| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Study of the kinetics, mechanisms and catalysis activity of photo-electro degradation of organic pollutants via new neural network based methodology
- 2023
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373. ; 323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel calculation methodology containing modeling and statistics was developed to assist the experimental process for the investigation of organics treatment process. A continuous-flow photo-electro treatment of Norfloxacin (NOR) was chosen as a target subject. The methodology is based on a new synergistic work of reaction energy calculation, full-scanned neural network (NN) simulation and new physical kinetics modeling. Degradation kinetics, mechanisms and activity of degradation catalyst, etc., were studied. As a result, the reaction energy calculation figured out eight potential degradation pathways of NOR with the corresponding intermediate. NN process with fully scanned parameters showed dominating advantage compared to non-linear regression and first-order law in simulation work. With the obtained database from NN, the new physical model successfully distributed degradation contribution into direct, indirect and water flow routes. The new methodology helped to gain more valuable information with less experimental work, which guided the efficient and greener investigation process in corresponding studies.
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| 3. |
- Ding, Huaiyi, et al.
(författare)
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Maximizing Integrated Optical and Electrical Properties of a Single ZnO Nanowire through Native Interfacial Doping
- 2014
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 26:19, s. 3035-3041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A native interfacial doping layer introduced in core-shell type ZnO nanowires by a simple vapor phase re-growth procedure endows the produced nanowires with both excellent electrical and optical performances compared to conventional homogeneous ZnO nanowires. The unique Zn-rich interfacial structure in the core-shell nanowires plays a crucial role in the outstanding performances.
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| 4. |
- Sampson, Joshua N., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
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| 5. |
- Wang, Zhaoming, et al.
(författare)
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Imputation and subset-based association analysis across different cancer types identifies multiple independent risk loci in the TERT-CLPTM1L region on chromosome 5p15.33
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:24, s. 6616-6633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped risk alleles for at least 10 distinct cancers to a small region of 63 000 bp on chromosome 5p15.33. This region harbors the TERT and CLPTM1L genes; the former encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the latter may play a role in apoptosis. To investigate further the genetic architecture of common susceptibility alleles in this region, we conducted an agnostic subset-based meta-analysis (association analysis based on subsets) across six distinct cancers in 34 248 cases and 45 036 controls. Based on sequential conditional analysis, we identified as many as six independent risk loci marked by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms: five in the TERT gene (Region 1: rs7726159, P = 2.10 × 10(-39); Region 3: rs2853677, P = 3.30 × 10(-36) and PConditional = 2.36 × 10(-8); Region 4: rs2736098, P = 3.87 × 10(-12) and PConditional = 5.19 × 10(-6), Region 5: rs13172201, P = 0.041 and PConditional = 2.04 × 10(-6); and Region 6: rs10069690, P = 7.49 × 10(-15) and PConditional = 5.35 × 10(-7)) and one in the neighboring CLPTM1L gene (Region 2: rs451360; P = 1.90 × 10(-18) and PConditional = 7.06 × 10(-16)). Between three and five cancers mapped to each independent locus with both risk-enhancing and protective effects. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were seen for a subset of risk loci, indicating that methylation and subsequent effects on gene expression may contribute to the biology of risk variants on 5p15.33. Our results provide strong support for extensive pleiotropy across this region of 5p15.33, to an extent not previously observed in other cancer susceptibility loci.
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| 6. |
- Xue, Ru, et al.
(författare)
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Variations of methane fluxes and methane microbial community composition with soil depth in the riparian buffer zone of a sponge city park
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Riparian buffers benefit both natural and man-made ecosystems by preventing soil erosion, retaining soil nu-trients, and filtering pollutants. Nevertheless, the relationship between vertical methane fluxes, soil carbon, and methane microbial communities in riparian buffers remains unclear. This study examined vertical methane fluxes, soil carbon, and methane microbial communities in three different soil depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm) within a riparian buffer of a Sponge City Park for one year. Structural equation model (SEM) results demonstrated that vertical methane fluxes varied with soil depths (lambda =-0.37) and were primarily regulated by methanogenic community structure (lambda = 0.78). Notably, mathematical regression results proposed that mcrA/ pmoA ratio (R2 = 0.8) and methanogenic alpha diversity/methanotrophic alpha diversity ratio (R2 = 0.8) could serve as valid predictors of vertical variation in methane fluxes in the riparian buffer of urban river. These findings suggest that vertical variation of methane fluxes in riparian buffer soils is mainly influenced by carbon inputs and methane microbial abundance and community diversity. The study's results quantitatively the relationship between methane fluxes in riparian buffer soils and abiotic and biotic factors in the vertical di-rection, therefore contributing to the further development of mathematical models of soil methane emissions.
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| 7. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Degradation of Norfloxacin in saline water by synergistic effect of anode and cathode in a novel photo-electrochemical system
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The removal and degradation of refractory antibiotics in saline water by electrochemical and photo-electrochemical catalysis has emerged as a worldwide research hotspot. Aiming to improve degradation performance, most of the concerned studies focus on new sophisticated materials and modification methods on the single working electrode (anode or cathode). But the synergistic effects between anode and cathode has rarely been studied, especially in photo-electrochemical system. In this work, these effects were initially developed and investigated in the photo-electrochemical system. In this work, a low-cost double-working electrodes photo-electrochemical system (TSSC-Photo) with Ti/SnO2-Sb anode and carbon black air diffusion cathode (TSSC) was constructed for Norfloxacin (NOR) degradation in saline water. The degradation efficiency, vital factors, degradation pathways were investigated. The mathematic modeling was adopted to distinguish the degradation kinetics and degradation contributions ratio from anode and cathode sides of this system. Owing to the synergistic effects of both electrodes, a rapidly complete NOR removal was achieved within 4 min and the highest TOC removal ratio reached 83.9% within 120 min. Free radicals (•Cl, •OH, etc) were considered as dominate oxidants in degradation with no activated chlorine (HClO/ClO−) detected from the electrolyte during the photo-electrolysis. The analysis based on the mathematic modeling indicated that anode acted as the only contributor (>97% of overall contribution) during the first 5 min of photo-electrolysis, whereas at the end of 120 min running, 21.4% of the total contribution came from cathode side. The remarkable performance of TSSC-Photo claimed its great capacity for organic matter degradation in saline water especially with Cl−.
