| 1. |
- Linke, Sebastian, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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More than just a carding system: Labour implications of the EU’s illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing policy in Thailand
- 2021
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X. ; 127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globally, the EU plays a leading role in combating Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities. Specifically, the EU exercises normative power to influence regulatory strategies and governing frameworks in third countries. In 2015, the EU issued Thailand a yellow card, indicating that economic sanctions would be implemented unless IUU fishing practices were eliminated. Concurrently, revelations about ‘modern slavery’ in Thailand's fishing industry had received international attention, through media and NGOs, exposing slavery-like practices among migrant fishworkers. Conventionally, the EU IUU policy addresses only issues of catch and environmental sustainability. This paper explores how an initial bilateral dialogue was bifurcated into two dialogues: a Fishery Dialogue and a Labour Dialogue. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with involved actors, expert opinions, field-visits and secondary documents, we ask: How were labour issues integrated into the bilateral dialogue, and what consequences emerged from the IUU policy for Thai fisheries management? Tracing the bilateral dialogue between EU and Thai governments, we argue that Thailand's fisheries reform was a result of both fisheries’ sustainability concerns and the kind of labour rights valued by the EU. Our Normative Power Europe approach shows how norms of labour rights shaped the reform through policies and implementation. We maintain that this unique case-study reveals how the EU incorporates a broad-based normative approach that goes beyond catch sustainability.
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| 2. |
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En brokig gemenskap
- 2017
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En brokig gemenskap presenterar huvudresultaten från 2016 års västsvenska SOM-undersökning. I fokus för undersökningen står Västra Götalands invånare och deras upplevelser av hur det är att leva och verka i Västsverige. Titeln knyter an till de resultat och analyser som redovisas i boken, men också till de likheter och olikheter som präglar gemenskapen i Västra Götalands olika delar. Några av de frågor som analyseras är medborgarnas bedömningar av regional och kommunal service, erfarenheter av arbetsliv och upplevelser av mångkultur. Kulturvanor, medborgaraktivism och cirkulär ekonomi är andra områden som ligger i bokens blickfång. Flera kapitel innehåller jämförelser med tidigare års västsvenska SOM-undersökningar och med de nationella SOM-undersökningarna. I En brokig gemenskap, den 71:a forskarantologin från SOM-institutet, bidrar forskare från olika discipliner vid Göteborgs universitet och Högskolan i Borås med analyser av det västsvenska samhället. Boken innehåller också en metod- dokumentation av 2016 års västsvenska SOM-undersökning.
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| 3. |
- Ruth-Lovell, Saskia P., et al.
(författare)
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Democracy and Populism: Testing a Contentious Relationship
- 2019
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The phenomenon of populism and its relationship with modern democracy has gained considerable attention in recent years. This paper aims at advancing our understanding of how populism affects different models of democracy and tests the proposed arguments empirically. Building on the large scholarly literature on populism and democracy, we take stock of existing arguments and theorize which democratic models may be affected by populism in a positive or a negative way. Moreover, we move beyond the normative debate and analyse the effect of populism in power on different models of democracy empirically. We do so by merging data on populist governments in Europe and Latin America from the 1995 until today with the Varieties of Democracy data set, which enables us to capture the relationship between populism and different democratic models in these regions.
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| 4. |
- Ydén, Karl, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Sweden and the issue of NATO membership: exploring a public opinion paradox
- 2019
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Ingår i: Defence Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1470-2436 .- 1743-9698. ; 19:1, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The past decade has seen substantial shifts in Swedish security policy and major change in the domestic debate about NATO. For the first time, all of the right-of-centre “alliance parties” are calling for a full NATO membership, and popular support for NATO has increased. Yet public opinion contains ambiguities and paradoxes that complicate the picture. At the same time as support for NATO has increased, the public is overwhelmingly for continued military non-alignment. Drawing on previous research, longitudinal data from national surveys, and other sources on defence and security issues, this article aims to increase our understanding of the development and change in Swedish public opinion on NATO. A key argument is that Erving Goffman’s theatre metaphor, combined with neo-institutional decoupling theory, to a large degree can help understand the public opinion paradox.
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| 5. |
- Munthe, Christian, 1962
(författare)
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Arbets(o)förmåga - begreppsliga och etiska anmärkningar
- 2008
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Ingår i: Arbets(o)förmåga - ur ett mångdisciplinärt perspektiv. - Stockholm : Santérus förlag. - 9789173590105 ; , s. 21-46
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Artikeln belyser arbets(o)förmågebegreppet i en samhällelig kontext där detta är centralt för olika arbetsmarknads- och socialpolitiska åtgärder. Mot en allmän skiss av arbetets roll i samhället beskrivs hur begreppet arbets(o)förmåga får en avgörande roll i fördelningen av samhällets nyttigheter och hur detta aktualiserar en rad grundläggande etiska frågeställningar som behöver besvaras för att frågan om vad som ska räknas som arbets(o)förmåga ska kunna besvaras. En kortare utredning av begreppsparet förmåga – oförmåga illustrerar dessutom att begreppet kan preciseras på ett oräkneligt antal sätt i ett antal innebördes samspelande dimensioner. Två av dessa dimensioner kopplas till nyss nämnda etiska frågor för att illustrera hur valet av precisering i dessa dimensioner aktualiserar grundläggande frågor om vad som kännetecknar ett rättvist samhälle. Denna koppling påvisas ha konsekvenser för samhällsdebatt, myndighetsutövning och forskning – bl.a. hävdas att det finns goda skäl att helt överge arbets(o)förmåga som ett centralt begrepp i den arbetspolitiska diskussionen.
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| 6. |
- Norén Bretzer, Ylva, 1969
(författare)
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Sveriges Politiska System : Andra upplagan
- 2014
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken ger en utförlig och nyanserad redogörelse för hur Sveriges politiska system är uppbyggt och fungerar, från nationell till lokal nivå. På ett systematiskt och samtidigt problematiserande sätt diskuteras frågor som rör konstitutionen, valprocesser, regeringsbildning, lagstiftning och dess berednings, budgetprocess och medel för ansvarsutkrävande. Motsvarande processer diskuteras på regional och lokal nivå. För att begripliggöra olika politiska förhållanden utgår författaren från tre centrala metaforer: Föreställningen om flernivådemokrati. Författaren lyfter fram bilden av det svenska politiska systemet som ett flernivåsystem och visar hur flernivåperspektivet är en förutsättning för att förstå politiken och dess genomförande. Legitimitetstriangeln tar sin utgångspunkt i värdena demokrati, effektivitet och rättssäkerhet, värden som delvis står i konflikt med varandra men ständigt är närvarande i debatten om den offentliga sektorn. Politiken som arena. Den tredje metaforen som används är bilden av politiken som arena för prioriteringar och beslut, en arena på vilken medborgarna utgör både deltagare och publik. Den andra reviderade upplagan har omarbetats med utgångspunkt i den reviderade grundlagen som gällt sedan 1 januari 2011. Granskningsperspektivet har synliggjorts tydligare, jämfört med första upplagan, och EU diskuteras utifrån vilka konsekvenser medlemskapet har fått på den svenska förvaltningen. Boken ger en pedagogisk och levande introduktion till svensk politik. Den vänder sig i första hand till studenter på grundläggande nivå inom statsvetenskap och offentlig förvaltning, men lämpar sig även väl för utbildningar inom ämnen som journalistik, juridik, socialt arbete och samhällsplanering.
