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| 2. |
- Contreras, ZA, et al.
(författare)
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Does early onset asthma increase childhood obesity risk? A pooled analysis of 16 European cohorts
- 2018
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 52:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The parallel epidemics of childhood asthma and obesity over the past few decades have spurred research into obesity as a risk factor for asthma. However, little is known regarding the role of asthma in obesity incidence. We examined whether early-onset asthma and related phenotypes are associated with the risk of developing obesity in childhood.This study includes 21 130 children born from 1990 to 2008 in Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK. We followed non-obese children at 3–4 years of age for incident obesity up to 8 years of age. Physician-diagnosed asthma, wheezing and allergic rhinitis were assessed up to 3–4 years of age.Children with physician-diagnosed asthma had a higher risk for incident obesity than those without asthma (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.66, 95% CI 1.18–2.33). Children with active asthma (wheeze in the last 12 months and physician-diagnosed asthma) exhibited a higher risk for obesity (aHR 1.98, 95% CI 1.31–3.00) than those without wheeze and asthma. Persistent wheezing was associated with increased risk for incident obesity compared to never wheezers (aHR 1.51, 95% CI 1.08–2.09).Early-onset asthma and wheezing may contribute to an increased risk of developing obesity in later childhood.
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| 3. |
- van Rijn, Michelle M., et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Self-care and Resilience A Cross-sectional Study in Heart Failure Patients
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 38:2, s. E70-E77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSelf-care (SC) is a cornerstone in heart failure management and is related to patient outcomes. The continuous and complex demands of SC can be experienced as stressful and may require patients to apply resilient behaviors as they manage their conditions. Resilience may be a helpful factor in performing SC.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the association between resilience and SC in patients with heart failure.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed between January 2020 and January 2021. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire addressing baseline characteristics, the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the Resilience Evaluation Scale, and the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory, which measures 3 concepts of SC: SC maintenance, SC monitoring, and SC management. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine whether resilience was associated with SC.ResultsEighty-six patients were included, and 74 patients completed the questionnaire. In the univariate analysis, an association was found between resilience and SC maintenance, resulting in an increase in SC for patients with higher resilience (beta = 0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.96). In the multivariate analysis adjusted and corrected for confounders, no significant associations between resilience and all SC scales were found.ConclusionThis study could not demonstrate significant associations between resilience and all SC scales. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on factors that can mediate or moderate SC. Further longitudinal research should be performed to study cause-effect relationships.
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- Overman, Meredith L., et al.
(författare)
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The cross-sectional association of parental psychosocial status with children's Body Mass Index z-score and the mediating role of children's energy balance behaviors - the ABCD Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - 1932-6203. ; 19:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Investigate the cross-sectional association between the psychosocial status of mothers and fathers and the BMI z-scores of their 10 to 12-year-old children. Explore whether this association is mediated by children's diet, physical activity, screen time and sleep. Analyze the moderating effect of the educational levels of both the mother and father on the association.Design In a cross-sectional study design, children's height and weight were measured following a standardized protocol. Parents completed the validated Depression Anxiety and Stress questionnaire, while diet quality, sports participation, time spent in bed and screen time were assessed through child-report using previously validated questions.Participants The data for this study were obtained from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, involving children aged 10 to 12 years and both of their parents (N = 1315).Results The majority, 80%, of the parents were highly educated and born in the Netherlands, and 68% of the children had a healthy BMI. Maternal or paternal psychosocial status was not significantly associated with children's BMI z-score (maternal beta -0.0037; 95% CI: -0.008 to 0.0007, paternal beta 0.0028; 95% CI: -0.007 to 0.002). Screen time mediated the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score (beta = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.002; 0.020). Children's diet, physical activity, and sleep did not mediate the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score. Parental educational level was not a moderator.Conclusions This research is unique in including four energy balance behaviors and including both mothers and fathers' psychosocial status. Children withfathers experiencing poorer psychosocial status engaged in more screen time which partly explained their higher BMI z-score.
