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Numrering	Referens	Omslagsbild	Hitta
1.	Lavesson, Lillian, et al. (författare) Naturens betydelse för hälsa och livsstil. 2011 Ingår i: Grön Entreprenör. Naturupplevelse och hälsa. - 9789157690364 ; , s. 90-107 Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
2.	Nilsson, Kerstin, et al. (författare) Why work farmers beyond 65? 2012 Ingår i: Landskap, trädgård, jordbruk : rapportserie. - 1654-5427. ; 2012:16, s. 88-88 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
3.	Nilsson, Kerstin, et al. (författare) Occupational Accidents Among Elderly Farmers in Sweden 2012 Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270 .- 1051-9815. ; 41, s. 5324-5326 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The workforce in many countries nowadays is becoming older due to demographic change. Compared with many other occupations, farmers often work until a higher age. This study analysed occupational accidents to farmers in Sweden from an age perspective using data on 223 work injuries on farms and 990 road accidents involving tractors. The results showed that older farmers were not significantly more often injured than younger farmers, but appeared to suffer more hits and kicks from animals and were involved in more vehicle accidents than younger farmers. Older tractor drivers were more often involved in road turning accidents and in overtaking accidents involving private cars. Older farmers also sustained more skeletal injuries and took longer to heal after an accident.
4.	Pinzke, Stefan, et al. (författare) Tractor accidents in Swedish traffic 2012 Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270 .- 1051-9815. ; 41, s. 5317-5323 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The objective of this study is to reach a better understanding of accidents on Swedish roads involving tractors and to suggest ways of preventing them. In an earlier study we analyzed police-reported fatal accidents and accidents that led to physical injuries from 1992 to 2005. During each year of this period, tractors were involved in 128 traffic accidents on average, an average of 7 people were killed, 44 sustained serious injuries, and 143 sustained slight injuries. The number of fatalities in these tractor accidents was about 1.3% of all deaths in traffic accidents in Sweden. Cars were most often involved in the tractor accidents (58%) and 15% were single vehicle accidents. The mean age of the tractor driver involved was 39.8 years and young drivers (15-24 years) were overrepresented (30%). We are now increasing the data collected with the years 2006-2010 in order to study the changes in the number of accidents. Special attention will be given to the younger drivers and to single vehicle accidents. Based on the results we aim to develop suggestions for reducing road accidents, e. g. including measures for making farm vehicles more visible and improvement of the training provided at driving schools.
5.	Abong'o, Deborah, et al. (författare) Impacts of pesticides on human health and environment in the River Nyando catchment, Kenya 2014 Ingår i: International Journal of Humanities, Arts, Medicine and Sciences. - : Best Journals. - 2348-0521. ; 2:3, s. 1-14 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The population of the River Nyando catchment largely relies on rain fed agriculture for their subsistence.Important crops grown include cereals, cash crops fruits and vegetables. Farming is one of the contributors of pollution to Lake Victoria. Organophosphates and other banned organochlorine pesticides such as lindane, aldrin and dieldrin were used by farmers. The pesticides transport was by storm water run-off and air drift into the lake. Environmental risk assessment background information was collected through questionnaire and interviews of farmers to determine knowledge and safe use of pesticides. Fourteen pesticides were identified as commonly used of which four are toxic to bees and five to birds. The farmers identified declines in the number of pollinating insects, the disappearance of Red-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus erythrorthynchus) and wild bird’s fatalities. The general knowledge among farmers about chemicals risks, safety, and chronic illnesses was low. Activities that increases environmental awareness and safety of pesticides should be initiated by the agrochemical firms and government.
