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1.
  • Westgård, Theresa, et al. (författare)
  • Comprehensive geriatric assessment pilot of a randomized control study in a Swedish acute hospital : a feasibility study
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Pilot and Feasibility Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-5784. ; 4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) represent an important component of geriatric acute hospital care for frail older people, secured by a multidisciplinary team who addresses the multiple needs of physical health, functional ability, psychological state, cognition and social status. The primary objective of the pilot study was to determine feasibility for recruitment and retention rates. Secondary objectives were to establish proof of principle that CGA has the potential to increase patient safety.Methods: The CGA pilot took place at a University hospital in Western Sweden, from March to November 2016, with data analyses in March 2017. Participants were frail people aged 75 and older, who required an acute admission to hospital. Participants were recruited and randomized in the emergency room. The intervention group received CGA, a person-centered multidisciplinary team addressing health, participation, and safety. The control group received usual care. The main objective measured the recruitment procedure and retention rates. Secondary objectives were also collected regarding services received on the ward including discharge plan, care plan meeting and hospital risk assessments including risk for falls, nutrition, decubitus ulcers, and activities of daily living status.Result: Participants were recruited from the emergency department, over 32 weeks. Thirty participants were approached and 100% (30/30) were included and randomized, and 100% (30/30) met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen participants were included in the intervention and 14 participants were included in the control. At baseline, 100% (16/16) intervention and 100% (14/14) control completed the data collection. A positive propensity towards the secondary objectives for the intervention was also evidenced, as this group received more care assessments. There was an average difference between the intervention and control in occupational therapy assessment - 0.80 [95% CI 1.06, - 0.57], occupational therapy assistive devices - 0.73 [95% CI 1.00, - 0.47], discharge planning -0.21 [95% CI 0.43, 0.00] and care planning meeting 0.36 [95% CI-1.70, -0.02]. Controlling for documented risk assessments, the intervention had for falls - 0.94 [95% CI 1.08, - 0.08], nutrition - 0.87 [95% CI 1.06, - 0.67], decubitus ulcers - 0.94 [95% CI 1.08, - 0.80], and ADL status - 0.80 [95% CI 1.04, - 0.57].Conclusion: The CGA pilot was feasible and proof that the intervention increased safety justifies carrying forward to a large-scale study.Trial registration: Clinical Trials ID: NCT02773914. Registered 16 May 2016.
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2.
  • Falk Erhag, Hanna, et al. (författare)
  • Introduction
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Capability in Age and Ageing. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030780654
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In 2020, for the first time in history, there were more people in the world aged 60 years and over than there were children below the age of 5 years. The population aged over 65 years is projected to increase from one billion in 2019 to more than two billion in 2050, and those aged over 80 years are projected to increase from 143 to 426 million, with the largest increase occurring in the developing world (UN World Population Prospects, 2019). This demographic trend constitutes the largest global health challenge, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). The European Union has set it as one of the major challenges in Horizon 2020 and it has important societal implications (European Commission, 2020). The proportion of retired individuals will increase, leading to an increased ratio between those who have exited the workforce and those still active in the labour market. Thus, ageing represents a global societal and scientific challenge requiring integrated efforts, multidisciplinary translational research approaches and social innovations that build on ideas of potentials and capabilities, emphasising the value of old age.
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3.
  • Benkel, Inger, et al. (författare)
  • Palliativ vård
  • 2016
  • Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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4.
  • Peolsson, Anneli, et al. (författare)
  • Return to work a bumpy road : a qualitative study on experiences of work ability and work situation in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorders
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 21:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Work resumption is a big challenge in the rehabilitation process for individuals with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). To better meet the needs of individuals with WAD in their return to work process, more knowledge on their experiences and perspectives is needed. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of work ability and the work situation of individuals who participated in a neck-specific exercise programme for chronic WAD.METHODS: This qualitative study has an exploratory and descriptive design based on data collected through open-ended interviews with 17 individuals with chronic WAD. Data were analysed inductively using conventional content analysis.RESULTS: Analysis of the data yielded the following five categories related to the participants' narratives on their experiences of work ability and their work situation: Return to work - a process of setbacks and bureaucracy; The need to be understood by health care professionals, and to receive a treatment plan; Individual resources are important for work ability; The consequences of reduced work ability; and Working conditions are important for work ability.CONCLUSION: Individuals with chronic WAD often struggle to return to work. Emotional and practical support from stakeholders is imperative and needs to be strengthened. Participating in a neck-specific exercise programme, including being acknowledged and receiving information about WAD, could positively affect the work ability of WAD sufferers. This study has provided management strategies to improve the ability to work for individuals with chronic WAD, and highlights the need to incorporate a healthy and sustainable return to work in the rehabilitation of individuals with WAD, thereby making their return to work a success.
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5.
  • Falk Erhag, Hanna, et al. (författare)
  • A Multidisciplinary Approach to Capability in Age and Ageing
  • 2022
  • Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This open access book provides insight on how to interpret capability in ageing – one’s individual ability to perform actions in order to reach goals one has reason to value – from a multidisciplinary approach. With for the first time in history there being more people in the world aged 60 years and over than there are children below the age of 5, the book describes this demographic trends as well as the large global challenges and important societal implications this will have such as a worldwide increase in the number of persons affected with dementia, and in the ratio of retired persons to those still in the labor market. Through contributions from many different research areas, it discussed how capability depends on interactions between the individual (e.g. health, genetics, personality, intellectual capacity), environment (e.g. family, friends, home, work place), and society (e.g. political decisions, ageism, historical period). The final chapter by the editors summarizes the differences and similarities in these contributions. As such this book provides an interesting read for students, teachers and researchers at different levels and from different fields interested in capability and multidisciplinary research.
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6.
  • Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve, 1950 (författare)
  • Fokusgruppsdiskussioner
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Handbok i kvalitativa metoder. - 9789147094462 ; , s. 71-82
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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7.
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8.
  • Gabrielsson, Hanna, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Views on everyday life among adults with spina bifida : an exploration through photovoice
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Co-Action Publishing. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 15:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to actively integrate expertise of persons living with spina bifida, to explore conditions embedded in their everyday life. This was important because young adults with spina bifida risk not being able to fully participate in the community on equal terms and in accordance with their own preferences. Photovoice, a community-based participatory research approach, was utilized to engage participants through dialogue and photography. An exhibition was created to share results with community and stakeholders. An overarching theme that characterized the experiences of the group was, "an adaptation for us, but it works for no one". Findings are presented as: "Accessibility-a never-ending project," "Tensions of a normative view," and "Power to influence." Findings integrated everyday life metaphors photographically depicted by broken elevators, unsafe transportation, closed doors and not experiencing real opportunities of involvement. Tensions in everyday life experienced by persons living with spina bifida can inform conditions relevant and necessary to support community participation, particulary among persons living with disability.
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9.