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| 7. |
- Cardenas, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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The international declaration on the human right to nutritional care : A global commitment to recognize nutritional care as a human right
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 42:6, s. 909-918
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Access to nutritional care is frequently limited or denied to patients with disease-related malnutrition (DRM), to those with the inability to adequately feed themselves or to maintain their optimal healthy nutritional status which goes against the fundamental human right to food and health care. That is why the International Working Group for Patient's Right to nutritional care is committed to promote a human rights based approach (HRBA) in the field of clinical nutrition. Our group proposed to unite efforts by launching a global call to action against disease-related malnutrition through The International Declaration on the Human Right to Nutritional Care signed in the city of Vienna during the 44th ESPEN congress on September 5th 2022. The Vienna Declaration is a non-legally binding document that sets a shared vision and five principles for implementation of actions that would promote the access to nutritional care. Implementation programs of the Vienna Declaration should be promoted, based on international normative frameworks as The United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Rome Declaration of the Second International Conference on Nutrition and the Working Plan of the Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025. In this paper, we present the general background of the Vienna Declaration, we set out an international normative framework for implementation programs, and shed a light on the progress made by some clinical nutrition societies. Through the Vienna Declaration, the global clinical nutrition network is highly motivated to appeal to public authorities, international governmental and non-governmental organizations and other scientific healthcare societies on the importance of optimal nutritional care for all patients.
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| 8. |
- de Man, F., et al.
(författare)
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Towards optimal nutritional care for all : A multi-disciplinary patient centred approach to a complex challenge
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 39:5, s. 1309-1314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ten years ago, European health care professional societies, health associations and members of the European Parliament convened in Brussels to discuss the necessary and urgent actions needed to improve access, initiation and follow up nutritional care for European citizens. As a response to this, in 2014 the Optimal Nutritional Care for All (ONCA) campaign was launched under the leadership of the European Nutritional for Health Alliance and its members. As of today this campaign has been rolled out in 18 European countries, whereby national multi-disciplinary platforms including patient groups work together to implement national nutritional care programs and develop good practices in care, research, education in order to increase awareness on malnutrition and improve nutritional care. This article describes the making of and evolution of the ONCA campaign, the outcomes and impact created, as well as opportunities to accelerate implementation of personalized nutritional care for all European citizens.
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| 9. |
- Lewis, Kate Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers education and offspring asthma risk in 10 European cohort studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : SPRINGER. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 32:9, s. 797-805
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly prevalent and typically beginning in childhood, asthma is a burdensome disease, yet the risk factors for this condition are not clarified. To enhance understanding, this study assessed the cohort-specific and pooled risk of maternal education on asthma in children aged 3-8 across 10 European countries. Data on 47,099 children were obtained from prospective birth cohort studies across 10 European countries. We calculated cohort-specific prevalence difference in asthma outcomes using the relative index of inequality (RII) and slope index of inequality (SII). Results from all countries were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis procedures to obtain mean RII and SII scores at the European level. Final models were adjusted for child sex, smoking during pregnancy, parity, mothers age and ethnicity. The higher the score the greater the magnitude of relative (RII, reference 1) and absolute (SII, reference 0) inequity. The pooled RII estimate for asthma risk across all cohorts was 1.46 (95% CI 1.26, 1.71) and the pooled SII estimate was 1.90 (95% CI 0.26, 3.54). Of the countries examined, France, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands had the highest prevalences of childhood asthma and the largest inequity in asthma risk. Smaller inverse associations were noted for all other countries except Italy, which presented contradictory scores, but with small effect sizes. Tests for heterogeneity yielded significant results for SII scores. Overall, offspring of mothers with a low level of education had an increased relative and absolute risk of asthma compared to offspring of high-educated mothers.
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| 10. |
- Tehrani, Ali, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Cationic gemini surfactants with cleavable spacer: Chemical hydrolysis, biodegradation, and toxicity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-7103 .- 0021-9797. ; 449:July, s. 72-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes synthesis and characterization of a new type of cationic gemini surfactant, which has dodecyl tails and a spacer that contains an ester bond. The nomenclature used to describe the structure is 12Q2OCO1Q12, with Q being a quaternary ammonium group and the numbers indicating the number of methylene or methyl groups. Due to the close proximity to the two quaternary ammonium groups, the ester bond is very stable on the acid side and very labile already at slightly alkaline conditions. The hydrolysis products are two single chain surfactants (i.e. 12Q2OH and 12Q1COOH) which are less surface active than the intact gemini surfactant. 12Q2OCO1Q12 was found to be readily biodegradable, i.e. it gave more than 60% biodegradation after 28 days. This is interesting because similar gemini surfactants but with ester bonds in the tails instead of the spacer, have previously been found not to be readily biodegradable. The gemini surfactant was found to be toxic to aquatic organisms (ErC50 value of 0.27 mg/l), although less toxic than the two hydrolysis products.
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