| 1. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 2. |
- Hu, Tianyu, et al.
(författare)
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Steric hindrance induced low exciton binding energy enables low-driving-force organic solar cells
- 2024
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Ingår i: Aggregate. - 2692-4560 .- 2766-8541. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exciton binding energy (Eb) has been regarded as a critical parameter in charge separation during photovoltaic conversion. Minimizing the Eb of the photovoltaic materials can facilitate the exciton dissociation in low-driving force organic solar cells (OSCs) and thus improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE); nevertheless, diminishing the Eb with deliberate design principles remains a significant challenge. Herein, bulky side chain as steric hindrance structure was inserted into Y-series acceptors to minimize the Eb by modulating the intra- and intermolecular interaction. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that steric hindrance-induced optimal intra- and intermolecular interaction can enhance molecular polarizability, promote electronic orbital overlap between molecules, and facilitate delocalized charge transfer pathways, thereby resulting in a low Eb. The conspicuously reduced Eb obtained in Y-ChC5 with pinpoint steric hindrance modulation can minimize the detrimental effects on exciton dissociation in low-driving-force OSCs, achieving a remarkable PCE of 19.1% with over 95% internal quantum efficiency. Our study provides a new molecular design rationale to reduce the Eb.
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| 3. |
- Huang, Jinrong, et al.
(författare)
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A porcine brain-wide RNA editing landscape
- 2021
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Nature. - 2399-3642. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is an essential post-transcriptional modification. Although hundreds of thousands of RNA editing sites have been reported in mammals, brain-wide analysis of the RNA editing in the mammalian brain remains rare. Here, a genome-wide RNA-editing investigation is performed in 119 samples, representing 30 anatomically defined subregions in the pig brain. We identify a total of 682,037 A-to-I RNA editing sites of which 97% are not identified before. Within the pig brain, cerebellum and olfactory bulb are regions with most edited transcripts. The editing level of sites residing in protein-coding regions are similar across brain regions, whereas region-distinct editing is observed in repetitive sequences. Highly edited conserved recoding events in pig and human brain are found in neurotransmitter receptors, demonstrating the evolutionary importance of RNA editing in neurotransmission functions. Although potential data biases caused by age, sex or health status are not considered, this study provides a rich resource to better understand the evolutionary importance of post-transcriptional RNA editing. Huang et al performed a genome-wide RNA editing investigation in the porcine brain in which they found over 680,000 A-to-I RNA editing sites. They identified conserved recoding events between pig and human brains thus providing an extensive resource to aid our understanding of the evolutionary importance of post-transcriptional RNA editing.
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| 4. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 5. |
- Sun, Fengbo, et al.
(författare)
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1,5-Diiodocycloctane: a cyclane solvent additive that can extend the exciton diffusion length in thick film organic solar cells
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energy and Environmental Sciences. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 17:5, s. 1916-1930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The short exciton diffusion length associated with most state-of-the-art organic semiconductors used in organic solar cells (OSCs) imposes severe limits on the exciton transport in the larger donor/acceptor domains and the exciton dissociation at the interface, which hinder further improvements in the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of the thick-film devices. In this study, a new cyclane, 1,5-diiodocycloctane (DICO), was employed as a solvent additive to effectively extend the exciton LD within the bulk-heterojunction blend, which can function with the multiple photovoltaic materials system. Due to the great enhancement of molecular stacking and exclusively large domain sizes of photovoltaic materials with the assistance of the DICO additive, the trap density in devices is significantly reduced, thereby nearly doubling the LD in the thick film OSCs. Notably, the DICO-processed PM6/L8-BO-based OSC showed high thickness tolerance for the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) layer, delivering a high PCE of 19.1% in the case of a 110 nm thick film and still maintaining an excellent PCE of 17.2% in the case of a 300 nm thick film. Crucially, a noticeably increased stability of the multiple materials system was observed in the DICO-processed OSCs. These findings enrich the additive family with new cyclane systems to extend the exciton LD in thick film OSCs with high performance.
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| 6. |
- Zheng, Tianyu, et al.
(författare)
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A Singular Perturbation-based Design for the Integrated Guidance and Control
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467386821 ; , s. 4287-4292
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper considers the guidance and control problem of a flight vehicle with a seeker installed on the side of its head for avoiding the aerodynamic heating. In order to guarantee the target remaining in the seeker's sight of view, the line of sight and the attitude of the flight vehicle should be under some constraints which cause coupling between the guidance and the attitude control. Therefore, the integrated guidance and control (IGC) is necessary. We first formulate the guidance and control problem of the interceptor into an IGC problem with constraints. Then, a singular perturbation-based design approach is proposed to decompose the IGC problem into the control design of the quasi-steady-state subsystem and the boundary-layer subsystem individually. The receding horizon control is applied in the control design for the two subsystems. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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| 7. |
- Zheng, Tianyu, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of reduced astrocyte creatine kinase levels in Alzheimer's disease
- 2024
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Ingår i: Glia. - : WILEY. - 0894-1491 .- 1098-1136.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The creatine-phosphocreatine cycle serves as a crucial temporary energy buffering system in the brain, regulated by brain creatine kinase (CKB), in maintaining Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been linked to increased CKB oxidation and loss of its regulatory function, although specific pathological processes and affected cell types remain unclear. In our study, cerebral cortex samples from individuals with AD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and age-matched controls were analyzed using antibody-based methods to quantify CKB levels and assess alterations associated with disease processes. Two independently validated antibodies exclusively labeled astrocytes in the human cerebral cortex. Combining immunofluorescence (IF) and mass spectrometry (MS), we explored CKB availability in AD and DLB cases. IF and Western blot analysis demonstrated a loss of CKB immunoreactivity correlated with increased plaque load, severity of tau pathology, and Lewy body pathology. However, transcriptomics data and targeted MS demonstrated unaltered total CKB levels, suggesting posttranslational modifications (PTMs) affecting antibody binding. This aligns with altered efficiency at proteolytic cleavage sites indicated in the targeted MS experiment. These findings highlight that the proper function of astrocytes, understudied in the brain compared with neurons, is highly affected by PTMs. Reduction in ATP levels within astrocytes can disrupt ATP-dependent processes, such as the glutamate-glutamine cycle. As CKB and the creatine-phosphocreatine cycle are important in securing constant ATP availability, PTMs in CKB, and astrocyte dysfunction may disturb homeostasis, driving excitotoxicity in the AD brain. CKB and its activity could be promising biomarkers for monitoring early-stage energy deficits in AD. Brain creatine kinase (CKB) mainly expressed in strocytes in the human brain. A loss of CKB immunoreactivity correlated with increased plaque load. CKB antibody binding might be affected by posttranslational modifications. image
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