| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
-
Jesus och politiken
- 2024
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med projektet är att granska och att reflektera kring Jesu politiska aktörsskap i relation till nutida samtidsdiskussioner. Som en teoretisk utgångspunkt för att möta den frågan kommer Jesus liv och lära att diskuteras genom att relatera hans politiska verksamhet till begreppen aktivism, revolution, populism, och anarki. Syftet är inte att erbjuda en anakronistisk läsning av Jesus liv och lära, i tron att någondera av dessa politiska praktiker enkelt låter sig tillämpas på den politiska kontext som Jesus fungerade i. Inte heller är det i tron att de erbjuder någon definitiv tolkning av Jesu politiska verksamhet. Syftet är snarare att bruka nutida politiska teoretiska begrepp för att tolka Jesu politiska verksamhet, med förhoppningen att denna association ska underlätta arbetet med att nyttja Jesu liv och lära som en resurs för att föreställa det allmänna goda och tackla nutida utmaningar. Orsaken till varför just aktivism, revolution, populism och anarkism valts som en teoretisk-begreppslig grund, är för att vardera av dessa politiska praktiker försöker få till stånd en förändring av något slag, dock utifrån olika logiska förutsättningar och på olika sätt. Trots att man kan tolka Jesu politiska aktörsskap på olika sätt, är det däremot mer eller mindre uppenbart att han försökte få till stånd en förändring i den rådande samhällsordningen. Utifrån denna insikt har framför allt kristna genom tiderna inspirerats av Jesus för att förverkliga den vision om det goda som hans liv och lära innehåller, samt utvecklat en kritik av de aktörer som motarbetar denna vision.
|
|
| 5. |
- Olsson, Nils
(författare)
-
Trosföreställningar
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Kunstkritikk. - 1504-0925.
-
Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 6. |
- Almén, Edgar, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
-
Livstolkning och värdegrund : att undervisa om religion, livsfrågor och etik
- 2000
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Skolans värdegrund har på senare år lyfts fram i många olika sammanhang. Uppgiften att undervisa om religion, etik, och livsfrågor har också debatterats. Detta undervisningsområde hör till skolans svåraste uppgifter - men kanske också till de viktigaste. Denna antologi ger ett bidrag till utvecklingen av ett professionellt lärarkunnande i frågor som gäller skolans värdegrund och undervisning på livsåskådningsområdet.Författarna ger utifrån sina respektive kompetensområden en belysning av några av ämnesområdets centrala aspekter.De texter som ingår har skrivits särskilt för lärarutbildningen men kan också användas i andra sammanhang. Avsikten har varit att via texterna föra de studerande i kontakt med såväl aktuell forskning som professionell lärarkunskap av annat slag.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Mindus, Patricia
(författare)
-
Austin and Scandinavian Realism
- 2013
-
Ingår i: The Legacy of John Austin's Jurisprudence. - : Springer-Verlag New York. ; , s. 73-106
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The imperative theory of law exemplified in the work of John Austin is the object of much criticism in the movement of Scandinavian legal realism (SLR). The very core notions of command, sovereignty and will are targeted. This paper explores the Scandinavian readings of Austin’s theory, chiefly by reconstructing the main arguments of Axel Hägerström’s criticism of the will-theory and Karl Olivecrona’s reading of the imperative character of law. Special attention is paid to the affinities between the various outlooks and to their core differences. On one hand, strong resemblances can be discovered in the common methodological afflatus and respect for Hume’s principle. On the other hand – apart from contrasting opinions on minor aspects (such as tacit consent grounding custom) – among the unbridgeable divergences mention should be made of the view on morals: Austin embraced a form of cognitivism, while the Scandinavians supported a strict form of non-cognitivism. In order to assess the originality of the Scandinavian attack on the imperative theory of law, the aim of the paper is to test to what extent it stimulated the seminal work on the question of law’s authoritative dimension in SLR.
