| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Álvarez de Andrés, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Networked Social Movements and the Politics of Mortgage: From the Right to Housing to the Assault on Institutions
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Lessons from the Great Recession: At the Crossroads of Sustainability and Recovery (Advances in Sustainability and Environmental Justice, Volume 18). - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2051-5030. ; , s. 231-249
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In the aftermath of the Great Recession, over 500,000 families have been evicted from their homes since Spain’s property market crashed in 2008. The response of Spanish local communities has been the emergence of a networked social movement, Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH), endeavouring to build a more sustainable future through upholding the right to housing. This chapter examines the ability of the PAH social movement to uphold the right to housing and prompt social and institutional change in Spain. Methodology/approach: This is a single-case study of the PAH social movement in Spain. The data are of three types: texts, photos, and films disseminated via the mass media, social networks, and PAH websites; informal conversations with PAH participants from Barcelona and Madrid; and observations and personal interviews held in two local PAH groups, that is, Móstoles and Elche. Findings: In this chapter, first we explore the birth of PAH and its later spread from Barcelona to hundreds of cities in Spain and beyond, as a social reaction to the economic recession and decisions made by political, administrative, and financial institutions in response to the economic crisis. Then, by analysing the internal dynamics of two PAH groups, we discuss how networked social movements such as PAH can create spaces of citizenship that challenge taken-for-granted principles of capitalism, prompting social change. Finally, we uncover how, due to PAH’s advocacy work addressing a structural lack of emergency and social housing, the Spanish public administration is developing new roles and allocating new resources to guarantee the right to housing, a social policy area historically neglected in Spain. Practical implications: New social housing offices are being established in municipalities in Spain as a result of PAH’s advocacy work. Originality/value: The strengthening of social capital and movements in the aftermath of the economic crisis has the ability to prompt investment in social areas such as housing.
|
|
| 3. |
- Álvarez de Andrés, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Stop the evictions! The diffusion of networked social movements and the emergence of a new hybrid public space. The case of the Spanish Mortgage Victims Group
- 2013
-
Ingår i: 14th N-AERUS Conference 2013, Enschede, The Netherlands September 12-14 URBAN FUTURES. Multiple visions, paths and constructions?.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than 350,000 families have been evicted from their homes since Spain's property market crashed in 2008. The response of the Spanish civil society has been the emergence of a large social-network movement - the Spanish Mortgage Victims Group social movement - to stop the evictions, and to change the legislation. This paper examines how urban social movements cope with socio-economic crisis, based on the case of Spanish Mortgage Victims Group. It focuses on the genesis, dissemination and stabilisation of the social movement: how the idea, the organisational structure, procedures and practices to protest against evictions originally born in Barcelona have been successfully disseminated to other cities. The analysis is informed by texts, photos and films produced by the national and international media, social networks, and the SMVG’s website. Complementary interviews are also conducted with representatives of the SMVG. The paper adopts a new institutional theories perspective within organization studies. Firstly, by using the travel metaphor to understand how the idea, structure, practices and tactics of the movement travelled to other cities. Secondly, by exploring new institutional theories applied to the understanding of how social movements are not only born as a result of institutional arrangements, but can occasionally intervene in their reform and lead to significant social changes.
|
|
| 4. |
- Andrés, Eva Àlvarez de, et al.
(författare)
-
Stop the evictions! The diffusion of networked social movements and the emergence of a hybrid space: The case of the Spanish Mortgage Victims Group
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Habitat International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-3975. ; 46:April, s. 252-259
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over 350,000 families have been evicted from their homes since Spain's property market crashed in 2008. The response of Spanish civil society has been the emergence of a networked social movement, Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH; the Spanish Mortgage Victims Group), to stop the evictions and change applicable legislation. This paper uses social movement theory and the travel of ideas metaphor from organization theory to understand how the PAH movement and its practices and tactics, originally born in Barcelona in 2009, have successfully spread to over 160 cities and stopped over 1135 evictions throughout the country. We argue that the ability of networked social movements to quickly replicate has fuelled their power to resist, protest, and induce change. We contend that the fast growth of networked social movements in Global North and South cities, is fuelled by its ability to create a hybrid space between communication networks and occupied urban space in which face-to-face assemblies and protests take place.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Chies, Bruno, et al.
(författare)
-
Ideella krafter måste vara en del av staden – inte bara i broschyrer
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DebattDet är dags att Göteborg bestämmer sig. Vill staden vara i bak- eller framkant vad gäller hållbarhet inte bara på papper utan också i handling? Låt oss skapa ett framgångsrikt exempel på hur ideellt föreningsliv också kan ha rum i centrala delar av staden, som Masthuggskajen, skriver bland annat Bruno Chies, Solidariskt Kylskåp och Carl Thorshag, Cykelköket Göteborg.