  • Berg, Charlotte, et al. (författare)
  • One Health : Samspelet mellan human-, djur- och ekosystemhälsa
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Vård, omsorg och rehabilitering utomhus. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144142364 ; , s. 97-112
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Sambandet mellan människors, djurs och ekosystems hälsa är viktigt för att målet "En gemensam hälsa" skall uppnås. I detta kapitel förklarar vi vad One Health är, vilka teorier som ligger bakom One Health, vilka centrala begrepp och perspektiv som är viktiga för området och forskning om kopplingen mellan människors och djurs hälsa, människors och miljöns hälsa, samt djurens och miljöns hälsa. Vi tar upp olika aspekter rörande lantbruksdjur, sällskapsdjur och vilda djur och hur det sätt vi föder upp och sköter dem på påverkar miljön, och i det långa loppet även människor. Vi beskriver hur djurs sjukdomar kan påverka människors hälsa och omvänt, samt One Health-perspektivets koppling till vård, omsorg och rehabilitering utomhus.
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10.
  • Josephsson, Staffan, et al. (författare)
  • Using Ricoeur's notions on narrative interpretation as a resource in supporting person-centredness in health and social care.
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nursing Philosophy. - : Wiley. - 1466-769X .- 1466-7681. ; 23:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article suggests a shift in focus from stories as verbal accounts to narrative interpretation of the every day as a resource for achieving person-centred health and social care. The aim is to explore Ricoeur's notion of narrative and action, as expressed in his arguments on a threefold mimesis process, using this as a grounding for the use of narration to achieve person-centredness in health and social care practice. This focus emerged from discussions on this matter at the IPONS conference in Gothenburg, 2021. Based on philosophical resources from Ricoeur's notions of narrative and action developed in his arguments on a threefold mimesis process, we propose a wider use of stories in health and social care practices. We suggest expanding from only focusing on verbal accounts to focusing on narrative as a human way to interpret and make sense of everyday life and circumstances and to communicate possible meanings. We discuss how such complementary focus can be a resource in getting patients involved and collaborating in their health and social care and thereby help develop person-centred practices.
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11.
  • Weimer, A. K., et al. (författare)
  • Physical Activity in People Age 80 Years and Older as a Means of Counteracting Disability, Balanced in Relation to Frailty
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. - : Human Kinetics. - 1063-8652 .- 1543-267X. ; 20:3, s. 317-331
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to describe experiences of physical activity, perceived meaning, and the importance of and motives and barriers for participation in physical activity in people 80 years of age and older. A qualitative design with focus-group methodology was used. The sample consisted of 20 communityliving people age 80–91 yr. Data analyses revealed 4 themes: physical activity as a part of everything else in life, joie de vivre, fear of disease and dependence, and perceptions of frailty. Our results suggest that physical activity was not seen as a separate activity but rather as a part of activities often rated as more important than the physical activity itself. Thus, when designing physical activity interventions for elderly people, health care providers should consider including time for social interaction and possibilities to be outdoors. Moreover, assessment of physical activity levels among elderly people should include the physical activity in everyday activities.
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12.
  • Mohammad, Salahuddin, et al. (författare)
  • Job satisfaction and job tenure of people with mental health disorders : a UK Biobank cohort study
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:8, s. 1248-1257
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims:Job satisfaction plays an important role for the life quality and health of working individuals. While studies have shown that self-reported mental health conditions such as stress, anxiety and depression are associated with job satisfaction, a large population-based study exploring and comparing self-reported physician posed diagnosed conditions and their association with job satisfaction and job tenure is missing. This study addresses the gap along with exploring the impact of the neurotic personality trait and other possible contributing factors.Methods:Sixteen mental health disorders diagnosed by physicians, categorised into four major groups were investigated in relation to employment status (108,711 participants) and in relation to job satisfaction and job tenure (34,808 participants). Analyses were performed using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, townsend deprivation index, body mass index, education, physical activity, work hours and neuroticism.Results:Neurotic and stress disorders, eating disorders and other mental health disorders were strongly associated with lower job satisfaction and shorter job tenure in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Neuroticism was strongly linked to job satisfaction but was not associated with job tenure.Conclusions:Study findings clarify the complex relationship of mental health with job satisfaction and job tenure, which is very important to understand in designing measures to improve working life participation of individuals with mental health issues.
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13.
  • Eliasson, Ann-Christin, 1950-, et al. (författare)
  • Mini-MACS : development of the Manual Ability Classification System for children younger than 4 years of age with signs of cerebral palsy
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. - : Mac Keith Press. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 59:1, s. 72-78
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: To develop the Mini-Manual Ability Classification System (Mini-MACS) and to evaluate the extent to which its ratings are valid and reliable when children younger than 4 years are rated by their parents and therapists.METHOD: The Mini-MACS was created by making adjustments to the MACS. The development involved a pilot project, consensus discussions within an expert group, and the creation of a test version of the Mini-MACS that was evaluated for content validity and interrater reliability. A convenience sample of 61 children with signs of cerebral palsy aged 12 to 51 months (mean age 30.2mo [SD 10.1]) were classified by one parent and two occupational therapists across a total of 64 assessments. Agreement between the parents' and therapists' ratings was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the percentage of agreement.RESULTS: The first sentence of the five levels in the MACS was kept, but other descriptions within the Mini-MACS were adjusted to be more relevant for the younger age group. The ICC between parents and therapists was 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79-0.92), and for the two therapists it was 0.97 (95% CI 0.78-0.92). Most parents and therapists found the descriptions in the Mini-MACS suitable and easy to understand.INTERPRETATION: The Mini-MACS seems applicable for children from 1 to 4 years of age.
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14.
  • Kassberg, Ann-Charlotte, et al. (författare)
  • Ability to manage everyday technology after acquired brain injury
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 27:13-14, s. 1583-1588
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: To investigate and describe how persons with an acquired brain injury (ABI) manage everyday technology (ET) in their daily activities and to explore whether the ability to manage ET was related to the severity of the disability. Method: Eighty-one persons with ABI were observed while managing ET by using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META). The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) was used to assess the severity of disability after the ABI. A computer application of a Rasch measurement model was used to generate measures of the participants’ ability to manage ET and the measures were compared groupwise with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The degree of severity of disability had a significant main effect on the ability to manage ET. The groups with severe and moderate disability exhibited a significantly lower ability to manage ET compared to the group with good recovery. Conclusion: The result indicates that the ability to manage ET in daily activities can be related to the global severity of disability after ABI. This demonstrates the importance of considering the ability to manage ET to support the performance of activities at home, at work and in society in persons with ABI.
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15.
  • Matérne, Marie, 1967-, et al. (författare)
  • The utility of goal attainment scaling in evaluating a structured water dance intervention for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 7:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) have problems to be actively involved in essential life activities that affect their health. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of goal attainment scaling (GAS) in evaluating an intervention for adults with PIMD, and to describe how the GAS goals were set according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains of body function as well as activity and participation.Method: As part of an aquatic intervention (Structured water dance), 28 adults with PIMD received GAS goals which were adapted to their individual needs and which the intervention could affect.Result: Twenty of the goals were formulated within the ICF Activity/Participation domain and eight within the Body Functions domains. On average, participants improved by 1.25 levels on the five-level GAS scales.Conclusion: GAS can be a useful tool for setting and evaluating individualized and meaningful goals, in body functions as well as in activity and participation, related to a healthpromoting activity for adults with PIMD.