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| 8. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Norfloxacin degradation by urea precipitation Ti/SnO2–Sb anode under photo-electro catalysis and kinetics investigation by BP-neural-network-physical modeling
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photo-electro catalysis has emerged as efficient and sustainable degradation method for antibiotics, where metal oxide anode plays a critical role. Exploring novel preparation method for anodes catalysis to achieve larger active sites and diverse oxidants production can directly enhance the degradation performance. Therefore, in this work, a new urea precipitation method for anode formation was studied. Both novel urea precipitation Ti/SnO2–Sb anode (TSSA-U) and traditional electro-deposition Ti/SnO2–Sb anode (TSSA-E) were prepared for Norfloxacin degradation by photo-electro catalysis in saline water. A unique tubular Ti/SnO2–Sb units formatted by urea precipitation resulted in higher porosity. This led to dominating advantage for TSSA-U on photo/electrochemical activity and degradation performances by individual photo/electro catalysis, compared to TSSA-E. However, this gap of degradation performances shrank when synergistic effect of photo-electro catalysis involved. The highest TOC removal ratio of 91.1% was obtained from TSSA-U under photo-electro catalysis. Besides, a novel BP-neural-network-physical modeling (BP-ANN-P) was developed for analysis. According to this modeling, both direct (adsorption-degradation, radiation, etc.) and indirect (mainly •Cl) routes contributed significantly in degradation work by TSSA-U, where indirect route shared 41.8–90.1% of total degradation ratio. An increasing of current density (from 5 to 25 mA cm−2) enhanced the kinetics for both routes. Indirect route preferred pH = 3–7 with direct route enhanced by neutral condition. Moreover, indirect route also showed better adaptability with higher initial NOR loadings. Both urea precipitation and BP-ANN-P have shown their value for high performance material formation and data analysis, respectively. Notably, higher catalysis performance and better analysis connect to low energy cost, shorter running time and more efficient judgement and selection, which meets the requirement of cleaner production and environmental sustainability.
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| 9. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Norfloxacin degradation by a green carbon black-Ti/SnO2-Sb electrochemical system in saline water
- 2019
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Ingår i: Catalysis Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5861. ; 327, s. 308-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work aims to degrade a typical antibiotic Norfloxacin (NOR) in saline water with a novel green carbon black based Ti/SnO2-Sb electrochemical catalysis system (TSSC), with Ti/SnO2-Sb as anode (TSSA) and a novel carbon black air diffusion electrode as cathode (CBAC). An electrochemical system with TSSA and a platinum carbon (Pt/C) cathode was used as control (TSSP). The removal ratio, degradation condition and the biodegradability were evaluated, the degradation pathway and mechanism were investigated. The result showed an efficient removal performance in both TSSC and TSSP systems. The removal ratio dropped with the lower current densities and higher initial pollutant loading. A considerable better removal performance was found in TSSC system, compared to that in TSSP system, when the low current density and saline concentration were applied. Meanwhile, 25.7% and 23.0% of COD removal ratios were obtained in TSSP and TSSC systems, respectively, in a short reaction time (25 min) and a very slight current density (0.18 mA cm−2). However, the TSSC showed a much more significant improvement of NOR biodegradability than that in TSSP system, indicating a considerable potential of TSSC system for both individual application and synergistic working with traditional biodegradation system for refractory antibiotics treatment.
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| 10. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Study of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in urban environment by questionnaire and modeling for sustainable risk control
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894. ; 420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caused by SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 has become a severe threaten to society and human health, its epidemic control emerges as long-term issue. A sustainable epidemic and environmental transmission risk control (SEERC) in urban area is urgently needed. This work aims to conduct a new investigation on the transmission risk of SARS-COV-2 as virus/hazardous material through various environmental medias, routes and regions in the entirely urban area for guiding the SEERC. Specifically, 5 routes in 28 regions (totally 140 scenarios) are considered. For a new perspective, the risk evaluation is conducted by the quantification of frontline medicals staffs’ valuable experience in this work. 207 specialists responsible for the treatment of over 9000 infected patients are involved. The result showed that degree of risk was in the order of breath>contact-to-object>contact-to-human>intake>unknown. The modeling suggested source control as the prior measure for epidemic control. The combination of source control & mask wearing showed high efficiency in SEERC. The homeworking policy needed to cooperate with activity limitation to perform its efficiency. Subsequently, a new plan for SEERC was discussed. This work delivered significant information to researchers and decision makers for the further development of sustainable control for SARS-COV-2 spreading and COVID-19 epidemic.
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| 11. |
- Zhang, Zhenzong, et al.
(författare)
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Tungsten oxide quantum dots deposited onto ultrathin CdIn2S4 nanosheets for efficient S-scheme photocatalytic CO2 reduction via cascade charge transfer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947. ; 428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel S-scheme photocatalytic heterojunction composite nanomaterial is developed by integrating zero-dimensional WO3 quantum dots (WQDs) on two-dimensional ultrathin CdIn2S4 (CIS) nanosheets with the aim of fostering carrier separation, enhancing the performance of carrier interface transport, minimizing carrier distance transport, and achieving effective photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The composite photocatalyst WQDs/CdIn2S4 (WCIS) allows for the efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and CH4, as shown by product analysis and isotopic measurement. The photogenerated electrons in WQDs recombine with the holes in CIS nanosheets, and the left electrons in CIS have stronger CO2 reduction abilities. The highest yields of CO and CH4 achieved with the WCIS photocatalyst are 8.2 and 1.6 μmol g-1h−1 ––2.6 and 8 times higher than those for CIS, respectively. Moreover, the S-scheme WCIS possesses a stable crystal structure and recycling ability. Finally, the S-scheme charge transfer path on the WCIS composite is proposed according to theoretical calculation, in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) analyses.
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| 12. |
- Brenner, Darren R, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of lung cancer histology-specific variants applying Bayesian framework variant prioritization approaches within the TRICL and ILCCO consortia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press. - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 36:11, s. 1314-1326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have likely uncovered all common variants at the GWAS significance level. Additional variants within the suggestive range (0.0001> P > 5×10−8) are, however, still of interest for identifying causal associations. This analysis aimed to apply novel variant prioritization approaches to identify additional lung cancer variants that may not reach the GWAS level. Effects were combined across studies with a total of 33456 controls and 6756 adenocarcinoma (AC; 13 studies), 5061 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; 12 studies) and 2216 small cell lung cancer cases (9 studies). Based on prior information such as variant physical properties and functional significance, we applied stratified false discovery rates, hierarchical modeling and Bayesian false discovery probabilities for variant prioritization. We conducted a fine mapping analysis as validation of our methods by examining top-ranking novel variants in six independent populations with a total of 3128 cases and 2966 controls. Three novel loci in the suggestive range were identified based on our Bayesian framework analyses: KCNIP4 at 4p15.2 (rs6448050, P = 4.6×10−7) and MTMR2 at 11q21 (rs10501831, P = 3.1×10−6) with SCC, as well as GAREM at 18q12.1 (rs11662168, P = 3.4×10−7) with AC. Use of our prioritization methods validated two of the top three loci associated with SCC (P = 1.05×10−4 for KCNIP4, represented by rs9799795) and AC (P = 2.16×10−4 for GAREM, represented by rs3786309) in the independent fine mapping populations. This study highlights the utility of using prior functional data for sequence variants in prioritization analyses to search for robust signals in the suggestive range.