6.	Nilsson, Kerstin (författare) Åtgärder för att minska risken för arbetskador bland äldre lantbrukare 2013 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract På grund av den förändrade demografin blir det allt fler äldre inom arbetskraften i västvälden. Detta inte minst inom lantbruket där antalet äldre som arbetar kvar till en hög ålder är betydande. De generella fysiologiska förändringarna med ökande ålder, som exempelvis sämre syn, hörsel och reaktionsförmåga, är riskfaktorer för att drabbas av arbetsskador. Lantbruket är samtidigt en av Sveriges farligaste arbetsplatser. Med anledning av detta är det viktigt att åldersanpassa arbetslivet utifrån dessa åldersförändringar. Det övergripande syftet med projektet var att studera genomförda åtgärder för att minska risken för arbetsskador bland äldre inom lantbruket. Projektet bestod av två delar: i) Att göra en kunskapsöversikt av internationella interventioner för äldre inom lantbrukets arbetsmiljö där åtgärderna ska ha utvärderats. Kunskapsöversikten avser därigenom att kunna visar på vilka insatser som verkligen har visat sig minska risker för olyckor och ohälsa i lantbruksarbetet bland äldre (55 år och äldre). ii) Att intervjua äldre lantbrukare om vilka åtgärder de hade vidtagit i sitt dagliga arbete vid ökande ålder för att minska risken för arbetsskador. Den systematiska litteraturgenomgången av internationella studier visade på bristen av utvärderade åtgärder och interventioner angående att minska risken för arbetsskador bland äldre på lantbruk. Trots åtskilliga sökningar återfanns enbart tre utvärderade interventioner varav enbart två hade utvärderat effekten av åtgärden och en hade utvärderat antalet deltagare i interventionen. Resultatet från intervjustudien med de äldre lantbrukarna visade på att de åtgärder som de hade vidtagit för att klara av sitt dagliga arbetsliv var: 1) Anpassa arbetet till sitt funktionella åldrande genom att lägga om produktionsinriktningen, köpa in tjänster eller låta någon annan göra alltför fysiskt tungt och stressande arbete; 2) Lyssna på sin kropp och ta pauser, vila och återhämta sig så man inte blev för sliten och för att minska risken för olyckor och skador; 3) Kontinuerligt underhåll av maskiner, byggnader och utemiljöer; 4) Använda ny teknik för att minska arbetsbelastningen och göra arbetet säkrare; 5) Fysiskträning för att stärka alla kroppens muskler och bevara/förbättra styrka och uthålligheten. 6) Personlig skyddsutrustning och funktionella arbetsskor och arbetskläder.
7.	Nilsson, Kerstin (författare) Förlängt arbetsliv? 2013 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
8.	Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al. (författare) Food systems sustainability - For whom and by whom? : An examination of different 'food system change' viewpoints 2018 Ingår i: Development Research Conference 2018: “Rethinking development”, 22–23 August 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The United Nations identifies the food crisis as one of the primary overarching challenges facing the international community. Different stakeholders in the food system have widely different perspectives and interests, and challenging structural issues, such as the power differentials among them, remain largely unexamined. These challenges make rational discourse among food system actors from different disciplines, sectors and levels difficult. These challenges can often prevent them from working together effectively to find innovative ways to respond to food security challenges. This means that finding solutions to intractable and stuck issues, such as the food crisis often stall, not at implementation, but at the point of problem identification. Food system sustainability means very different things to different food system actors. These differences in no way undermine or discount the work carried out by these players. However, making these differences explicit is an essential activity that would serve to deepen theoretical and normative project outcomes. Would the impact and reach of different food projects differ if these differences were made explicit? The purpose of this initial part of a wider food system research project is not to search for difference or divergence, with the aim of critique, but rather to argue that by making these differences explicit, the overall food system project engagement will be made more robust, more inclusive and more encompassing. This paper starts with some discussion on the different food system perspectives, across scales, regions and sectors but focuses primarily on the design of processes used to understand these divergent and at times contradictory views of what a sustainable food system may be. This paper draws on ongoing work within the Mistra Urban Futures project, using the food system projects in cities as diverse as Cape Town, Manchester, Gothenburg and Kisumu as sites for this enquiry.
