean, fed, healthy and cared for. Specifically, we highlight a contradiction: workers extricating free time for others through reproductive labour, are themselves systematically deprived of the (paid and unpaid) time necessary to meet their own reproductive needs. The conditions of work in the urban on-demand and just-in-time service economy, we show, produce spatiotemporal (dis)orders of living and labouring in the algorhythmic city, as workers are required to be both on standby, waiting, whilst also fulfilling customer orders at an ever-increasing speed. Migrant gig workers who appear on the doorstep, on demand and just in time, form a kind of human infrastructure, serving the urban population whilst nonetheless being subject to disinvestment – unrepaired and unmaintained. This article, then, contributes to the literature on gig work, migration and social reproduction, by theorizing the algorhythmic city as reliant on the constant transformation of gig labour into an urban infrastructure for social reproduction.
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| 34. |
- Zampoukos, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Young workers´ biogeographies : an account and tentative analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Forum för Arbetslivsforskning (FALF) 2013.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whereas in the past, many workers looked forward to a lifetime of loyal service to one single employer, new generations of workers face a labour market where secure jobs are becoming increasingly scarce and career paths less obvious (Roberts, 2009; MacDonald, 2011; Williams et al, 2012). Being a labour geographer it is my contention that the scope of action in the labour market is depending on the simultaneous intersection of who you are (identities such as sex, race, class, age, previous working experience and so on), where you are (geographical setting, sector of economy, firm) and what you aspire to become (dreams for the future, hopes and desires). The aim of this paper is therefore to discuss how the changes in working life are negotiated by representatives of a new generation of workers, aged 25-30: What strategies do young workers of various backgrounds apply in order to navigate in the current labour market and in order to “make a living”? How do they perceive their possibilities to advance?This is done through an account and analysis of young workers bio-geographies (Castree, 2007). It is suggested that because of a labour mobility that includes repeated break-ups from work-places and at times even repeated migration, the (relative) spatial fixity of workers is delayed. Spatial fix has been, and still is, an important feature of peoples´ everyday life, influencing for instance the possibility of having a permanent home, to start a family, and to hold a sense of belonging, a sense of place (Tuan, 1996). In order to contribute to new knowledge regarding emerging and highly complex labour geographies, labour geographers might adopt concepts such as translocal, translocal place (Adey, 2010) and socio-spatial labour mobility (Zampoukos & Ioannides, 2011) by which the intersections between space, work and worker agency in a changing labour market can be further analysed.
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| 35. |
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