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| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Mariana S., 1978-
(författare)
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Reassembling Local E-Government : A study of actors’ translations of digitalisation in public administration
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The digitalisation of society decidedly affects public administration. Swedish public administration has long worked with information technologies for an effective and improved management of public services. But new and increased use of information technologies in society poses new challenges. New demands on information security are increasing, while accessibility and transparency are important priorities in policies on digitalisation in public services. However, the central government’s ambitions and expectations with regard to digitalisation face a slow and hesitant implementation in local governments. There are important differences between municipalities in priorities, local needs, and implementation mechanisms in connection with e-government. In this thesis, I argue there is a need to reconsider the role of governance mechanisms in e-government. There is a need to understand local translations of national policies and technological developments in relation to the goals of more effective and legitimate public administration. The main purpose of this thesis is to analyse tensions that emerge in the implementation of egovernment in local public administration. On the basis of a constructivist and interpretivist approach, I have undertaken two empirical studies. One focuses on municipal administration of education in Linköping. The other focuses on a governance network on digitalisation policy in Östergötland. The studies are presented in four papers. The issues addressed in the papers are further analysed with a focus on four fields of tension, using network governance theory and translation theory. This shows that the implementation of e-government in local public administration is a tension-laden process. The four fields of tension relate to: different logics and dilemmas for adoption and implementation; concerns and ambiguities in a context of unclear organisational and institutional arrangements; concerns and resistance from professional users; and a reassessment of the meaning of security as a reference for the interpretation of information security. I contend that established managerial and evolutionary models of e-government leave important process-related aspects out of the analysis of change in public administration. The contribution of this thesis lies in its description and analysis of the four identified fields of tension. One significant implication of my analysis is that reassembling current governance mechanisms in local public administration is crucial.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Waltman, Max
(författare)
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Prohibiting Sex Purchasing and Ending Trafficking : The Swedish Prostitution Law
- 2011
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Ingår i: Michigan Journal of International Law. - 1052-2867. ; 33:1, s. 133-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish prostitution law from 1999, now followed by Norway and Iceland, criminalized the purchaser and decriminalized the prostituted person. This is analyzed as a cogent state response under international trafficking law, particularly to the obligations set forth in the United Nation’s Trafficking Protocol from 2000. The Protocol states that a person is regarded a trafficking victim when, e.g., someone abuses her “position of vulnerability” in order to exploit her. International jurisprudence and social evidence strongly suggest that prostitution, as practiced in the world, usually satisfies this definition. Further, the Protocol urges states to reduce the demand for prostitution and to protect and assist victims, for instance by adopting laws deterring purchasers of sex, and by supporting those exploited in prostitution. Policy makers, such as the U.S. Department of State, are criticized for taking an inadequate position in face of the growing evidence from the Swedish law's impact.The article shows that Sweden has significantly reduced the occurrence of trafficking in Sweden compared to neighboring countries. It also scrutinizes some misinformation of the law's impact, showing for instance that claims alleging a more dangerous situation for those still in prostitution after 1999 were unfounded. In addition, the article addresses remaining obstacles to the law's effective implementation, arguing that in order to realize the law's full potential to support escape from trafficking, the civil rights of prostituted persons under current law should be strengthened to enable them to claim damages directly from the purchasers for the harm to which they have contributed, and for the violation of the prostituted persons' equality and dignity - a position now recognized by the government to some extent by clarifying amendments made in 2011.
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| 10. |
- Kotze, Shelley, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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The role of trust in street-level organisations within integration projects
- 2019
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Ingår i: The 17th Annual ESPANET Conference: “Social citizenship, migration and conflict – Equality and opportunity in European welfare states”, The European Network for Social Policy Analysis, 5–7 September 2019, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish immigrant integration holds a unique contradiction in that it is lauded as having the ‘best’ policy in Europe (MIPEX), but its outcomes are amongst some of the poorest (Eurostats). Currently, responsibility of implementing integration policy is held by national agencies at the macro-level. Such a structure, however, is likely to overshadow what goes on at the micro-level, an oversight which is also reflected within current research. By adopting a street-level organisation (SLOs) approach, this research sets out to explore the gap between formal policy provision and measurable outcomes, where trust is situated as a critical dimension within the process of integration that is yet to be captured by other means. This presentation explores trust as a reason for the disparity between policy and outcomes, with the help of a case study that involves an SLO situated in Gothenburg; more specifically, a suburb characterised by a 90% immigrant population, and its unexploited social capital. To resolve this issue Gothenburg embarked on a four-year EU sponsored project concerned with labour market integration. Under this umbrella, a sub-project has been launched to engage 500 immigrants visiting an SLO within green business development as a means to integration. However, while initially promising, several intricacies surrounding the studied SLO, including its structure, history and leadership, has brought forth a number of worrying insights that have severed trust-building and impeded future work. Previous studies exploring the success of projects at the street level have successfully used qualitative methods, including reflexive non-participant observation. In our research we have used field notes collected over a six-month period from the project’s inception, supplemented by time lines of interactions and stakeholder engagements. The data have been coded to decipher key incidents and exchanges where trust has played a pivotal role in the dynamics between stakeholders, and for the direction of the project, as such. Given the responsibility that SLOs currently hold within immigrant integration, the personal street-level interactions from which (dis)trust evolves need to be regarded as significantly important. Our findings suggest that trust is greatly underestimated within SLOs, with distrust disrupting the success of the integration process, often resulting in project failure. This presentation will make recommendations as to how a SLO approach can contribute to trust-building, which will go some way in addressing existing ambiguities and inconsistencies between policy and outcomes concerning immigrant integration.
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| 11. |
- Kotze, Shelley, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Double jeopardy within Swedish integration: Using South–North collaborations to explore the role of gender within transdisciplinary integration projects
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Transdisciplinarity Conference 2019: “Joining Forces for Change”, TD-Net – Network for Transdisciplinary Research / Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences, 10–13 September 2019, Gothenburg, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden is now a highly multicultural society, and as such is dealing with a multiplicity of integration issues. Accordingly, approaches to integration must also be multifaceted in their nature, conducted by transdisciplinary teams within a diverse range of projects. The current approach is to integrate immigrants into the labour market, for which a lauded policy has been implemented (MIPEX). However, when looking at outcomes, the OECD data (2013) is placing Sweden at the bottom of its ranking, with 57% of 15-74-year-olds born outside of Sweden in employment, compared to 67% of native-born Swedes. A possible reason for the gap is the relatively high proportion of native-born women in employment. But, this does not explain why immigrant women’s levels of employment are consistently 10% lower than immigrant men’s. This creates a gender gap between immigrant men and women, and a gap between native-born and immigrant women. As such, immigrant women are experiencing a double-jeopardy in labour-market integration, both as women and as immigrants. Studies exploring instances of the double-jeopardy problem have been conducted in the US (De Jong et al 2001), Canada (Boyd 1984), Australia (Foroutan 2008) and Israel (Reijman & Semyonov 1997). However, this research is still considered novel as it utilises transdisciplinarity to explore the ways in which gender is being used to inform the process of integration. Drawing on the conceptualisation of transdisciplinarity from Zurich 2000, this research draws from a diversity of different projects and approaches to address the real-world problem of double jeopardy experienced by immigrant women. It does so by exploring the experiences and reflections from academics and researchers; government employees; sustainability strategists; social entrepreneurs and NGO volunteer and staff. The projects led by these actors are linked by the aim of providing social integration and the use of the concept of gender in doing so, albeit some more explicitly than others. This presentation explores how the hypothesis of double jeopardy plays out in practice. The aim of our research is to understand the ways in which a transdiciplinarity of actors apply the concept of gender within labour market integration and how this affects tangible outcomes for women. This has been undertaken through a South–North collaboration, using a Swedish-Kenyan collaboration programme within Mistra Urban Futures – SKILLs, aiming towards sustainable urban development. Our research applies a gender analysis of local case studies from impoverished areas of Gothenburg. The discussion is informed by challenges (and solutions) identified in Kisumu (Kenya) and provides a set of co-produced recommendations. The following research questions are pursued: 1. How does labour-market integration consider and use the concept of gender? 2. What effect(s) does the use of gender have upon the outcomes for women within labour-market integration projects? 3. How can the use of the concept of gender be improved within labour-market integration to provide outcomes for women that are equal, fair and sustainable? Initial findings suggest that gender as a concept is experienced differently by immigrant women and Swedish women. In questioning how women from the Global South experience integration projects in the context of the Global North, the collaboration has identified the following aspects: agency; choice of approach; cultural awareness; role modelling; stereotyping and; tokenism – within transdisciplinary projects from both research sites. With these challenges in mind, some integration projects may prove problematic at best and unsuccessful at worst because of this under-researched dimension.