|
|
| 10. |
- Skånberg Dahlstedt, Ami, 1967
(författare)
-
Walking in Suriashi as a Radical and Critical Art of Inquiry
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Walking as Critical Inquiry. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031299902 ; , s. 151-173
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter contributes to the discussion on moving in and through site-specific and urban space; at the cusp between higher dance education and everyday life, creating a post-Certauian tear through space and time as a call for agency. It draws from my Ph.D. research Suriashi as Experimental Pilgrimage in Urban and Other Spaces, where I propose an experience of society from within a Japanese practice called suriashi, which translates as sliding foot. Suriashi is a specific gender codified walking technique in classical Japanese dance and theatre, and an important method for acting on stage. Gender is constructed physically through the positioning and moulding of the body. The original practice is performed in the dance studio or on stage. My research asks whether suriashi also could be a method for agency to act, as being active, or to activate, and temporally alter spaces outside the theatre; i.e. the practical application of this artistic practice outside the theatrical context. This relocation brings a traditional form into new configurations, connecting to everyday practices and sites of resistance and performance. It also contributes to the burgeoning field of walking arts practice, bringing a Japanese dance-based practice into a dialogue with debates and practices of Western dancing and walking. Suriashi performed in urban spaces was able to unfold and identify new relations between aesthetic practice and politics, between movements and monuments in the city as a way to critique the unequal distribution of power, and by looking for new ways to protest/resist peacefully. I assess this from three of my many experiments with slow suriashi walkings. The first one is Suriashi Intervention, performed at Gothenburg Culture Festival in August 2016. This experiment did two things: it engendered the city’s unacknowledged dance archive, while performing critique of the unequal distribution of funding of the arts. The second experiment is an ‘invisible’ suriashi performed by the then Hong Kong-based scholar Ching-yuen Cheung during the violent protests at Yuen Long Station in Hong Kong in July 2019. It showed how artistic methods are necessary when democracy collapses. The third experiment regards introducing suriashi as methodology to master students of Contemporary Performative Arts at University of Gothenburg. Here, suriashi unveiled important issues regarding art in urban spaces, necessary for the art student. To further contextualize, I interlace my arguments through positionings by sociologist Doreen Massey.
|
|
| 11. |
- Svensson, Frans
(författare)
-
Non-Eudaimonism, The Sufficiency of Virtue for Happiness, and Two Senses of the Highest Good in Descartes’s Ethics
- 2015
-
Ingår i: British Journal for the History of Philosophy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0960-8788 .- 1469-3526. ; 23:2, s. 277-296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In his reflections on ethics, Descartes distances himself from the eudaimonistic tradition in moral philosophy by introducing a distinction between happiness and the highest good. While happiness, in Descartes's view, consists in an inner state of complete harmony and satisfaction, the highest good instead consists in virtue, i.e. in 'a firm and constant resolution' (e.g. CSMK: 325/AT 5: 83) to always use our free will well or correctly. In Section 1 of this paper, I pursue the Cartesian distinction between happiness and the highest good in some detail. In Section 2, I discuss the question of how the motivation to virtue should be accounted for within Descartes's ethical framework. In Section 3, I turn to Descartes's defence of the view that virtue, while fundamentally distinct from happiness, is nevertheless sufficient for obtaining it. In the final section of the paper (Section 4), my concern is instead with a second and sometimes neglected distinction that Descartes makes between two different senses of the highest good. I show that this distinction does not remove the non-eudaimonistic character of Descartes's ethics suggested in Section 1, and present two reasons for why the distinction is important for Descartes's purposes.
|
|
| 12. |
- Grinell, Klas, 1969
(författare)
-
Integration of Islam in Europe: Categorical Remarks
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European Review. - 1062-7987. ; 28:3, s. 378-388
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the most frequently described cultural borders in European public discourse is that between Europe and Islam. Further to which, there are many concerns as to whether Islam can be integrated into Europe. This article argues that it is impossible to understand the real and imagined problems addressed in the ‘integration of Islam in Europe’ debate using the categories ‘Islam’ and ‘Europe’. The question of categories is addressed through Bourdieu’s critique of journalism’s influence on research, leading to questions about suitable criteria of demarcation and meaningful terminologies. The route goes via classical theorists of science, such as Carnap, Popper and Kuhn, to Ricoeur, Said and Connolly. Some segments of the modern genealogy of the category of Islam in European studies are also touched upon. The article ends with a call for unpopular categories as an escape from the popular and political frames of debate.
