| 1. |
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Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chapters provide rich empirical illustrations about on-going processes of innovation, where the Asian context can be seen in the specific cases as having an impact upon firms and sectors with implications for economic change and socio-political transformation. This book is about Asia as the site of business, where customers, institutions, and firms, both domestic and foreign, are interacting to affect global processes of innovation and production. This book aims to provide an empirical understanding and initial conceptualization of innovation spaces in Asia, including the role of multinational enterprises, entrepreneurship and public policy
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| 2. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to the Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dynamics of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship business strategy & public policy edited by Franco Malerba, Yannis Caloghirou, Maureen McKelvey, Slavo Radosevic.. - United Kingdom : Routledge. - 9781138025288
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter introduces the concept of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship. Moreover, the chapter positions this concept, by providing an overview of previous research, as well as chapters in this book.
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| 3. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to the Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship: Business Strategy and Public Policy / Edited by Franco Malerba, Yannis Caloghirou, Maureen McKelvey, Slavo Radoševic. - 9781138025288
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter introduces the concept of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship. Moreover, the chapter positions this concept, by providing an overview of previous research, as well as chapters in this book.
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| 4. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(författare)
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Public Policy Implications of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2016
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Ingår i: Malerba, F.; Caloghirou, Y.; McKelvey, M. and Radosevic, S. (2015). The Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship: Business strategy and public policy. - United Kingdom : Routledge. - 9781138025288 ; , s. 427-439
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter addresses the public policy implications of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship. Given the difficulties of promoting growth in Europe, the sphere of public policy instruments and goals is particularly important to explain and develop, relative to the findings of this major research project AEGIS, which was financed under Framework programme 7.
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| 5. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(författare)
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Public Policy Implications of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2015
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Ingår i: Malerba, F.; Caloghirou, Y.; McKelvey, M. and Radosevic, S. (2015). The Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship: Business strategy and public policy. - 9781138025288 ; , s. 427-439
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter addresses the public policy implications of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship. Given the difficulties of promoting growth in Europe, the sphere of public policy instruments and goals is particularly important to explain and develop, relative to the findings of this major research project AEGIS, which was financed under Framework programme 7.
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| 6. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Conclusions of Innovation Spaces in Asia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Innovation spaces in Asia entrepreneurs, multinational enterprises and policy edited by Maureen McKelvey, Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar. - 978 1 78347 567 4 - 9781783475674 ; , s. 354-368
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter reflects upon the conceptualization and empirical understanding of innovation spaces in Asia, and especially the roles of entrepreneurs, multinational enterprises, and policy. This includes a theoretical conceptualization as well as relating the findings in each chapter to the overall conceptualization proposed.
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| 7. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Ramifications for Western Firms of Navigating Through Innovation Spaces in Asia
- 2015
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Ingår i: McKelvey, M. and Bagchi-Sen, S. (2015). Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy. - Cheltenham, U.K. : Edward Elgar Publishers. - 9781783475674 ; , s. 333-353
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter draws upon a line of research to propose a conceptualization of innovation spaces, and focuses upon the implications for Asia. The main perspective taken in this chapter – and most of the book – is the firm perspective, requiring micro-data and a deep understanding set in a context, and this can be analyzed both through case studies and through quantitative data of macro trends and later, econometric techniques to test hypotheses.
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| 8. |
- Meraxa, Teuku Arckyansyah, et al.
(författare)
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The Emergence of Indonesian Multinational Enterprises
- 2015
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Ingår i: McKelvey, M. and Bagchi-Sen, S. (2015). Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy. - Cheltenham, U.K. : Edward Elgar Publishers. - 9781783475674 ; , s. 208-230
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter analyzes Indonesia as an emerging innovation spaces, with a particular focus upon the internationalization strategy of multinational enterprises from this emerging market. Indonesia presents a particular type of political economic market, where state-owned enterprises control most of the energy and welfare industries while MNEs and domestic business control most of trading houses and services, which are less regulated. This chapter provides three cases to illustrate the evolution of Indonesian emerging country multinational enterprises, specifically the firms Adaro Energy, Mayora, and Astra.
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| 9. |
- Salter, Ammon, et al.