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| 12. |
- Kotze, Shelley, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Using South-North collaborations to explore the role of gender within immigrant integration projects
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 RINGS Conference: “Genders and Feminisms in a Polarised World – Sustainability, Futures and Utopias”, The International Research Association of Institutions of Advanced Gender Studies / Tallinn University – Gender Studies Research Group, 2–4 October 2019, Tallinn, Estonia.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of Sweden’s current predicaments is that it is a highly multicultural society in a European context, facing a crisis through the vulnerability and anxieties relating to the increasing immigrant populations being closely related to an increasing polarisation. In a polarised society, gender is at risk of again becoming the invisible “third” face of policies trying to facilitate migration, overwhelmed by the complexity and jeopardies of integration and disintegration, homogeneity and diversity, equality and inequality, inclusion and exclusion. Sweden has developed a lauded policy, most particularly within the formal opportunities offered to immigrants when accessing the labour-market (MIPEX). However, the index does not measure the outcomes of such policy. The OECD data (2013) is placing Sweden at the bottom of its ranking, as it has the largest gap, in levels of employment between native-born Swedes and those born outside of Sweden. Possible reasoning for the gap is the relatively high proportion of native-born women in employment. When immigrant employment numbers are explored along gendered lines immigrant women’s levels of employment are consistently 10% lower than those of immigrant men. This not only creates a gender gap between immigrant men and women, but also a gap between native-born and immigrant women. As such, immigrant women are experiencing a double-jeopardy in labour-market integration, both as women and as immigrants. Therefore, we ask if intersectional actors are taken into account in designing policies; how they reflect the differences of immigrant women trying to integrate; and how can immigrant women change Swedish society and its labour force? This presentation explores how the hypothesis of double-jeopardy plays out in practice. The aim of our research is to understand the ways in which different approaches to labour-market integration apply the concept of gender, and how this affects the tangible and sustainable outcomes for the women involved. This will be undertaken through a South–North collaboration, using a Swedish-Kenyan collaboration programme within Mistra Urban Futures – SKILLs, aiming towards sustainable urban development. Drawing upon experiences and reflections from works of academics, researchers and NGOs, our research applies a gender analysis of local case studies from impoverished areas of Gothenburg. The discussion is informed by challenges (and solutions) identified in Kisumu, and provides a set of co-produced recommendations. Initial findings suggest that gender as a concept is experienced differently by immigrant women and Swedish women. In questioning how women from the Global South experience integration projects in the context of the Global North we attempt to initiate discussion how labour-market integration can produce more tangible, sustainable and equitable outcomes for immigrant women.
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| 13. |
- Bengtsson, Kristofer, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidens skadeplats : intervjuer med landstingens beredskapssamordnare
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med föreliggande studie var att genom intervjuer med beredskapssamordnare från Sveriges landsting försöka skapa en bild av hur uppfattningen var att skadeplatsen såg ut idag och skulle kunna kommat att förändras på sikt. Vidare önskade intervjustudien söka svar på frågor som rörde komplexiteten på skadeplatsen genom att diskutera ledningsförhållanden, samverkan med andra aktörer, alarmerings- och dirigeringsfunktionernas roll i det svenska sjukvårdsystemet samt hur ett möjligt arbete med ett återtagande av förmågan till ett civilt försvar skulle påverka systemet i sin helhet. Överlag har detta syfte uppnåtts genom ett rikt material kring relevanta frågeställningar som belyst ett flertal kritiska aspekter både i dagens situation men även för framtiden.Resultatet ger en relativt entydig bild av hur situationen uppfattas på landstingsnivå idag av personalen som behandlar beredskapsfrågorna. Den bild som målas upp fokuserar kanske främst på en upplevd avsaknad av centrala och nationellt övergripande styrningar vilket menligt påverkar förmågan att lyfta ledningsförmågan från regional till nationell nivå vid en större händelse som överstiger den regionala förmågan. Den svenska modellen för att hantera samhällsstörningar av idag är väl anpassad för att hantera händelser inom ramen för det egna länets geografiska område. Befintliga koncept för samverkan och samordning bedöms fungera bra i vardagen, exempelvis vid de vanligaste fallen av skadeplatser: trafik och brand. Detta innebär dock att systemet fungerar väl under förutsättning att händelsen är begränsad i såväl tid och rum som vad avser antalet drabbade. En större händelse eller flera händelser samtidigt på olika platser, särskilt om det finns försvårande faktorer såsom utsläpp av farliga ämnen eller en högre hotbild, skapar försvårande omständigheter som upplevs svårhanterliga idag. I ett framtida scenario upplevs även risken för dessa händelser och terrorattacker att öka. Avhängigheten av IT samt ett samhälle som i allt högre grad förlitar sig på ”just in time”-leveranser gör att sårbarheten har ökat och upplevs fortsätta göra det även i framtiden. Andra viktiga områden som lyfts är nuvarande och befarad framtida brist på kompetent personal samt att utbildnings- och övningsverksamhet inte kan bedrivas i önskvärd utsträckning, delvis på grund av personalbrist och –omsättning.Vidare syns den generella uppfattningen vara att det saknas ett tydligt ledarskap på nationell nivå då det sällan, om alls, utkommer några direkta styrningar rörande vad som skall uppnås och i vilken utsträckning. Detta har också påvisats i avsnittet ovan rörande före-, under- och efterperspektivet där det finns en klart övervägande del synpunkter på de två förstnämnda perspektiven. Nationell styrning är alltså något som uppfattas vara efterfrågat och då inte bara avseende ledning under insats utan även i frågor rörande enhetlig utrustning och metodik samt utbildnings- och övningsfrågor. Få respondenter har tagit upp efterperspektivet i någon större utsträckning men då det har förekommit har det framförallt berört erfarenhetshanteringsfrågor och den brist som upplevs finnas inom detta specifika område idag. Erfarenheter från den egna verksamheten, såväl i vardagen som vid insatser vid allvarliga händelser, behöver tas om hand, följas upp och sedan utgöra grund för ett levande utvecklingsarbete.