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16.
  • Müllersdorf, Maria, et al. (författare)
  • What, Why, How – Creative Activities in Occupational Therapy Practice in Sweden
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 23:4, s. 369-378
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Creative activities have historically been used in occupational therapy, and although their usage has declined in recent decades, they are still used in Swedish practice. The aim of this study was to better understand how occupational therapists use creative activities in practice. A web-based survey was sent to 520 occupational therapists, of which 304 (58.5%) responded. The main reason identified for using creative activities was to strengthen the client's occupational performance, well-being and self-esteem. The expected outcomes of applying creative activities were to support the client in self-expression and experiencing joy and desire. More than half of the occupational therapist respondents did not use creative activities to the extent they desired. Creative activities in occupational therapy are still used as a vital treatment to strengthen the clients' occupational performance abilities. The survey has looked at only a professional perspective on effectiveness of applying creative activities in occupational therapy. More research is needed to evaluate how occupational therapists internationally apply creative activities. There is also a need to gain information from the client's perspective on the therapeutic value of creative activities. 
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17.
  • Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve, 1950, et al. (författare)
  • For whom is a health-promoting intervention effective? : Predictive factors for performing activities of daily living independently
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2318. ; 16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Health-promoting interventions tailored to support older persons to remain in their homes, so-called “ageing in place” is important for supporting or improving their health. The health-promoting programme “Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone,” (EPRZ) was set up for this purpose and has shown positive results for maintaining independence in activities of daily living for older persons 80 years and above at 1- and 2 year follow-ups. The aim of this study was to explore factors for maintaining independence in the EPRZ health-promoting programme. Methods: Total of 459 participants in the original trial was included in the analysis; 345 in the programme arm and 114 in the control arm. Thirteen variables, including demographic, health, and programme-specific indicators, were chosen as predictors for independence of activities of daily living. Logistic regression was performed separately for participants in the health promotion programme and in the control arm. Results: In the programme arm, being younger, living alone and self-rated lack of tiredness in performing mobility activities predicted a positive effect of independence in activities of daily living at 1-year follow-up (odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 1.73, 3.02) and 2-year, (OR 1.13, 2.01, 2.02). In the control arm, being less frail was the only predictor at 1-year follow up (OR 1.6 1.09, 2.4); no variables predicted the outcome at the 2-year follow-up. Conclusions: Older persons living alone - as a risk of ill health - should be especially recognized and offered an opportunity to participate in health-promoting programmes such as “Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone”. Further, screening for subjective frailty could form an advantageous guiding principle to target the right population when deciding to whom health-promoting intervention should be offered. Trial registration: The original clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT00877058 , April 6, 2009. 
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18.
  • Falk Erhag, Hanna, et al. (författare)
  • Concluding Remarks
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Capability in Age and Ageing. - Chem : Springer. - 9783030780654 ; 18:2, s. 143-144
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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19.
  • Gunnarsson, A Birgitta, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • A study protocol of the photo-supported conversations about the well-being intervention (Be Well (TM)) for people with stress related disorders
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Bmc Psychology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2050-7283. ; 9:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Stress-related illnesses constitute a huge problem in society. The primary care services in Sweden form the first line of care whose role is to coordinate interventions for reducing symptoms, as well as health-promoting interventions. There is lack of knowledge concerning health-promoting interventions for these illnesses. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether photo-supported conversations about well-being (Be Well (TM)) as an intervention, in addition to care as usual within the primary care services, improves health and well-being for patients with stress-related illnesses. The intervention will be compared to a control group, who receive care as usual. A further aim is to conduct a process evaluation. Methods/Design: This ongoing project has a quasi-experimental design, using quantitative and qualitative methods, and includes patients from primary care centres in two Swedish counties. Seventy patients, 20-67 years, with stress-related illnesses will be recruited. They constitute an intervention group, which receive the intervention together with care as usual, and a control group, which receive care as usual. The intervention, photo-supported conversations about well-being, involves 12 sessions. Care as usual entails medication, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and/or psychotherapy. Data collection is carried out at baseline, and outcomes are assessed directly after the intervention, as well as six months after completion of the intervention. The outcomes are evaluated based on factors related to health, well-being and everyday occupations. Furthermore, data concerning experiences of well-being and perceptions of the intervention will be collected in interviews. The therapists will also be interviewed about their experiences of performing the intervention. Data will be analysed with non-parametric statistics, and qualitative methodology. Discussion: The project is based on the concept that focusing on well-being despite living with stress-related illness may positively impact health and well-being as well as activity-related aspects, and that photo-supported conversations about well-being can contribute a complement to other treatment and rehabilitation. A strength is the use of a wide range of methods: such as quantitative measures, photographs, and qualitative interviews with participants and therapists. The results will thus provide knowledge about potential effects of this health-promoting intervention.
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20.
  • Gunnarsson, A Birgitta, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • Catching sight of well-being despite a stress-related disorder
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 29:8, s. 699-707
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Stress-related disorders cause suffering and difficulties in managing occupations and relationships in everyday life. A previous study of women with stress-related disorders, who photographed well-being and talked about the photographs in interviews, showed that moments of well-being still exist but further knowledge is needed about their perceptions of participating in such a study. Aim To describe how people with stress-related disorders experience taking photographs related to well-being in everyday life and reflecting on and talking about these photographs. Material and methods Twelve women, 27-54 years with stress-related disorders were recruited from primary healthcare centres. They participated in interviews based on the photographs and qualitative content analysis was used. Results One theme 'catching a glimpse of and momentarily capturing well-being' and four categories were identified: 'Photographing moments of well-being visualizes well-being', 'Using photographs could either facilitate or complicate the narrative', 'Changing perspective in everyday life' and 'Creating recollections of well-being'. Conclusions and significance Introducing a focus on well-being in everyday life despite living with a stress-related disorder might contribute a valuable complement to stress rehabilitation for occupational therapists and other health professionals. Using photographs as a basis for reflections about everyday life and health/well-being also seems positive for this group.
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21.
  • Östlund, Gunnel, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • Lived experiences of sex life difficulties in men and women with early RA – The Swedish TIRA Project
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Musculoskeletal Care. - : Wiley. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 13:4, s. 248-257
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Men and women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experience restrictions in everyday life, in spite of the development of new medications. Recent research has described in detail how participation limitations are experienced in everyday life from a patient perspective. However, knowledge of how sex and intimate relationships are affected is still scarce.Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore sex life experiences in relation to sexual function and sexual relationships in men and women with early RA.Methods: The study formed part of TIRA-2 (the Swedish acronym for the prospective multicentre early arthritis project). The data collection included 45 interviews with 21 men and 24 women, aged 20–63, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The critical incident technique was used to collect data, and content analysis to categorize the results.Results: Half the participants stated that RA affected their sex life. The general descriptions formed five categories: sex life and tiredness; sex life and ageing; emotional consequences of impaired sexual function; facilitators of sexual function and sexual relationships; and strain on the sexual relationship.Conclusions: Sex life is affected in early RA, in spite of new effective treatment strategies. New strategies of communication, assessment and self-managing interventions concerning the sex lives of patients with RA need to be implemented by a multidisciplinary healthcare team.
