| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Zhang, Shunming, et al.
(författare)
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Added sugar intake and its forms and sources in relation to risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease : results from the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 129:12, s. 2094-2101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been suggested that added sugar intake is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, previous studies only focused on sugar-sweetened beverages; the evidence for associations with total added sugars and their sources is scarce. This study aimed to examine the associations of total added sugars, their physical forms (liquid vs. solid), and food sources with risk of NAFLD among adults in Tianjin, China. We used data from 15,538 participants, free of NAFLD, other liver diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, or diabetes at baseline (2013-2018 years). Added sugar intake was estimated from a validated 100-item food frequency questionnaire. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography after exclusion of other causes of liver diseases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to calculate hazards ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD risk with added sugar intake. During a median follow-up of 4.2 years, 3,476 incident NAFLD cases were documented. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index and its change from baseline to follow-up, lifestyle factors, personal and family medical history, and overall diet quality, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of NAFLD risk were 1.18 (1.06, 1.32) for total added sugars, 1.20 (1.08, 1.33) for liquid added sugars, and 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) for solid added sugars when comparing the highest quartiles of intake with the lowest quartiles of intake. In this prospective cohort of Chinese adults, higher intakes of total added sugars and liquid added sugars, but not solid added sugars, were associated with a higher risk of NAFLD.
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| 3. |
- Gu, Yeqing, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of ultraprocessed food and development of chronic kidney disease : the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health and UK Biobank Cohort Studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 1938-3207 .- 0002-9165. ; 117:2, s. 373-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMany ultraprocessed food (UPF)-derived by-products may play a role in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although several studies have assessed the association of UPFs with kidney function decline or CKD in various countries, no evidence has been shown in China and the United Kingdom.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and risk of CKD in 2 large cohort studies from China and the United Kingdom.MethodsIn total, 23,775 and 102,332 participants without baseline CKD were enrolled in the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) and UK Biobank cohort studies, respectively. Information on UPF consumption was obtained from a validated food frequency questionnaire in the TCLSIH and 24-h dietary recalls in the UK Biobank cohort. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 4.0 and 10.1 y, the incidence rates of CKD were around 1.1% and 1.7% in the TCLSIH and UK Biobank cohorts, respectively. The multivariable hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of CKD across increasing quartiles (quartiles 1–4) of UPF consumption were 1 (reference), 1.24 (0.89, 1.72), 1.30 (0.91, 1.87), and 1.58 (1.07, 2.34) (P for trend = 0.02) in the TCLSIH cohort and 1 (reference), 1.14 (1.00, 1.31), 1.16 (1.01, 1.33), and 1.25 (1.09, 1.43) (P for trend < 0.01) in the UK Biobank cohort, respectively.ConclusionsOur finding indicated that higher UPF consumption is associated with a higher risk of CKD. Moreover, restricting UPF consumption may potentially benefit the prevention of CKD. Further clinical trials are required to clarify the causality.
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| 4. |
- Li, Huiping, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Ultra-Processed Food Intake with Cardiovascular And Respiratory Disease Multimorbidity : A Prospective Cohort Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. - : Wiley. - 1613-4133 .- 1613-4125. ; 67:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SCOPE: Evidence suggests a positive association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate associations between UPF intake and respiratory disease, CVD, and their multimorbidity in a large prospective cohort.METHODS AND RESULTS: Within the UK Biobank, participants who were free from respiratory disease or CVD at baseline and completed at least two times 24-h dietary records were included in this study. After adjusting for socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for each ten percent increase in UPF were 1.06 (1.04, 1.09) for CVD, 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) for respiratory disease, 1.15 (1.08, 1.22) for CVD mortality, and 1.06 (1.01, 1.12) for their multimorbidity, respectively. In addition, replacing 20% of UPF weight in diet with an equivalent proportion of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was estimated to be associated with 11% lower risk of CVD, 7% lower risk of respiratory disease, 25% lower risk of CVD mortality and 11% lower risk of CVD and respiratory disease multimorbidity.CONCLUSION: In this prospective cohort study, higher consumption of UPF was associated with higher risks of CVD and respiratory disease multimorbidity. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Li, Huiping, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Ultraprocessed Food Consumption With Risk of Dementia : A Prospective Cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 99:10, s. 1056-1066
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There has been a growing body of evidence associating consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) with adverse health outcomes including depression, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality. However, whether UPF are associated with dementia is unknown. The authors investigated the associations between UPF and dementia incidence in UK biobank.METHODS: We included 72,083 participants (55 years or older) who were free from dementia at baseline and provided at least two times 24-h dietary assessments from the UK Biobank study. Follow-up occurred through March 2021. UPF were defined according to the NOVA classification. Incident all-cause dementia comprising Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia was ascertained through electronic linkages to hospital and mortality records. Cox proportional hazards were used to estimate the association between the proportion (%) of UPF in the diet and the subsequent risk of dementia. In addition, substitution analysis was used to estimate the risk of dementia when substituting UPF with an equivalent proportion of unprocessed or minimally processed foods.RESULTS: During a total of 717,333 person-years of follow-up (median 10.0 years), 518 participants developed dementia, of which 287 developed Alzheimer's disease and 119 developed vascular dementia. In the fully adjusted model, consumption of UPF was associated with higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio (HR) for 10% increase in UPF: 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.37), Alzheimer's disease (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.30) and vascular dementia (HR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.55), respectively. In addition, replacing 10% of UPF weight in diet with an equivalent proportion of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was estimated to be associated with a 19% lower risk of dementia (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.89).CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective cohort study, higher consumption of UPF was associated with higher risk of dementia, while substituting unpr2ocessed or minimally processed foods for UPF was associated lower risk of dementia.