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| 14. |
- Velasquez, Juan, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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La ciudadania insurgente de las mujeres de barrios populares en Venezuela: Reflexiones sobre los Consejos Comunales y las Salas de Batalla Social. : Barrio women's insurgent citizenship in Venezuela - Reflexions on Communal Councils and Social Battle Rooms
- 2015
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Ingår i: Espacio Abierto. - 1315-0006. ; 24:3, s. 45-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to analyze certain characteristics of the Venezuelan democratic transformation during the Presidency of Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías, particularly from 2002 onwards and with a specific focus on the emergence of barrio women in the new participatory structures. There will be particular attention to the mechanisms enhancing local political participation and social inclusion through the Community Councils (Consejos Comunales) and the Social Battle Rooms (Salas de Batalla Social). Within these instances barrio women had increasingly discovered their own space for individual and collective empowerment. barrio women’s participation in such instances frames a process of gender equality based in scale complementarity in which the structures of macro-politics more dominated by men, while those of micro-politics are generally dominated by barrio women. In this study barrio women’s instances of micro-politics will be conceptualized in terms of insurgent citizenship. The article connects thus to theoretical debates on radical participatory democracy, State-society relations, and the empowerment of barrio women that previously were excluded from the public sphere.
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| 15. |
- Singleton, Benedict, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Intersectionality and climate policy-making: The inclusion of social difference by three Swedish government agencies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. - : SAGE Publications. - 2399-6544 .- 2399-6552. ; 40:1, s. 180-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change effects, views and approaches vary based on geographical location, class, gender, age and other climate related social factors. It is thus relevant to explore how various government bodies/authorities involved in dealing with climate change represent and act on social difference across diverse societies. This article performs a discourse analysis of climate policy documents from three Swedish government agencies: the Transport Administration, the Energy Agency, and the Environmental Protection Agency. This in order to explore how the different agencies represent social difference: what is made visible; what is obscured; what are the implications? We collected a purposive, collated sample of literature through online searches and personal communications with agency staff. We apply an intersectional approach to the sampled literature. The article finds that while each agency articulates an awareness of social difference, this tends to manifest in broad terms. It argues that this has the effect of obscuring differential climate impacts and effects of climate action, with potential environmental justice implications. Finally, the article concludes by proposing that incorporating intersectional approaches will support more effective, inclusive and equitable climate action, in Sweden and elsewhere.
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| 16. |
- Bauhr, Monika, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond Buildings: Social Bargaining and Effective Access to Public Services
- 2024
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Ingår i: Public Organization Review. - 1566-7170. ; 24:1, s. 389-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical access to public services frequently does not guarantee people’s needs will be met — what we term effective access. Such discrepancies result in part from social bargaining: the extent to which citizens can leverage connections with street-level service providers. Survey data from 34 African countries shows citizens with greater social bargaining capacity enjoy greater effective access, in contrast to citizens who pay bribes. Data from 70,000 households in Tanzania further demonstrates that parents with greater social bargaining capacity have more opportunities to interact with school officials — and that their children are more likely to achieve relevant learning outcomes
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| 17. |
- Lavička, Martin
(författare)
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Uyghur Community Matters in Light of Governmental White Papers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Community Still Matters : Uyghur Culture and Society in Central Asian Context - Uyghur Culture and Society in Central Asian Context. - 9788776943158 ; 77, s. 295-310
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter aims to demonstrate the normative constraints and governmental strategies towards the various aspects of Uyghur community matters by analysing the Chinese government’s white papers. Content analysis of white papers presents the official Chinese narrative and illustrates the gradual shift in Beijing’s policy towards the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). It further illuminates the increasing securitisation and repression of the Uyghurs, which is in striking contrast to Beijing’s claims of ethnic unity (minzu tuanjie) and harmony (minzu hexie) under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
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| 18. |
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Theorizing Heritage through Non-Violent Resistance
- 2022
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book is about the entanglement of heritage and resistance in different situations of conflicts, and the opportunities this entanglement may provide for social justice. This entanglement is investigated in the different contributions through theoretical and empirical analyses of heritage-led resistance to neoliberal economic development, violation of the subaltern, authorised narratives and state-invented traditions, colonialism and settler colonialism, and even dominating discourses of social movement, to name just a few. Crossing the disciplinary boundaries of heritage and resistance studies, these analyses bring new insights into several timely debates, especially those concerned with the interrelated critical questions of displacement, gentrification, exclusion, marginalization, urbicide, spatial cleansing, dehumanization, alienation, ethnic cleansing and social injustice. Following our purposeful and future-driven approach, we wish to bring new energy to the field of heritage studies through the focus on the potential of heritage and resistance for hopeful change rather than adding to the field yet another overwhelming engagement with conflict and war.
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| 19. |
- Zapata Campos, María José, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Residents' collective strategies of resistance in Global South cities' informal settlements: Space, scale and knowledge
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cities. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-2751. ; 125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the strategies of resistance articulated by residents of informal settlements response to urban exclusion. Building upon resistance and urban social movements literature the paper is informed by the case of the Villa Rodrigo Bueno in Buenos Aires, a self-constructed villa miseria, and its residents' stories of resistance to attempts of evictions and upgrading programs. In the paper we show how resistance is mobilized, first through its simultaneous disconnection, due to its remoteness and isolation; and reconnection to local and global supportive networks. While disconnection facilitated self-construction, densification and the blooming of informal entrepreneurship; reconnection through relational and multiscalar sites enabled unexpected encounters with distant actors that contributed to resist evictions. Second, the long-term learning and development of self-knowledge (i.e. construction, or housing law), embedded in the remoteness of the informal settlement, contributed to shift expertise from city officers to residents; redefining the role of informal residents into active citizens and experts in policy making, and turning informal settlements into settings of wider social change.
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| 20. |
- Karlsson, Susanna, 1976
(författare)
-
Är det nån som behöver kunna nåt om svenskan? Egentligen?
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Humtankar. ; :2023-11-08
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svenskarnas språkintresse är stort, samtidigt kämpar lärosätena med svikande studentunderlag i kurser och utbildningar som behandlar språk. Susanna Karlsson är utbildningsansvarig och proprefekt vid Institutionen för svenska, flerspråkighet och språkteknologi, Göteborgs universitet. Hon är också docent i nordiska språk och språkexpert i Språket i P1. Här resonerar hon om behovet av att det fortsatt finns utbildningar i och personer som är specialister på svenska språket.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Albrecht, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Nordic power road map 2050:Strategic choices towards carbon neutrality. D4.2.R Policy and Institutional Review Electric Vehicles (EV).
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report examines policy drivers of electric vehicles (EVs), and what potential role policy can play in enhancing the innovation and market development of EVs. We start with a policy review of key targets in the Nordic countries and the EU, up to 2030, and discuss to what extent they are consistent with industry, government and expert estimates of how the EV innovation systems can grow. On the basis of this, the second part examines what policy drivers might be needed to enable a breakthrough scenario, using a technological innovation systems (TIS) perspective to describe the needed processes, drivers and developments in policy and technology.