|
|
| 13. |
- Grinell, Klas, 1969
(författare)
-
Islams filosofi
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Islam - en religionsvetenskaplig introduktion / Susanne Olsson & Simon Sorgenfrei (red.).. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147143702 ; , s. 129-141
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Agrell, Beata, 1944
(författare)
-
Religion och föreställningar om arbetarlitteratur. Exemplet Mathilda Roos
- 2016
-
Ingår i: ”inte kan jag berätta allas historia?” Föreställningar om nordisk arbetarlitteratur. / Beata Agrell, Åsa Arping, Magnus Gustafsson, Christer Ekholm (red.). - Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet. Institutionen för litteratur, idéhistoria och religion. - 9789188348746 ; , s. 215-228
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To what extent is working-class literature compatible with religious faith? Wide-spread conceptions of working-class literature exclude this connection, but in the first working-class prose in the early 1900s – in spite of a beginning secularization – Christianity was the official religion, the Bible was a living cultural heritage and the working-class movement and the religious revivalists exchanged members. So, what might a Christian working-class literature look like? How the Christian radical Mathilda Roos’ (1852–1908) fiction relates to that issue is what is investigated in this article. Roos had attracted much attention and debate in her time. As a professed Chris-tian and social radical, she also depicted working-class issues. This article focuses on the intersection of Christianity and class-perspective in the short novel Strejken på Bergstomta [The Strike on Bergstomta] (1892), and to what extent this work might cor-respond to some given or possible conceptions of working-class literature.
|
|
| 18. |
- Strimling, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
-
The connection between moral positions and moral arguments drives opinion change
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : NLM (Medline). - 2397-3374. ; 3:9, s. 922-930
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liberals and conservatives often take opposing positions on moral issues. But what makes a moral position liberal or conservative? Why does public opinion tend to become more liberal over time? And why does public opinion change especially fast on certain issues, such as gay rights? We offer an explanation based on how different positions connect with different kinds of moral arguments. Based on a formal model of opinion dynamics, we predicted that positions better connected to harm and fairness arguments will be more popular among liberals and will become more popular over time among liberals and conservatives. Finally, the speed of this trend will be faster the better the position connects to harm and fairness arguments. These predictions all held with high accuracy in 44 years of polling on moral opinions. The model explains the connection between ideology and moral opinions, and generates precise predictions for future opinion change.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
-
Posthumanistiska nyckelstexter
- 2012. - 1
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Den här boken introducerar några viktiga författare på samtidsaktuella teoriområden. Donna Haraway, Karen Barad, Rosi Braidotti, Michel Callon, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Michel Serres och Annemarie Mol presenteras i boken, som också innehåller översatta texter av dessa namn. Boken ger en bakgrund till och en överblick över ett område i intensiv teoriutveckling. Här presenteras den så kallade materiella, posthumana eller ontologiska vändningen. Här kartläggs grunderna för olika posthumanistiska förhållningssätt till de både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga (djur, miljö, teknik) krafterna i vår värld så som de begreppsliggjorts inom filosofi, feministisk teori, kulturstudier och samhällsvetenskapliga studier av naturvetenskap, medicin och teknik. Genom lästips och en omfattande litteraturlista öppnar boken för fortsatta studier och vidare diskussioner. Avslutningsvis finns också en omfattande ordlista med viktiga nyckelbegrepp som i sig ger en introduktion till ett heterogent forskningsfält. Boken riktar sig till studenter, doktorander och andra nyfikna forskare inom olika tvärvetenskapliga eller disciplinära former av humaniora och samhällsvetenskap.POSTHUMANISTISKA NYCKELTEXTER ger i de inledande kapitlen en överblick och en introduktion till posthumanistiska studier och till materiell-semiotik. Här behandlas tankeströmningar som rör det humanas natur, humanismens etik och humanvetenskapernas framtid. Boken ger en introduktion till det som inom genusvetenskap och tekniksociologi kommit att kallas den ontologiska vändningen mot de materiaaliteter och världsliga relationer som både gör och förgör oss. Här kartläggs grunderna för posthumanistiska förhållningssätt till de både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga (djur, miljö, teknik) dimensionerna av vår värld så som de begreppsliggjorts inom filosofi, feministisk teori, kulturstudier och sociala studier av vetenskap och teknik. POSTHUMANISTISKA NYCKELTEXTER erbjuder introduktioner till viktiga författare och översättningar av nyckeltexter skrivna av Donna Haraway, Karen Barad, Rosi Braidotti, Michel Callon, Gilles Deleuze med Felix Guattari, Michel Serres och Annemarie Mol. Boken innehåller även en omfattande ordlista med viktiga nyckelbegrepp som i sig ger en introduktion till ett mångfaldigt forskningsfält.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Brax, David, 1979
(författare)
-
Hatbrottslagstiftning i Sverige och i Europa
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Förhoppningar och farhågor - Sveriges första 20 år i EU. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9189608364 ; , s. 181-196
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955
(författare)
-
Cognitive Architectures Based on Natural Info-Computation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics. - Cham : Springer. - 2192-6255 .- 2192-6263. ; , s. 3-13, s. 3-13