|
|
| 9. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Acting on distances: A topology of accounting inscriptions
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Accounting, Organizations and Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 0361-3682 .- 1873-6289. ; 67:May, s. 56-65
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following on the reiterated claim that accounting inscriptions make action at a distance possible, we draw on post-mathematical topology to explain that this distance work is dependent on inscriptions acting on distances. By adopting a relational understanding of space, we show that accounting inscriptions by themselves create the distances across which they operate. Our case study uses pay-as-youthrow solid waste-collection invoices in a new waste-collection program aimed at increasing the sustainability of waste management. By displaying weight and cost side by side, these invoices conduct topological operations that dissolve, create, and redefine the distance between people and their waste, between the economy and the environment, and between the city and its residents. The ability of these operations to mobilize a sense of environmental responsibility, enroll residents in the city's plans for sustainability, and translate political ambitions into individual behavior demonstrates that the performativity of accounting inscriptions resides in the efficacy of their distance work.v
|
|
| 10. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Avfallsförebyggande handlar om effektiv produktion och genomtänkt konsumtion – inte om avfall. Sju lärdomar från forskningsprojektet från avfallshantering till avfallsförebyggande
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport sammanfattar de viktigaste lärdomarna från forskningsprojektet ”Från avfallshantering till avfallsförebyggande”. I forskningsprojektet har forskare från Lunds universitet och Göteborgs universitet, men också Umeå Universitet och Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, studerat avfallsförebyggande. Syftet med projektet har varit att identifiera och förklara svårigheterna med att förverkliga de avfallsförebyggandepolitiska målen. Forskarna har närmat sig projektets syfte genom innehållsanalys av avfallsplaner, kvantitativa och kvalitativa studier av avfallsförebyggande- initiativ, teoretisk kritik av stadsplanering, och kartläggning av hinder för avfallsförebyggande. Projektet har bedrivits i tät samverkan med kommuner, kommunala avfallsbolag, myndigheter, sociala rörelser och företag. Det har finansierats av forskningsrådet Formas (Dnr 259-2013-210). För den som vill veta mer finns källor refererade löpande i texten och redovisat i referenslistan i slutet av rapporten. Det går även bra att kontakta respektive forskare. Under Interna referenser redovisas de vetenskapliga artiklar, konferensbidrag, seminarier, uppsatser, reportage, debattartiklar, och nya forskningsprojekt som forskningsprojektet har lett till. På projektets webbplats www.ism.lu.se/mtp redogörs i detalj för projektet, till exempel de workshopar som har organiserats inom projektets ram.
|
|
| 11. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Extending the realm of accounting inscriptions: Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) solid waste collection invoicing and the moral enrolment of residents in environmental governance
- 2013
-
Ingår i: AOS conference on “Performing business and social innovation through accounting inscriptions”, Galway, Ireland, 22–24 September 2013.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Accounting inscriptions are not aimed at organizational members only. Their use encompasses also organizations’ clients and customers. A case study of a Pay-As- You-Throw (PAYT) solid waste collection program shows how detailed invoices aim at softly enrolling residents in organizational aims and plans for sustainability. This enrolment, which has moral and practical dimensions, illustrates how accounting inscriptions are small but significant building stones in the practice of environmental governance.
|
|
| 12. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
-
Infrastructures, lock-in, and sustainable urban development: the case of waste incineration in the Goteborg Metropolitan Area
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 50:1, s. 32-39
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explains how infrastructures with a sustainability record may evolve over time into a lock-in that slows the emergence of more sustainable urban infrastructures. A study of waste incineration in the Goteborg Metropolitan Area, Sweden, serves as an illustrative case. Taking leads from Unruh (2000, 2002), four rationales of lock-in are identified in the case: institutional, technical, cultural, and material. The article describes how these rationales, one by one and in collaboration, lock-in waste handling in the Goteborg Metropolitan Area to incineration. The article also suggests that these four rationales could serve as a program to unlock urban infrastructures. Asking the question "Are we in a lock-in?" is featured as a practical starting point for planning changes in urban infrastructure governance that contribute to sustainability. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 13. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Infrastructures, lock-in, and sustainable urban development. The case of waste incineration in the Göteborg Metropolitan Area
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - 0959-6526. ; 50, s. 32-39
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explains how infrastructures with a sustainability record may evolve over time into a lock-in that slows the emergence of more sustainable urban infrastructures. A study of waste incineration in the Göteborg Metropolitan Area, Sweden, serves as an illustrative case. Taking leads from Unruh (2000, 2002), four rationales of lock-in are identified in the case: institutional, technical, cultural, and material. The article describes how these rationales, one by one and in collaboration, lock-in waste handling in the Göteborg Metropolitan Area to incineration. The article also suggests that these four rationales could serve as a program to unlock urban infrastructures. Asking the question “Are we in a lock-in?” is featured as a practical starting point for planning changes in urban infrastructure governance that contribute to sustainability.
|
|
| 14. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Tre av fyra jobbar med förebyggande
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Avfall och Miljö. - 0284-1827. ; 29:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 73 procent av svenska kommuner jobbar för att minska mängden av- fall, enligt siffror från Boverket. Det finns många goda exempel men mer systematiskt arbete krävs, menar tre forskare som analyserat enkäten
|
|
| 15. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
-
Tre av fyra jobbar med förebyggande
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Avfall och Miljö. - 1654-5087. ; 31:1, s. 33-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 16. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
-
Waste prevention is about effective production and thoughtful consumption – not about waste : Seven lessons from the research project from waste management to waste prevention
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarises the most important lessons learned from the research project From waste management to waste prevention. In the research project, researchers from Lund University and the University of Gothenburg, but also Umeå University and the Royal Institute of Technology, have studied waste prevention.The aim of the project has been to identify and clarify the difficulties in realising the goals of waste prevention policy. Researchers have approached the project’s purpose through content analysis of waste plans, quantitative and qualitative studies of waste prevention initiatives, criticism of urban planning theory, andthe mapping of obstacles to waste prevention.The project has been conducted in close cooperation with municipalities, municipal waste companies, authorities, social movements and companies. It has been financed by the Research Council Formas (Ref. no. 259-2013-210).
|
|
| 17. |
- de Azevedo, Adalberto Mantovani Martiniano, et al.