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| 13. |
- Byun, Jinyoung, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Research. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:8, s. 1167-1177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung fibroblasts indicated that a subset of these genes, including the pleiotropic gene IRF4, potentially exert effects by promoting endogenous DNA damage.
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| 14. |
- Chen, Jiajin, et al.
(författare)
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A trans-omics assessment of gene–gene interaction in early-stage NSCLC
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1574-7891 .- 1878-0261. ; 17:1, s. 173-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epigenome-wide gene–gene (G × G) interactions associated with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survival may provide insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Hence, we proposed a three-step analytic strategy to identify significant and robust G × G interactions that are relevant to NSCLC survival. In the first step, among 49 billion pairs of DNA methylation probes, we identified 175 775 G × G interactions with PBonferroni ≤ 0.05 in the discovery phase of epigenomic analysis; among them, 15 534 were confirmed with P ≤ 0.05 in the validation phase. In the second step, we further performed a functional validation for these G × G interactions at the gene expression level by way of a two-phase (discovery and validation) transcriptomic analysis, and confirmed 25 significant G × G interactions enriched in the 6p21.33 and 6p22.1 regions. In the third step, we identified two G × G interactions using the trans-omics analysis, which had significant (P ≤ 0.05) epigenetic cis-regulation of transcription and robust G × G interactions at both the epigenetic and transcriptional levels. These interactions were cg14391855 × cg23937960 (βinteraction = 0.018, P = 1.87 × 10−12), which mapped to RELA × HLA-G (βinteraction = 0.218, P = 8.82 × 10−11) and cg08872738 × cg27077312 (βinteraction = −0.010, P = 1.16 × 10−11), which mapped to TUBA1B × TOMM40 (βinteraction =−0.250, P = 3.83 × 10−10). A trans-omics mediation analysis revealed that 20.3% of epigenetic effects on NSCLC survival were significantly (P = 0.034) mediated through transcriptional expression. These statistically significant trans-omics G × G interactions can also discriminate patients with high risk of mortality. In summary, we identified two G × G interactions at both the epigenetic and transcriptional levels, and our findings may provide potential clues for precision treatment of NSCLC.
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| 15. |
- Chi, Zexu, et al.
(författare)
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Coral-like WO3/BiVO4 photoanode constructed via morphology and facet engineering for antibiotic wastewater detoxification and hydrogen recovery
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947. ; 428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Morphology and facet engineering have been proved efficient strategies to prepare high-performance photoelectrochemical (PEC) materials. WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction photoanodes with different morphologies were prepared by simply controlling the amount of electrodeposited charge. The coral-like WO3/BiVO4 photoanode with the orientation growth of {110} and {011} active facets of BiVO4 exhibited the optimal PEC performance due to significantly enhanced separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers, while the exposure of {−121} facets showed negative effects. 4.71 mA·cm−2 and 2.9 mA·cm−2 of photocurrent densities were obtained for sulfite and water oxidation, respectively, superior to most reported results. Subsequently, a photoelectrochemical-chlorine (PEC-Cl) system was constructed for antibiotic wastewater detoxification with hydrogen recovery. The analysis results indicated that the system can quickly and effectively remove sulfamethoxazole and reduce its toxicity concurrent with high hydrogen yield. The reactive chlorine species (RCS), especially Cl2·− and ClO·, dominated the sulfamethoxazole removal. Possible degradation pathways of sulfamethoxazole were also elucidated.
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| 16. |
- Chi, Zexu, et al.
(författare)
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The fabrication of atomically thin-MoS2 based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical energy conversion and environment remediation : A review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Green Energy and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 2096-2797 .- 2468-0257. ; 7:3, s. 372-393
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoelectrochemical (PEC) technology has been proved a promising approach to solve the problems of energy shortages and environmental pollution damages. It can convert unlimited solar energy resources into energy forms needed by mankind. The development of highly efficient photoanodes is a key step in realizing the large-scale practical application of PEC systems. However, the development of PEC photoanodes has been severely hindered by the issues of easy recombination of photo-generated charge carriers, low photon-to-electron conversion efficiency, poor photo-corrosion resistance, and low catalytic activity. Therefore, constructing high-performance and stable photoanodes is an urgent research field to promote the progress of PEC technology. The atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (AT-MoS2) with unique physical and chemical properties has been widely applied in the fabrication of PEC photoanodes. The AT-MoS2 based photoanodes have exhibited excellent PEC performance, which providing promising candidates for ideal PEC application. Here, we summarize the fundamental natures of MoS2 and present the research efforts in the preparation of AT-MoS2 based photoanodes. Strategies for the fabrication of high-efficient AT-MoS2 based photoanodes are emphasized to provide guidelines to advance emerging PEC photoanodes. Besides, perspectives for the development of more efficient AT-MoS2 based photoanodes are proposed.
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| 17. |
- Du, Mulong, et al.