(författare)
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Evolutionary Approaches to Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Sidney G Winter, recipient of the 2015 global award for entrepreneurship research.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 47:1, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reviews the intellectual contributions of Professor Sidney G. Winter, who is the recipient of the 2015 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research. Professor Winter has contributed through his theoretical as well as empirical understanding of Schumpeterian processes of dynamic competition, the generation of differential technological opportunities through appropriability conditions and the mechanisms driving dynamic capabilities in firms. His work, especially the joint work on evolutionary economics with Richard R. Nelson, has led to a revival of interest in theories based upon Schumpeterian economics within the study of both entrepreneurship and innovation. His work on dynamic capabilities has been highly influential in management. Professor Sidney G. Winter is Deloitte and Touche Professor Emeritus of Management, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
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| 10. |
- Hemlin, Sven, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational support for innovation in biosciences: Comparing high and low performers in Sweden and Croatia
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Sociological Association, ESA 9th conference, 2-5 September, 2009, Lisbon.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a need to better understand the organizational factors influencing innovative performance. This cross-cultural study examined organizational support factors in biotech R&D groups differing in innovative performance. The objective was to twofold; first to explore how organizing influences innovativeness in R&D, and, second to examine if R&D organizing is related to nations having a low and high innovation degree, respectively. Results supported that organizing R&D as well as national innovation performance are related. Crucial organizational issues found were how much organizations encouraged innovations, the degree of perceived autonomy and to what extent organizations could supply knowledge. Some of the implications of these results are introduced.
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| 11. |
- Ljungberg, Daniel, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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What characterizes firms' academic patents? Academic involvement in industrial invention in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 19:7, s. 585-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the characteristics and impact of academic involvement in industrial invention processes, by comparing firms' academic patents and their non-academic patents. In contrast to previous research that studies university-owned patents, this paper analyzes firm-owned patents. These provide insight into the characteristics and relative importance of inventions resulting from university-industry collaboration. The empirical analysis in this paper is based on a database of Swedish academic patents. Our results indicate that academic involvement mainly takes place in inventions highly related to firms' technology base. The findings moreover show that firms' academic patents, as compared to their non-academic patents, have lower importance in firms' core technological fields but higher importance in marginal fields. The paper also provides an interpretation of these results, suggesting that firms involve academics for problem-solving activities in their core technological fields.
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| 12. |
- McKelvey, Tomas, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Creating innovative opportunities through research collaboration: An evolutionary framework and empirical illustration in engineering
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technovation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-4972. ; 39-40, s. 26-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses the creation of innovative opportunities through research collaborations. It contributes by (i) providing an evolutionary conceptual framework for the formation and exploitation of innovative opportunities through research collaboration; and by (ii) providing an empirical illustration of this framework by applying it to a case study of firms׳ research collaboration taking place in university–industry research centers in engineering. The evolutionary framework developed specifically focuses on the generation of novelty and variety and on selection pressures as key for the creation of opportunities. It also emphasizes the differences between small and large firms when it comes to role of research collaboration for opportunity creation. Empirically, we illustrate that firms in general focus more on the generation of variety in the form of (fundamental) knowledge, than on research collaboration leading directly to the formation and exploitation of opportunities. For large firms, the focus is rather to transfer this created variety back to the firm, to use for inputs into the in-house creation of opportunities. In contrast, small firms focus instead on using research collaboration to generate and develop knowledge about customer needs in order to create market opportunities, especially through networking with large firms participating in the collaboration.
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| 13. |
- Gifford, Ethan, et al.
(författare)
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To what extent do external sources of knowledge affect the innovative performance of knowledge intensive entrepreneurial firms? The effects of depth and breadth of openness on manufacturing and service innovations
- 2015
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Ingår i: DRUID Society conference 2015, Rome, June 15-17. ; 2015:2466
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the effects of breadth and depth of external knowledge sourcing on the innovativeness of a specific classification of organization, the knowledge intensive entrepreneurial (KIE) firm. This type of firm has been observed as being critically important to growth and development in modern economies, yet how it uses external knowledge sources for innovation has received little direct attention in the literature. Using data from the EU?s recent AEGIS project, investigating knowledge intensive entrepreneurship in Europe covering just over 4000 entrepreneurial firms, this paper uses fractional logit models, as well as an OLS model based on alternating least squares optimal scaling (ALSOS), to estimate the relationship between breadth and depth of external knowledge sourcing and that of innovative performance of the KIE firm. We find that breadth is curvi-linearly related to innovative performance in KIE firms, but that depth, while related to innovativeness, does not assume this functional form. Additionally, a principal components analysis reveals that non-industry sources of knowledge in the form of state, national, or regional research-based or academic entities, as well as knowledge in the form of academic and trade publications, are statistically significant/relevant as external sources of knowledge for innovation in KIE firms. Industry sources of knowledge such as clients, customers, and supplier are statistically significant sources only for innovation in goods, not in terms of innovation in services, or novelty of innovations produced. Recommendations for future research and policy implications are provided based on these findings.
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| 14. |
- Habtay, Solomon R., et al.