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the time when the first models of cognitive architectures have been proposed, some forty years ago, understanding of cognition, embodiment and evolution was substantially different from today’s. So was the state of the art of information physics, information chemistry, bioinformatics, neuroinformatics, computational neuroscience, complexity theory, self-organization, theory of evolution, as well as the basic concepts of information and computation. Novel developments support a constructive interdisciplinary framework for cognitive architectures based on natural morphological computing, where interactions between constituents at different levels of organization of matter-energy and their corresponding time-dependent dynamics, lead to complexification of agency and increased cognitive capacities of living organisms that unfold through evolution. Proposed info-computational framework for naturalizing cognition considers present updates (generalizations) of the concepts of information, computation, cognition, and evolution in order to attain an alignment with the current state of the art in corresponding research fields. Some important open questions are suggested for future research with implications for further development of cognitive and intelligent technologies.
|
|
| 26. |
- Dodig Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955
(författare)
-
Cognitive revolution, virtuality and good life
- 2013
-
Ingår i: AI and Society. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0951-5666 .- 1435-5655. ; 28:3, s. 319-327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We are living in an era when the focus of human relationships with the world is shifting from execution and physical impact to control and cognitive/informational interaction. This emerging, increasingly informational world is our new ecology, an infosphere that presents the grounds for a cognitive revolution based on interactions in networks of biological and artificial, intelligent agents. After the industrial revolution, which extended the human body through mechanical machinery, the cognitive revolution extends the human mind/cognition through information-processing machinery. These novel circumstances come with new qualities and preferences demanding new conceptualizations. We have some work ahead of us to establish value systems and practices extended from the real to the increasingly virtual/info-computational. This paper first presents a current view of the virtual versus the real and then offers an interpretation framework based on an info-computational understanding of cognition in which agency implies computational processing of informational structures of the world as an infosphere. The notion of "good life" is discussed in light of different ideals of well-being in the infosphere, connecting virtuality as a space of potential and alternative worlds for an agent for whom the reality is a space of actual experiences, in the sense of Deleuze. Even though info-computational framework enables us to see both the real world and the diversity of virtual worlds in terms of computational processes on informational structures, based on a distinct layered cognitive architecture of all physical agents, there is clear difference between potential worlds of the virtual and actual agent's experiences made in the real. Info-computationalism enables insight into the mechanisms of infosphere and elucidates its importance as cognitively predominant environment and communication media. The conclusion is that by cocooning ourselves in an elaborate info-computational infrastructure of the virtual, we may be increasingly isolating ourselves from the reality of direct experience of the world. The biggest challenges of the cognitive revolution may not be technological but ethical. They are about the nature of being human and its values. © 2012 Springer-Verlag London Limited.
|
|
| 27. |
- El-Seedi, Hesham R., et al.
(författare)
-
Plants mentioned in the Islamic Scriptures (Holy Qur'an and Ahadith) : Traditional uses and medicinal importance in contemporary times
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. - : Elsevier. - 0378-8741 .- 1872-7573. ; 243
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethnopharmacological relevance: Over the past thousand years, Islamic physicians have collected cultural, philosophical, sociological and historical backgrounds for understanding diseases and medications. The Prophet Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him (PBUH) said: "There is no disease that Allah has created, except that Allah also has created its cure." Therefore, Islamic scholars are encouraged to explore and use both traditional and modern forms of medicine. Aim of the study: (1) To identify some of the medicinal plants mentioned in the Holy Qur'an and Ahadith textbooks of the period 700-1500 AD; (2) to compare them with presently used traditional medicines; (3) to evaluate their value based on modern research; and (4) to investigate the contributions of Islamic scholars to the development of the scientific branches, particularly medicine. Materials and methods: A literature search was performed relating to 12 medicinal plants mentioned in the Holy Qur'an and Ahadith using textbooks, Al-Azhar scholars, published articles, the plant list website (http://www.theplantlist.org/), the medicinal plant names services website (http://mpns.kew.org/mpns-portal/) and web databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). Results and discussion: The Islamic Golden Age was a step towards modern medicine, with unique insights and multi-disciplinary aspects. Traditional Islamic Medicine has had a significant impact on the development of various medical, scientific and educational activities. Innumerable Muslim and non-Muslim physicians have built on the strong foundation of Traditional Islamic Medicine by translating the described natural remedies and effects. The influences of different ancient cultures on the traditional uses of natural products were also documented in Islamic Scriptures in the last part of the second millennium. The divine teachings of Islam combine natural and practical healing and incorporate inherited science and technology. Conclusion: In this review, we discuss Traditional Islamic Medicine with reference to both medical recommendations mentioned in the Holy Qur'an and Prophetic Traditional Medicine (al-Tibb al-Nabawi). Although the molecular mechanisms and functions of some of the listed medicinal plants and their derivatives have been intensively studied, some traditional remedies have yet to be translated into clinical applications.