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22.
  • Björklund, Anita, et al. (författare)
  • Femton arbetsterapeutstudenters paradigmutveckling genom utbildning och yrkespraktik : en sexårsstudie
  • 2007
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Studien handlar om paradigmutveckling hos arbetsterapeutstudenter, senare arbetsterapeuter, under en sexårsperiod. Speciellt studeras deras världsbild och verksamhetssyn enligt Törnebohms paradigmteori. Kvalitativ data samlades in genom essäfrågor, första veckan och sista terminen på arbetsterapeutprogrammet vid Hälsohögskolan i Jönköping, samt efter tre års yrkespraktik. Genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys framträdde informanternas syn på arbetsterapi vilken kan karaktäriseras som "allmänhetens syn" 1995, "teoretisk syn" 1998 och en "erfarenhetsbaserad/kontextuell syn" 2001.
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23.
  • Kaelin, Vera C., et al. (författare)
  • Artificial intelligence in rehabilitation targeting the participation of children and youth with disabilities : Scoping review
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications. - 1438-8871. ; 23:11
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: In the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in research on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve child and youth participation in daily life activities, which is a key rehabilitation outcome. However, existing reviews place variable focus on participation, are narrow in scope, and are restricted to select diagnoses, hindering interpretability regarding the existing scope of AI applications that target the participation of children and youth in a pediatric rehabilitation setting.Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to examine how AI is integrated into pediatric rehabilitation interventions targeting the participation of children and youth with disabilities or other diagnosed health conditions in valued activities.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using established Applied Health Sciences and Computer Science databases. Two independent researchers screened and selected the studies based on a systematic procedure. Inclusion criteria were as follows: participation was an explicit study aim or outcome or the targeted focus of the AI application; AI was applied as part of the provided and tested intervention; children or youth with a disability or other diagnosed health conditions were the focus of either the study or AI application or both; and the study was published in English. Data were mapped according to the types of AI, the mode of delivery, the type of personalization, and whether the intervention addressed individual goal-setting.Results: The literature search identified 3029 documents, of which 94 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies used multiple applications of AI with the highest prevalence of robotics (72/94, 77%) and human-machine interaction (51/94, 54%). Regarding mode of delivery, most of the included studies described an intervention delivered in-person (84/94, 89%), and only 11% (10/94) were delivered remotely. Most interventions were tailored to groups of individuals (93/94, 99%). Only 1% (1/94) of interventions was tailored to patients’ individually reported participation needs, and only one intervention (1/94, 1%) described individual goal-setting as part of their therapy process or intervention planning.Conclusions: There is an increasing amount of research on interventions using AI to target the participation of children and youth with disabilities or other diagnosed health conditions, supporting the potential of using AI in pediatric rehabilitation. On the basis of our results, 3 major gaps for further research and development were identified: a lack of remotely delivered participation-focused interventions using AI; a lack of individual goal-setting integrated in interventions; and a lack of interventions tailored to individually reported participation needs of children, youth, or families.
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24.
  • Khetani, Mary A., et al. (författare)
  • Early intervention service intensity and young children's home participation
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: BMC Pediatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2431. ; 20:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Young children with developmental disabilities and delays spend significant amounts of time at home, show decreased participation in home-based activities, and receive home-based early intervention services to improve participation in activities. Yet, knowledge about the relationship between EI service use and children’s home participation in activities remains poorly understood but needed for program improvement. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationships between EI service use and children’s home participation.Methods: In a cross-sectional design, data were gathered from caregivers (N = 139) who enrolled in a pilot trial of the Young Children’s Participation in Environment Measure (YC-PEM) electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO), as implemented within 1 month of their child’s next EI progress evaluation. A series of path analytic models were used to estimate EI service intensity as a predictor of parent-reported young children’s home participation 1) frequency, 2) level of involvement, and 3) desired change, adjusting for family and child social and functional characteristics. Models included caregiver perceptions of home environmental support to test its indirect (i.e., mediation) effects on the relationship between EI service intensity and each of the three home participation dimensions.Results: All three models fit the data well (comparative fit index = 1.00). EI service intensity was not a significant predictor of participation frequency. However, EI service intensity had a significant direct effect on a child’s participation according to level of involvement and desired change, explaining between 13.3–33.5% of the variance in home participation. Caregiver perceptions of environmental support had a small yet significant indirect effect on the relationship between EI service intensity and level of involvement and desired change; these models explained between 18.5–38.1% of the variance in home participation.Conclusions: EI service intensity has important links with involvement in and desired change for home-based activities. Caregiver perceptions of environmental support appears to be a factor in the relationship between EI service intensity and home participation. Results warrant longitudinal replication with a control group, which would be possible with the implementation of the YC-PEM e-PRO in a routine EI clinical workflow.
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25.
  • Oh, Hui Xian, et al. (författare)
  • The effectiveness of self-management interventions with action-taking components in improving health-related outcomes for adult stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1464-5165 .- 0963-8288. ; 44:25, s. 7751-7766
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesise the evidence of the effectiveness of self-management interventions with action-taking components in improving self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and depression for adult stroke survivors. Materials and methods Nine electronic databases were searched for relevant studies, including grey literature and ongoing studies. Randomised controlled trials targeting adult stroke survivors comparing health-related outcomes of patients receiving self-management interventions with action-taking components to usual care, placebo, or no-treatment were included. Screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Results A total of seventeen studies were included. Meta-analyses showed that the intervention may result in a slight increase in self-efficacy (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI [0.07-0.52], p = 0.010, I-2 = 47%) and basic activities of daily living (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.16-0.46], p < 0.001, I-2 = 0%), but not for the other outcomes. Conclusions Self-management interventions with action-taking components may result in a slight improvement in self-efficacy and rehabilitation of basic activities of daily living. Future research should investigate which core self-management skill, or combination of them, is most effective in improving short-term and long-term outcomes.
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26.
  • Penzenstadler, Birgit, et al. (författare)
  • Take a deep breath: Benefits of neuroplasticity practices for software developers and computer workers in a family of experiments
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Empirical Software Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1382-3256 .- 1573-7616. ; 27:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Context Computer workers in general, and software developers specifically, are under a high amount of stress due to continuous deadlines and, often, over-commitment. Objective This study investigates the effects of a neuroplasticity practice, a specific breathing practice, on the attention awareness, well-being, perceived productivity, and self-efficacy of computer workers. Method The intervention was a 12-week program with a weekly live session that included a talk on a well-being topic and a facilitated group breathing session. During the intervention period, we solicited one daily journal note and one weekly well-being rating. We created a questionnaire mainly from existing, validated scales as entry and exit survey for data points for comparison before and after the intervention. We replicated the intervention in a similarly structured 8-week program. The data was analyzed using Bayesian multi-level models for the quantitative part and thematic analysis for the qualitative part. Results The intervention showed improvements in participants' experienced inner states despite an ongoing pandemic and intense outer circumstances for most. Over the course of the study, we found an improvement in the participants' ratings of how often they found themselves in good spirits as well as in a calm and relaxed state. We also aggregate a large number of deep inner reflections and growth processes that may not have surfaced for the participants without deliberate engagement in such a program. Conclusion The data indicates usefulness and effectiveness of an intervention for computer workers in terms of increasing well-being and resilience. Everyone needs a way to deliberately relax, unplug, and recover. A breathing practice is a simple way to do so, and the results call for establishing a larger body of work to make this common practice.