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| 24. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Regntunga skyar – inledningskapitel
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 978-91-89673-47-2. - Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet. - 0284-4788. - 9789189673472 ; , s. 11-24
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Det finns ett före och ett efter. Ett före, som var världen såsom vi kände den innan den stora stormens härjningar drog in över land. Ett efter, som vi ännu inte vet hur det kommer att te sig. Någonstans däremellan en skärseld av osäkerhet, oro och trevande försök att hitta nya förhållningssätt. Det var nog få som kunnat föreställa sig att det var så det nya årtiondet skulle börja; att förödel-sen av en viruspandemi så tvärt skulle stänga gränser och sätta stopp för den fria rörligheten, att så många verksamheter och arbetstillfällen skulle gå förlorade, att en av de viktigaste uppmaningarna skulle vara att hålla social distansering.Så här en bit in på 2020, kan det nästan vara svårt att föreställa sig vad det var som låg i fokus under 2010-talets sista år, vilka de politiska trätomålen var, vad vi pratade om och vad vi egentligen tyckte. En blick i det gångna årets nyhetsbevak-ning visar en dagordning med fokus på Europaparlamentsvalet, brexitförhandlingar, klimatförändringar, gängkriminalitet och skjutningar. Det är mot bakgrund av denna verklighet som årets forskarantologi från SOM-institutet har fått sitt namn:Regntunga skyar. Titeln knyter an till de nya orosmoln och konfliktlinjer som vi kunnat skönja i det svenska samhället vid 2010-talets slut. Det svenska partiland-skapet har befunnit sig i en omstruktureringens tidevarv, där den politiska kartan successivt ritas om. Vänster och höger är inte längre den givna blockindelningen, snarare kan skymtas konturer av ett nytt, konservativt block. Kulturella värderingar har fått en allt viktigare betydelse, där frågor om identitet, globalisering, kultur och gränsdragning av nationalstatens ansvarsområden är centrala. Prognoser för hur de politiska vindarna blåser låter sig inte lätteligen göras.
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| 25. |
- Bager, Simon L., et al.
(författare)
-
Eighty-six EU policy options for reducing imported deforestation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3322 .- 2590-3330. ; 4:2, s. 289-306
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the importance of tropical forest conservation in achieving global sustainability goals and the key role of forest-risk commodity trade in driving deforestation, consumer country policy options for reducing imported deforestation have received limited scholarly attention. Drawing on gray literature and a European Commission public consultation, we identify 86 policy options for the European Union to address deforestation. We assess the political feasibility and map the “theory of change” (TOC)—the causal chain through which the policies address deforestation—for each of these policy options, identifying a trade-off between feasibility and potential impacts: information-based and cooperative policies, which dominate our sample, typically exhibit high feasibility, but mostly lack convincing TOCs, while more stringent regulatory and market-based policy options generally have lower feasibility. We propose three principles for overcoming the feasibility-impact dilemma: (1) build policies on proven TOCs, (2) use policy mixes, and (3) work with key stakeholders, supply chains, and regions. Images of distressed orangutans in Indonesia and forest fires in Brazil have increased public awareness of deforestation across the globe. Still, deforestation continues more or less unabated, driven by demand for forest-risk commodities, such as palm, soy, cocoa, and beef. What can the European Union (EU) and other consumer regions do to address this problem? Here we present 86 policy options for the EU to address tropical deforestation, identified through a review of gray literature and EU stakeholder consultation responses. Analyzing these, we show that policy options that are politically feasible policies tend to have a weaker theory of change—the causal chain through which the policies address deforestation—setting up a trade-off between feasibility and impact. However, there are exceptions, such as mandatory due diligence, which show potential impact and appear politically feasible. Through policy mixing and working with key stakeholders, supply chains, and producer regions, these barriers can be overcome. Images of distressed orangutans in Indonesia and forest fires in Brazil have increased public awareness of deforestation. Still, deforestation continues unabated, driven by demand for forest-risk commodities, such as palm and soy. Here, we present 86 policy options for the EU to reduce imported deforestation. We identify a trade-off between policy feasibility and potential impact. Mixing different policies and working with key stakeholders, supply chains, and producer regions can help overcome this trade-off.
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| 26. |
- Bahner, Julia
(författare)
-
Nothing About Us Without … Who? Disability Rights Organisations, Representation and Collaborative Governance
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The International Journal of Disability and Social Justice. - : Pluto Journals. - 2732-4036 .- 2732-4044. ; 2:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When governments invite disability rights organisations to policy deliberations, how does the slogan ‘nothing about us without us’ translate into practice? This article draws upon a study about local disability organisations and their relationship to a regional consultative citizens’ council on disability issues in Sweden. Interviews were conducted with organisations that had seats on the council, politicians and officials on the council, as well as with disability organisations without seats on the council. Results show that conceptualisations of ‘disability’ in policies that regulate deliberations not only define what type of organisations are eligible for appointment to the council, but also influence how disability organisations identify, present themselves and what issues they advocate for – leading to divisions among organisations. The findings have implications for collaborative governance structures and disability rights organisations elsewhere – problematising issues around representation, institutionalisation of inclusion and the constantly evolving concept of what counts as ‘disability’.
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| 27. |
- Bastos Lima, Mairon G., 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Leakage and boosting effects in environmental governance: a framework for analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9318 .- 1748-9326. ; 14:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an increasingly interconnected world, leakage-broadly understood as unintended displacement of impacts caused by an environmental policy intervention-has become a major governance concern. Yet, leakage remains both loosely conceptualized and poorly understood as a phenomenon in policy making. To fill this gap and broaden the leakage research agenda, we conduct a state-of-the-art review of scientific assessments on leakage (particularly on land use) and combine it with conceptual and analytical frameworks from the environmental governance literature. We then propose a rigorous definition of leakage, discuss frequently overlooked political dimensions, and develop a typology of leakage pathways. Our analysis of leakage through a governance lens yields five core insights: (1) Leakage is not simply a mechanistic phenomenon, but a complex governance issue involving questions of institutional fit, interactions, and political agency. (2) Although the land use literature traditionally focuses on leakage through markets or activity displacement, a governance lens shows that it also occurs through information, motivation, or institutional channels. (3) As policy-makers may act strategically, the unintentionally of leakage should not be assumed but rather become an object of research. (4) A phenomenon not initially regarded as leakage can come to be framed as such through the action of 'problem brokers' and changes in policy fields. (5) Policy-makers and researchers should broaden their focus from only avoiding leakage to seeking positive spillovers and institutional synergies. These insights are illustrated with examples from two cases relating to land use policy in Brazil and Southeast Asia.
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| 28. |
- Bauhr, Monika, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Will Women’s Representation Reduce Bribery? Trends in Corruption and Public Service Delivery Across European Regions
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Political Behavior. - 0190-9320. ; , s. 1-24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While a growing body of work suggests that women representatives are less likely to be involved in corruption scandals, we know less about if changes in representation patterns also have implications for citizens’ first-hand experiences with corruption in public service delivery. This study suggests that women elected representatives reduce street level bribery, in particular when the share of women increases in contexts where relatively few women are elected or when the absolute increase in women’s representation is relatively large. Using newly collected data on the share of women in 128 regional level parliaments in 10 European countries and four rounds of the European Quality of Government Index (EQI) survey (2010–2021), our twoway fixed effects models show that on average, the proportion of women in regional parliaments is strongly associated with citizens’ self-reported experiences of bribery across all countries and years. Furthermore, our difference-in-difference design shows that the level of bribery in public service provision dropped more sharply in regions that experienced a greater absolute or greater marginal increase in women’s representation. Our results may be understood in light of women candidates placing priority on well-functioning and low corrupt public service provision and the important signals of inclusiveness, non-discrimination and decreased tolerance towards corruption that women’s representation conveys to civil servants.