(författare)
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Incumbents’ responses to disruptive business model innovation: the moderating role of technology vs. market-driven innovation
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management. - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1741-5098 .- 1368-275X. ; 18:4, s. 289-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current research argues that incumbents should respond to disruptive innovation by setting up a separate business unit. This recommendation stems from research predominantly carried out on disruptive technologies in high-tech industries but whether incumbents respond differently to other types of disruptive business model innovations and whether the type of response leads to a difference in performance have not been empirically analysed. By collecting data from 88 strategic business units (SBUs) and dividing the sample into incumbents responding to disruptive technology against those responding to disruptive market-driven innovations, the study shows that the latter type of firms can succeed in managing both disruptive and sustaining innovations without setting up structurally separated business units. We discuss the implications of our results and highlight areas for further research.
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| 15. |
- Ljungberg, Daniel, 1980
(författare)
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New combinations and academic engagement: Do academic inventors affect firms' technological recombination?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Druid Society conference 2015, Rome, June 15-17. ; 2015:2680
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes that academic inventors, who are researchers employed at universities and who are involved in the invention processes of firms, can be an important search channel for firms, and that directly involving them in firms? invention teams may increase the probability of generating technological combinations new to the firm. The hypotheses derived based on this proposition are tested on patent data between 1990 and 2005 on Swedish based R&D intensive firms in manufacturing industries, and are supported by the empirical tests. The findings demonstrate that when academic inventors join firms? inventor teams the likelihood of generating new combinations increase substantially, but only so in firms? core technologies. This paper thus contributes to the emergent microlevel theory of technological recombination and innovation search, by examining a specific type of inventor not investigated in prior studies.
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| 16. |
- Berglund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Women's entrepreneurship, neoliberalism and economic justice in the postfeminist era : a discourse analysis of policy change in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 25:5, s. 531-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the early 1990s, there has been investment in women's entrepreneurship policy (WEP) in Sweden, which continued until 2015. During the same period, Sweden assumed neoliberal policies that profoundly changed the position of women within the world of work and business. The goals for WEP changed as a result, from entrepreneurship as a way to create a more equal society, to the goal of unleashing women's entrepreneurial potential so they can contribute to economic growth. To better understand this shift we approach WEP as a neoliberal governmentality which offers women 'entrepreneurial' or 'postfeminist' subject positions. The analysis is inspired by political theorist Nancy Fraser who theorized the change as the displacement of socioeconomic redistribution in favour of cultural recognition, or identity politics. We use Fraser's concepts in a discourse analysis of Swedish WEP over two decades, identifying two distinct discourses and three discursive displacements. Whilst WEP initially gave precedence to a radical feminist discourse that called for women's collective action, this was replaced by a postfeminist neoliberal discourse that encouraged individual women to assume an entrepreneurial persona, start their own business, compete in the marketplace and contribute to economic growth. The result was the continued subordination of women business owners, but it also obscured or rendered structural problems/solutions, and collective feminist action, irrelevant.
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| 17. |
- Hård, Ursula, et al.
(författare)
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Kvinnors företagande : arbetsmarknadsbeteende och organisatorisk lösning
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I dagens Sverige lyfts ofta småföretag och entreprenörer fram. Företagandet diskuteras dock ofta separat från både arbetsmarknad och övriga näringslivet. Därmed negligeras att individer växlar mellan att vara sin egen och ha anställning, det vill säga att företagandet ofta är ett sätt för individen att navigera på arbetsmarknaden snarare än drivet av en stark önskan att vara sin egen. Inte heller uppmärksammas att små företag ofta startas och drivs som en direkt konsekvens av stora organisationers strategier - det vill säga företagandet är en organisatorisk lösning på en stor organisations problem, inte uttryck för en individs starka vilja att vara sin egen. I studien ges exempel på företagande av dessa slag. Det första exemplet bygger på Ursula Hårds studier av kvinnor som följt en starta-eget-kurs i en norrlandskommun och det andra på Malin Tillmars studier av företagande i anslutning till den offentliga sektorns omvandling. Det första fallet är ett exempel på företagande som arbetsmarknadsbeteende, det sistnämnda på företagande som organisatorisk lösning. Företagandet som skapat, och skapare av, genussystemet är tydligt i fallen och diskuteras i studien.
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| 18. |
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Airline Economics in Europe
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, the European air transport industry has seen a number of important changes, with more on the horizon. This comprehensive work presents a multi-faceted analysis of the air industry in Europe, how it has developed in recent years, and how it is set to develop further into the future. The work brings together leading experts in the field from across the continent to address the burning issues affecting this significant sector of the European transportation arena. It begins with a scene-setting contribution that outlines the detail of the regulatory context within which the European airline sector operates. We then move on to look at some of the strategic responses to this evolving regulatory context. In this respect, the specifics of some relevant business models, the competitive context (particularly with respect to pricing and profitability), changes in the productivity of European airlines relative to the global industry and the issue of joint ventures in the transatlantic market are all dealt with in some detail. The focus then shifts to the analysis of more niche sectors within the European aviation sector, specifically the business aviation and air cargo markets. The volume finishes with more specific works which address key issues in today’s European airline market, namely the adoption of new propulsion technology and the ever-present environmental impacts associated with aircraft noise.