|
|
| 28. |
- Ellis Nilsson, Sara, 1977
(författare)
-
Creating Holy People and Places on the Periphery. A Study of the Emergence of Cults of Native Saints in the Ecclesiastical Provinces of Lund and Uppsala from the Eleventh to the Thirteenth Centuries : Att skapa heliga personer och platser i periferin: en studie om uppkomsten av inhemska helgonkulter i de lundensiska och uppsaliensiska kyrkoprovinserna, ca 1000–1300
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Holy people have been venerated in various forms by all religions and ideologies throughout history. Christianity is no exception with the development of the cults of saints beginning shortly after its formation. By the time Christianity reached Scandinavia, saints’ cults had been fully integrated into the Roman administrative structure. The new religion brought with it institutions, as well as religious practices. This thesis examines the cults of native saints that arose in Scandinavia during the Christianization of the region. It compares the Ecclesiastical Province of Lund, established in 1103, and the Ecclesiastical Province of Uppsala, established in 1164. The focus on these two provinces is partly based on their, at times, unequal relationship. The study aims to explain the underlying reasons for the establishment of new cults of saints in connection with the development of an ecclesiastical organization. The primary source material is comprised of liturgical manuscripts and fragments, iconography and diploma. Due to the relative lack of early medieval sources from Scandinavia, the surviving parchment fragments provide an especially valuable resource for research into Scandinavian medieval society. They can reveal the importance of cults of saints for those who promoted them. The first part of this study presents the native saints whose cults are believed to have been established before the year 1300 and places them in categories developed in previous research. The analysis of the geographical spread of cults of native saints in the Lund and Uppsala provinces reveals that the type of saint has no bearing on the spread of the cult. The second part examines and compares the rise of cults of native saints and their place in the early liturgy in each bishopric in the two provinces. The study concludes that the right conditions and permanent central ecclesiastical institutions were required before new cults could be created, especially on an official level with a feast day and liturgy. Although all cults played a key role in conveying ideology and creating a permanent holy landscape on the Christian periphery, their later use in the legitimization of ecclesiastical and secular institutions differed in the two provinces.
|
|
| 29. |
- Endörfer, Richard, 1989, et al.
(författare)
-
What’s the Point of Efficiency? On Heath’s Market Failures Approach
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Business Ethics Quarterly. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1052-150X .- 2153-3326. ; 34:1, s. 35-59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reviews and criticizes Joseph Heath’s market failures approach (MFA) to business ethics. Our criticism is organized into three sections. First, we argue that, even under the ideal assumptions of perfect competition, when markets generate Pareto-efficient distributions, Heath’s approach does not rule out significant harms. Second, we show that, under nonideal conditions, the MFA is either too demanding, if efficiency is to be attained, or not sufficiently demanding, if the goal of Pareto efficiency is abandoned. Finally, we argue that Heath’s appeal to regulations and specific moral requirements as a remedy for market failures is unlikely to safeguard efficiency and exposes a number of general worries regarding the moral force of the MFA. We end this article with a constructive suggestion on how to adjust the MFA to avoid these problems while preserving its contractualist and Paretian spirit.