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| 29. |
- Bi, Stephen L., et al.
(författare)
-
Coal-exit alliance must confront freeriding sectors to propel Paris-aligned momentum
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-6798 .- 1758-678X. ; 13:2, s. 130-139
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global phase-out of coal by mid-century is considered vital to the Paris Agreement to limit warming well-below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. Since the inception of the Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA) at COP23, political ambitions to accelerate the decline of coal have mounted to become the foremost priority at COP26. However, mitigation research lacks the tools to assess whether this bottom-up momentum can self-propagate toward Paris alignment. Here, we introduce dynamic policy evaluation (DPE), an evidence-based approach for emulating real-world policy-making. Given empirical relationships established between energy-economic developments and policy adoption, we endogenize national political decision-making into the integrated assessment model REMIND via multistage feedback loops with a probabilistic coalition accession model. DPE finds global PPCA participation <5% likely against a current policies backdrop and, counterintuitively, foresees that intracoalition leakage risks may severely compromise sector-specific, demand-side action. DPE further enables policies to interact endogenously, demonstrated here by the PPCA’s path-dependence to COVID-19 recovery investments.
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| 30. |
- Bové, Klara, 1987
(författare)
-
Den västsvenska SOM-undersökningen 2016
- 2017
-
Ingår i: En brokig gemenskap. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet vid Göteborgs universitet. - 9789189673403 ; , s. 169-184
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Brommesson, Douglas, et al.
(författare)
-
Att möta den högre utbildningens utmaningar
- 2016
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den övergripande fråga som ställs i rapporten är: hur kan universitet och högskolor upprätthålla kvalitet i utbildningen? Undersökningen bärs upp av tre delar där vi studerar 1) om högskolepedagogiska kurser stärker lärare som pedagoger; 2) huruvida det finns incitament för universitetslärare att satsa på pedagogisk verksamhet; samt 3) vilka förutsättningar lektorer ges att inom ramen för sin tjänst fullgöra det pedagogiska uppdraget. I den första delstudien finner vi att pedagogiska kurser haft positiva effekter på deltagarnas upplevda trygghet i lärarrollen. Samtidigt förändras inte kursdeltagarnas grundläggande förhållningssätt till undervisning. I delstudie två finner vi att incitamenten att satsa på det pedagogiska uppdraget är relativt svaga, eftersom sakkunniga i allmänhet lägger liten vikt vid pedagogiska meriter jämfört med vetenskapliga. I den tredje delstudien undersöks balansen mellan forskning och undervisning för lektorer i statsvetenskap. Resultaten visar att skillnaden i undervisningsplikt, liksom kompensationen för likvärdiga undervisningsuppdrag, varierar mycket mellan lärosäten. Förutsättningarna för det pedagogiska uppdraget ser således väldigt olika ut för lektorer beroende på var de är anställda.
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| 32. |
- Brommesson, Douglas, et al.
(författare)
-
Högskolepedagogiska meriter : En valuta med svag kurs?
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Universitet AB : Om kommodifiering, marknad och akademi. - Göteborg : Daidalos. - 9789171735232 ; , s. 137-176
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I det här kapitlet analyserar vi de spänningar som finns inom det pedagogiska uppdraget sett ur universitetslärarens perspektiv: å ena sidan kräver högskolans huvudmän, intresseorganisationer och förståsigpåare att kraven på pedagogisk meritering måste höjas och skärpas, å andra sidan, trots att högskolepedagogiska kurser i allt högre grad gjorts till obligatorier, nödvändiga för anställning och befordran som universitetslärare, så har den pedagogiska fortbildningens värde ändå urholkats. Å ena sidan är det forskningsmeriter som är hårdvaluta i konkurrensen om tjänster, å andra sidan förväntas en svensk universitetslärare lägga 70-100 procent av sin arbetstid på undervisning. Å ena sidan kräver lärosätena att sökande till lektorat på ett alltmer omfattande sätt dokumenterar sina pedagogiska meriter, å andra sidan tillmäts pedagogiska kvalifikationer inte någon avgörande betydelse när sakkunniga värderar sökandes meriter i tillsättningsprocessen.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Chakraborty, Anwesha, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Science and technology for the people? On the framing of innovation in policy discourses in India and in EU
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Science Communication. - : Sissa Medialab Srl. - 1824-2049. ; 18:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2010 both India and Europe launched new strategies focused on innovation, for economic growth and for addressing societal challenges: the Decade of Innovation from the Indian Government and the Innovation Union from the European Union. This piqued our interest in investigating how these two political entities have envisioned the concept of innovation, particularly in studying and comparing how they have focused on people, both as final beneficiaries (and thus principal legitimisers) of policy actions, and as actors themselves in the innovation process. Per contra we found, in institutional documents, very different descriptions of how to adequately realise citizens' involvement, spanning from the abiding reference to people's inclusion in the Indian case to the varied discourses on public engagement in EU, down to the passive role accorded to citizens in some Expert Groups reports. The comparison between the understandings of innovation (and innovators) in the two contexts can enlarge and refine the argumentative and metaphoric repertoire of science communicators. Further, it can form the basis of a mature and shared debate on the role that knowledge production and innovation policies can and should play in the public governance of science and technology.
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| 35. |
- Cras, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Att sätta fokus på landsbygder : del 2: Lärdomar från kommuner och regioner
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den nationella landsbygdspolitiken pekar ut vikten av landsbygdsperspektiv i offentlig sektor. I den studie som ligger till grund för denna rapport har vi undersökt vad detta kan innebära på kommunal och regional nivå. Strukturer för att aktivt bedöma och försöka påverka utfallet av all typ av politik generellt utifrån dess inverkan på landsbygder kan kallas integrering av landsbygdsperspektivet, eller landsbygdsintegrering. Den konkreta bedömningen av om, och i så fall hur, landsbygden utgör en relevant dimension i en specifik politisk fråga kallar vi landsbygdsbedömning. I rapporten har vi fokus på de kommunala och regionala företrädarnas erfarenheter av hur landsbygdsintegrering kan organiseras som praktik.Syftet med rapporten är att beskriva landsbygdsintegrering som praktik på kommunal och regional nivå, samt lyfta fram lärdomar som kan bidra till förståelsen av landsbygdsintegrering i offentlig verksamhet generellt. Studien är baserad dels på kvalitativa intervjuer med 40 företrädare för kommuner och regioner (tjänstepersoner och politiker), dels på analyser av kommunala och regionala landsbygdspolitiska dokument.På kommunal nivå har landsbygdsintegrering kommit att kallas landsbygdssäkring medan regionerna utvecklar hållbarhetsbedömning som paraplybegrepp där territoriella/geografiska perspektiv eller platsperspektiv pekas ut som en del av flera vid bedömningen. I rapporten konstateras att förekommande landsbygdsbedömningar skiljer sig åt i två dimensioner. Dels gällande bredden i analysen, dels gällande formen av territoriellt fokus.Rapporten redogör även för hur de kommunala och regionala företrädarna uppfattar betydelsen av andra typer av strukturer och arbetssätt inom organisationen som kan samverka med strukturerna för landsbygdsbedömning. Vi lyfter betydelsen av landsbygdsinriktat dialogarbete, politisk förankring av landsbygdsperspektiven samt förvaltningssamordning.Rapportens övergripande slutsatser presenteras i form av en diskussion om ett antal identifierade principfrågor gällande hur landsbygdsintegrering kan utformas, samt i form av en tankefigur som illustrerar variationer i kunskapsgrunden för landsbygdsbedömningar. Vi finner stor variation gällande hur olika tjänstepersoner kombinerar vetenskaplig kunskap, erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap och politiska bedömningar som underlag för landsbygdsbedömningar. De utrycker dock närmast samstämmigt att en betydande utmaning gällande att göra landsbygdsbedömningar är att finna relevant kunskapsunderlag som belyser geografiska dimensioner. Landsbygdsbedömningar kan dock inte reduceras till en fråga om kunskap. Flera informanter uttrycker att rutiner för landsbygdsbedömning tenderar att bli tandlösa utan politiskt tryck för en viss landsbygdspolitisk ambitionsnivå, det vill säga landsbygdsbedömningar kräver också landsbygdspolitiska målsättningar. I slutänden är landsbygdsbedömningen en politisk bedömning.
