| 1. |
- Qu, Yanhua, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Ground tit genome reveals avian adaptation to living at high altitudes in the Tibetan plateau.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 4, s. 2071-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ground tit (Parus humilis) is endemic to the Tibetan plateau. It is a member of family Paridae but it was long thought to be related to the ground jays because of their morphological similarities. Here we present the ground tit's genome and re-sequence two tits and one ground jay, to clarify this controversially taxonomic status and uncover its genetic adaptations to the Tibetan plateau. Our results show that ground tit groups with two tits and it diverges from them between 7.7 and 9.9 Mya. Compared with other avian genomes, ground tit shows expansion in genes linked to energy metabolism and contractions in genes involved in immune and olfactory perception. We also found positively selected and rapidly evolving genes in hypoxia response and skeletal development. These results indicated that ground tit evolves basic strategies and 'tit-to-jay' change for coping with the life in an extreme environment.
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| 2. |
- Cao, Yuanyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Improving the surveillance and response system to achieve and maintain malaria elimination : a retrospective analysis in Jiangsu Province, China
- 2022
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Ingår i: INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY. - : Springer Nature. - 2095-5162 .- 2049-9957. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Following initiation of China's National Malaria Elimination Action Plan (NMEAP) in 2010, the '1-3-7' approach was developed and rolled out in China to facilitate the malaria elimination programme and accelerate malaria elimination. This study aims to summarize and condense these experiences through a retrospective analysis in Jiangsu Province, which could be adapted and applied in other malaria elimination settings worldwide.Methods: A retrospective analysis of imported malaria cases into China identified through an improved surveillance and response system in Jiangsu Province was carried out for the period of 2001-2020. To improve the malaria surveillance and response system, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention from the prefectures and counties in Jiangsu province conducted population-level health education to improve healthcare seeking behavior, strengthened capacity of health facilities to improve performance of malaria diagnosis and treatment, and raised the capacity of public health providers to improve implementation of the '1-3-7' approach. Categorical variables were carried out by Chi square tests with Fisher's exact correction.Results: From 2001 to 2020, a total of 9,879 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province. Since 2012, no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Jiangsu Province. However, in recent years, there has been a substantial increase of imported falciparum malaria cases. Between 2012 and 2020, an estimated 61.57 million individuals have benefited from population-level health education in Jiangsu Province. For healthcare-seeking services among the 2,423 imported malaria cases, 687 (28.4%) and 1,104 (45.6%) cases visited hospitals on the first day and the second day from symptom onset, respectively. A total of 1,502 (61.9%) cases were diagnosed on the first day at medical facilities. Jiangsu Province achieved 100%, 99.4% and 98.3% completion rate in terms of case detection and notification (within one day), case investigation (within three days) and foci response and disposition (within seven days), respectively. The improved surveillance and response system in Jiangsu Province plays an important role in preventing the re-introduction of malaria and maintaining the malaria-free status.Conclusions: Jiangsu Province has maintained its malaria-free status since 2012. The continuous improvement of a surveillance and response system plays an important role in the early detection and rapid response of potential malaria-related outbreaks in Jiangsu, China, and has important lessons for other malaria eliminating settings. Remaining vigilant in the detection of imported malaria cases and maintaining an active surveillance and response system is critical to sustain the success of malaria elimination.
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| 3. |
- Duan, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric mercury pollution in the xi’an area, china, studied by differential absorption lidar
- 2021
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Ingår i: Atmosphere. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4433. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of the atmospheric concentration of polluting atomic mercury were performed using the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique in the Lintong district, about 35 km northeast of Xi’an, the capital of the Shaanxi province, China. Concentrations ranging from 2 to 13 ng/m3 were observed. As uniquely enabled by the lidar technique, representative average concentrations, integrated over a considerable volume, were recorded and put in relation to weather conditions, and vertical concentration profiles were measured. Considerable local non-uniformities were also observed, which may indicate the presence of localized hot-spots in the area, possibly related to ancient tombs.