(författare)
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Cyp2a6 activity and cigarette consumption interact in smoking-related lung cancer susceptibility
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 84:4, s. 616-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cigarette smoke, containing both nicotine and carcinogens, causes lung cancer. However, not all smokers develop lung cancer, highlighting the importance of the interaction between host susceptibility and environmental exposure in tumorigenesis. Here, we aimed to delineate the interaction between metabolizing ability of tobacco carcinogens and smoking intensity in mediating genetic susceptibility to smoking-related lung tumorigenesis. Single-variant and gene-based associations of 43 tobacco carcinogen–metabolizing genes with lung cancer were analyzed using summary statistics and individual-level genetic data, followed by causal inference of Mendelian randomization, mediation analysis, and structural equation modeling. Cigarette smoke–exposed cell models were used to detect gene expression patterns in relation to specific alleles. Data from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (29,266 cases and 56,450 controls) and UK Biobank (2,155 cases and 376,329 controls) indicated that the genetic variant rs56113850 C>T located in intron 4 of CYP2A6 was significantly associated with decreased lung cancer risk among smokers (OR = 0.88, 95% confidence interval = 0.85–0.91, P = 2.18 X 10-16), which might interact (Pinteraction = 0.028) with and partially be mediated (ORindirect = 0.987) by smoking status. Smoking intensity accounted for 82.3% of the effect of CYP2A6 activity on lung cancer risk but entirely mediated the genetic effect of rs56113850. Mechanistically, the rs56113850 T allele rescued the downregulation of CYP2A6 caused by cigarette smoke exposure, potentially through preferential recruitment of transcription factor helicase-like transcription factor. Together, this study provides additional insights into the interplay between host susceptibility and carcinogen exposure in smoking-related lung tumorigenesis.
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| 18. |
- Guan, Jikui, et al.
(författare)
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FAM150A and FAM150B are activating ligands for anaplastic lymphoma kinase
- 2015
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - Cambridge : eLife Sciences Publications. - 2050-084X. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aberrant activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has been described in a range of human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma (Hallberg and Palmer, 2013). Vertebrate ALK has been considered to be an orphan receptor and the identity of the ALK ligand(s) is a critical issue. Here we show that FAM150A and FAM150B are potent ligands for human ALK that bind to the extracellular domain of ALK and in addition to activation of wild-type ALK are able to drive 'superactivation' of activated ALK mutants from neuroblastoma. In conclusion, our data show that ALK is robustly activated by the FAM150A/B ligands and provide an opportunity to develop ALK-targeted therapies in situations where ALK is overexpressed/activated or mutated in the context of the full length receptor.
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| 19. |
- Ji, Xuemei, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of susceptibility pathways for the role of chromosome 15q25.1 in modifying lung cancer risk
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 9, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified the chromosome 15q25.1 locus as a leading susceptibility region for lung cancer. However, the pathogenic pathways, through which susceptibility SNPs within chromosome 15q25.1 affects lung cancer risk, have not been explored. We analyzed three cohorts with GWAS data consisting 42,901 individuals and lung expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data on 409 individuals to identify and validate the underlying pathways and to investigate the combined effect of genes from the identified susceptibility pathways. The KEGG neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway, two Reactome pathways, and 22 Gene Ontology terms were identified and replicated to be significantly associated with lung cancer risk, with P values less than 0.05 and FDR less than 0.1. Functional annotation of eQTL analysis results showed that the neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway and gated channel activity were involved in lung cancer risk. These pathways provide important insights for the etiology of lung cancer.
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| 20. |
- Li, Wenjie, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical removal of NOx by La0.8Sr0.2Mn1−xNixO3 electrodes in solid electrolyte cells : Role of Ni substitution
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894. ; 420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemical removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by solid electrolyte cells (SECs) is a promising technology due to no required reductant. Herein, a series of La0.8Sr0.2Mn1−xNixO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) perovskites were first synthesized and utilized as the electrode materials of SECs. The role of Ni substitution in electrode performance and NOx reduction mechanism were revealed by various experimental characterization and first-principle calculations. The results indicate that the moderate Ni substitution (x ≤ 0.3) increased the NOx conversion of electrodes while reduced the polarization resistance. The further investigation shows that this improvement was attributed to the more surface oxygen vacancies, better reducibility and higher Mn4+ proportion of the Ni-substituted perovskites. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows that these changes facilitated the NOx adsorption and dissociation processes on the electrode. According to first-principle calculations, the Ni-substituted perovskite had a lower formation energy of surface oxygen vacancy, while the NO molecule adsorbed on defect surface gained more electrons thus was easier to be reduced and dissociated. Finally, the electrode performance at different operating temperatures and the operational stability were verified.
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| 21. |
- Li, Wenjie, et al.
(författare)
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La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ-Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 as composite electrodes in symmetric solid electrolyte cells for electrochemical removal of nitric oxide
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373. ; 264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Symmetric solid electrolyte cells with La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ (LSCM)-Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) composite electrodes are employed for nitric oxide (NO) removal. The LSCM powders are synthesized and the cells with LSCM-SDC composite electrodes are fabricated successfully. The results show that moderate SDC addition in LSCM electrode improves the cell performance due to the expansion of three phase boundaries (TPBs). The electrode with 30 wt% SDC has the highest NO conversion of 69.2% and the lowest polarization resistance at 750 °C in 1000 ppm NO. The cathodic polarization activates the cathode because of the Cr/Mn ions reduction, more surface oxygen vacancies and Cr metal exsolution. The cell has good tolerances for H2O, CO2, and SO2, but excess O2 competes with NO for TPBs seriously. The sufficient stability and flexible operation mode of the cell are also proved. Finally, the NO adsorption mechanism on LSCM surface is revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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| 22. |
- Liu, Jinyang, et al.
(författare)
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Fabrication of Graphene Nanomesh and Improved Chemical Enhancement for Raman Spectroscopy
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 116:29, s. 15741-15746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a new approach to fabricate the graphene nanomesh through the local catalytic hydrogenation of carbon by Cu nanoparticles. It allows to tune the size and density of the holes in the nanomesh as well as the total edge length of the holes through the control of the thickness of the Cu film. The upshift of both G and 2D peaks in Raman spectra of the graphene nanomeshes indicates that the nanomesh is spontaneously p-type doped. Moreover, the split of G peak reveals that the doping is localized near the edge region of the hole in the nanomesh. Importantly, the nanomesh shows improved chemical enhancement for Raman spectra of absorbed RhB molecules as compared to the graphene. The edges in the nanomesh can enhance Raman spectroscopy via increasing both the local charge transfer and the ability to absorb RhB molecules. The results show that the graphene nanomesh has a great potential for the rapid and sensitive detection for the environmental monitoring and food security.
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| 23. |
- McKay, James D., et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale association analysis identifies new lung cancer susceptibility loci and heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility across histological subtypes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 49:7, s. 1126-1132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although several lung cancer susceptibility loci have been identified, much of the heritability for lung cancer remains unexplained. Here 14,803 cases and 12,262 controls of European descent were genotyped on the OncoArray and combined with existing data for an aggregated genomewide association study (GWAS) analysis of lung cancer in 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls. We identified 18 susceptibility loci achieving genome-wide significance, including 10 new loci. The new loci highlight the striking heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility across the histological subtypes of lung cancer, with four loci associated with lung cancer overall and six loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma. Gene expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis in 1,425 normal lung tissue samples highlights RNASET2, SECISBP2L and NRG1 as candidate genes. Other loci include genes such as a cholinergic nicotinic receptor, CHRNA2, and the telomere-related genes OFBC1 and RTEL1. Further exploration of the target genes will continue to provide new insights into the etiology of lung cancer.