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| 19. |
- Alm, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Capacity in municipalities : Infrastructures, maintenance debts and ways of overcoming a run-to-failure mentality
- 2021
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Ingår i: Local Economy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-0942 .- 1470-9325. ; 36:2, s. 81-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a growing maintenance debt of ageing and critical infrastructures in many municipalities in European welfare states. In this article, we use the multidimensional concept of local capacity as a point of departure to analyse how and in what ways Swedish municipalities work with the routine maintenance of infrastructures, including municipal road networks as well as water and sewage systems. For the road networks, maintenance is generally outsourced to contractors and there is also a large degree of tolerance for various standards on different road segments within and between the municipalities. Less used road segments are not as prioritised as those with heavy traffic. For the water and sewage systems, in-house technical capacity is needed as differences in water quality are not tolerated. Economies of scale mean that in-house capacity is translated into the creation of inter-municipal bodies. As different forms of capacities tend to reinforce each other, municipal capacity builds up over time in circular movements. These results add knowledge to current research by pointing to the ways municipalities are overcoming a run-to-failure mentality by building capacity to pay off the infrastructural maintenance debt.
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| 20. |
- Amuakwa-Mensah, Franklin, et al.
(författare)
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Re-examining the Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in Ghana’s Banking Industry: Role of the 2007–2009 Financial Crisis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of African Business. - : Routledge. - 1522-8916 .- 1522-9076. ; 18:3, s. 357-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses robust econometric methods to estimate the determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) with a specific focus on the role of the 2007–2009 financial crisis in explaining NPLs in the banking industry of Ghana. Findings suggest that non-performing loans are significantly affected by bank-specific, industry, and macroeconomic variables. We observed heterogeneity in the determinants of NPLs for sub-samples of the data. The effect of the financial crisis on NPLs is observed to be conditional on the level of credit risk in our sub-sample analysis. The results from the impulse response corroborate that of the regression estimation.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Speglingar av en förvaltning i förändring: Reformeringen av Försäkringskassan
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svensk statsförvaltning genomgår, precis som privat sektor, ständigt förändringar och omstruktureringar, drivna av olika samhällstrender, ledarskapsidéer och politiska styrfilosofier. Vid dessa förändringar ställs verksamheten inför vägval som på olika sätt kan påverka dess förmåga att leva upp till omgivningens krav och förväntningar. Samtidigt finns inte utrymme för risktagande, eftersom förvaltningens agerande och beslut kan vara avgörande för individers försörjning och framtid. Det ställer stora krav på dessa myndigheter, som balanserar ekonomimål, demokratimål och rättssäkerhetsmål. Denna bok avser att spegla olika organisatoriska dilemman och utmaningar som myndigheter i svensk och internationell statsförvaltning kan möta. Detta sker med utgångspunkt i en studie av Försäkringskassans enmyndighetsreform år 2005 och dess förändringsarbete under åren därefter. Bokens författare kommer från tre olika ämnesområden: företagsekonomi, nationalekonomi och statsvetenskap. Samtliga är knutna till Lunds universitet och till forskningsprogrammet ”Från många till en?” (2008-2012). Programmet finansierades av Försäkringskassan, men genomfördes självständigt. Med boken hoppas författarna kunna öka förståelsen – och intresset - för frågor om organisation, styrning och ledning i en statsförvaltning i förändring.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Armbrecht, John
(författare)
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Evenemang och Samhällsekonomiskt Värde
- 2014
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Ingår i: Från Bob Dylan till Way Out West, RED Armbrecht, Lundberg & Mossberg. - Kållered : BAS. - 9789172463240
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Armbrecht, John
(författare)
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Use value of cultural experiences: A comparison of contingent valuation and travel cost
- 2014
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Ingår i: Tourism Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5177 .- 1879-3193. ; 42, s. 141-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few applications to assess the value of cultural experiences exist. This is particularly frustrating for cultural institutions, as it provides them with few opportunities to reveal their importance in terms of attractiveness and thus what drives tourism demand. This study applies the travel cost method (TCM) and contingent valuation method (CVM) to assess the value of two rural cultural institutions in order to compare the results of the valuation methods. The results reveal that visitor experiences consist of a core cultural experience as well as other valuable experiences before and after. Whereas CVM allows for a valuation of the core cultural experience separately from other experiences, the TCM is limited to an overall assessment. The TCM is therefore an inappropriate measure of the value of the cultural experiences when the total experience includes several other experiences. If visitors travel for the sake of only one cultural experience, TCM may be preferable due to its simple applicability and cost efficiency. If, however, as is most often the case, a cultural experience is part of a bundle of experiences, the application of CVM is recommendable. This is also the case, if only visitors who state the cultural experience to be the primary reason for travelling are included.