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| 4. |
- Duan, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
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Optical characterization of Chinese hybrid rice using laser-induced fluorescence techniques—laboratory and remote-sensing measurements
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X. ; 57:13, s. 3481-3487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chinese hybrid rice of different varieties, growing in paddies in the Pingqiao district, north of Xinyang city, Henan province, China, was studied in detailed spectroscopic characteristics using laser-induced fluorescence. The base for the studies was the new South China Normal University mobile lidar laboratory, which was dispatched on site, providing facilities both for laboratory studies using a 405 nm excitation source as well as remote sensing measurements at ranges from around 40 m–120 m, mostly employing the 532 nm output from a Nd:YAG laser. We, in particular, studied the spectral influence of the species varieties as well as the level of nitrogen fertilization supplied. Specially developed contrast functions as well as multivariate techniques with principal components and Fisher’s discriminate analyses were applied, and useful characterization of the rice could be achieved. The chlorophyll content mapping of the 30 zones was obtained with the remote sensing measurements.
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| 5. |
- Hudson, Thomas J., et al.
(författare)
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International network of cancer genome projects
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 464:7291, s. 993-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was launched to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies in tumours from 50 different cancer types and/or subtypes that are of clinical and societal importance across the globe. Systematic studies of more than 25,000 cancer genomes at the genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic levels will reveal the repertoire of oncogenic mutations, uncover traces of the mutagenic influences, define clinically relevant subtypes for prognosis and therapeutic management, and enable the development of new cancer therapies.
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| 6. |
- Lian, Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Lidar mapping of atmospheric atomic mercury in the Wanshan area, China
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491. ; 240, s. 353-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel mobile laser radar system was used for mapping gaseous atomic mercury (Hg0) atmospheric pollution in the Wanshan district, south of Tongren City, Guizhou Province, China. This area is heavily impacted by legacy mercury from now abandoned mining activities. Differential absorption lidar measurements were supplemented by localized point monitoring using a Lumex RA-915M Zeeman modulation mercury analyzer. Range-resolved concentration measurements in different directions were performed. Concentrations in the lower atmospheric layers often exceeded levels of 100 ng/m3 for March conditions with temperature ranging from 5 °C to 20 °C. A flux measurement of Hg0 over a vertical cross section of 0.12 km2 resulted in about 29 g/h. Vertical lidar sounding at night revealed quickly falling Hg0 concentrations with height. This is the first lidar mapping demonstration in a heavily mercury-polluted area in China, illustrating the lidar potential in complementing point monitors.
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| 7. |
- Lu, Junchen, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring of flying insects using a dual-wavelength CW lidar system
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, ACP 2019 - Proceedings. - 2162-108X. - 9781943580705 ; 2019-November
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A dual-wavelength continuous-wave lidar based on the Scheimpflug principle was employed to study the diurnal insect activity above a lake in South China. Insect numbers, wingbeat frequencies and reflectance sensitivity to different wavelengths were investigated.
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| 8. |
- Min, Jinkun, et al.
(författare)
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An experimental study on steam explosion of a small melt jet falling into a water pool
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Engineering and Design. - : Elsevier BV. - 0029-5493 .- 1872-759X. ; 391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To address the mechanisms and influential factors of steam explosions which may occur during severe accidents in a nuclear power plant (NPP), the VULCAN apparatus is designed and built to investigate the characteristics of a steam explosion when molten material falls into a water pool. The test facility is composed of a high-speed measurement system and an induction furnace which enables preparation and delivery a small melt jet at temperature up to 1500 degrees C. In the first campaign of tests, tin is employed as the simulant of melt material, and the steam explosion process and pressure signals of a small molten tin jet falling into a deep water pool are recorded by a high-speed camera and a high-frequency pressure sensor, respectively. Debris particles from part test are collected and sieved for analysis of morphology and size distribution of the particles. Multiple occur-rences of steam explosion are observed during the traveling of the melt jet into the water pool, with several cycles of expansion-contraction in each occurrence of steam explosion. The time interval between two occurrences is around 80 ms and between two cycles is around 4 ms. For the melt mass ranging from 20 to 140 g in the present study, it is found that the number of steam explosion occurrences increases with the melt mass. Both the pressure impulse and the conversion ratio of steam explosion increase with melt mass. However, the pressure impulse and conversion ratio do not have a monotonic relation with melt superheat, and the conversion ratio increase with melt superheat when it is below a threshold (370 degrees C), but decrease above the threshold.