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| 24. |
- Wang, Meiyang, et al.
(författare)
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Promoted photocatalytic degradation and detoxication performance for norfloxacin on Z-scheme phosphate-doped BiVO4/graphene quantum dots/P-doped g-C3N4
- 2021
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Ingår i: Separation and Purification Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1383-5866. ; 274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel kind of Z-scheme ternary heterojunctions phosphate-doped BiVO4/graphene quantum dots/P-doped g-C3N4 (BVP/GQDs/PCN) were fabricated for the visible light degradation of norfloxacin (NOR), a typical antibiotic. Compared with binary type-II heterojunction phosphate-doped BiVO4/PCN (BVP/PCN), Z-scheme BVP/GQDs/PCN exhibited promoted interfacial charge transfer efficiency and broadened visible light response range, endowing them with excellent photodegradation activity and mineralization ability in NOR degradation. A high NOR degradation rate of 86.3% with a removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) of 55.8% can be achieved over BVP/GQDs/PCN for 120 min visible light irradiation, which is an excellent performance compared with ever reported similar photocatalysts. In particular, because of the enhanced redox ability of photogenerated charges and the generation of multiple active species (eg. [rad]OH and [rad]O2−) over Z-scheme photocatalytic system, the accumulation of highly toxic degradation intermediates was greatly inhibited, and a better detoxication performance was obtained compared to PCN and BVP/PCN. This work may shed light on the inhibition of highly toxic degradation intermediates of antibiotics by regulating the charge transfer mechanism, photocatalytic active species, and the degradation pathway of antibiotics.
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| 25. |
- Wei, Linyong, et al.
(författare)
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Spatiotemporal changes of terrestrial water storage and possible causes in the closed Qaidam Basin, China using GRACE and GRACE Follow-On data
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1694. ; 598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Terrestrial water storage (TWS) is a crucial indicator of regional water balance and water resources changes. Due to limited hydrological observations, we combined the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) products using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to monitor the TWS changes from April 2002 to March 2020 over the closed Qaidam Basin in northwest China and examined the impacts of climate and meteorological changes on TWS variations. The results indicated that the LSTM model, driven by the cumulative precipitation, temperature, and Global Land Data Assimilation System datasets, was reliable for use in reconstruction of the GRACE products in the closed basin. The TWS variations featured seasonal variation characteristics and a significant upward trend at internal-annual scales, which were tested via linear statistics and a modified Mann–Kendall method. The increasing trend is likely to remain strongly sustainable in the near future with a Hurst index over 0.75 in most regions. Moreover, the TWS oscillation has a periodicity and nonlinearity increase trend of 0.43 mm/month as observed using ensemble empirical mode decomposition analysis, and the TWS components (including snow water equivalent, soil moisture, and groundwater) demonstrate discordant increasing trends in the basin. Under climate change conditions, teleconnection factors have strong impacts on TWS variability, particularly for the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index with a significant negative correlation by cross wavelet transform technology. Nonetheless, the increase in TWS is primarily influenced by precipitation increases and is more sensitive to the accumulated precipitation in this region. In this study, the GRACE products in combination with GRACE-FO data may help us to better understand the spatiotemporal characterization of TWS in Qaidam Basin, which will provide an important support for the water resource management and ecological environment protection in such data-scarce regions.
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| 26. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Energy-saving removal of methyl orange in high salinity wastewater by electrochemical oxidation via a novel Ti/SnO2-Sb anode-Air diffusion cathode system
- 2015
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Ingår i: Catalysis Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5861. ; 258, s. 156-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemical oxidation is an effective method in removal of organic pollutant from high salinity waste-water (NaCl), by producing active chlorine at anode or hydrogen peroxide at cathode. To solve the existing problems including low efficiency, high cost and energy consumption, a Ti/SnO2-Sb anode (TSSA)-air diffusion cathode (TSSA-ADC) system was investigated for methyl orange (MO) removal from NaCl solution, using single TSSA system as control. The phase composition of TSSA was examined by X-ray diffraction. Accumulated concentrations of active chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, MO removal rate, TOC, pH value were recorded at different current densities. The results indicated that Sb-doped rutile SnO2 was formed on the TSSA. The TSSA and the ADC exhibited good catalysis to chlorine evolution and oxygen reduction, respectively. Although MO were almost completely removed in both systems, higher TOC removal, shorter running time and lower energy consumption were attained in the TSSA-ADC system. pH value was more stable (6.0-6.4) in the TSSA-ADC system than that in the TSSA system (6.0-9.4), predicting its stronger capacity in anti-scaling when treating high salinity wastewater with hard ions like Ca2+ and Mg2+. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 27. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation and improvement of a novel double-working-electrode electrochemical system for organic matter treatment from high-salinity wastewater
- 2017
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Ingår i: Environmental Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3330 .- 1479-487X. ; 38:22, s. 2907-2915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The novel double-working-electrode electrochemical system with air diffusion cathode (ADC) and Ti/SnO2-Sb anode (TSSA) has shown higher efficiency and lower energy consumption for the degradation of organic pollutant from high-salinity wastewater, compared to the traditional single anode system. To further investigate and improve this system, in this work, firstly the effect of vital factors of the double-working-electrode electrochemical system including initial methyl orange (MO) concentration, NaCl concentration and initial pH value of organic solution were investigated, using MO as the targeted organic pollutant, carbon black ADC (CBAC) as cathode and stainless steel mesh electrode (SSME) as control. Besides, for the further improvement of removal performance, a novel home-made activated carbon-ADC (ACAC) was studied as cathode with the same investigation process. The results showed that, in the experiments studying the effect of both initial MO and NaCl concentrations, the removal performance was in the order of TSSA-ACAC > TSSA-CBAC > TSSA-SSME in all conditions of initial MO and NaCl concentrations. However, with the pH value reduced from 6.0 to 3.0, the performances of three systems turned to be much closer to each other. Besides, ACAC played a synergistic role in MO removal by greatly improving the MO removal performance and enhancing its adaptability to the reactor parametric variation. ACAC created a weak acidic environment for accelerating the indirect electro-oxidation of MO on TSSA. The MO degradation pathways in the three systems were the same but the TSSA-ACAC system gave a higher degradation kinetics order.