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27.
  • Ramsten, Camilla, 1986-, et al. (författare)
  • A balance of social inclusion and risks : Staff perceptions of information and communication technology in the daily life of young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability in a social care context
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities. - Hoboken : Wiley. - 1741-1122 .- 1741-1130. ; 16:3, s. 171-179
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Information and communication technology (ICT) has increased in importance and facilitates participation in several life areas throughout society. However, young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability make less use ICT than the general population. Disability services staff play a central role in supporting and enabling service users in daily life, and their perceptions of ICT are important to their role in service provision. The aim of the study is to describe staff perceptions of the role of ICT and how it affects daily life in young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability living in residential homes. Focus group interviews and individual interviews were conducted with staff working in residential homes in which young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability live. All materials were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using latent content analysis. Staff perceived ICT and, more specifically, the Internet as being supportive of both daily life and social relationships of these young adults, but they also viewed ICT as posing social risks. Perceptions of and support for ICT were related to staff perceptions about what is appropriate and manageable in relation to an individual resident's functioning level. Staff members also considered the views of parents about appropriate content when providing support. Staff in residential homes for young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability use their implicit moral judgment about the use of ICT by residents. Their enablement of and support for ICT are not primarily based on the service user's wishes or interests. This finding implies a risk that the organization of a conflict-free service provision is a higher priority than service users' participation in social life.
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28.
  • Sjöblom, Margareta, et al. (författare)
  • From 9 to 91 : health promotion through the life-course—illuminating the inner child
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press. - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 36:4, s. 1062-1071
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A life-course perspective is according to the World Health Organization about increasing the effectiveness of health promotion interventions at all ages. This targets the needs of human beings throughout their life. Descriptions of the phenomenon of the inner child invite the possibility that it may be of help when promoting health throughout the life-course. The aim was to describe and understand schoolchildren's, adults and older person's experiences of childhood in connection to health and well-being in the present and through the life-course, illuminating the inner child. The research strategy used was a secondary analysis of the original transcribed data from three Swedish studies investigating new questions. In total, 53 individuals aged 9-91, 20 school children, 20 adults and 13 older persons were interviewed about childhood experiences. The schoolchildren were invited to create a drawing, and to narrate about it during the interview. The main question in the secondary analysis was 'How do the participants' narrations about childhood experiences illuminate the inner child, useful for health promotion through the life-course?' The findings showed the importance of a secure atmosphere and trusting relationships, indicating that experiences during childhood can help us to adapt and pass along life lessons across generations. There were narratives about play as an activity where they learned to promote a healthy childhood, struggle for independence and learning how to be responsible when growing up. Dimensions of mental, social and existential well-being can be seen as examples of the inner child's role in health promotion through the life-course.
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29.
  • Sjöblom, Margareta, et al. (författare)
  • Schoolchildren’s play : A tool for health education
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Health Education Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 0017-8969 .- 1748-8176. ; 79:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: The purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge about the phenomenon of the inner child in relation to health and well-being as reflected in play experienced by schoolchildren. Design/method: Participants were 20 schoolchildren recruited from a primary school in a medium-size city in central Sweden. The children who agreed to participate were 14 girls and 6 boys aged between 9 and 10 years old in grade 3. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to analyse the data consisting of the schoolchildren’s drawings and transcribed interviews. Participants’ verbal reflections on their drawings enabled deeper insight into their lived experiences of play. Results: Findings from this study demonstrate how schoolchildren are influenced by the inner child in childhood to handle conflicts, to cope, to make choices, to build relationships to connect and to dream about the future. The schoolchildren in this study developed their coping skills in conflict situations as part of friendship making. Conclusion: The value play offers for health and well-being reveals how schoolchildren are influenced by the inner child in childhood. Gaining knowledge from schoolchildren’s own voices about play makes a worthwhile contribution to research. In addition, the value play provides to schoolchildren’s health and well-being suggest that play can be an important tool as part of health education.
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30.
  • Gosman-Hedström, Gunilla, 1947 (författare)
  • Vårdalinstitutets tematiska rum om stroke
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Förbundet Sveriges Arbetsterapeuter At - Forum och Nordisk kongress för arbetsterapeuter. Stockholm 19-20 April, Sweden.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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31.
  • Åkerström, Magnus, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Methodological approach for measuring the effects of organisational-level interventions on employee withdrawal behaviour
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 94:7, s. 1671-1686
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Theoretical frameworks have recommended organisational-level interventions to decrease employee withdrawal behaviours such as sickness absence and employee turnover. However, evaluation of such interventions has produced inconclusive results. The aim of this study was to investigate if mixed-effects models in combination with time series analysis, process evaluation, and reference group comparisons could be used for evaluating the effects of an organisational-level intervention on employee withdrawal behaviour. Methods: Monthly data on employee withdrawal behaviours (sickness absence, employee turnover, employment rate, and unpaid leave) were collected for 58 consecutive months (before and after the intervention) for intervention and reference groups. In total, eight intervention groups with a total of 1600 employees participated in the intervention. Process evaluation data were collected by process facilitators from the intervention team. Overall intervention effects were assessed using mixed-effects models with an AR (1) covariance structure for the repeated measurements and time as fixed effect. Intervention effects for each intervention group were assessed using time series analysis. Finally, results were compared descriptively with data from process evaluation and reference groups to disentangle the organisational-level intervention effects from other simultaneous effects. Results: All measures of employee withdrawal behaviour indicated statistically significant time trends and seasonal variability. Applying these methods to an organisational-level intervention resulted in an overall decrease in employee withdrawal behaviour. Meanwhile, the intervention effects varied greatly between intervention groups, highlighting the need to perform analyses at multiple levels to obtain a full understanding. Results also indicated that possible delayed intervention effects must be considered and that data from process evaluation and reference group comparisons were vital for disentangling the intervention effects from other simultaneous effects. Conclusions: When analysing the effects of an intervention, time trends, seasonal variability, and other changes in the work environment must be considered. The use of mixed-effects models in combination with time series analysis, process evaluation, and reference groups is a promising way to improve the evaluation of organisational-level interventions that can easily be adopted by others.
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32.
  • Barenfeld, Emmelie, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Understanding the "black box" of a health-promotion program : Keys to enable health among older persons aging in the context of migration
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 10:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although the need to make health services more accessible to persons who have migrated has been identified, knowledge about health-promotion programs (HPPs) from the perspective of older persons born abroad is lacking. This study explores the design experiences and content implemented in an adapted version of a group-based HPP developed in a researchercommunity partnership. Fourteen persons aged 70-83 years or older who had migrated to Sweden from Finland or the Balkan Peninsula were included. A grounded theory approach guided the data collection and analysis. The findings showed how participants and personnel jointly helped raise awareness. The participants experienced three key processes that could open doors to awareness: enabling community, providing opportunities to understand and be understood, and confirming human values and abilities. Depending on how the HPP content and design are being shaped by the group, the key processes could both inhibit or encourage opening doors to awareness. Therefore, this study provides key insights into how to enable health by deepening the understanding of how the exchange of health-promoting messages is experienced to be facilitated or hindered. This study adds to the scientific knowledge base of how the design and content of HPP may support and recognize the capabilities of persons aging in the context of migration. 