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| 9. |
- Rabe, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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The MOSAiC Distributed Network: Observing the coupled Arctic system with multidisciplinary, coordinated platforms
- 2024
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Ingår i: Elementa. - 2325-1026. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central Arctic properties and processes are important to the regional and global coupled climate system. The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Distributed Network (DN) of autonomous ice-tethered systems aimed to bridge gaps in our understanding of temporal and spatial scales, in particular with respect to the resolution of Earth system models. By characterizing variability around local measurements made at a Central Observatory, the DN covers both the coupled system interactions involving the ocean-ice-atmosphere interfaces as well as three-dimensional processes in the ocean, sea ice, and atmosphere. The more than 200 autonomous instruments (“buoys”) were of varying complexity and set up at different sites mostly within 50 km of the Central Observatory. During an exemplary midwinter month, the DN observations captured the spatial variability of atmospheric processes on sub-monthly time scales, but less so for monthly means. They show significant variability in snow depth and ice thickness, and provide a temporally and spatially resolved characterization of ice motion and deformation, showing coherency at the DN scale but less at smaller spatial scales. Ocean data show the background gradient across the DN as well as spatially dependent time variability due to local mixed layer sub-mesoscale and mesoscale processes, influenced by a variable ice cover. The second case (May–June 2020) illustrates the utility of the DN during the absence of manually obtained data by providing continuity of physical and biological observations during this key transitional period. We show examples of synergies between the extensive MOSAiC remote sensing observations and numerical modeling, such as estimating the skill of ice drift forecasts and evaluating coupled system modeling. The MOSAiC DN has been proven to enable analysis of local to mesoscale processes in the coupled atmosphere-ice-ocean system and has the potential to improve model parameterizations of important, unresolved processes in the future.
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| 10. |
- Song, Ziwei, et al.
(författare)
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Application of lidar remote sensing of insects in agricultural entomology on the Chinese scene
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Entomology. - : Wiley. - 0931-2048 .- 1439-0418. ; 144:3, s. 161-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insect pest management is a very important aspect for plant protection in crops production. Remote sensing provides a large number of techniques that are beneficial in entomological research. Although entomological radars have been used for studying migrations of insects for many years, most of entomological radar studies have been vertically tracing high-altitude migration behaviour of insects. Light detection and ranging (lidar) is a counterpart to radar, now operating in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which has been recently applied for monitoring of insects at low altitude. Such techniques, in particular low-cost continuous-wave (CW) bi-static systems based on the Scheimpflug arrangement, have been rapidly developing during the last decade. As a result, optical methods present new and fascinating possibilities. Based on experience from a 2-week field campaign in rice paddy fields, we here present an overview of lidar remote sensing applied to the Chinese scene. The capability of a CW Scheimpflug lidar system in monitoring the insects was studied. We present results on insect abundance in relation to time of the day and weather conditions. We also identified insect species by analysing wing-beat frequencies and studied their attraction to ultraviolet (UV) lamp located close to the horizontal laser sampling path during night time. Results showed that the insect species were abundant, that insects detected by the lidar system were attracted to light and that light rain increased the insect activity. The lidar detection system had a high read-out frequency, enabling the estimation of insect wing-beat frequencies.
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| 11. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Laser spectroscopy applied to environmental, ecological, agricultural and food safety research
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Conference on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine, PIBM 2017. - 9781557528209 ; Part F70-PIBM 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser spectroscopy has a multitude of applications of importance to human and ecosystem well-being, such as in the environmental, ecological, agricultural and food safety areas. Recent work, mostly from SCNU, will be reviewed.