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| 6. |
- Ma, Yue, et al.
(författare)
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Acid suppressants use and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults
- 2022
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 358, s. 47-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Concerns regarding adverse events associated with the use of acid suppressants have increased. However, the impact of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine‐2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) on the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the risk of ASCVD in association with the use of PPIs and H2RAs. Methods: This prospective cohort study included participants without cardiovascular diseases or anti-hypertensive treatment at baseline (2006–2010) in the UK Biobank. The outcomes were ASCVD and each subtype (coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, and ischemic stroke). The association was estimated by Cox proportional-hazards models. Results: Among 316,730 individuals (aged 50–88 years), during a median of 12.5 years of follow-up, we documented 13,503 (4.3%) incident ASCVD. Regular PPIs use was associated with a higher risk of ASCVD (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.23) and every subtype of ASCVD. Among each type of PPIs, omeprazole (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.11–1.28), lansoprazole (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02–1.22), and pantoprazole (HR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.00–1.97) were associated with a higher risk of ASCVD. Stratification analysis showed that PPIs use was associated with a higher risk of ASCVD among individuals without indications of medications for PPIs. In addition, use of H2RAs was not related to the risk of ASCVD (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.85–1.11). Conclusions: PPIs were associated with increased risk of ASCVD, particularly amongst participants without indications for medication. Our findings are of important practical significance and suggest that clinicians should be cautious in prophylactic use of PPIs.
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| 7. |
- Ma, Yue, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of psychotropics on the risk of COVID-19 in middle-aged and older adults
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-977X. ; 66, s. 67-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Older adults have been markedly impacted by the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, and many reports have cited concerns regarding potential psychiatric sequelae of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but the actual effects of psychotropics on the COVID-19 are unclear. In this study, multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between the prescription of psychotropics and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and COVID-19-related death among the participants who were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) before October 18, 2021, in UK Biobank. The psychotropics included 18 types of medications. Among 168,173 participants who underwent testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, 30,577 (18.2%) were positive, and 14,284 (8.5%) participants used psychotropics. Among 30,577 participants who were infected with SARS-CoV-2, 1,181 (3.9%) were COVID-19-related deaths, and 2,542 (8.3%) participants used psychotropics. In multivariate logistic regression, psychotropics use was significantly associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–0.98), and COVID-19-related death (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.98). Interestingly, the use of diazepam was significantly associated with a 31% lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53–0.88). The use of sertraline was significantly associated with a 89% lower risk of COVID-19-related death (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02–0.39). In conclusion, our findings suggested that the use of psychotropics was associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related deaths.
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| 8. |
- Xiong, Jiantuan, et al.