(författare)
-
Inclusive Waste Governance and Grassroots Innovations for Social, Environmental And Economic Change
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Participants of two research projects (Recycling Networks: Grassroots resilience tackling climate, environmental and poverty challenges (funded by the Swedish Research Council) and Mapping Waste Governance (funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada) collaborate in offering a critical inter- and transdisciplinary perspective on waste and waste actors (waste picker cooperatives, associations, community-based organizations, partnerships, networks and NGOs). The research is conducted in the following cities: Buenos Aires (Argentina), São Paulo (Brazil), Vancouver and Montreal (Canada), Kisumu (Kenya), Managua (Nicaragua) and Dar es Salaam (Tanzania). Together we examine the challenges that innovative grassroots initiatives and networks encounter in generating livelihoods to improve household waste collection and recycling, particularly in informal settlements of global South cities. We seek to map waste governance and successful waste management initiatives, arrangements and policies involving grassroots initiatives. In this report, we present a brief description of solid waste governance in the cities where we conducted fieldwork. We then illuminate some of our findings on grassroots innovations involving waste pickers or waste workers in these cities. Both research projects combine multi-case studies of waste picker groups and local government initiatives, apply qualitative research tools and participatory action research (e.g. photo voice, participant observation, workshops, surveys and interviews). We are interested in understanding processes, challenges and opportunities related to how these grassroots initiatives and networks operate to bring about socio-environmental and economic change? How they address challenges and what the assets are in everyday waste governance that can be explored to make waste governance more sustainable and thus more inclusive? Researchers involved in these two projects, key stakeholders from grassroots initiatives in these countries, representatives from some international waste picker networks and local and regional government officials from Kisumu, Kenya, met between 23rd and 29th of April 2018, in Kisumu to present and discuss the results of the first year of research activities, which are herewith documented.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Ek Österberg, Emma, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Kommunen som upphandlare, entreprenör och arbetsgivare i arbetsmarknadsintegration av utrikesfödda
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att inkludera utrikesfödda på arbetsmarknaden är en nyckelutmaning för integrationen och samhällsutvecklingen. Under senare år har flera reformer initierats i syfte att stärka genomförandet av integrationspolitiken där en mångfald aktörer involverats i insatserna för arbetsmarknadsintegration, däribland kommuner och andra lokala organisationer. Lokala initiativ för arbetsmarknadsintegration står i centrum för forskningsprojektet, Förändrade roller, framväxande nätverk: kommuner som upphandlare, arbetsgivare och entreprenör i arbetsmarknadsintegration. Kännetecknande för dessa initiativ är att de tar form och utvecklas lokalt i samverkan mellan kommuner, andra offentliga organisationer, företag och ideella organisationer. Projektet fokuserar på kommunernas roller i skapandet och spridningen av lokala, innovativa initiativ för arbetsmarknadsintegration av utrikesfödda. I rapporten diskuterar författarna sina resultat halvvägs in i projektet. Rapporten ger möjlighet att under pågående forskningsprojekt dela preliminära resultat och skapa en diskuss-ionskanal för forskare och praktiker. Tre roller diskuteras i rapporten, 1) kommunen som upphandlare, 2) kommunen som arbetsgivare, och 3) kommunen som entrepre-nör. I alla dessa roller driver, stödjer, styr och organiserar kommuner integrationspolitiska insatser i samverkan med andra – företag, ideella organisationer och offentliga myndigheter. Hur det går till och vad det betyder för kommunerna och dess samverkansparter och för möjligheten att nå framgång i integrationsarbetet är frågor som diskuteras i texten.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Gutberlet, Jutta, et al.
(författare)
-
Bridging Weak Links of Solid Waste Management in Informal Settlements
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environment and Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1070-4965 .- 1552-5465. ; 26:1, s. 106-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many cities in the global South suffer from vast inadequacies and deficiencies in their solid waste management. In the city of Kisumu in Kenya, waste management is frag- mented and insufficient with most household waste remaining uncollected. Solid waste enters and leaves public space through an intricate web of connected, mostly informal, actions. This article scrutinizes waste management of informal settlements, based on the case of Kisumu, to identify weak links in waste manage- ment chains and find neighborhood responses to bridge these gaps. Systems theory and action net theory support our analysis to understand the actions, actors, and processes associated with waste and its management. We use qualitative data from fieldwork and hands on engagement in waste management in Kisumu. Our main conclusion is that new waste initiatives should build on existing waste management practices already being performed within informal settlements by waste scavengers, waste pickers, waste entrepreneurs, and community-based organizations.
|
|
| 24. |
- Gutberlet, Jutta, et al.