|
|
| 30. |
-
EU Citizenship: Twenty Years On : Special Issue German Law Journal
- 2014
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Maastricht Treaty (the “Treaty”) first introduced the status of EU citizenship. The twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Treaty, marked in 2013, was declared the European Year of the Citizen. Union citizenship has been understood as the world’s first post-national citizenship, although it is still complementary to national citizenships. EU citizens enjoy rights that have been expanded, modified, and reinterpreted in light of the EU integration process. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has been a driving force in this process. This twentieth anniversary has provided the occasio for this special issue. Indeed, much has happened over the last two decades. The Maastricht Treaty entered into force on the heels of German reunification, and afterwards, a series of EU treaties followed: The Amsterdam Treaty, the Nice Charter of Fundamental Rights, the aborted constitutionalization process and the Rome Treaty in 2004, and the Treaty of Lisbon. The Euro took over former national currencies in 2002; the enlargement process led to today’s twenty-eight Member States. But the ratio of this special issue is based on other events as linked to the 2008 financial crisis, bailouts, the fiscal compact, and similar measures. In a nutshell, the timeliness of this volume is linked to the current financial disarray. Since prognosis presupposes diagnosis, no further words are necessary as to the importance of this task. It is (almost) self-evident that before taking action and preparing for the future, one needs to address the very first question: Nosce te ipsum...
|
|
| 31. |
- Eurell, John-Christian, Teol DR, 1987-
(författare)
-
Doktorandpresentation
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 32. |
- Francén, Ragnar, 1977
(författare)
-
Moral Disagreement and Practical Direction
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy. - : Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy. - 1559-3061. ; 23:2, s. 273-303
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whenever A judges that x-ing is morally wrong and B judges that x-ing is not morally wrong, we think that they disagree. The two standard types of accounts of such moral disagreements both presuppose that the class of moral wrong-judgments is uniform, though in different ways. According to the belief account, the disagreement is doxastic: A and B have beliefs with conflicting cognitive contents. This presupposes “belief-uniformity”: that the content of moral concepts is invariant in such a way that, whenever A believes that x-ing is morally wrong and B believes that x-ing is not morally wrong, their beliefs have mutually inconsistent contents. According to the attitude account, moral disagreements are non-doxastic: A and B have clashing practical attitudes. This presupposes “attitude-uniformity”: that moral judgments are always accompanied by, or consist of, desire-like attitudes. Consequently, neither account is available if both uniformity-claims are rejected – as e.g., various forms of content-relativism do. This paper presents a new non-doxastic account of deontic moral disagreement, consistent with the rejection of both uniformity-claims. I argue first, that even if deontic moral judgments are not desires, and are not always accompanied by desires, they have practical direction in the same sense as desires: they are attitudes that one can act in accordance or discordance with. Second: deontic moral disagreement can be understood as clashes in practical direction: roughly, A and B morally disagree if, and only if, some way of acting is in accordance with A’s judgment but in discordance with B’s.
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Jeppsson, Sofia
(författare)
-
Reasons, Determinism and the Ability to Do Otherwise
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. - : Springer. - 1386-2820 .- 1572-8447. ; 19:5, s. 1225-1240
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been argued that in a deterministic universe, no one has any reason to do anything. Since we ought to do what we have most reason to do, no one ought to do anything either. Firstly, it is argued that an agent cannot have reason to do anything unless she can do otherwise; secondly, that the relevant ‘can’ is incompatibilist. In this paper, I argue that even if the first step of the argument for reason incompatibilism succeeds, the second one does not. It is argued that reasons require alternative possibilities, because reasons are action-guiding. A supposed reason to do the impossible, or to do what was inevitable anyway, could not fill this function. I discuss different interpretations of the claim that reasons are action-guiding, and show that according to one interpretation it is sufficient that the agent believes that she has several alternative options. According to other interpretations, the agent must really have alternative options, but only in a compatibilist sense. I suggest that an interpretation of action-guidance according to which reasons can only guide actions when we have several options open to us in an incompatibilist sense cannot be found. We should therefore assume that reasons and obligations are compatible with determinism.
|
|
| 35. |
- Jeppsson, Sofia
(författare)
-
Retributivism and uncertainty : Why do we punish criminals?