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| 27. |
- Asgharian, Hossein, et al.
(författare)
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Institutional Quality, Trust, and Stock Market Participation : Learning to Forget
- 2024
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Ingår i: Quarterly Journal of Finance. - 2010-1392 .- 2010-1406.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we explore the relations among institutional quality, households’ level of trust, and stock market participation. We find that institutional quality has a significant impact on both trust and participation. The individual level of trust significantly affects participation, but trust plays a small role in the effect of institutional quality on participation. Further, we demonstrate that immigrants are affected by the institutional quality of both their country of residence and their home country, and that education emerges as an important learning factor in immigrants’ adaptation to new institutional environments.
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| 28. |
- Bergqvist, Rickard, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Potential Solutions to Upstream Buyer Consolidation in the China-Europe Container Trades - An Exploratory Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 24-27 July, 2016, Beijing.. - : IEEE.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Asia-Europe container trade is the most important trade in the world in terms of volumes transported (overtaking the Trans-Pacific trade in 2014). The typical structure of the supply chains associated with this trade is that containers are stuffed in China and the cargo is subsequently cross-docked at a major European logistics hub or closer to the customer, for further shipment to the final retailing point. This may be one of the reasons why short sea container shipping has only a limited market share of intra-European cargo flows, since once the cargo is unloaded from containers, it is more likely to be forwarded by land-based modes of transport. Paving the way for a greater proportion of cargo being cross-docked in China rather than Europe, may prove to be more cost-efficient and less environmentally damaging than the typical solution. This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the typical solution and alternative solutions such as buyers’ consolidation and concludes that new alternative solutions are worth investigating further. The potential for shifting from the typical solution to new alternatives is dependent on the identification of key decision makers in the design of these supply chains. As such, a careful analysis of this must be undertaken and the capability of Logistics service providers (LSPs) in China assessed.
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| 29. |
- Bergqvist, Rickard, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Upstream Buyer Consolidation and Downstream Short Sea Shipping in the Asia-Europe Sea Container Supply Chain – An Exploratory Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Association of Maritime Economists Annual Conference, Hamburg, August 23-26, 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Asia-Europe container trade is the most important trade in the world in terms of volumes transported (overtaking the Trans-Pacific trade in 2014). The typical structure of the supply chains associated with this trade is that containers are stuffed in China and the cargo is subsequently cross-docked at a major European logistics hub or closer to the customer, for further shipment to the final retailing point. This may be one of the reasons why short sea container shipping has only a limited market share of intra-European cargo flows, since once cargo is unloaded from containers, it is more likely to be forwarded by land-based modes of transport. Paving the way for a greater proportion of cargo being cross-docked in China rather than Europe, may prove to be more cost-efficient and less environmentally damaging than the typical solution. This paper discusses four main comparative differences between the typical solution and alternative solutions such as buyers’ consolidation and concludes that new alternative solutions are worth investigating further. The potential shift from the typical solution to new alternatives is dependent on the identification of key decision makers in the design of these supply chains and a careful analysis of bottlenecks and impediments that must be overcome to facilitate this shift.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Bergström, Ola, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Industrin och pandemin
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrins Ekonomiska Råd (IER) utses av Industriavtalets parter och består av fristå- ende ekonomer. Varje år tar IER fram en rapport på uppdrag av parterna. I år fick man i uppdrag att analysera pandemins långsiktiga effekter på svensk industri, sambanden med trender inom geopolitik, handelspolitik, klimatpolitik och hållbarhetsfrågor samt vilken betydelse statens motåtgärder haft. Kapitel 1 fokuserar på den inledande och mest dramatiska fasen av krisen, med betoning på konsekvenser för industrin samt effekten av de statliga åtgärder som inrättats för att dämpa de ekonomiska konsekvenserna av krisen. Kapitlet avslutas med en diskussion om åtgärderna varit tillräckliga och de risker som finns med en långvarig stödpolitik. Kapitel 2 tar upp pandemin tillsammans med en rad andra omvärldsfaktorer som kastar sin skugga över den internationellt verksamma delen av näringslivet som motsättningarna USA-Kina, oenigheten om klimatpolitiken samt störningarna av de internationella leveranskedjorna. Rapporten ställer och försöker också besvara frågan om industrin kommer att få en ny spelplan. Kapitel 3 gör avspark i de exceptionellt stora krispaketen globalt och diskuterar vad det trendskiftet får för konsekvenser för den ekonomiska politiken på tio års sikt samt de effekter det kan ge på inflation och makroekonomisk stabilitet.