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| 28. |
- Yu, Han, et al.
(författare)
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The exploration of Ti/SnO2-Sb anode/air diffusion cathode/UV dual photoelectric catalytic coupling system for the biological harmless treatment of real antibiotic industrial wastewater
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947. ; 412
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The real antibiotic industrial wastewater with the characteristics of complex compositions, biological toxic, and degradation-resistant, is still biologically toxic to the ecosystem and human health even if the discharge standards have been met after treatment by traditional methods. Therefore, the biological harmless treatment of real antibiotic industrial wastewater is a valuable and meaningful research field. For the first time, a novel Ti/SnO2-Sb anode/air diffusion cathode/UV dual photo-electro catalysis coupling system (T-A-PE) for real antibiotic industrial wastewater treatment was investigated. Non-significant degradation was found in raw wastewater with high TOC = 2.61 × 103 mg·L−1. However, the increasing TOC removal with more dilution times indicated adaptability of T-A-PE system with lower organic matter loading. The highest 95.6% removal of TOC was obtained at 120 min, with 7.06 mA·cm−2 of current density and 200 dilution times. The high mineralization efficiency of T-A-PE system surpassed those of pure photo and electro catalysis combined, suggesting a significant synergistic effect between photo and electro catalysis. Neutral condition and current density = 7.06 mA·cm−2 are prior for pollutants mineralization, while acidic/alkaline conditions and unproper current density may cause faster side reactions. The GC–MS results demonstrated that the number of pollutant category dropped from 26 to 6 after treatment, with the concentrations of remained ones also remarkably decreased. The acute toxicity analysis using a luminescent bacteria method indicated that the treated wastewater by T-A-PE system was biological harmless.
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| 29. |
- Zhang, Ruyang, et al.
(författare)
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A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Gene-Gene Interaction Study of Lung Cancer Susceptibility in Europeans With a Trans-Ethnic Validation in Asians
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1556-0864 .- 1556-1380. ; 17:8, s. 974-990
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Although genome-wide association studies have been conducted to investigate genetic variation of lung tumorigenesis, little is known about gene-gene (G × G) interactions that may influence the risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Leveraging a total of 445,221 European-descent participants from the International Lung Cancer Consortium OncoArray project, Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung and UK Biobank, we performed a large-scale genome-wide G × G interaction study on European NSCLC risk by a series of analyses. First, we used BiForce to evaluate and rank more than 58 billion G × G interactions from 340,958 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Then, the top interactions were further tested by demographically adjusted logistic regression models. Finally, we used the selected interactions to build lung cancer screening models of NSCLC, separately, for never and ever smokers.Results: With the Bonferroni correction, we identified eight statistically significant pairs of SNPs, which predominantly appeared in the 6p21.32 and 5p15.33 regions (e.g., rs521828C6orf10 and rs204999PRRT1, ORinteraction = 1.17, p = 6.57 × 10−13; rs3135369BTNL2 and rs2858859HLA-DQA1, ORinteraction = 1.17, p = 2.43 × 10−13; rs2858859HLA-DQA1 and rs9275572HLA-DQA2, ORinteraction = 1.15, p = 2.84 × 10−13; rs2853668TERT and rs62329694CLPTM1L, ORinteraction = 0.73, p = 2.70 × 10−13). Notably, even with much genetic heterogeneity across ethnicities, three pairs of SNPs in the 6p21.32 region identified from the European-ancestry population remained significant among an Asian population from the Nanjing Medical University Global Screening Array project (rs521828C6orf10 and rs204999PRRT1, ORinteraction = 1.13, p = 0.008; rs3135369BTNL2 and rs2858859HLA-DQA1, ORinteraction = 1.11, p = 5.23 × 10−4; rs3135369BTNL2 and rs9271300HLA-DQA1, ORinteraction = 0.89, p = 0.006). The interaction-empowered polygenetic risk score that integrated classical polygenetic risk score and G × G information score was remarkable in lung cancer risk stratification.Conclusions: Important G × G interactions were identified and enriched in the 5p15.33 and 6p21.32 regions, which may enhance lung cancer screening models.
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| 30. |
- Zhang, Ting, et al.
(författare)
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Radical and non-radical cooperative degradation in metal-free electro-Fenton based on nitrogen self-doped biochar
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894. ; 435
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To achieve sustainable metal-free electron-Fenton, N self-doped biochar air-cathode (BCAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing coffee residues. During the pyrolysis process, the endogenous N transformed from edge-doping to graphite-doping. Particularly, N vacancies started to evolve when the peak temperature exceeded 700 °C. A high Tetracycline removal rate of 70.42% was obtained on the BCAC at the current density of 4 mA cm−2. Quenching tests incorporated with ESR spectroscopy were adopted to identify the specific oxidants produced on the cathode. The results showed that •OH (37.36%), •O2- (29.67%) and 1O2 (24.17%) played comparable role in the tetracycline removal, suggesting the coexist of radical and non-radical oxidants in our electro-Fenton system. According to the structure characterization and the DFT calculation, graphitic N was suggested as the critical site for H2O2 generation, and both graphitic N and pyridinic N were electroactive sites for H2O2 activation to •OH. Graphitic N and N vacancies with stronger capabilities in O2 adsorption and electron-trapping were proposed as the electroactive sites for 1O2 and •O2- formation. This work predicts a novel electro-Fenton process with cooperative radical and non-radical degradation on N self-doped carbonaceous catalysts at a mild condition, which is extremely meaningful for boosting sustainable electro-Fenton technology.
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| 31. |
- Zhang, Yuang, et al.
(författare)
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A survey of memory architecture for 3D chip multi-processors
- 2014
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Ingår i: Microprocessors and microsystems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-9331 .- 1872-9436. ; 38:5, s. 415-430
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3D chip multi-processors (3D CMPs) combine the advantages of 3D integration and the parallelism of CMPs, which are emerging as active research topics in VLSI and multi-core computer architecture communities. One significant potentiality of 3D CMPs is to exploit the diversity of integration processes and high volume of vertical TSV bandwidth to mitigate the well-known "Memory Wall" problem. Meanwhile, the 3D integration techniques are under the severe thermal, manufacture yield and cost constraints. Research on 3D stacking memory hierarchy explores the high performance and power/thermal efficient memory architectures for 3D CMPs. The micro-architectures of memories can be designed in the 3D integrated circuit context and integrated into 3D CMPs. This paper surveys the design of memory architectures for 3D CMPs. We summarize current research into two categories: stacking cache-only architectures and stacking main memory architectures for 3D CMPs. The representative works are reviewed and the remaining opportunities and challenges are discussed to guide the future research in this emerging area.