(författare)
-
From community-based organization to socio-environmental entrepreneur. The case of household waste collection in Kisumu’s informal settlements
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 5th CIRIEC International Research Conference on Social Economy 15–18 July 2015, Lisbon, Portugal.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to understand the process by which socio-environmental entrepreneurs providing waste collection services in informal settlements succeed, to consolidate their operations. The entrepreneurs in the recycling sector described in our paper are part of emerging experiences, most prominent in the global South, that fall under the Social and Solidarity Economy and the evolving field of Social Entrepreneurship. These theoretical frameworks offer complementary strategies to address some of the challenges such entrepreneurs face in their everyday context. The paper will combine both theoretical frameworks, which have inspired the two main questions addressed in this paper: What makes an informal waste collection initiative get established, succeed, and grow? And, how can Social and Solidarity Economy and Social Entrepreneurship frameworks support these micro-enterprises? Methodologically, the paper is based on the case study of three waste pickers entrepreneurs in Kisumu, Kenya, characterized as social micro-enterprises, who have succeeded to consolidate their operations in informal and formal settlements. In-depth interviews, observations and document analysis have been used to collect data. Inspired by Social and Solidarity Economy and Social Entrepreneurship theories we have analyzed our data (mostly transcriptions from interviews) following patterns of creative abduction in back- and-forth moves between sorting, coding, probing of the data, and collecting new data until reconstructing the story of the three socio-environmental entrepreneurs. Our findings show how these initiatives, born as community-based organizations (CBOs), succeeded to consolidate and expand by developing towards socio-environmental entrepreneurship models. In the paper we discuss this transition process and question its implications both for the entrepreneurs and the communities they serve.
|
|
| 25. |
- Gutberlet, Jutta, et al.
(författare)
-
Socio-environmental entrepreneurship and the provision of critical services in informal settlements
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Environment & Urbanization. - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-2478 .- 1746-0301. ; 28:1, s. 205-222
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper contributes to the understanding of processes by which small-scale entrepreneurs who provide household waste collection in informal settlements succeed in formalized co-production of such services. The paper draws on the social and solidarity economy and social and environmental entrepreneurship theoretical frameworks, which offer complementary understandings of diverse strategies to tackle everyday challenges. Two questions are addressed: How do informal waste collection initiatives get established, succeed and grow? What are the implications of this transition for the entrepreneurs themselves, the communities, the environmental governance system and the scholarship? A case study is presented, based on three waste picker entrepreneurs in Kisumu, Kenya, who have consolidated and expanded their operations in informal settlements but also extended social and environmental activities into formal settlements. The paper demonstrates how initiatives, born as community-based organizations, become successful social micro-enterprises, driven by a desire to address socioenvironmental challenges in their neighbourhoods.
|
|
| 26. |
- Gutberlet, Jutta, et al.
(författare)
-
Waste Pickers and Their Practices of Insurgency and Environmental Stewardship
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environment and Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1070-4965. ; 30:4, s. 369-394
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Informed by different grassroots learning and educational practices engaged in waste management, and drawing from the concepts of insurgent citizenship and environ- mental stewardship, we examine the role of waste picker organizations and movements in creating new pathways towards more sustainable environmental waste governance. Two case studies (Argentina and Brazil) demonstrate how waste pickers inform and educate the general public and raise the awareness of socio-environmental questions related to waste management. Different educational practices are used as strategies to confront citizens with their waste: to see waste as a consumption problem, resource, and income source. Our paper draws on grassroots learning (social movement learning and insurgent learning) and education (stewardship) aimed at the transformation of waste practices. We argue that waste pickers play an important role in knowledge production promoting recycling, in landfilling less and recovering more resources. We conclude that waste pickers act as insurgent citizens and also are environmental stewards.
|
|
| 27. |
- Jylkkä, Maria, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Forskningsprojektet Från avfallshantering till avfallsförebyggande - Rapport från seminarium I: Offentliga planer för avfallsförebyggande
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten är en första dokumentation över hur arbetet med avfallsförebyggande ser ut i Sverige idag, och hur vi rör oss framåt. Rapporten är ett viktigt dokument för att återkoppla till dem som deltog samt de som kommer att delta vid framtida tillfällen. I detta första av tre seminarier träffades deltagarna för att få en överblick över de praktiker som finns i landet och diskutera hur de kan bidra till en större förändring i avfallsförebyggandet, vilka incitament som behövs för att öka på avfallsförebyggandet i landet samt vilken roll Naturvårdsverkets avfallsförebyggande program har idag och vad det skulle kunna bidra med i framtiden.
|
|
| 28. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Assumed Qualities of Compact Cities: Divergences Between the Global North and the Global South in the Research Discourse
- 2016
-
Ingår i: 17th N-AERUS Conference: 2016 Gothenburg (Sweden). Gothenburg, 16-19 November, 2016..
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compact cities are promoted widely in policy as a response to current societal challenges, but it is unclear or ambiguous what qualities or benefits a compact city is supposed to deliver. In research, the compact city concept is widely debated in the literature, and there are many arguments both for and against compact cities. However, many studies or reviews tend to apply a delimited approach, discussing a confined number of qualities or base the assessment on quite narrow empirical material. Research is also carried out from within a number of separate disciplines or “discourses”. An improved understanding of the wide spectrum of compact city qualities would support better planning, governance and management of cities. This paper therefore aims to provide an improved understanding of the wide spectrum of compact city qualities in support of better planning, governance and management of cities in the Global South. The objective is to present a review of current articles discussing the compact city to capture similarities and differences in the academic discourse between Global North and Global South contexts, and to outline a comprehensive compact city taxonomy. The analysis is based on literature searches in the Scopus database for 2012-2015, using the search term “compact city”. A quantitative assessment was carried out, sifting out what terms are used to label purported (or debated) qualities of compact cities. Papers are sorted into different categories according to geoeconomic context (i.e., Global North, BRICS, Global South). The outcome is an extended taxonomy of compact city qualities, including twelve categories. Weaknesses in compact city research aimed at cities in the Global South were identified, especially linked to nature, health, environment issues, quality of life, sociocultural aspects, justice and economy, as well as a significant lack of compact city research linked to urban adaptability and resilience.