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| 32. |
- Bergström, Ola, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Långsiktiga trender: klimatet, teknologin, demografin och produktiviteten
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrins Ekonomiska Råd (IER) utses av Industriavtalets parter och består av fristående ekonomer. Varje år tar IER fram en rapport på uppdrag av parterna. I år fick man i uppdrag att inför kommande avtalsrörelse beskriva och analysera ett antal faktorer som har betydelse för industrin och för den svenska ekonomin på lång sikt. Av stor betydelse är vad man kan vänta sig för utveckling för den globala ekonomin under det kommande decenniet och hur relevanta erfarenheterna från det decennium som nu går mot sitt slut är. De två första kapitlen i den här rapporten handlar om detta. I kapitel 2 analyserar vi den vikande produktivitetstillväxten och försöker besvara frågan om det är en bestående trend. I kapitel 3 tar vi upp åldrandet och de medföljande demografiska förändringarna samt migrationens effekter. Den snabba teknikutvecklingen skapar både möjligheter och utmaningar. IER har tagit upp flera olika ämnen på det temat i sina senaste rapporter. I kapitel 4 tar vi upp artificiell intelligens och ställer frågan om det blir en teknologi som kan ändra på spelplanen. Redan i förra årets rapport tog vi upp riskbilderna kring protektionism och klimatförändringarna. Vi fortsätter den analysen i i kapitel 5 och ställer frågan om handelskrig eller klimatförändringarna till och med kan utlösa en ekonomisk kris.
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| 33. |
- Bjuggren, Carl Magnus
(författare)
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Family Matters : Essays on Family Firms and Employment Protection
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is a study of firm dynamics, family ownership, and employment protection. It addresses the implications of employment protection on firm productivity and how family owned firms react differently with regard to economic shocks. It also investigates whether family ownership matters for the probability of exhibiting high growth. By using a novel data identification strategy, family ownership is identified in full population register data. The thesis also highlights some important caveats in the official statistics on self-employment.
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| 34. |
- Chen, Hong, et al.
(författare)
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Building a Measurement Model for Port-Hinterland Container Transportation Network Resilience
- 2015
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Ingår i: LOGMS International Conference on Logistics and Maritime Systems. Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, 27-29 August..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ongoing development of world trade has bolstered the demand for container transport that is both safe and resilient. As a pivotal element in international logistics and economic development at both national and local levels, container transportation between seaports and their associated hinterlands is critically important. In this paper, we apply the concept of resilience to the context of a port-hinterland container transportation network. The concept of resilience incorporates issues relating to both safety and risk management, but possesses its own distinctive characteristics which differentiates it from other concepts, such as stability and robustness. We firstly propose our definition of resilience within this context, based upon a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. Next, a stochastic integer programming model is built to yield a quantitative measure of resilience from the perspective of shippers. This measurement model is then tested by developing a numerical simulation based on the specific case of Gothenburg port and part of its hinterland. By analysing the resilience concept in general and the specific results from the numerical simulation, we then evaluate the validity and reliability of our contextual definition of resilience and the measurement model developed. We find them to be not only theoretically meaningful, but also practically useful.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Christodoulou, A., et al.
(författare)
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Potential alternative fuel pathways for compliance with the ?FuelEU Maritime Initiative
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D-Transport and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209. ; 112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EU 'Fit for 55' package proposes the adoption of various legislative tools to eliminate shipping CO2 emissions, among which are the inclusion of shipping in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and the FuelEU Maritime Initiative. This paper analyses the latter by utilising the EU's Monitoring, Reporting, Verification (MRV) database to evaluate the fuel types used, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of ships operating within the European Economic Area (EEA) for 2020, the Initiative's baseline. Forecasts of potential future pathways for alternative fuel deployment are then developed that could be used to achieve compliance with the limits set by the FuelEU Maritime Initiative. The results of this study provide significant input to maritime stakeholders and policy-makers on the potential impact of the Initiative for the uptake of clean marine fuels and the contribution of the maritime sector to a climate neutral Europe by 2050.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Christodoulou, Anastasia, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting the reduction of shipping emissions to air: A global review and taxonomy of policies, incentives and measures
- 2019
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Ingår i: Maritime Business Review. - 2397-3757. ; 4:1, s. 16-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and classify the various initiatives developed and implemented across the globe for the abatement of maritime air emissions. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, an extensive survey of various sources was conducted, including the official reports of international and regional institutions, government policy documents, port authority websites, classification society pages, private firms’ sites and the academic literature. The initiatives were then categorized in accordance with the classification of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and analyzed using the SPSS Statistics software to give some insight into their frequencies and the interrelationships between them. Findings – This exploratory review resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive global database of initiatives encouraged by the whole range of shipping stakeholders and decision-makers for the reduction of shipping air emissions. According to the findings, economic incentives that provide motivation for the adoption of less environmentally damaging practices are the most commonly used initiative, followed by infrastructure investments and informative policies. Research limitations/implications – The results provide implications for further research that include an in-depth analysis of ports’ policies, as well as an evaluation of initiatives applied on a large scale to map their emissions reduction potential for shipping. Originality/value – The main contribution of this paper is the identification and analysis of all the diverse initiatives implemented globally in a comprehensive way and its dealing with air pollution from shipping as a whole.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Cullinane, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking the performance of Swedish Rail Freight Rolling Stock: A Conceptual Approach to Setting Tariffs using Data Envelopment Analysis