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33.
  • Norin, Lizette, et al. (författare)
  • Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; , s. 1-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method: Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings: Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grabbars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion: Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.
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34.
  • Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve, 1950, et al. (författare)
  • Comprehensive geriatric assessment of frail older people: ideals and reality
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; 32:6, s. 728-734
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We explored different professionals’ views on and experiences of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) of frail older people. Forty-six professionals working in hospitals, primary care, or municipal health and social care participated in 10 focus groups. Professional groups comprised of occupational therapists, physiotherapists, nurses, physicians, and social workers. Participants shared an ideal image of how the CGA of frail elderly people should be conducted. Experience-based competence was more often used as an assessment tool than standardized tests. The ideal image contrasted with reality, listening to the needs expressed, with the person’s problems, needs, and priorities in the foreground, as described by the categories: a need that can be met; different perspectives on needs; needs can be hidden; and needs assessment is affected by the collaboration around the person, by the context, and by the dialogue. The health and social care professionals’ first priority is to make a person-centred tailor-made comprehensive geriatric assessment and not be bound to instruments. Clear guidelines need to be developed, stating which profession assesses what, when and how in order to ensure that person-centred needs are assessed including structures and procedures for how communication and collaboration within the team as well as between the organizations are achieved in order to perform a good person-centred CGA.
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35.
  •  
36.
  • Elf, Marie, 1962-, et al. (författare)
  • The home as a place for rehabilitation-What is needed?
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Architecture for Residential Care and Ageing Communities: Spaces for Dwelling and Healthcare. - New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. : Routledge. - 9780367358730 ; , s. 252-266, s. 252-266
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This chapter aims to contribute to an understanding of the physical environment as an important part of the rehabilitation process for patients recovering from a stroke who rehabilitate at home. To further develop evidence-based care models for rehabilitation at home and incorporate person-environment dynamics, an understanding of how environmental factors relate to everyday life and recovering at home is crucial, especially for persons with long-term conditions, such as stroke survivors. Along with highlighting the challenges for the stroke survivors when rehabilitated at home, we discuss initiatives and intervention needed. We also present important theories that can be used in research in order to increase the knowledge of the person-environment interaction from a societal perspective vital to increase our knowledge of home and health dynamics in this context.
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37.
  • Ekvall Hansson, Eva, et al. (författare)
  • Gait flexibility among older persons significantly more impaired in fallers than non-fallers-a longitudinal study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:13, s. 1-13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Gait disorders are a relevant factor for falls and possible to measure with wearable devices. If a wearable sensor can detect differences in gait parameters between fallers and non-fallers has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to measure and compare gait parameters, vestibular function, and balance performance between fallers and non-fallers among a group of older persons. Participants were senior members (n = 101) of a Swedish non-profit gymnastic association. Gait parameters were obtained using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that the participants wore on the leg while walking an obstacle course and on an even surface. Vestibular function was assessed by the Head-shake test, the Head impulse test, and the Dix-Hallpike maneuver. Balance was assessed by the Timed Up and Go, the Timed Up and Go manual, and the Timed Up and Go cognitive tests. Falls during the 12-month follow-up period were monitored using fall diaries. Forty-two persons (41%) had fallen during the 12-month follow-up. Fallers had more limited ability to vary their gait (gait flexibility) than non-fallers (p < 0.001). No other differences between fallers and non-fallers were found. The use of gait flexibility, captured by an IMU, seems better for identifying future fallers among healthy older persons than Timed Up and Go or Timed Up and Go combined with a cognitive or manual task.
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38.
  • Fristedt, Sofi, et al. (författare)
  • Factors Influencing the Use of Evidence-Based Practice among Physiotherapists and Occupational Therapists in Their Clinical Work
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences & Practice. - : NSUWorks. - 1540-580X. ; 14:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a process through which research is applied in daily clinical practice. Occupational therapists (OTs) and physiotherapists (PTs) are expected to work in line with EBP in order to optimise health care resources. This expectation is too seldom fulfilled. Consequently, research findings may not be implemented in clinical practice in a timely manner, or at all. To remedy this situation, additional knowledge is needed regarding what factors influence the process of EBP among practitioners. The purpose of the present study was to identify factors that influence the use of EBP and the experienced effects of the use of EBP among PTs and OTs in their clinical work. Method: This was a qualitative interview study that consisted of six group interviews involving either OTs or PTs employed by the Jönköping County Council in the South of Sweden. Resulting data were analysed using content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in the following categories: “definition of evidence and EBP”, “sources of evidence”, “barriers to acquiring evidence and to using evidence in clinical work”, “factors that facilitate the acquisition of evidence and the use of evidence in clinical work”, and “personal experiences of using EBP”. Basing clinical practice on scientific evidence evoked positive experiences, although an ambivalent view towards acting on clinical experience was evident. Participants reported that time for and increased knowledge about searching for, evaluating, and implementing EBP were needed. Conclusion: Because OTs are more oriented towards professional theories and models, and PTs are more focused on randomised controlled trials of interventions, different strategies appear to be needed to increase EBP in these two professions. Management support was considered vital to the implementation of EBP. However, the personal obligation to work in line with EBP must also be emphasised; the participants apparently underestimate its importance.
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39.
  • Jörgensen, Sophie, et al. (författare)
  • Depressive symptoms among older adults with long-Term spinal cord injury : Associations with secondary health conditions, sense of coherence, coping strategies and physical activity
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 49:8, s. 644-651
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: To assess the presence of depressive symptoms among older adults with long-Term spinal cord injury and investigate the association with sociodemographic and injury characteristics; and to determine how potentially modifiable factors, i.e. secondary health conditions, sense of coherence, coping strategies and leisure-Time physical activity, are associated with depressive symptoms. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: A total of 122 individuals (70% men, injury levels C1-L5, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale A-D), mean age 63 years, mean time since injury 24 years. Methods: Data from the Swedish Aging with Spinal Cord Injury Study, collected using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15, the 13-item Sense of Coherence Scale, the Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire and the Physical Activity Recall Assessment for people with Spinal Cord Injury. Associations were analysed using multivariable linear regression. Results: A total of 29% reported clinically relevant depressive symptoms and 5% reported probable depression. Sense of coherence, the coping strategy Acceptance, neuropathic pain and leisure-Time physical activity explained 53% of the variance in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Older adults with long-Term spinal cord injury report a low presence of probable depression. Mental health may be supported through rehabilitation that strengthens the ability to understand and confront life stressors, promotes acceptance of the injury, provides pain management and encourages participation in leisure-Time physical activity.
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40.