- 2021
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Why do we have a criminal justice system? What could possibly justify the state punishing its citizens? Retributivism is the view that we ought to give offenders the suffering that they deserve for harming others.
|
|
| 36. |
- Larsson, Göran, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Islam i Västeuropa och Förenta staterna
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Islam - en religionsvetenskaplig introduktion, red. Susanne Olsson & Simon Sorgenfrei. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147112043 ; , s. 322-343
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 37. |
- Larue, Louis, 1989
(författare)
-
A defense of reasonable pluralism in economics
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of economic methodology. - 1350-178X .- 1018-5070. ; 29:4, s. 294-308
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to defend a novel account of pluralism in economics. First, it argues that what justifies pluralism is its epistemological benefits. Second, it acknowledges that pluralism has limits, and defends reasonable pluralism, or the view that we should only accept those theories and methods that can be justified by their communities with reasons that other communities can accept. Clearly, reasonable pluralism is an ideal, which requires economists of different persuasions to respect certain norms of communication while evaluating each other’s theories. The article ends with a discussion of the conditions under which reasonable communication becomes possible.
|
|
| 38. |
- Larue, Louis, 1989
(författare)
-
John Searle's ontology of money, and its critics
- 2023
-
Ingår i: The Palgrave Handbook of Philosophy and Money. - Basingstoke : Palgrave-Macmillan.
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- John Searle has arguably proposed one of the most influential contemporary accounts of social ontology. According to Searle, institutional facts are created by the collective assignment of a specific kind of function —status-function— to pre-existing objects. Thus, a piece of paper counts as money in a certain context because people collectively recognize it as money, and impose a status upon it, which in turn enables that piece of paper to deliver certain functions (means of payment, etc.). The first part of this essay presents Searle’s theory of social ontology and summarizes his views on money. The second part centers on criticisms of his views and compares his theory with its main competitors, including the theories of Tuomela, Guala and Hindriks, and Smit, Buekens and Duplessis. The conclusion attempts to see what may remain of Searle’s theory after careful examination.
|
|
| 39. |
- Larue, Louis, 1989, et al.
(författare)
-
The ethics of alternative currencies
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Business ethics quarterly. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1052-150X .- 2153-3326. ; 32:2, s. 299-321
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alternative currencies are means of payment that circulate alongside—as an alternative or complement to—official currencies. While these currencies have existed for a long time, both society and academia have shown a renewed interest in their potential to decentralize the governance of monetary affairs and to bring people and organizations together in more ethical or sustainable ways. This article is a review of the ethical and philosophical implications of these alternative monetary projects. We first discuss various classifications of the currencies before analyzing the ethical challenges linked to the way they tackle social and environmental issues. We also examine the incentive-based and coercive mechanisms used by the currencies from an ethical perspective and debate the promises and perils of monetary decentralization and democracy. We conclude by identifying an agenda for future research.
|
|
| 40. |
- Lundgren, Björn
(författare)
-
Ethical machine decisions and the input-selection problem
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Synthese. - : Springer. - 0039-7857 .- 1573-0964. ; 199:3-4, s. 11423-11443
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is about the role of factual uncertainty for moral decision-making as it concerns the ethics of machine decision-making (i.e., decisions by AI systems, such as autonomous vehicles, autonomous robots, or decision support systems). The view that is defended here is that factual uncertainties require a normative evaluation and that ethics of machine decision faces a triple-edged problem, which concerns what a machine ought to do, given its technical constraints, what decisional uncertainty is acceptable, and what trade-offs are acceptable to decrease the decisional uncertainty.
|
|
| 41. |
- Milam, Per-Erik, 1982
(författare)
-
Forgiveness
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Oxford Handbook of Moral Responsibility / Dana Kay Nelkin, Derk Pereboom (eds.). - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780190679309 ; , s. 590-610
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The responsibility and forgiveness literatures have only recently begun to influence one another in a significant way. The aim of this chapter is to introduce a common model of forgiveness and some recent challenges to it, each of which highlights potential connections between forgiveness and responsibility. According to the Standard View, to forgive is to overcome one’s blame toward a culpable wrongdoer. One of the most compelling alternatives to this view is the Norm Changing View, which understands forgiving as the exercise of a normative power that changes what the offender owes the victim. Which of these views one prefers has implications for how one understands the various features of forgiveness, including who can forgive, the difficulty of forgiving, and the possibility of withdrawing forgiveness.