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| 12. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Laser spectroscopy applied to environmental, ecological, food safety, and biomedical research
- 2016
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 24:6, s. 515-527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser spectroscopy provides many possibilities for multidisciplinary applications in environmental monitoring, in the ecological field, for food safety investigations, and in biomedicine. The paper gives several examples of the power of multi-disciplinary applications of laser spectroscopy as pursued in our research group. The studies utilize mostly similar and widely applicable spectroscopic approaches. Air pollution and vegetation monitoring by lidar techniques, as well as agricultural pest insect monitoring and classification by elastic scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy are described. Biomedical aspects include food safety applications and medical diagnostics of sinusitis and otitis, with strong connection to the abatement of antibiotics resistance development.
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| 13. |
- Wan, Su Wei, et al.
(författare)
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A Theory-Based, Multidisciplinary Approach to Cocreate a Patient-Centric Digital Solution to Enhance Perioperative Health Outcomes among Colorectal Cancer Patients and Their Family Caregivers: Development and Evaluation Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 23:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgeries offer enhanced surgical outcomes but demand high self-efficacy in prehabilitation and competency in self-care and disease management postsurgery. Conventional strategies to meet perioperative needs have not been pragmatic, and there remains a pressing need for novel technologies that could improve health outcomes. Objective: The aim of this paper was to describe the development of a smartphone-based interactive CRC self-management enhancement psychosocial program (iCanManage) in order to improve health outcomes among patients who undergo elective CRC surgeries and their family caregivers. Methods: A multidisciplinary international team comprising physicians, specialist nurses, a psychologist, software engineers, academic researchers, cancer survivors, patient ambassadors, and ostomy care medical equipment suppliers was formed to facilitate the development of this patient-centric digital solution. The process occurred in several stages: (1) review of current practice through clinic visits and on-site observations; (2) review of literature and findings from preliminary studies; (3) content development grounded in an underpinning theory; (4) integration of support services; and (5) optimizing user experience through improving interface aesthetics and customization. In our study, 5 participants with CRC performed preliminary assessments on the quality of the developed solution using the 20-item user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (uMARS), which had good psychometric properties. Results: Based on the collected uMARS data, the smartphone app was rated highly for functionality, aesthetics, information quality, and perceived impact, and moderately for engagement and subjective quality. Several limiting factors such as poor agility in the adoption of digital technology and low eHealth literacy were identified despite efforts to promote engagement and ensure ease of use of the mobile app. To overcome such barriers, additional app-training sessions, an instruction manual, and regular telephone calls will be incorporated into the iCanManage program during the trial period. Conclusions: This form of multidisciplinary collaboration is advantageous as it can potentially streamline existing care paths and allow the delivery of more holistic care to the CRC population during the perioperative period. Should the program be found to be effective and sustainable, hospitals adopting this digital solution may achieve better resource allocation and reduce overall health care costs in the long run.
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| 14. |
- Wang, Jinlei, et al.
(författare)
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Mosquito counting system based on optical sensing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0946-2171. ; 126:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mosquitos, sometimes carrying deadly diseases such as malaria, zika, and dengue fever, cause much concern. To control mosquitos, it is important to effectively monitor their presence and behavioral trends. We have constructed two optical sensing systems for insects based on light attenuation and light backscattering, respectively. The systems, which were tested with the potentially dangerous Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens, were able to extract the wing-beat frequency, when they passed impinging light, derived from light-emitting diodes. We could achieve distinction between the sexes of A. albopictus and C. pipiens based on the wing-beat frequency. Finally, we propose a statistical method suitable for the system to improve the accuracy of counting.
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| 15. |
- Yan, Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of K438 alloy processed by selective laser melting and subsequent heat treatment
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials Characterization. - : Elsevier BV. - 1044-5803. ; 191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, K438 nickel-based high-temperature alloy was successfully prepared and heat-treated by selected laser melting (SLM). A comparative study of the microstructure and mechanical properties of different samples was carried out to reveal the influence of SLM process parameters and heat treatment. The layer-by-layer fabrication in SLM created a special sunflower-shaped dendrites and the extremely fast cooling rate resulted in a large number of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and inhomogeneous γ’ phases being found in the samples. After heat treatment, the orbital structure within the tissue disappeared and the coarse square γ’ phase (0.4 to 0.8 μm) melted and precipitated fine rounded secondary γ’ phases (0.05 μm). During recrystallisation, the LAGBs to high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) transition occurs and many fine grain clusters appear at the grain boundaries, resulting in subcrystalline nucleation based on subcrystals and an increase in UTS.