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| 36. |
- Dahlberg, Stefan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Democracy and Bureaucracy: How their Quality Matters for Popular Satisfaction
- 2014
-
Ingår i: West European Politics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0140-2382 .- 1743-9655. ; 37:3, s. 515-537
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on how citizens’ satisfaction with democracy is affected by system factors related to the input side of the democratic system, i.e. the electoral dimension, as well as to factors related to the output side, i.e. the quality of government. The study investigates the extent to which different election system characteristics and degrees of policy representation (in terms of ideological congruence between voters and representatives) and the presence of effective, professional and impartial governmental institutions are related to citizens’ satisfaction with the way democracy works. The study uses data from CSES on individual voters and party system characteristics together with data on governmental institutions from the QoG Institute. Overall, the results indicate that factors such as government effectiveness are of greater importance for citizens’ satisfaction with the way democracy functions, compared to factors like ideological congruence on the input side. Impartial and effective bureaucracies matter more than representational devices.
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| 37. |
- Dahlström, Carl, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Bureaucracy and Quality of Government
- 2021
-
Ingår i: In Monika Bauhr, Andreas Bågenholm, Marcia Grimes and Bo Rothstein (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Quality of Government. Oxford: Oxford University Press.. - : Oxford University Press. - 9780198858218
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 38. |
- Dahlström, Carl, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Loyal Leaders, Affluent Agencies : The Budgetary Implications of Political Appointments in the Executive Branch
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Politics. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0022-3816 .- 1468-2508. ; 85:2, s. 640-653
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A central issue in democratic theory concerns whether and how politicians can maximize their policy returns from bureaucratic delegation. In this article, we propose that politicians assure favorable delegation outcomes in part by strategically matching responsive personnel and prioritized resources across policy issues and over time. We substantiate our analysis with four decades' worth of data from the Swedish executive bureaucracy, taking particular advantage of the fact that the cabinet ministers generally appoint their agency heads on tenure-protected fixed terms. Using a within-agency research design, we show that the governing parties award more funds to agencies appointed by their ideological allies than to agencies appointed by their ideological opponents. Our findings underscore that political decisions about bureaucratic appointments and appropriations are both part of the same general delegation process but also highlight how political competition can undermine democratic control of bureaucratic policy making.
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| 39. |
- Dahlström, Carl, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Partisan Procurement. Contracting with the United States Federal Government, 2003-2015
- 2021
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Political Science. - : Wiley. - 0092-5853 .- 1540-5907. ; 65:3, s. 652-669
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The U.S. federal government spends huge sums buying goods and services from outside of the public sector. Given the sums involved, strategic government purchasing can have electoral consequences. In this article, we suggest that more politicized agencies show favoritism to businesses in key electoral constituencies and to firms connected to political parties. We evaluate these claims using new data on U.S. government contracts from 2003 to 2015. We find that executive departments, particularly more politicized department‐wide offices, are the most likely to have contracts characterized by noncompetitive procedures and outcomes, indicating favoritism. Politically responsive agencies—but only those—give out more noncompetitive contracts in battleground states. We also observe greater turnover in firms receiving government contracts after a party change in the White House, but only in the more politicized agencies. We conclude that agency designs that limit appointee representation in procurement decisions reduce political favoritism.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- De Fine Licht, Jenny, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Här, där eller överallt? Medborgares åsikter om lokalisering av offentlig service
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Kapitel i Ulrika Andersson, Patrik Öhberg, Anders Carlander, Johan Martinsson & Nora Theorin (red) Ovisshetens tid. Göteborg: SOM-institutet, Göteborgs universitet.. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet, Göteborgs universitet. - 9789189673540 ; , s. 329-342
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det här kapitlet handlar om svenska folkets åsikter om lokalisering av offentlig service. Vi analyserar uppfattningar relaterade till bevarande av skolor och stöd till livsmedelsbutiker i glesbygd, samt centralisering av universitet och sjukvård, och undersöker i vilken grad ideologiska och avståndsbaserade faktorer bidrar till att förklara åsiktsvariationen. Dramatiken i lokaliseringspolitiken beskrivs ofta som en konflikt mellan stad och land, eller centrum och periferi, men resultaten visar att bostadsort och avstånd till service inte alls är så avgörande som man skulle kunna tro. Det är svårt att koppla människors åsikter om lokalisering till var de bor. Däremot har ideologiska faktorer en viss betydelse. Våra resultat väcker därmed nya spännande frågor om vad som egentligen förklarar den stora åsiktspridning och de starka känslor som kommer till uttryck när politiker och medborgare hanterar dessa frågor.
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| 42. |
- De Fine Licht, Jenny, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Närhet eller effektivitet – en kommunal utmaning
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Kommunal Ekonomi. - : Föreningen Sveriges kommunalekonomer. - 0282-0099 .- 2002-3995. ; 2023:2, s. 39-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
- Elofsson, Anna Katarina, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Local Governance of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Air Travel
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 20:5, s. 578-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global greenhouse gas emissions from air travel (GHG-A) are on the rise, and projections point towards a rapid growth in the coming decades. This study aims to examine how local government (cities), addresses GHG-A in their Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAP). To fulfil this aim, over 200 SEAPs were analysed focusing on three issues: (1) Treatment of GHG-A in local emissions inventories; (2) Policy initiatives within this domain; and (3) The cities’ perceptions of the conflicts of interests. Results showed that more than half of the cities acknowledge the challenge of GHG-A, around one third include GHG-A in their emissions inventories, and more than one quarter have initiated policy interventions. To categorise these interventions, we have added a mode ‘governing by agenda setting’ to an existing analytical framework, ‘Modes of governing’. With their authority limited to the local setting, this mode of governing is a common channel for cities to push changes at higher levels.