|
|
| 29. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Characteristics, challenges and innovations of waste picker organizations: A comparative perspective between Latin American and East African countries
- 2022
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waste picker organisations (WPOs) around the globe collect, transport and process waste to earn their living but represent a widely excluded, marginalised and impoverished segment of society. WPOs are highly innovative, created by grassroots out of “nothing” to deliver economic, social and environmental sustainability. Still, we do not know how such innovations are developed, and how they are disseminated and adopted by other groups. This article examines characteristics, challenges and innovations of WPOs across five countries in Latin America and East Africa. It is based on quantitative and qualitative data regarding modes of organisation and management, gender, received support, business orientations, environmental and social contributions, and innovations developed in response to multiple challenges. The paper provides a comprehensive understanding of WPOs’ activities and their grassroots innovations in the Global South. The study shows how WPOs contribute significantly to the economic, social and environmental sustainability of the societies they serve as well as the wider urban societies. To start and maintain WPOs in informal settlements with a lack of infrastructure, institutional frameworks, and public and private investors is a difficult quest. WPOs take many different organisational forms depending on the complexity of local realities, ranging from advanced collective organization as cooperatives to small self-help groups and microentrepreneurs. Self-organisation into regional and national networks provides economic opportunities, autonomy and stability as well as political influence. Yet, institutional support is fundamental and the lack thereof threatens their existence. Sustaining WPOs as important providers of socio-environmental benefits through governmental and non-governmental actions is a worthwhile undertaking that builds sustainability.
|
|
| 30. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Co-production of Services in Informal Settlements: Waste management in Kisumu, Kenya
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In many informal settlements, a large number of informal sectors waste pickers collect and separate household waste, providing an important service. However, waste pickers represent one of the most excluded, impoverished and disempowered segments of society. This study explores the challenges and potential solutions for the co-production of participatory waste management services in informal settlements, using the case of informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya. Researchers conducted interviews, focus group discussions, participatory workshops and action on ground as part of extensive eldwork between 2014 and 2015. This report illustrates the challenges and opportunities to improve waste management in informal settlements through community participation and the inclusion of waste pickers. The results of the project are presented in three sections based on different academic articles where the result of the project rst was published. The rst article “Bridging Weak Links of Solid Waste Management in Informal Settlements” presents a number of opportunities that can be used to improve waste management systems in informal settlements. The second article “Socio-environmental entrepreneurship and the provision of critical services in informal settlements” examines the role of waste entrepreneurs in informal settlements as environmental stewards. Although seeing the contribution of waste entrepreneurs as very positive, however this article still questions the privati- zation of important services, such as waste collection. There is a risk of developing clientelistic relationships, of eroding collective solutions for the servicing of neighbourhoods and cities, and of abandoning the least af uent but majority of residents and settlements. The nal article is titled “Translating policies into in- formal settlements’ critical services: reframing, anchoring and muddling through”. It discusses the Kisumu Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Plan (KISWAMP) that succeeded to dignify, or reframe, waste picking as a critical community service and as a decent profession. Waste management also gained internal status as a legitimate area of policy making within the municipality and was turned it into an important service worth paying for. Yet it did not suf ciently anchor some of the new practices in the informal settlements, such as the partnership arrangements with waste entrepreneurs or the maintenance of waste transfer points. The report outlines challenges and opportunities at the same time, and ends with some policy recommendation for integrating waste pickers in the provision of services at the municipal level.
|
|
| 31. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Collective Strategies of Resistance in Compact Global South Cities. Stories From the Residents of the Villa Rodrigo Bueno
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of what citizen-driven strategies are developed to cope with informal urbanisation and urban compactness. More precisely, the paper explores the intersection between informal urbanisation processes, informal economy and networks of solidarity and citizenship, in the context of compact cities. In particular, this paper aims to examine the creation of novel and collective forms of strategizing and organising resistance articulated from the informal settlements to build up alternative notions of the city from below. In order to do that the paper is empirically informed by the case of Argentina, a country that has experienced in the last decades the revival of villas miseria (misery town or shanty towns), as a result of successive economic crisis and migration waves. The history of one of these villas miserias, Rodrigo Bueno, in Puerto Madero, the most expensive urban development in Argentina, serves to illustrate the creation and maintenance of the informal city as an alternative urban logic, as well as the continuous process of stabilisation and resistance to the institutional arrangements threatening its existence.
|
|
| 32. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Combating poverty and building democracy through the coproduction of participatory waste management services The case of Kisumu City, Kenya
- 2015
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In an increasingly urbanized world, a third of the global urban population will soon live in informal settlements1. Many of these areas are poorly connected to basic services, such as management of household waste2. Instead, an extensive informal sector of waste pickers collects and separates household waste3 4. By doing so, they make a significant contribution to improving the health of residents and local environments, to recover resources, to create jobs and income among the urban poor, and even to reduce the carbon footprint of their cities.