(författare)
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Hypermethylation of endoplasmic reticulum disulfide oxidase 1α leads to trophoblast cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress in preeclampsia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0730-2312 .- 1097-4644. ; 119:10, s. 8588-8599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abnormal trophoblast cell apoptosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-related disorders including preeclampsia (PE), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been considered as a novel pathway in the regulation of cell apoptosis. In this study, we observed that both apoptosis and ER stress are triggered in trophoblast cells under hypoxia as well as in the placenta of PE rats. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of endoplasmic reticulum disulfide oxidase 1α (ERO1α) is suppressed in trophoblast cells under hypoxia due to the hypermethylation of the ERO1α promoter region, and the inhibition of ERO1α expression plays an important role in ER stress and trophoblast cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is a key methyltransferase for DNA methylation in the regulation of ERO1α expression, and the binding level of DNMT1 to the ERO1α promoter is markedly elevated under hypoxia although DNMT1 expression is inhibited by hypoxia, suggesting that the binding level of DNMT1 to the ERO1α promoter region rather than the DNMT1 expression level contributes to the hypermethylation of ERO1α. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the hypermethylation of ERO1α mediated by increased binding of DNMT1 to the ERO1α promoter leads to trophoblast cell apoptosis through ER stress in the placenta of PE rats, which shed insight into the etiology of PE and might present a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of PE.
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| 9. |
- Yang, Anning, et al.
(författare)
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Homocysteine accelerates hepatocyte autophagy by upregulating TFEB via DNMT3b-mediated DNA hypomethylation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. - : China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.. - 1672-9145. ; 55:8, s. 1184-1192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autophagy plays a critical role in the physiology and pathophysiology of hepatocytes. High level of homocysteine (Hcy) promotes autophagy in hepatocytes, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, we investigate the relationship between Hcy-induced autophagy level and the expression of nuclear transcription factor EB (TFEB). The results show that Hcy-induced autophagy level is mediated by upregulation of TFEB. Silencing of TFEB decreases the level of autophagy-related protein LC3BII/I and increases p62 expression level in hepatocytes after exposure to Hcy. Moreover, the effect of Hcy on the expression of TFEB is regulated by hypomethylation of the TFEB promoter catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b). In summary, this study shows that Hcy can activate autophagy by inhibiting DNMT3b-mediated DNA methylation and upregulating TFEB expression. These findings provide another new mechanism for Hcy-induced autophagy in hepatocytes.
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| 10. |
- Zhou, Lihui, et al.
(författare)
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Association of impaired lung function with dementia, and brain magnetic resonance imaging indices : a large population-based longitudinal study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1468-2834 .- 0002-0729. ; 51:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to examine the association between different patterns of impaired lung function with the incident risk of dementia and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based brain structural features. METHODS: in UK Biobank, a total of 308,534 dementia-free participants with valid lung function measures (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1] and forced vital capacity [FVC]) were included. Association was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Furthermore, the association between impaired lung function and brain MRI biomarkers related to cognitive function was analysed among 30,159 participants. RESULTS: during a median follow-up of 12.6 years, 3,607 incident all-cause dementia cases were recorded. Restrictive impairment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-1.60) and obstructive impairment (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.15-1.42) were associated with higher risk of all-cause dementia. The restricted cubic splines indicated FEV1% predicted and FVC % predicted had reversed J-shaped associations with dementia. Participants with impaired lung function have higher risks of all-cause dementia across all apolipoprotein E (APOE) risk categories, whereas associations were stronger among those of low APOE risk (P for interaction = 0.034). In addition, restrictive and obstructive impairment were linked to lower total (β: -0.075, SE: 0.021, Pfdr = 0.002; β: -0.033, SE: 0.017, Pfdr = 0.069) and frontoparietal grey matter volumes, higher white matter hyperintensity, poorer white matter integrity, lower hippocampus (β: -0.066, SE: 0.024, Pfdr = 0.017; β: -0.051, SE: 0.019, Pfdr = 0.019) and other subcortical volumes. CONCLUSIONS: participants with restrictive and obstructive impairments had a higher risk of dementia. Brain MRI indices further supported adverse effects and provided insight into potential pathophysiology biomarkers.
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| 11. |
- Chen, Hongxia, et al.
(författare)
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PRL2 Phosphatase Promotes Oncogenic KIT Signaling in Leukemia Cells through Modulating CBL Phosphorylation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer Research. - 1541-7786. ; 22:1, s. 94-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is frequently activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While high PRL2 (PTP4A2) expression is correlated with activation of SCF/KIT signaling in AML, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We discovered that inhibition of PRL2 significantly reduces the burden of oncogenic KIT-driven leukemia and extends leukemic mice survival. PRL2 enhances oncogenic KIT signaling in leukemia cells, promoting their proliferation and survival. We found that PRL2 dephosphorylates CBL at tyrosine 371 and inhibits its activity toward KIT, leading to decreased KIT ubiquitination and enhanced AKT and ERK signaling in leukemia cells.