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| 44. |
- Erlingsson, Gissur Ó, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Den kommunala självstyrelsen
- 2017
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Ingår i: Att äga framtiden. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789176854204 ; , s. 65-76
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I regeringsformens portalparagraf kan vi läsa att den svenska demokratin förverkligas bland annat genom den kommunala självstyrelsen. Forskare som fördjupat sig i frågan menar dock att den kommunala självstyrelsen i praktiken saknar starkt grundlagsskydd (Petersson 2005: 170; jfr Nergelius 2006: 89f ). Regeringsformen anger nämligen att självstyrelsens utformning ska fastställas av riksdagen genom vanlig lag. Därför får självstyrelsen karaktären av en ”gummibandsprincip” (Petersson 2005); regelverket ger riksdagsmajoriteterna makt att utvidga eller inskränka kommunernas befogenhetssfär efter rådande behov (t.ex. Nergelius 2006; Petersson 2001/2002). Dahlkvist & Strandberg (1999: 290) går härvid så långt som att säga att de svenska kommunerna nog aldrig varit mycket mer än ”lokala verkställare av statlig reformpolitik” (jfr. Nergelius 2006: 288), det som Montin (2004: 36) gett etiketten ”välfärdsstatens förlängda arm”. Med facit i hand hävdar många att denna ordning historiskt sett tjänat Sverige väl. Men från ett principiellt perspektiv kan man fråga sig om detta sätt att reglera den kommunala självstyrelsen är det mest önskvärda. Det är i sammanhanget värt att påminna om att relationen mellan stat och kommun tidvis varit tämligen infekterad. Missnöjet med statens starka grepp över kommunsektorn fick på 1990-talet sitt uttryck genom kommunernas kritik mot förslaget om skattestopp, den mellankommunala skatteutjämningen, att staten inte följde finansieringsprincipen, samt att för mycket detaljreglering förekom. Dessutom visade en studie från 2003 att ledande kommunpolitiker upplevde att det över tid skett en förskjutning av makt från lokal till statlig nivå (Karlsson 2004: 13). Mot denna bakgrund vill vi problematisera den rådande ordningen, samt lyfta fram vad som i sentida debatt beskrivits som hot mot idén om självstyrande kommuner.
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| 45. |
- Erlingsson, Gissur Ó, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Kommunsammanläggningarna 1952-1974 : Hur blev de politiskt möjliga?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Offentlig Förvaltning. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 2000-8058 .- 2001-3310. ; 14:3-4, s. 3-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under perioden 1952–1974 genomfördes ett antal omvälvande förändringar av densvenska kommunstrukturen. På 22 år gick Sverige från 2 498 till 278 kommuner.Hur blir sådana omfattande reformer möjliga? Vi besvarar denna fråga genom attanalysera det politiska spelet bakom reformerna. Vi undersöker (a) de huvudsakligaargumenten för kommunsammanläggningarna, (b) grad av konsensus bakom besluten,(c) om, och i sådant fall vilka alternativ till reformerna som presenterades underde debatter som föregick dem, samt slutligen (d) hur man politiskt lyckades genomdrivadessa reformer. Vi ställer två olika förklaringsmodeller mot varandra; evolutionäraförklaringar, som betraktar sammanläggningarna som rationella tillpassningartill förändrade omvärldsförhållanden, ställs mot ett socialt konfliktperspektiv somförklarar sammanläggningarna utifrån deras fördelningseffekter. Vi argumenterar föratt vår analys av de svenska kommunsammanläggningarna ger stöd åt det socialakonfliktperspektivet.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Grimes, Marcia, 1969
(författare)
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Democracy's Infrastructure: The Role of Procedural Fairness in Fostering Consent
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several strands of democracy theory posit that citizens ought to consent to political institutions only under the condition that those institutions adhere to fair procedures of decisions making. While this theory linking citizens' consent to the design of decision-making processes may be normatively compelling, our current knowledge of this link in real political life remains incomplete. Which approaches to decision making do citizens view as more, or less, procedurally fair? To what extent do citizens' evaluations of decision-making processes actually affect their willingness to defer to political institutions and to political decisions? Public opinion research has documented a long term decline in citizens' confidence in government in established democratic nations. In addition, citizens are increasingly inclined, and equipped, to contest political decisions. These trends suggest a growing reluctance to consent to political authority. Attempts to explain and interpret these trends abound, yet the theory of procedural fairness remains empirically under explored. The theory of procedural fairness postulates that citizens evaluate decision-making processes, and that these evaluations in turn can either engender or undermine consent to the decision-making authority. Democracy's Infrastructure employs two attitudes as indicators of consent: willingness to accept decisions, and trust for political institutions. The study considers citizens' assessments of decision-making processes along two different conceptualizations of procedural fairness. The first relates to citizens' satisfaction with their own ability to exert influence in the decision-making process. The second draws on a theme in deliberative democracy theory, which suggests that political decision makers should engage in dialogue with constituents, show a willingness to receive and address input from citizens, and provide clear explication of the various alternatives considered and selected. The empirical analyses examine citizens' assessments of seven decision-making processes in a single political issue, the construction of a double-tracked railway along Sweden's west coast. This comparison sheds light on what approaches to decision making citizens evaluate more favorably or critically. Panel data gathered through two mail surveys enable an examination of the causal order in perceived procedural fairness and indicators of consent. The results show that authorities perceived to employ a more deliberative approach are regarded as much more trustworthy and also, though to a lesser extent, are more able to induce citizens to accept the final decision outcome. Citizens' satisfaction with their own influence in the issue also fosters consent, though to a lesser extent. Furthermore, citizens' assessments of their own influence in the issue seem to reflect personal attributes more than the actual availability of opportunities to exert influence.
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| 48. |
- Hildingsson, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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The green state and industrial decarbonisation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Politics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0964-4016 .- 1743-8934. ; 28:5, s. 909-928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 The Author(s). Published with license by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group The large share of carbon emitted by energy-intensive industries in the extraction and processing of basic materials must be limited to decarbonise society and the economy. Ways in which the state can govern industrial decarbonisation and contributes to green state theory are explored by addressing a largely ignored issue: the green state’s industrial relations and its role in industrial governance. With insights from a Swedish case study, the tension between the state’s economic imperative and ecological concerns in greening industry are shown to persist. However, as the energy-intensive industry’s previously privileged position in the economy is weakening, industry is opened to decarbonisation strategies. While the case exposes a number of governance challenges, it also suggests potential areas where the state can pursue decarbonisation in energy-intensive industry and points the way to an active role of the green state in governing industrial decarbonisation and greening industry.
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Vox Populi, Vox Dei? Tacit collusion in politics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Economics & Politics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-1985 .- 1468-0343. ; 35:3, s. 752-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study competition between political parties in repeated elections with probabilistic voting. This model entails multiple equilibria, and we focus on cases where political collusion occurs. When parties hold different opinions on some policy, they may take different policy positions that do not coincide with the median voter's preferred policy platform. In contrast, when parties have a mutual understanding on a particular policy, their policy positions may converge (on some dimension) but not to the median voter's preferred policy. That is to say, parties can tacitly collude with one another, despite political competition. Collusion may collapse, for instance, after the entry of a new political party. This model rationalizes patterns in survey data from Sweden, where politicians on different sides of the political spectrum take different positions on economic policy but similar positions on refugee intake-diverging from the average voter's position, but only until the entry of a populist party.
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| 50. |
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