|
|
| 42. |
- Milam, Per-Erik, 1982
(författare)
-
Forgiving and Ceasing to Blame
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Conflict and Resolution: The Ethics of Forgiveness, Revenge, and Punishment / Satne, P., Scheiter, K.M. (eds.). - Cham : Springer. - 9783030778064 ; , s. 143-164
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter argues that we forgive for reasons and that not just any rea- son is a reason to forgive. A complete account of forgiveness must explain which reasons are reasons to forgive and which are not and the aim of this chapter is to offer such an explanation. I suggest that distinguishing between forgiving and ceas- ing to blame for the wrong kind of reasons helps to solve some perennial problems about forgiveness. And I argue that the only reason to forgive is an apparent change of heart on the part of the offender about their offence and the quality of will behind it. At the same time, ceasing to blame for the wrong kind of reason is not necessarily a bad thing to do. No less than forgiving, it can be a valuable and important way of responding to the moral conflicts that shape our shared moral lives.
|
|
| 43. |
- Mindus, Patricia
(författare)
-
Dimensions of Citizenship
- 2014
-
Ingår i: German Law Journal. - 2071-8322. ; 15:5, s. 735-750
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Maastricht Treaty (the “Treaty”) first introduced the status of EU citizenship. The twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Treaty, marked in 2013, was declared the European Year of the Citizen. Union citizenship has been understood as the world’s first post-national citizenship, although it is still complementary to national citizenships. EU citizens enjoy rights that have been expanded, modified, and reinterpreted in light of the EU integration process. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has been a driving force in this process. This twentieth anniversary has provided the occasio for this special issue. Indeed, much has happened over the last two decades. The Maastricht Treaty entered into force on the heels of German reunification, and afterwards, a series of EU treaties followed: The Amsterdam Treaty, the Nice Charter of Fundamental Rights, the aborted constitutionalization process and the Rome Treaty in 2004, and the Treaty of Lisbon. The Euro took over former national currencies in 2002; the enlargement process led to today’s twenty-eight Member States. But the ratio of this special issue is based on other events as linked to the 2008 financial crisis, bailouts, the fiscal compact, and similar measures. In a nutshell, the timeliness of this volume is linked to the current financial disarray. Since prognosis presupposes diagnosis, no further words are necessary as to the importance of this task. It is (almost) self-evident that before taking action and preparing for the future, one needs to address the very first question: Nosce te ipsum...
|
|
| 44. |
- Mindus, Patricia
(författare)
-
Realism Today: : On Dagan’s Quest Beyond Cynicism and Romanticism in Law
- 2015
-
Ingår i: International Journal for the Semiotics of Law. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0952-8059 .- 1572-8722. ; 28:2, s. 401-422
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the contribution by the contemporary legal realist Hanoch Dagan. Dagan’s brand of realism defines law on the basis of its institutions or social practices, not of its norms or rules. The paper first provides a critical overview of this realist theory of law: It is not synonymous with the predictive theory of law, with Leiter’s theory of judges, or Frank’s “breakfast theory”. By focusing on the role of judges and the methodology of legal reasoning, we discover that the core difference between realism and positivism lies in the claim that law is affected by a strong form of indeterminacy, stemming from the plurality of legal sources, not from the open texture of legal language as expressed in rules; and we are also able to distinguish this form of realism from contemporary movements in legal theory, such as critical legal studies and law & economics. The normative dimension of realism is also addressed: This theory of law develops a specific concept of justice, on the ground of a cognitivist theory of value.
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
- Munthe, Christian, 1962
(författare)
-
Filosofen som expert : The philosopher as expert
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Svensk Filosofi. ; :2021-11-02
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ibland pratar akademiker om ”tredje uppgiften”, att forskning ska ”nyttiggöras” i samhället och att forskare ”samverkar” med aktörer utanför akademin. För filosofer är nog den vanligaste idén att vår tredje uppgift är populär framställning av filosofiska idéer, och av offentlig debatt i frågor som tangerar filosofiska teman som kunskap, politik, rätt och moral. Men filosofer kan också nyttiggöra sitt särskilda kunnande som experter för olika organisationer och institutioner. Jag själv har varit filosofisk expert i olika sammanhang som beskrivs nedan. Jag har också varit medlem av expertgrupper för Sveriges regering och riksdag, Svenska läkaresällskapet, och – nu senast – Socialstyrelsen respektive en europeisk expertgrupp för pandemin Covid-19
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
- Nilsson, Bertil, 1951
(författare)
-
Ingmar Brohed 1940-2019. Minnesord.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Saga och sed: Kungl. Gustav Adolfs Akademiens årsbok. - 0586-5360. ; 2019, s. 36-39
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