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are many ways to improve the efficiency of a railway system. Many are inherently long-term and involve significant investment. This paper proposes the more immediate, simpler and cheaper approach of incentivising the use of better rolling stock through appropriate infrastructure charging and thereby reducing the number of problems arising and the costs imposed on other rail users, the infrastructure providers and society. It is posited that infrastructure charges should be differentiated to reflect differences in the performance of rolling stock and that this can be achieved purely and simply on the basis of technical and other characteristics. Utilising an existing database, the performance benchmarking of rolling stock is proposed as the basis for formulating and justifying a performance-based tariff structure. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the preferred method of analysis by which relative measures (in index form) of rolling stock performance can be derived and benchmark performance identified. The paper provides a theoretical conceptualisation of how this might be applied to rail freight rolling stock in order to develop a tariff structure for infrastructure charges which is functionally dependent upon the derived relative benchmark values of performance (quality). The proposed approach has several advantages: no supplementary data collection is required; once the strategic decision is taken as to the level of marginal (social) cost to be recouped, the setting of the tariff becomes deterministic and only needs to be periodically reviewed; following its introduction, the analysis required for reviewing tariffs is relatively straightforward; DEA output provides management with useful information on achieving improved performance; and the potential exists for applying this proposed approach to both passenger rolling stock and within a multinational context. The paper concludes that the proposed approach will greatly simplify the basis upon which infrastructure charges are levied on rail users, while maintaining the possibility of differentiating the tariff structure by specific train path, network link and/or capacity utilisation. It also reinforces the principle of marginal cost pricing. Ultimately, the implementation of this approach will support the objective to increase long-term robustness and reduce disruptions to railways.
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| 41. |
- Cullinane, Kevin
(författare)
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Current Issues in European Aviation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Airline economics in Europe / edited by Kevin Cullinane. - Bingley, U.K. : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781789732825 ; , s. 1-8
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 42. |
- Cullinane, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Editorial: China’s Belt and Road Initiative
- 2018
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 1366-5545. ; 117, s. 1-4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Cullinane, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of Container Ship Emissions at Berth in Taiwan
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Transportation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1556-8318 .- 1556-8334. ; 10:5, s. 466-474
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study uses a bottom-up activity-based model to estimate atmospheric emissions released from containerships at berth during the year 2012 in the three largest Taiwanese container ports: Kaohsiung, Keelung, and Taichung. The results produced indicate that containerships are responsible for a significant amount of airborne emissions in ports. Kaohsiung is found to contribute approximately 58.65% of the emissions from all types of atmospheric pollution across all three ports. However, emissions per container handled in the port were found to be the lowest in comparison to the other two ports in the study. Potential abatement and mitigation strategies to avoid or reduce these emissions are then analyzed in the light of the results obtained.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Cullinane, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Policy on Reducing Shipping Emissions: Implications for ‘Green Ports’
- 2018
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Ingår i: Green ports : inland and seaside sustainable transportation strategies / edited by Rickard Bergqvist and Jason Monios. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 9780128140543
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shipping has traditionally been viewed as the least environmentally damaging mode of freight transport. Recent studies have increasingly questioned this perception, as attention has focused on both the greenhouse gas emissions (mainly CO2) and the emission of health-damaging pollutants (such as sulfur, nitrogen oxides, and particulates) by ships. This chapter reviews the available evidence on the atmospheric emissions of shipping and proposes that reliance on market forces alone is insufficient to deliver on the environmental imperative. The current and planned regulatory regime for improving the industry's environmental footprint is outlined and posits that greater, and more diverse, market regulation is required. The implications of emerging shipping regulations for ports, particularly those claiming the “green port” label, are highlighted. The chapter concludes that, although the shipping industry has been slow to improve its environmental credentials, a combination of regulation and technological innovation provides it with significant potential to dramatically reduce its environmental impact, and that ports have a pivotal role to play in supporting this objective. In order to do so, however, ports will need to look beyond their traditional operational milieu.