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| 12. |
- Fu, Jiahong, et al.
(författare)
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Heat transfer and field synergy characteristics in a rectangular unit channel under mechanical vibration
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0735-1933. ; 136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The internal heat exchangers of a vehicle in driving are excited by forced vibration due to road bumps. But the effect of this phenomenon on the thermal-hydraulic performance of the heat exchanger has not been systematically studied. To investigate the influence of this vibration on the heat transfer characteristics, a numerical model of the rectangular heat exchanger unit channel under vibration excitation was established and verified by experiments. It is found that compared to frequency, amplitude of vibration has a greater effect in enhancing heat transfer but when it is more than 4 mm, which leads to a rapid increase in the friction factor f. An index (j/js)/(f/fs) and a thermal-vibration performance factor (TVPF) considering the frequency and amplitude are proposed to evaluate the effect of vibration on the heat transfer, and it is indicated that for real vehicle operation, an amplitude of 2 mm and frequency of 25 Hz can effectively enhance heat transfer. Besides, it was found that the velocity gradient field perpendicular to the main flow direction caused by vibration synergizes with the temperature gradient field. This work is meaningful and of significance to the practical design of the actual heat exchangers in the automotive application.
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| 13. |
- Huang, Huiping, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Joint DOA Estimation and Distorted Sensor Detection Under Entangled Low-Rank and Row-Sparse Constraints
- 2024
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Ingår i: ICASSP, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - Proceedings. - 1520-6149. ; , s. 12851-12855
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of joint direction-of-arrival estimation and distorted sensor detection has received a lot of attention in recent decades. Most state-of-the-art work formulated such a problem via low-rank and row-sparse decomposition, where the low-rank and row-sparse components were treated in an isolated manner. Such a formulation results in a performance loss. Differently, in this paper, we entangle the low-rank and row-sparse components by exploring their inherent connection. Furthermore, we take into account the maximal distortion level of the sensors. An alternating optimization scheme is proposed to solve the low-rank component and the sparse component, where a closed-form solution is derived for the low-rank component and a quadratic programming is developed for the sparse component. Numerical results exhibit the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
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| 14. |
- Li, Huiping, et al.
(författare)
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Association of comprehensive mental health with incident cardiovascular disease : A prospective cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327. ; 298, s. 388-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Evidence is limited regarding the impact of comprehensive mental health on the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of mental health status with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the UK Biobank.METHODS: This prospective study included 339,616 participants aged 40 to 69 years who were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and were followed up to 2020, without CVD at baseline. A mental health score was created using information about depressive symptoms, anxiety, loneliness, and neuroticism. Cardiovascular disease events ascertained through hospital inpatient. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals across mental health score.RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 11.3 years (3.7 million person-years), we documented 22,688 CVD cases including 18,460 CHD cases and 5,070 stroke cases (some individuals were diagnosed as having both CHD and stroke). A statistically significantly increased risk of incident CVD was observed for the four mental factors individually, with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.03 to 1.44. The composite score of such four mental factors was also positively associated with CVD risk in a dose-response manner, with the highest scores associated with a 1.56-fold (95% confidence interval 1.47 to 1.65), 1.61-fold (1.51 to 1.72), and 1.44-fold (1.25 to 1.67) higher CVD, CHD, and stroke risk, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective study, poor mental health status was associated with an increased risk of CVD. Our results highlight the importance to jointly investigate the mental health factors in relation to the risk of CVD.
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| 15. |
- Song, Lu, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of risk factors for Parkinson's disease, coronary events and ischemic stroke
- 2022
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Ingår i: npj Parkinson's Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2373-8057. ; 8, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cardiovascular disease share many important risk factors, but some associations differ. However, there are no studies that have compared their shared and specific risk factors. The present study aimed to compare risk factors for PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke. We prospectively analyzed data from 26,210 participants with lifestyle factors aged 45–73 years enrolled between 1991 and 1996. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke in relation to each factor. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the HR strength of the three outcomes. A total of 486 incident PD cases, 3288 coronary events cases and 2,972 ischemic stroke cases occurred during a mean follow-up of 21 years. In multivariable models, age (per additional year: HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.09), diabetes (HR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.26), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (per SD increase: HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.19), and fasting blood glucose (per SD increase: HR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.36) are the risk factors for PD, whereas female sex (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.67), smoking (current smoker [HR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.74] and former smoker [HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.99]), HDL (per SD increase: HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95), and LDL (per SD increase: HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) are the protective factors. A comparison of risk factors for PD, coronary events, and ischemic stroke showed the three outcomes had concordant and discordant risk factors. Our results indicated the risk factor profiles for PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke had many similarities, but also significant differences.