|
|
| 33. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Obunga Clean Up
- 2015
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Combating poverty and building democracy through the co-production of participatory waste management services: The case of Kisumu, Kenya A research project by: The inhabitants of Obunga, Nyalenda and Manyatta The many waste actors in Kisumu City of Kisumu County Government of Kisumu Kisumu Waste Management Services KWAMS Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology JOOUST Maseno University University of Victoria University of Gothenburg Chalmers University of Technology Funded by: The Swedish International Centre for Local Democracy ICLD
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Translating Policies into Informal Settlements' Critical Services: Reframing, Anchoring and Muddling Through
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Public Administration and Development. - : Wiley. - 0271-2075 .- 1099-162X. ; 36:5, s. 330-346
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines how policies and plans are translated into informal settlements' practice. It builds on literature on policy implementation practice and organization studies, and more particularly, it applies the concepts of reframing, anchoring and muddling through. The paper is informed by the case of Kisumu City in Kenya and its Kisumu Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan and its implementation on Kisumu's informal settlements. The plan was funded by the Swedish International Development Agency through the United Nations Human Settlement Programme and implemented from 2007 to 2009. The study is based on action research carried out by a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary group of researchers, through focus groups, participatory workshops, collaborative action, in-depth interviews, document analysis and observations. The paper examines what original aspects of Kisumu Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan were translated, that is, which ones faded out and which ones became stabilized into and travel as ‘best practices’ to other locations. The paper shows how the generation of ‘best practices’ can be loosely coupled with the practices that policy seeks to change. It concludes, in line with previous research in the field, how successful policy implementation is based on cultural and political interpretations rather on evidence of improved practices.
|
|
| 36. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
What Makes a Compact City? Differences Between Urban Research in the Global North and the Global South
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Offentlig förvaltning. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - : University of Gothenburg. - 2000-8058. ; 24:4, s. 25-49
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compact cities are promoted in policy as a response to current societal challenges, but it is unclear or ambiguous what qualities or benefits a compact city is supposed to deliver. The concept of the compact city is widely debated in the research literature, and there are numerous arguments both for and against compact cities. However, many studies or reviews tend to apply a delimited approach, discussing a confined number of qualities or basing the assessment on fairly narrow empirical material. Research is also carried out from within a number of separate disciplines or “discourses”. This paper aims to provide a clearer and more consolidated understanding of the wide spectrum of qualities that make up the compact city in support of better planning, governance and management of cities in the Global South. The objective is to present a review of current articles discussing the compact city in order to capture similarities and differences in the academic discourse between Global North and Global South contexts, and to outline a comprehensive compact city taxonomy. This is achieved by answering three questions: (1) What types of urban qualities are discussed in scientific articles studying urban compactness? (2) (How) do articles focusing on Global North and Global South contexts differ when it comes to exploring compact city qualities? and (3) Do the findings indicate areas of research withing the broader scope of urban compactness where research should be initiated or strengthened? The analysis is based on literature searches in the Scopus database for 2012-2015 using the search term “compact city”. A quantitative assessment was carried out, sifting out what terms are used to label purported (or debated) qualities of compact cities. Papers are sorted into different categories according to geoeconomic context (i.e. Global North, BRICS, Global South). The outcome is an extended taxonomy of compact city qualities, including twelve categories. Weaknesses in compact city research aimed at cities in the Global South were identified, linked in particular to nature, health, environmental issues, quality of life, sociocultural aspects, justice and economy, as well as a significant lack of compact city research linked to urban adaptability and resilience.
|
|
| 37. |
- Scaini, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Pathways from research to sustainable development: Insights from ten research projects in sustainability and resilience
- 2024
-
Ingår i: AMBIO. - : SPRINGER. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on collective experience from ten collaborative research projects focused on the Global South, we identify three major challenges that impede the translation of research on sustainability and resilience into better-informed choices by individuals and policy-makers that in turn can support transformation to a sustainable future. The three challenges comprise: (i) converting knowledge produced during research projects into successful knowledge application; (ii) scaling up knowledge in time when research projects are short-term and potential impacts are long-term; and (iii) scaling up knowledge across space, from local research sites to larger-scale or even global impact. Some potential pathways for funding agencies to overcome these challenges include providing targeted prolonged funding for dissemination and outreach, and facilitating collaboration and coordination across different sites, research teams, and partner organizations. By systematically documenting these challenges, we hope to pave the way for further innovations in the research cycle.
|
|
| 38. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Avfall i översättning
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Andreas Ivarsson (red): Nordisk kommunforskning. En forskningsövesikt med 113 projekt.. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9789163398025
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Changing La Chureca: Organizing City Resilience Through Action Nets
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Change Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1469-7017 .- 1479-1811. ; 12:3, s. 323-337
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to contribute to the literature on city organizing, an important yet under-researched area in the intersection of organization theory and urban studies. The concepts of the city and change, translation and action nets are fundamental to this analysis. The study takes as its object the collective process of organizing the change of La Chureca, the rubbish dump of the city of Managua, Nicaragua. Through its translation into a global spectacle of degradation, La Chureca has become a flagship for urban change projects. La Chureca is referred to as an example of an ‘uncanny place’. In association with urban social movements, these uncanny places are strong catalysts for mobilizing urban change and resilience. The article concludes by discussing the revival of the local in Latin American cities and the permeation of the historical role of urban movements as agents of change in the processes of urban governance and managing resilience.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Cities in the lead of sustainable transitions. The structuration of an emergent field of waste prevention policies in Sweden
- 2015
-
Ingår i: NESS 2015.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the role of cities in sustainability transitions informed by institutional entrepreneurship theory, and based on the case of waste prevention projects in the city of Göteborg. The paper is structured by two research questions: how do municipalities perform the new role of waste prevention? And what are the implications of this new role for sustainable transitions? The paper shows how cities can turn into agents of change and institutional entrepreneurship through the recombination and mobilization of resources (human, financial, material and spatial), rationales (reframing symbols, challenging taboos and transforming waste socio-materialities) and relations (via internal and external collaboration, and the creation of new institutional arrangements, roles and expectations). Emerging environmental policies, such as waste prevention, represent the structuration of a new organizational field. This new generation of environmental policies operate expanding the scope of the public sector (publicness); challenging taboos such the intromission of the publicness into the privateness; and eroding a predominant pro-growth logic.