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| 48. |
- Cullinane, Kevin
(författare)
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Targeting the Environmental Sustainability of European Shipping: The Need for Innovation in Policy and Technology
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At their Summit meeting in Gothenburg in June 2001, Europe’s heads of state and government reached agreement on a European strategy for sustainable development. The social and economic dimensions of the Lisbon strategy were complemented by an environmental dimension. Thus, the Gothenburg Summit represents a breakthrough for sustainable development in the European Union (EU). The University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology made a commitment to serve, through the joint Centre for Environment and Sustainability (GMV), as a hub for research and scientific follow up of the EU sustainable development strategy. In order to fulfill this commitment, the two universities have established a European Panel for Sustainable Development (EPSD), together with Lund University. In addition, individual members from other universities and research institutes contribute to the work of the Panel. The Centre for Environment and Sustainability (GMV) in Gothenburg is the lead organization in the EPSD. The first report produced by the Panel in 2004 was “From Here to Sustainability – Is the Lisbon/Gothenburg Agenda Delivering?” This was put forward as an independent contribution from academics to the mid-term review of the Lisbon strategy for growth, competitiveness and jobs. The second report “Make the Kok-report sustainable” was produced by the EPSD as a reflection on, and a response to, the mid-term review on the Lisbon strategy chaired by the former Prime Minister of the Netherlands, Wim Kok. The third report “Towards a Smart Growth Strategy for Sustainable Development” aimed to contribute to the re-launch of the EU sustainable development strategy. It contained a critical assessment of “A Platform for Action”, the proposal for an updated strategy put forward by the European Commission. The fourth report “TAKING CHILDREN SERIOUSLY – How the EU can Invest in Early Childhood Education for a Sustainable Future” presented research on children’s interest and ability to understand questions on the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. The present report “Targeting the Environmental Sustainability of European Shipping: The Need for Innovation in Policy and Technology” has emerged from a background survey with the aim of mapping what is being done on sustainable shipping within the European Union. A wide scope of strategic EU policy sectors and documents, including existing directives, legislation and regulations on shipping were scrutinized to describe the actual knowledge framework. The background study defines areas where new research could contribute in closing knowledge gaps, and gives a compilation of directives and policy documents concerning sustainable shipping in a European perspective. Based on a definition of sustainable shipping that include all three pillars of sustainable development, the present report presents a holistic view and strategies for achieving a sustainable shipping industry. The report provides scientifically based knowledge of various aspects that affect sustainability at sea, such as particles, greenhouse gases, ship wrecks, ship recycling, and intermodality, as well as a comprehensive overview and updates on regulations. These various areas are presented as separate chapters and solid recommendations are presented on future actions (on EU and international level) to make the shipping industry in Europe a sustainable business. The main author of the report was Prof. Kevin Cullinane, Edinburgh Napier University, UK. The separate chapters in the report were written by Lars Barregård, University of Gothenburg, Erik Fridell, Hulda Winnes, IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute (Particle emission from ships); Hannes Johnson 1 , Chalmers University of Technology (GHG Emissions and the Energy Efficiency Gap in Shipping); Peter Domini, Stena Metall (Ship Recycling: A Global Issue); Lars Barregård, University of Gothenburg (The Health Risks Associated with the Ship Breaking Industry); Ida-Maja Hassellöv, Chalmers University of Technology (Potentially Polluting Shipwrecks); Abhinayan Basu Bal, University of Gothenburg (Sustainable Intermodal Transport with Short Sea Shipping in the EU); A number of researchers and knowledgeable persons have constituted a reference group and further contributed to the report: Katarina Gårdfeldt, Maria Svane, Dan Strömberg, and Jonas Norrman, GMV, Gothenburg; Karin Andersson, Björn Södahl, Josefin Borg, and Oliver Lindqvist, Chalmers University of Technology; Lars Göran Malmberg, Johan Boman, Johan Woxenius, and Mattias Hallquist, University of Gothenburg, Christer Forsgren, Stena Metall; Anders Carlberg, Vgregion; Carl Carlsson, Swedish Shipowners Association, and Axel Wenblad, Former GD National Board of Fisheries. Dan Strömberg, and Maria Svane, University of Gothenburg, have been invaluable during the course of the project and as editors of the publication. The report has been endorsed by the EPSD. Bo Samuelsson Chairman of EPSD
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Cullinane, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
-
The reverse logistics of cross-border e-tailing in Europe: Developing a research agenda to assess the environmental impacts
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Logistics. - 1947-9573 .- 1947-9581. ; 8:1, s. 1-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to develop a research agenda to analyze the potential environmental implications of the reverse logistics involved in the B2C element of cross-border clothing e-tailing. Based on a combination of literature review and primary case study data from five major clothing retailers and two logistics service providers in Sweden, a categorization of cross-border reverse chain possibilities is developed. Seven reverse chain types are identified and it is shown that all of the five retailers use multiple reverse chain types. The results are subsequently used to highlight research gaps and define a future research agenda which will enable a more complete environmental analysis of the impacts of online clothes shopping incorporating both the outward and reverse elements.
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