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| 32. |
- Zhang, Yangfan, et al.
(författare)
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Interfacial defective Ti3+ on Ti/TiO2 as visible-light responsive sites with promoted charge transfer and photocatalytic performance
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1005-0302. ; 106, s. 139-146
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defect sites on oxide semiconductors play a crucial role in promoting photocatalytiperformance and modulating the bandgap structure of photocatalysts. However, the role of interfacial coordinatively unsaturated defect sites between metal and oxide in photocatalysis is still under debate. So, we designed an experiment to probe the role of interfacial coordinatively unsaturated defect sites. In this work, a series of Ti/TiO2 photocatalysts with varying concentrations of interfacial Ti3+ sites were prepared through an epitaxial growth method under hydrothermal conditions. Through experimental and computational investigations, the roles of interfacial defect sites were discussed in detail. On the one hand, the interfacial coordinatively unsaturated Ti3+ sites could act as visible-light-responsive sites in photocatalytic reactions due to the overlap and hybridization of multiple electronic orbitals. On the other hand, the Ti/TiO2 interface exhibited a certain degree of metallic character near the Fermi level because of the partial delocalization and redistribution of electrons, facilitating the charge migration and separation across the metal-oxide interface. Consequently, the obtained Ti/TiO2 catalysts showed notably enhanced charge transfer efficiency and visible light photocatalytic activity compared to their pristine counterparts. This work may provide a new perspective to interfacial defect engineering in classic metal/oxide heterojunction photocatalysts and figure a more precise direction to synthesize higher effective photocatalysts for environmental governance.
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| 33. |
- Zhang, Zhenzong, et al.
(författare)
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Internal electric field engineering step-scheme–based heterojunction using lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite–modified In4SnS8 for selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373. ; 313
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on improving photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) activity and modulating product selectivity. An In4SnS8/Cs3Bi2Br9-X (ISS/CBB-X) heterojunction is prepared using novel lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite quantum dot–modified In4SnS8, which shows considerable potential as photocatalysts for CRRs under visible light. The optimised ISS/CBB photocatalyst exhibits high activity and CO selectivity with a CO yield and selectivity of 9.55 μmol g−1 h−1 and 92.9%, respectively, 3.8 and 1.5 times higher than those of pristine ISS, respectively. Moreover, the step-scheme (S-scheme) mechanism can be fully confirmed via in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in situ electron spin resonance, femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Based on in situ diffuse reflectance spectra and theoretical investigations, the ISS/CBB shows a decreased energy barrier towards CO2 reduction to CO through an adsorbed ⁕COOH intermediate. This study contributes to the further understanding of fabricating efficient S-scheme-based photocatalysts for selective CRR.
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| 34. |
- Zhang, Zhenzong, et al.
(författare)
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Unveiling the role of Ag-Sb bimetallic S-scheme heterojunction for vis-NIR-light driven selective photoreduction CO2 to CH4
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373. ; 319
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction of interfacial engineered heterojunctions is an effective strategy to broaden the optical response and facilitate charge separation. Herein, a novel 0D/1D Ag2S/Sb2S3 heterojunction is prepared by in-situ growth of Ag2S quantum dots on Sb2S3 nanorods using a simple hydrothermal approach. The 10% Ag2S/Sb2S3 (10AS) heterojunction exhibited efficient CO2 photoreduction activity with a CH4 yield of 6.75 µmol g−1 h−1, which is six times higher than that of pure Sb2S3 NTs. The CH4 selectivity of the 10AS heterojunction reach 96.1%, owing to the construction of dual-metal sites. Intriguingly, the composite photocatalyst could be extended to infrared light, leading to the full utilization of the incident light. In the 10AS heterojunction, the formation of Ag-S-Sb type covalent bonds is demonstrated by Raman and XAFS tests. The pathways of CO2 conversion to CH4 are discussed in detail. Therefore, the work provides a promising strategy for highly selective and efficient CO2 photoreduction.
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| 35. |
- Zhu, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated Platelet Count Appears to Be Causally Associated with Increased Risk of Lung Cancer : A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 28:5, s. 935-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Platelets are a critical element in coagulation and inflammation, and activated platelets are linked to cancer risk through diverse mechanisms. However, a causal relationship between platelets and risk of lung cancer remains unclear. Methods: We performed single and combined multiple instrumental variable Mendelian randomization analysis by an inverse-weighted method, in addition to a series of sensitivity analyses. Summary data for associations between SNPs and platelet count are from a recent publication that included 48,666 Caucasian Europeans, and the International Lung Cancer Consortium and Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung data consisting of 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls to analyze associations between candidate SNPs and lung cancer risk. Results: Multiple instrumental variable analysis incorporating six SNPs showed a 62% increased risk of overall nonsmall cell lung cancer [NSCLC; OR, 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-2.27; P = 0.005] and a 200% increased risk for small-cell lung cancer (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.27-7.06; P = 0.01). Results showed only a trending association with NSCLC histologic subtypes, which may be due to insufficient sample size and/or weak effect size. A series of sensitivity analysis retained these findings. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal relationship between elevated platelet count and increased risk of lung cancer and provide evidence of possible antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention. Impact: These findings provide a better understanding of lung cancer etiology and potential evidence for antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention.