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| 16. |
- Yi, Fan, et al.
(författare)
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Non-Fully Conjugated Dimerized Giant Acceptors with Different Alkyl-Linked Sites for Stable and 19.13 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells
- 2024
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Achieving both high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and device stability is a major challenge for the practical development of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, three non-fully conjugated dimerized giant acceptors (named 2Y-sites, including wing-site-linked 2Y-wing, core-site-linked 2Y-core, and end-site-linked 2Y-end) are developed. They share the similar monomer precursors but have different alkyl-linked sites, offering the fine-tuned molecular absorption, packing, glass transition temperature, and carrier mobility. Among their binary active layers, D18/2Y-wing has better miscibility, leading to optimized morphology and more efficient charge transfer compared to D18/2Y-core and D18/2Y-end. Therefore, the D18/2Y-wing-based OSCs achieve a superior PCE of 17.73 %, attributed to enhanced photocurrent and fill factor. Furthermore, the D18/2Y-wing-based OSCs exhibit a balance of high PCE and improved stability, distinguishing them within the 2Y-sites. Building on the success of 2Y-wing in binary systems, we extend its application to ternary OSCs by pairing it with the near-infrared absorbing D18/BS3TSe-4F host. Thanks to the complementary absorption within 300-970 nm and further optimized morphology, ternary OSCs obtain a higher PCE of 19.13 %, setting a new efficiency benchmark for the dimer-derived OSCs. This approach of alkyl-linked site engineering for constructing dimerized giant acceptors presents a promising pathway to improve both PCE and stability of OSCs. Three new non-fully conjugated dimerized giant acceptors with different alkyl-linked sites are developed. Among them, wing-sited 2Y-wing has fine-tuned packing and better miscibility with donor, allowing to 19.13 % efficiency (which is the highest value among the devices with giant acceptors) and highly stable organic solar cells. image
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Zhao, Guangyu, et al.
(författare)
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Mercury as a Geophysical Tracer Gas - Emissions from the Emperor Qin Tomb in Xi´an Studied by Laser Radar
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mercury is, because of its high vapor pressure and its prevalence in the atmosphere as atoms, an interesting geophysical tracer gas, also with potential archaeological applications. According to historical records dating back 2200 years, the mausoleum chamber of the “Terracotta Army Emperor” Qin in Xi´an, China, contains large amounts of liquid mercury, considered as an elixir of life at the time. We here report on measurements of the atmospheric contents of atomic mercury above the tomb mound performed with a mobile differential absorption lidar (light detection and ranging) system. Our measurements, which were performed from three different locations around the mound, indeed indicate elevated atmospheric mercury levels, with localizations, which correlate with previous in situ soil sampling results. Concentrations up to 27 ng/m3 were observed, significantly higher than the typical general pollutant level in the area which was found to be around 5–10 ng/m3. An out-flux of about 5×10−8 kg/s was estimated. Highly volatile mercury may be escaping through cracks, which developed in the structure over time, and our investigation supports ancient chronicle records on the tomb, which is believed never to have been opened/looted. Our findings also have bearings on the proposed use of mercury as a tracer gas for valuable ores and geothermal resource exploration, and also bring problematics around reliable nuclear waste long-term underground storage to mind.