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| 16. |
- Zhang, Chenyu, et al.
(författare)
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Dominant duct azimuthal acoustic mode detection considering failed wall-installed microphones with amplitude or phase measurement biases
- 2024
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Ingår i: Applied Acoustics. - 0003-682X .- 1872-910X. ; 225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reliable duct mode detection results are essential for aero-engine health condition monitoring and low-noise design. Harsh aero-engine measurement environments may cause biases in amplitude and phase measurements due to the failure of wall-mounted microphones, which will decrease the performance of advanced sparse representation algorithms for duct mode detection. In this paper, two strategies to detect the duct mode with the failed microphones are proposed. An optimization problem is constructed considering the low-rankness of theoretical array measurement and row-sparsity of the failed microphone measurements. The Strategy 1 is based on the recovery of the theoretical array measurement. The recovered array measurement can be further used to detect the duct mode via the sparsity-induced duct mode detection algorithm (generalized minimax-concave penalty in this paper). With the simulation, the Strategy 1 can not recover the theoretical array measurement completely. The Strategy 2 is based on the removal of the failed microphone measurements. With the simulation and experiment, it turns out that the Strategy 2 can detect the interested mode accurately.
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| 17. |
- Zhang, Shunming, et al.
(författare)
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Milk intake, lactase persistence genotype, plasma proteins and risks of cardiovascular events in the Swedish general population
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 38:2, s. 211-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the associations of milk intake (non-fermented and fermented milk), lactase persistence (LCT-13910 C/T) genotype (a proxy for long-term non-fermented milk intake), and gene-milk interaction with risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. Also, to identify the CVD-related plasma proteins and lipoprotein subfractions associated with milk intake and LCT-13910 C/T genotype. The prospective cohort study included 20,499 participants who were followed up for a mean of 21 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a modified diet history method. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, higher non-fermented milk intake was significantly associated with higher risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) and CVD mortality, whereas higher fermented milk intake was significantly associated with lower risks of CVD and CVD mortality. The genotype associated with higher milk (mainly non-fermented) intake was positively associated with CHD (CT/TT vs. CC HR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.55) and CVD (HR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.42). The association between rs4988235 genotype and CVD mortality was stronger in participants with higher milk intake than among participants with lower intake (P for interaction < 0.05). Furthermore, leptin, HDL, and large HDL were associated with non-fermented milk intake, while no plasma proteins or lipoprotein subfractions associated with fermented milk intake and LCT-13910 C/T genotype were identified. In conclusion, non-fermented milk intake was associated with higher risks of CHD and CVD mortality, as well as leptin and HDL, whereas fermented milk intake was associated with lower risks of CVD and CVD mortality.
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| 18. |
- Zhou, Lihui, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of ultra-processed food intake on the risk of COVID-19 : a prospective cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 62:1, s. 275-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Nutrition plays a key role in supporting the human immune system and reducing the risk of infections. However, there is limited evidence exploring the relationship between diet and the risk of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the associations between consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and COVID-19 risk. Methods: In total, 41,012 participants from the UK Biobank study with at least 2 of up to 5 times 24-h dietary assessments were included in this study. Dietary intakes were collected using an online 24-h dietary recall questionnaire and food items were categorized according to their degree of processing by the NOVA classification. COVID-19 infection was defined as individuals tested COVID-19 positive or dead of COVID-19. Association between average UPF consumption (% daily gram intake) and COVID-19 infection was assessed by multivariable logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Compared to participants in the lowest quartile of UPF proportion (% daily gram intake) in the diet, participants in the 2nd, 3rd, and highest quartiles were associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 with the odds ratio (OR) value of 1.03 (95% CI: 0.94–1.13), 1.24 (95% CI: 1.13–1.36), and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.12–1.34), respectively (P for trend < 0.001), after adjusting for potential confounders. The results were robust in a series of sensitivity analyses. No interaction effect was identified between the UPF proportions and age groups, education level, body mass index, and comorbidity status. BMI mediated 13.2% of this association. Conclusion: Higher consumption of UPF was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms in such association.
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