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Creating new institutions for sustainable transitions. The history of the upcycling station in Sweden
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 13th Conference of the European Sociology Association, Athens 29.08.2017 – 01.09.2017.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In today’s consume-and-discard society a steady increase in waste generated per person threatens the overall sustainability of our planet. In response to this global environmental challenge, recent European and national directives have shifted the emphasis to re-circulating and re-using practices. This paper examines the role of cities in fostering sustainable transitions based on the case of the ‘re-circulating room’ in Sweden. The paper starts with a historical reconstruction of reuse parks in Sweden which have also derived into re-circulating mini-parks in city districts and re-circulating rooms in housing block apartments where residents can exchange, borrow, repair or create items, as a combination of a reuse room and a makerspace. In the first part of the paper, we trace how the idea of reuse-park has travelled and been locally translated into different re-circulating rooms in cities in Sweden. The second part of the paper zooms in on the case of the city of Gothenburg where the first reuse park in Sweden was created, and where the City of Gothenburg is in the process of creating several re-circulating mini-parks in city districts in collaboration with public housing companies and civil society organizations. Based on interviews, document analysis and meeting observations, the paper examines the process of creation of this new type of infrastructure, under the prism of institutional entrepreneurship theory, by examining how these projects recombine and mobilize resources (human, financial, material-and spatial), rationales (reframing symbols, transforming abjection to waste into positive creativity) and relations (via internal and external collaboration and the creation of new institutional arrangements, roles and expectations). The paper concludes with a discussion around the role of cities in sustainable transitions towards de-materialization policies.
|
|
| 45. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Every Heaven requires its Hell: the consume & discard society and the invisible city
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Nordic Conference on Consumer Research, Gothenburg, May 30-June 1, 2012.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper unfolds how the effectiveness and invisibility of waste urban infrastructures contribute to the de-naturalisation of waste by ‘black-boxing’ the link between the citizens’ consumption habits and the growing mountain of waste; with the participation of human and non-human intermediaries (e.g. waste-vacuum-system, dark plastic bags, locked containers). The paper also discusses how environmental policies inverting the process of visibilisation of waste (e.g. education at schools, study visits, recycling containers, waste collection invoices) can contribute to reconnect processes of consumption and disposal in the contemporary city. The city of Gothenburg and its waste management system serves as an illustration.
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
From governing at distance, to governing on distances. Drawing immigrants closer to the labour market.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 19th Nordic Migration Research Conference, New (Im)mobilities: Migration and Race in the Era of Authoritarianism, 15-17 August 2018, Norrköping.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is common to talk about labour market integration of immigrants by using the distance metaphor. Immigrants are often told to be ‘far away’ from the labour market, some being described as ‘low-hanging fruits’, others as offering figurate ‘resistance’ to participate in the labour integration pro-grams aiming to draw them closer to the labour market. The way local labour market integration pol-icies are being organised is also changing. Many of the initiatives lead by public, private and civil soci-ety organisations are moving their operations closer to their target groups, in different ways: physically by moving their headquarters to the suburbs where immigrants live; culturally by employing staff speaking the languages and understanding the culture of these groups; time-wise, by displacing their activities at the times these groups are available; or cognitively by communication strategies reaching these distant groups. By adopting a relational understanding of space and distances this paper aims to examine the shift from governing immigrants and refugees at distance to governing or acting on the distances be-tween these groups and the labour market, and its consequences. The paper examines the technologies, practices and routines developed by several initiatives in the city of Gothenburg, to act on the distances existing between the immigrants and the labour market, between the institutions participating in these initiatives and the suburbs where immigrants live.
|
|
| 48. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Global narratives of sustainable waste governance in Managua, Nicaragua
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Globalization and Development: Rethinking Interventions and Governance.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waste is one of the glocal meta-problems and as such an issue for both global and local governance. While waste is a global fluid, with the risks and profitability associated to its movement, it is also an extremely localized phenomenon (Honor Fagan, 2003). The notion of waste is a construct. Its meaning varies between places and societies at different times (MacKillop, 2009); as does the way societies engage with their waste and deal with it. In the last decades waste governance has being constructed as a sustainability problem for both the global North and the global South. A significant number of international multi-lateral organisations are concerned with the issue of sustainable waste governance, bringing global ideas from the North to the South. Most international and national development aid organisations (e.g. UNEP, UN-Habitat, UE …) carry out development projects, programs and experiences of transference of knowledge and best practices regarding a sustainable waste governance. These discourses of what sustainable waste governance is generated by global organisations shape the local practices for the organizing of waste. The definition, problematisation, policies, plans, technologies and management models used for the governing of waste locally is affected considerably by the discourses within and amongst these global organisations, as are the practices of sustainability they propose and promote. However, the global discourse of a sustainable waste management is neither unique nor uniform. The multiplicity of global actors hence leads to a multiplicity of narratives and discourses on sustainable waste governance. In this paper we aim at exploring some of the many global narratives of waste governance in order to unfold how these views pervade local waste governance and policies. In order to do that the paper focus on the case study of Managua, in Nicaragua, and the six development projects funded by different international aid development organisations (Spanish and Italian Aid Agencies, UN-Habitat, US-AID, European Union URBAL, PNUD) related to the city waste governance. Our data consist of policy documents from these organisations supported by personal interviews with key actors related to these projects and non-participant observations over a multitude of meetings and events. After presenting the different global narratives of waste governance in the findings section, we discuss in the conclusions how predominant global waste narratives have stabilized in the discourse of an urban sustainable development in Managua. We end the paper by contextualizing the conclusions with the concepts, assumptions and practices that give shape to the policies and practices connected to ‘sustainable development’