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| 19. |
- Zhao, Guangyu, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile lidar system for environmental monitoring
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X. ; 56:5, s. 1506-1516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A versatile mobile optical remote sensing system utilizing light detection and ranging (lidar) technology has been constructed and adapted for multidisciplinary environmental monitoring tasks on the Chinese scene. A key application is differential absorption lidar (DIAL) monitoring of distributions of gaseous air pollutants. The system includes a 20 Hz Nd:YAG laser-pumped dye laser, and two vertically looking Newtonian telescopes with diameters of 40 and 30 cm, respectively, over which folding mirrors can be hoisted over the laboratory roof to interrogate the remote target area. Using harmonic pulses from the Nd:YAG laser, remote laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and laser-induced break-down spectroscopy (LIBS) can be performed. In this way, also water pollutants, vegetation, and soils can be studied. The wide applicability of the new system is illustrated in long-range measurements of atmospheric mercury and sulfur dioxide, and in LIF and LIBS monitoring. Remote passive monitoring of flying insects illustrates the additional functionality of the system.
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| 20. |
- Zhao, Guangyu, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile lidar system for environmental monitoring
- 2018
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Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2101-6275 .- 2100-014X. ; 176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A versatile mobile remote sensing system for multidisciplinary environmental monitoring tasks on the Chinese scene is described. The system includes a 20 Hz Nd:YAG laser-pumped dye laser, optical transmitting/receiving systems with a 30 cm and a 40 cm Newtonian telescope, and electronics, all integrated in a laboratory, installed on a Jiefang truck. Results from field experiments on atomic mercury DIAL mapping and remote laser-induced fluorescence and break-down spectroscopy are given.
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| 21. |
- Zhu, Guangyu, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of wear and corrosion resistances of laser cladding TaC/TiC/Stellite X-40 Co-based composite coatings on copper surface
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1753-5557 .- 1066-7857. ; 37:9, s. 980-991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The TaC/TiC/Stellite X-40 Co-based composite coatings with different contents were successfully cladded on a Cr-Zr-Cu alloy substrate. The microstructure, wear and corrosion resistance of the composite coatings were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), sliding wear test, as well as corrosion test in 3.5% NaCl solution. The results showed that Ta and Ti atoms easily form Co3Ta and Co3Ti hard phases with Co to increasing the hardness of the coating. Compared with the substrate, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness of the composite coatings were significantly improved. The wear resistance of the 20 wt. % TaC and 10 wt. % TiC composite coatings were better than that of the substrate. When the TaC content was 20 wt. % and the TiC content was 15 wt. %, the coating with excellent corrosion resistance (-0.153V).
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| 22. |
- Zhu, Shiming, et al.
(författare)
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Insect abundance over Chinese rice fields in relation to environmental parameters, studied with a polarization-sensitive CW near-IR lidar system
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0946-2171. ; 123:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective monitoring of flying insects is of major societal importance in view of the role of insects as indispensable pollinators, destructive disease vectors and economically devastating agricultural pests. The present paper reports on monitoring of flying agricultural pests using a continuous-wave lidar system in a rice-field location in Southern China. Using a Scheimpflug arrangement, range resolution over several 100 m long observational paths was achieved. The system operates with two perpendicularly polarized near-infrared lasers, which are activated intermittently, and back-scattered radiation from insects was recorded by a linear array detector placed after a linear polarizer. Our polarization sensitive system was used to monitor the flying insect diurnal activity and also the influence of changes in weather conditions, e.g., the occurrence of rain. Activity strongly peaked at dusk and rose again, although to a lower extent, just before dawn. At the onset of rainfall, a strong increase in insect counts occurred which was interpreted as the rain-induced bringing down of high-altitude migrant insects.
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| 23. |
- Zhu, Shiming, et al.
(författare)
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Insect remote sensing using a polarization sensitive cw lidar system in Chinese rice fields
- 2018
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Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2101-6275 .- 2100-014X. ; 176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A joint Chinese-Swedish field campaign of Scheimpflug continuous-wave lidar monitoring of rice-field flying pest insects was pursued in very hot July weather conditions close to Guangzhou, China. The occurrence of insects, birds and bats with almost 200 hours of round-the-clock polarization-sensitive recordings was studied. Wing-beat frequency recordings and depolarization properties were used for target classification. Influence of weather conditions on the flying fauna was also investigated.
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