  • Tuvesson, Hanna, et al. (författare)
  • Stress of Conscience among psychiatric nursing staff in relation to environmental and individual factors
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Nursing Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 0969-7330 .- 1477-0989. ; 19:2, s. 208-19
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between environmental and individual factors and Stress of Conscience among nursing staff in psychiatric in-patient care. A questionnaire involving six different instruments measuring Stress of Conscience, the ward atmosphere, the psychosocial work environment, Perceived Stress, Moral Sensitivity, and Mastery was answered by 93 nursing staff at 12 psychiatric in-patient wards in Sweden. The findings showed that Sense of Moral Burden, Mastery, Control at Work and Angry and Aggressive Behavior were related to Stress of Conscience. We conclude that Mastery and Control at Work seemed to work as protective factors, while Sense of Moral Burden and perceptions of Angry and Aggressive Behavior made the nursing staff more vulnerable to Stress of Conscience. Future research should investigate whether measures to increase the level of perceived control and being part of decision making will decrease the level of Stress of Conscience among the staff.
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41.
  • Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al. (författare)
  • Conceptual relationships between the ICF and experiences of mealtimes and related tasks among persons with Parkinson’s disease
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Nordic journal of nursing research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2057-1585 .- 2057-1593. ; 36:4, s. 201-208
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim was to investigate experiences of mealtimes and related tasks among people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to link these conceptually to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Data were collected by use of semi-structured interviews of 19 people with PD. Inductive content analysis resulted in five categories: 1) Managing mealtime preparations and related tasks, 2) Compromised physical control, 3) Difficulties enjoying meals, 4) Difficulties eating together with others, and 5) Strategies to maintain conventional norms and independence. Deductive content analysis linked the categories to the ICF categories: body functions (mental, sensory, neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions); activities (self-determination and chores); participation (interpersonal interactions and relationships); and environmental factors (conventional norms, attitudes of friends and strangers). Emotional and involuntary movement functions were represented in all five inductively derived categories. Eating difficulties may have negative consequences on participation and the emotional wellbeing of people with Parkinson’s disease.
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42.
  • Almberg, Maria, et al. (författare)
  • Experiences of facilitators or barriers in driving education from learner and novice drivers with ADHD or ASD and their driving instructors
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 20:2, s. 59-67
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Little is known about whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) experience any specific facilitators or barriers to driving education.Objective: To explore the facilitators or barriers to driving education experienced by individuals with ASD or ADHD who obtained a learner’s permit, from the perspective of the learner drivers and their driving instructors.Methods: Data were collected from 33 participants with ASD or ADHD, and nine of their driving instructors.Results: Participants with ASD required twice as many driving lessons and more on-road tests than those with ADHD. Participants with ADHD repeated the written tests more than those with ASD. Driving license theory was more challenging for individuals with ADHD, whilst individuals with ASD found translating theory into practice and adjusting to “unfamiliar” driving situations to be the greatest challenges.Conclusion: Obtaining a driving license was associated with stressful training experience.
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43.
  • Wallin Ahlström, Sara, et al. (författare)
  • The experiences and the meaning of using MyTime in the preschool context from the perspective of children in need of special support, 5-6 years of age
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Child Care Health and Development. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 49:6, s. 1096-1103
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Children in need of special support often display delays in time processing ability, affecting everyday functioning. MyTime is an intervention programme for systematic training of time processing ability. To support preschool children's development of time processing ability and everyday functioning, it is necessary to include their perspectives of the MyTime intervention programme. A previous study shows that MyTime is feasible with children in the preschool setting and shows positive effects on time processing ability for older children in special schools. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how preschool children experience the intervention programme and how they understand its meaning. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and the meaning of using MyTime from the perspective of children with informal needs of special support (INS) 5-6 years of age in the preschool context.METHODS: To explore the children's perspectives, video-recorded interviews with 21 children were analysed hermeneutically. To facilitate the interview situation with the children in need of special support, the Talking Mats© was used. Both body and spoken languages were analysed.RESULTS: The results reveal children as active participants, willing to share their experiences of using the MyTime intervention in the preschool context. The conceptualization of the children's experiences and expressions uncovers their meaning of using the MyTime intervention as to know and to understand time by doing.CONCLUSIONS: When children are given the opportunity to use concrete tools to understand and measure time, they experience themselves as active participants involved and engaged in the intervention. They reveal meaningful experiences to be able to manage time that facilitate their everyday functioning and participation in the preschool context.
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44.
  • Ekstrand, Elisabeth, et al. (författare)
  • Test-Retest Reliability Of The Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LISAT-11) And Association Between Items In Individuals With Chronic Stroke
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 50:8, s. 713-718
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LiSat-11) and the association between items in individuals with chronic stroke. Design: Test-retest design. Subjects: Forty-five individuals (mean age 65 years) with mild to moderate disability at least 6 months post-stroke. Methods: LiSat-11, which includes 1 global item "Life as a whole" and 10 domain-specific items, was rated on 2 occasions, one week apart. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by kappa statistics, the percent agreement (PA) and the Svensson rank-invariant method. The association between items was evaluated with the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho). Results: The kappa coefficients showed good to excellent agreement (0.59-0.97) and the PA <= 1 point was high (> 89%) for all items. According to the Svensson method, a small systematic disagreement was found for "Partner relationship". The other items showed no systematic or random disagreements. All domain-specific items, except one ("Sexual life") were significantly correlated with "Life as a whole" (rhos 0.29-0.80). Conclusion: LiSat-11 is considered reliable and can be recommended for assessing life satisfaction after stroke. The association between items indicates that LiSat-11 measures various aspects that can impact on an individual's life satisfaction.
  •  
45.
  • Forsberg, Anette, 1965-, et al. (författare)
  • Balancing everyday life two years after falling ill with Guillain-Barre syndrome : a qualitative study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - London, United Kingdom : Sage Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 29:6, s. 601-610
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: The aim was to describe experiences of disability in everyday life and managing the recovery process two years after falling ill with Guillain-Barré syndrome.Design: Qualitative interview study.Methods: Interviews were conducted with 35 persons (22 male, mean age 50 years) two years after the onset of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis.Results: The analysis revealed four categories and an overall theme: ‘Striving for balance in everyday life’. The participants described persistent lived body restrictions that affected their arms, legs, and face. Bodily symptoms and loss of energy limited or restricted many everyday activities. In connection with healthcare, both satisfaction and feeling vulnerable in a critical situation were described. Experiences of the recovery process varied. The participants described acceptance and reappraisal of a new life situation despite their limitations, and having gained the knowledge that life can change suddenly. However, they also expressed disappointment following an overly positive prognosis in the early stages, and over a continuous wait for recovery. For some participants life had returned to as before.Conclusion: The participants experienced limitations in everyday life and decreased functioning in several parts of the body. The recovery process may still be ongoing two years after onset. Rehabilitation intervention with an extended focus on supporting individualized coping processes could facilitate ways to live with persistent disability.
  •  
46.