|
|
| 49. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Governing grassroots infrastructure – Resident associations and infrastructure provisioning in informal settlements
- 2018
-
Ingår i: www.laemos2018.net.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disruptions in critical infrastructures are part of everyday life for the millions of citizens living in informal settlements, as they constantly have to improvise, create routines, competences, relations and new knowledge to cope with these disturbances. Yet, residents in informal settlements around the world do not remain passive regarding the deteriorating socio-environmental conditions within their neighbourhoods. In the absence of formal infrastructures and services, grassroots resilience initiatives (such as resident associations, women associations, youth groups, self-help groups, community-based organisations, cooperatives, public-private partnerships) articulate the necessary resources, relations and rationales to create and reproduce critical infrastructures (e.g. delivering access to money, water or food) and to construct more inclusive forms of urban governance. Acknowledging the central rol of infrastructures for an inclusive urban development, the social science literature (mostly geography, urban studies or anthropology) has experienced in recent years, what has been called as the ‘infrastructure’ turn (Graham, 2010). Breaking up with traditional views that infrastructures are apolitical and thus not worthy of attention (MacFarlane and Rutherford, 2008; Coutard, 1999), these scholars approach the study of infrastructures as much more than being mere technological and material issues; they also embody social interests and values (Star, 1999) and therefore become politicized assemblages of artefacts and practices (Graham, 2010). Previous research has argued that it is possible to understand the politics of infrastructure and its implications through the study of infrastructure disruptions (Graham, 2010) or institutionalized informality, for example in informal settlements in Global South cities (MacFarlane, 2008, 2011, Trovalla and Trovalla, 2015, Zapata Campos and Zapata, 2013) “in ways that are rarely possible when such systems are functioning normally” (Graham, 2010, p.3). Whilst critical studies on infrastructure networks have often focused on the holistic macro dimension of the networks, the practices enacted in more localized parts of the infrastructure network, and the way they localize meaning, seems to be understudied (Chelcea and Pulay, 2015). The present study intends to contribute to this understanding of the political character of infrastructure, but it shifts the attention towards two aspects less discussed in the literature. First, a redefinition of infrastructures as practice based (Anand 2012) and situational (Chelcea, 2016), which therefore makes it necessary to study everyday infrastructuring practices at the user level. Second, a focus on the role of grassroots organisations in creating and governing these infrastructures in informal settlements. The paper originally brings together organisation studies (e.g. the concepts of partial organisation and institutional infrastructure), and the study of infrastructures in urban studies. It aims first, to examine the role of grassroots organisations in the production and governance of critical infrastructure in the context of uncertainty and scarcity of Global South cities’ informal settlements; and second, to explore the political implications of grassroot infrastructures by examining how they lead to efforts to create governmental structures to maintain them, to connect them to formal systems, and to bring in new infrastructures and services to the informal settlements. Empirically the paper is informed by the case of three grassroots organisations in three informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya. The case study includes document studies, ethnographical and participatory observations, shadowing, visual ethnography, interviews, focus group interviews, social media, and stakeholder workshops between 2014 and 2018. Particularly the paper focuses on semi-structured interviews carried out with grassroot initiatives, politicians and public officers. The preliminary analysis of the data shows how the management and governance of critical infrastructure is characterized by four features: a) flexibly configured organisational landscapes versus formal façades; b) critical but hidden material/organisational infrastructure sustaining human and organisational life; c) nested versus floating infrastructure; and d) dormant (discretionary) but visible infrastructure.
|
|
| 50. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Grassroots innovations in 'extreme' urban environments. The inclusive recycling movement
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. - : SAGE Publications. - 2399-6544 .- 2399-6552. ; 41:2, s. 351-374
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waste pickers all over the world work innovatively to reduce the environmental footprint of cities as they struggle to meet their critical livelihood obligations. Informed by the case of waste picker organizations (WPOs) this article examines how grassroots initiatives and extreme-niche innovations are created and sustained by mobilizing resources, rationales and relations. The study is informed by a cross-national survey and in-depth interviews with WPOs in Argentina, Brazil, Nicaragua, Kenya and Tanzania, and builds upon theories of grassroots innovation movements. The findings show how operating in contexts of extreme scarcity, these grassroots organisations tap into local resources, e.g. tacit knowledge, economies of affection and other socially embedded institutional resources. Blending material and environmental rationales, contributes to expanding their audiences and to gaining further support. In such deprived urban contexts, radical and cumulative crises and events hindering residents’ livelihoods can paradoxically also spark ingenuity out of necessity, and the transformation of these settings into extreme niches of innovation. Finally, the mobilization of relations through the formation of networks linking WPOs with supportive intermediaries and global circuits of solidarity becomes another fundamental resilience strategy by which WPOs can navigate contested environments and insert their extreme-niche innovations in governmental structures. By simultaneously adopting a broad repertoire of strategies of insertion, contention, and mobilization WPO and their innovations thrive in highly constrained environments. We conclude with reflecting on how ‘extreme’ niches of innovation − at the cracks of the formal city, economy and waste systems − can unleash the creative power of stigmatized, illiterate and neglected grassroots to experiment with new solutions in resource-poor environments.
|
|