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| 36. |
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松花江流域水生态功能分区研究
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This monograph is based on the results of the national water pollution control and management technology major special projects “Research on Primary and Secondary Zoning of Songhua River Basin Aqua-Ecological Functions” (Project No: 2008ZX07526-002-01) and “Research on Third and Fourth Zoning of Songhua River Basin Aqua-Ecological Functions ” ( Project No: 2012ZX07501002-01). The outcomes of this research include data and field material for more than ten years. The book Aqua- ecologic Functional Zoning of Songhua River Basin introduces aqua-ecologic functional zoning in Songhua River Basin in a systematic way in ten Chapters. It treats the Songhua River Basin as a complete ecosystem and aims at overall aqua-ecological health and aquaecology conservation and recovery. Based on introduction of concept and in- depth contents of aqua-ecologic zoning, the book provides a deep analysis on ecologic evolution process, mechanism and driven force by combined natural forces and human factors from a multi-angle, multi-level perspective. It also studies on the interactions between ecosystems and ecological processes and their spatial variation and distribution patterns and characteristics. The main focuses are on the natural environment, spatial heterogeneity of social and economic characteristics and relationships between terrestrial ecosystem with aquatic ecosystem; the spatial and temporal evolution mechanisms of water resources, aqua-environment, macrobenthos, aquatic plants, fish and algae, etc, and their respective driving factors. Finally, an indexing system of aqua-ecologic zoning isestablished with a four-class procedure which involves the ability of function authentication.This book can be used by environmental managers and scientists in environmental protection, ecology, water conservancy, agriculture, forestry, land resources and planning and other relevant sectors. It can also be used at institutions or universities in subjects such as biology, ecology, systematics,environmental science, environment engineering, hydrology and water resources and watershed planning and management as reference. Meanwhile, the book provides important basis for decision- making at the Songhua River Basin governmental agencies such as environment, watershed management, policy and regulation making and the targeted ecological protection.
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| 37. |
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松花江流域水生态功能分区研究 : 应用手册
- 2017
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The book "Aqua-ecologic Functional Zoning of Songhua River Basin: Application Manual" introduces the technical methodology and detailed application instructions for aqua-ecologic functional zoning in Songhua River Basin in a systematic way in nine Chapters. Based on a general introduction of concept and in-depth contents of aqua-ecologic zoning and its methodology, this application manual addresses mainly the theoretical foundation, the naming and the coding rules as well as the technical schemes of the four zoning system for the river basin. It then provides a basin wide, detailed application instruction for each of the four zoning systems together with the river-reach based aqua-ecologic functional zoning. With detailed technical instructions, this application manual strives to increase the usefulness of the previous research outcome. This book can be used by environmental managers and scientists in environmental protection, ecology, water conservancy, agriculture, forestry, land resources and planning and other relevant sectors. It can also be used at institutions or universities in subjects such as biology, ecology, systematics, environmental science, environment engineering, hydrology and water resources and watershed planning and management as reference. Meanwhile, the book provides important basis for decision-making at the Songhua River Basin governmental agencies such as environment, watershed management, policy and regulation making and the targeted ecological protection.River basin based water resources management, and further, the achievement of sustainable development in water resources management are premise for successful river basin management. The structures and the functions of aqua-ecologic system within a river basin vary constantly in line with changing environmental and structural patterns of the basin. Through aqua-ecological zoning system will let us gain better understanding of aqua-ecology status and its evolution mechanism, and further, achieve efficient utilization of water resources and at same time, maintain sufficient protection for the ecological system.As one of the seven largest river basins in China, the Songhua River Basin is of vital importance for the economic restoration and re-development for the entire Northeast region of China. The Songhua River Basin is also playing a strategic role in aqua-environmental aspects since it is the main tributary of the Sino-Russian border river Heilong River.The Songhua River Basin belongs temperate and boreal watershed. It contains the wide spread boreal pine forests in northern part of Greater Khingan Mountain; temperate mixed forest in Minor Khingan Mountain and Changbai Mountain; meadow steppe marsh and swamp in floodplain areas; contributing to unique, large scale vegetation landscape. This vast area also builds up a major base for the country’s livestock and forestry as well as modern agriculture. Compared to other rivers in China, this basin is enjoying less pollution with apparent and complex regional characteristics. However, with the rapid urbanization, industrial development and modernization of agriculture, the ecological and environmental stresses are constantly increasing and the challenges are getting more serious. The development of aqua-ecological zoning system will provide deeper research on aqua-ecological properties and corresponding management technologies. This will contribute to a holistic and effective protection and management of aqua-environment, leading to a healthy and sound ecological development for the future.The book is divided into nine chapters with a general outlook as the first part. The first Chapter introduces the basic characteristics of the natural and physical environment; the land use and the socio-economic properties within the basin with an analysis of their differentiation pattern. Chapter II introduces in a first step, the concept of river basin aqua-ecologic functional zoning; basic characteristics compared to existing function zones. In the second step, it explains the fours stage zoning system, the principle, the procedure and the technical methods. Chapter III introduces the details for each stage, the zoning foundation; the purpose and the principle. Chapter IV explains the naming convention and the coding protocol for all the stages respectively. Chapter V summarizes the technical protocols for each of the zoning stage. The following four chapter devote to detailed information of the location and distribution; river basin property; land information and its protection objectives for each stage. Chapter VI introduces the technical specification for the first stage zoning. Chapter VII introduces the technical specification for the second stage zoning. Chapter VIII introduces the technical specification for the third and fourth stage zoning. Chapter IV devotes to the specification for the ecological system analysis based on each river reach.Chapter I is written by Qixing Zhou, Hongbing Yu, Liyan Zheng, Minghui Chen, Daguang Sun, Chunli Kang, Li Yu, Xia Wang, Fengxiang Li and Derong Wang. Chapter II is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Qixing Zhou, Zengzhi Yu. Chapter III is written by Hongbing Yu, Liyan Zheng, Linus Zhang and Han Yu. Chapter VI is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Zengzhi Yu, Shengqiang Wang, Yong Li, Meng Xin, Zhaoyu Qi, Jinxing Li, Chapter V is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Qixing Zhou, Zifu Tian, Jie Yuan, Feng Zhao, Hui Zhang, Wenge Zhao, Xiaoyin Sun, Yanbing Zhao. Chapter VI is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Qixing Zhou, Xiaoyin Sun, Fengxiang Li. Chapter VII is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Qixing Zhou, Zengzhi Yu, Xiaoyin Sun. Chapter VIII is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Zengzhi Yu, Linus Zhang, Han Yu. Chapter IV is written by Liyan Zheng, Hongbing Yu, Zengzhi Yu, Linus Zhang, Han Yu.This book is based on the results of the national water pollution control and management technology major special projects "Research on Primary and Secondary Zoning of Songhua River Basin Aqua-Ecological Functions" (Project No: 2008ZX07526-002-01) and "Research on Third and Fourth Zoning of Songhua River Basin Aqua-Ecological Functions" (Project No: 2012ZX07501002-01). With the outcomes of this research data and field material for more than ten years, we strive to provide a handy manual in combining theory and practice in sufficient details. The book has got enthusiastic support and guidance from Professor Yuan Jiang and Yuan Zhang, which is greatly acknowledged.
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