  • Löfqvist, Charlotte, et al. (författare)
  • Mobility and mobility-related participation outcomes of powered wheelchair and scooter interventions after 4-months and 1-year use
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 7:3, s. 211-218
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate outcomes of powered wheelchair and scooter interventions after 4-months and 1-year use regarding need for assistance when moving around, frequency of mobility-related participation, easiness/difficulty in mobility during participation, and number of participation aspects performed in everyday life.METHOD: The study was a prospective cohort study, using an instrument focusing on mobility-related participation outcomes of mobility device interventions (NOMO 1.0), at baseline, after 4-months and 1-year use.RESULTS: The results show that the outcomes in terms of participation frequency and easiness in mobility occur in a short time perspective, and that the effects remained stable at 1-year follow-up. The frequency of going for a walk increased most prominently (26%). Even though the majority of the participation aspects were not performed, more often they became easier to perform: 56-91% found that shopping, walking and visiting family/friends were easier. Moreover, independence outdoors and indoors increased.CONCLUSIONS: This small study provides knowledge about the outcomes of powered wheelchairs and scooters in terms of mobility and mobility-related participation in real-life situations. The study supports results from former studies, but even so, larger studies are required in order to provide evidence for the effectiveness of powered wheelchairs and scooters. [Box: see text].
  •  
47.
  • Nilsson, Lisbeth, et al. (författare)
  • Driving to Learn in a Powered Wheelchair: The Process of Learning Joystick Use in People With Profound Cognitive Disabilities
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : AOTA Press. - 0272-9490 .- 1943-7676. ; 65:6, s. 652-660
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Driving to Learn project explored ways to help people with profound cognitive disabilities practice operating a joystick-operated powered wheelchair. The project used a grounded theory approach with constant comparative analysis and was carried out over 12 yr. The participants were 45 children and adults with profound cognitive disabilities. Reference groups included 17 typically developing infants and 64 participants with lesser degrees of cognitive disability. The data sources included video recordings, field notes, open interviews, and a rich mixture of literature. The findings that emerged yielded strategies for facilitating achievements, an 8-phase learning process, an assessment tool, and a grounded theory of deplateauing explaining the properties necessary for participants to exceed expected limitations and plateaus. Eight participants with profound cognitive disabilities reached goal-directed driving or higher. Participants were empowered by attaining increased control over tool use, improving their autonomy and quality of life.
  •  
48.
  • Blauwet, Cheri A., et al. (författare)
  • The Road to Rio : Medical and Scientific Perspectives on the 2016 Paralympic Games
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: PM&R. - : Wiley. - 1934-1482 .- 1934-1563. ; 8:8, s. 798-801
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In August and September of this year, the world will turn its attention to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the 2016 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. Of interest to physiatrists, the Paralympic Games will take place from September 7 to 18, with an estimated total of 4 billion viewers. In the United States, for the first time in history, the Summer Games will be broadcast over a total of 66 hours on NBCUniversal. The Paralympic Games represent the pinnacle of elite sport for athletes with disabilities while also changing perceptions around the importance of grassroots sport and physical activity opportunities for the disability community more broadly.It is no secret that the planning and preparation for the Rio Games has brought with it a number of challenges—the Zika virus, water quality, construction delays, and the oft-tenuous state of the Brazilian political system, to name a few. In some respects, these challenges are important as they stimulate discourse about the future of the Olympic and Paralympic Movement. In Paralympic sport, some of our current and most salient challenges are rooted in principles of sports medicine and science, as outlined herein. Because it is imperative to uphold the highest standards of athlete health and safety at the Games, this presents an unparalleled opportunity for the voice of physiatrists to come to the fore. As experts in disability and functional performance, neurologic and musculoskeletal rehabilitation, and sports medicine, we uniquely are suited to make an important and timely impact on Paralympic sport. Here, we provide a snapshot of what to watch out for in Rio.
  •  
49.
  • Fagher, Kristina, et al. (författare)
  • An eHealth Application of Self-Reported Sports-Related Injuries and Illnesses in Paralympic Sport : Pilot Feasibility and Usability Study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: JMIR Human Factors. - Toronto, Canada : JMIR Publications. - 2292-9495. ; 4:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Sport participation is associated with a risk of sports-related injuries and illnesses, and Paralympic athletes’ additional medical issues can be a challenge to health care providers and medical staff. However, few prospective studies have assessed sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sport (SRIIPS) over time. Advances in mobile phone technology and networking systems offer novel opportunities to develop innovative eHealth applications for collection of athletes’ self-reports. Using eHealth applications for collection of self-reported SRIIPS is an unexplored area, and before initiation of full-scale research of SRIIPS, the feasibility and usability of such an approach needs to be ascertained.Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a 4-week pilot study and (1) evaluate the monitoring feasibility and system usability of a novel eHealth application for self-reported SRIIPS and (2) report preliminary data on SRIIPS.Methods: An eHealth application for routine collection of data from athletes was developed and adapted to Paralympic athletes. A 4-week pilot study was performed where Paralympic athletes (n=28) were asked to weekly self-report sport exposure, training load, general well-being, pain, sleep, anxiety, and possible SRIIPS. The data collection was followed by a poststudy use assessment survey. Quantitative data related to the system use (eg, completed self-reports, missing responses, and errors) were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The qualitative feasibility and usability data provided by the athletes were condensed and categorized using thematic analysis methods.Results: The weekly response rate was 95%. The athletes were of the opinion that the eHealth application was usable and feasible but stated that it was not fully adapted to Paralympic athletes and their impairments. For example, it was difficult to understand how a new injury or illness should be identified when the impairment was involved. More survey items related to the impairments were requested, as the athletes perceived that injuries and illnesses often occurred because of the impairment. Options for description of multifactorial incidents including an injury, an illness, and the impairment were also insufficient. Few technical issues were encountered, but athletes with visual impairment reported usability difficulties with the speech synthesizer. An incidence rate of 1.8 injuries and 1.7 illnesses per 100 hours of athlete exposure were recorded. The weekly pain prevalence was 56% and the impairment contributed to 20% of the reported incidents.Conclusions: The novel eHealth-based application for self-reported SRIIPS developed and tested in this pilot study was generally feasible and usable. With some adaptation to accommodate Paralympic athletes’ prerequisites and improved technical support for athletes with visual impairment, this application can be recommended for use in prospective studies of SRIIPS.
  •  
50.
  • Fjellström, Sanna, et al. (författare)
  • Increasing physical activity through an adapted web-based exercise program for people with intellectual disabilities : Support staff are crucial for feasibility
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: JARID. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 37:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are less physically active and suffer from ill-health more than the general population. Support staff play an important role in the person's life. This study aimed to explore the support staff's experiences regarding the feasibility of adapted web-based exercise for people with intellectual disabilities.MethodParticipants with intellectual disabilities living in community-based settings were recruited for a web-based exercise study. Eight semi-structured interviews were carried out with their support staff before and after the intervention period.ResultsThe main theme, ‘Support staff are crucial for feasibility’ encompasses the importance of communication, structure, and motivation in improving physical activity for people with intellectual disabilities.ConclusionThe experiences of support staff, indicate that a web-based exercise program is feasible for the target group, and one way to overcome challenges for PA, where the role of the staff is crucial.
  •  
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