9.	Wheeler, A. J., et al. (författare) Roof cavity dust as an exposure proxy for extreme air pollution events 2020 Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535. ; 244 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Understanding exposure to air pollution during extreme events such as fire emergencies is critical for assessing their potential health impacts. However, air pollution emergencies often affect places without a network of air quality monitoring and characterising exposure retrospectively is methodologically challenging due to the complex behaviour of smoke and other air pollutants. Here we test the potential of roof cavity (attic) dust to act as a robust household-level exposure proxy, using a major air pollution event associated with a coal mine fire in the Latrobe Valley, Australia, as an illustrative study. To assess the relationship between roof cavity dust composition and mine fire exposure, we analysed the elemental and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composition of roof cavity dust (<150 mu m) from 39 homes along a gradient of exposure to the mine fire plume. These homes were grouped into 12 zones along this exposure gradient: eight zones across Morwell, where mine fire impacts were greatest, and four in other Latrobe Valley towns at increasing distance from the fire. We identified two elements-barium and magnesium-as 'chemical markers' that show a clear and theoretically grounded relationship with the brown coal mine fire plume exposure. This relationship is robust to the influence of plausible confounders and contrasts with other, non-mine fire related elements, which showed distinct and varied distributional patterns. We conclude that targeted components of roof cavity dust can be a useful empirical marker of household exposure to severe air pollution events and their use could support epidemiological studies by providing spatially-resolved exposure estimates post-event. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
10.	Pinzke, Stefan, et al. (författare) Farm tractors on Swedish public roads - age-related perspectives on police reported incidents and injuries 2014 Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270 .- 1051-9815. ; 49:1, s. 39-49 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Agriculture consistently ranks as one of the highest risk industries in North America and Europe. In addition to vehicle injuries and other injuries that occur on farms, farm vehicle drivers are also involved in collisions involving tractors and other slow-moving vehicles (SMVs) on public roads. These collisions often lead to injuries among farmers, family members, farm workers, and other road users. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a demographic analysis of road traffic incidents involving tractors in Sweden during the time period 1992-2009, with special consideration of how incidents vary with driver age. METHODS: Statistics from 2,305 police reports describing tractor-related road traffic incidents in Sweden in 1992-2009 were analysed with respect to driver age, type of incident, severity of injury, type of road user and other circumstances at the accident site. RESULTS: Tractors of all kinds were involved in 128 road traffic incidents annually, with 7 people killed, 44 seriously injured and 143 suffering minor injuries each year. The annual number of fatalities represented 1.2% of all Swedish road fatalities. Most road traffic incidents with farm tractors involved people aged 25-55 years (mean 45 years). However, most farm tractor drivers killed or injured belonged to younger or older age groups. Drivers aged 12-16 years were over-represented in tractor incidents with no other vehicle involved. Older tractor drivers (> 55 years) were more often involved in incidents with passenger vehicles on entering traffic flows. The youngest tractor drivers aged 12-16 years were more often involved in road traffic incidents during school holidays, and both youngest and oldest drivers (> 65 years) during harvest time. CONCLUSIONS: Sweden has an ageing fleet of tractors, so increased attention to vehicle maintenance is needed to improve road safety. The over-representation of young children in tractor incidents suggests that it is questionable whether they should be allowed to operate farm vehicles. Farm vehicle drivers suffering the inevitable effects of ageing need increase their awareness of added risks. As road traffic incidents with tractors often involve private vehicles, creating awareness among the public of slow-moving farm vehicles is essential for improving overall road safety.
11.	Nilsson, Kerstin (författare) Parents' Attitudes to Risk and Injury to Children and Young People on Farms 2016 Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract ObjectivesChildren and young people growing up in a farm environment run a greater risk of being injured or dying in an accident than their non-farming counterparts. This study examines farming parents' attitudes and experiences of having their children grow up on farms, one of the most dangerous work environments as their home, everyday environment and playground.MethodData were collected using two ethnological methods, a question list and interviews, with a study population of 20 parents. The data were analysed phenomenologically.ResultsThe analysis pursued four themes: i) the most dangerous places and situations on the farm; ii) children's tasks on the farm; iii) children as a safety risk on the farm; and iv) farm risk education for children.ConclusionsMost parents know the risks on their farm, but are sometimes careless when working under stress or exhaustion. Some parents wanted more information and some wanted compulsory preventative or safety measures by manufacturers, e.g. a safety belt as standard on the extra seat in tractors. Children's friends were described as one of the greatest risks for injury due to peer pressure. Some parents mentioned that people who grow up on farms are sometimes 'blind' to the dangers. Other parents seemed to overlook the risks and had their children carrying out tasks for which they were not mentally or physically equipped. Some of the tasks the children reportedly carried out on farms contravened Swedish legislation. It is thus important for farming parents to be repeatedly reminded of the risks to their children and to increase their awareness of how to prevent and eliminate risks in order to avoid accidents on the farm. The situation for farm children is highlighted in a critical discussion.
12.	Nilsson, Kerstin (författare) To work or not to work in an extended working life : factors in working and retirement decisions 2013 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; , s. 61-61 Annan publikation (refereegranskat)
13.	Menzel, Carolin, et al. (författare) Alkylresorcinols in Swedish cereal food products 2012 Ingår i: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0889-1575 .- 1096-0481. ; 28:2, s. 119-125 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this study alkylresorcinol (AR) content and homologue composition was determined in 159 cereal products commonly consumed in Sweden. Food items were sorted into seven groups including soft bread, crisp bread, breakfast cereals, pasta, flour, cookies and other cereal products with varying content of rye, wheat, oat, corn, rice and maize. The analyzed total AR content ranged from not detectable to 4178 μg/g (fresh weight). Bran and whole grain (WG) items showed highest AR contents and were comparable to previous reports. The AR content was strongly correlated with WG content from rye and wheat cereals (r = 0.80, P < 0.001), the main source of AR. In addition, the calculated ratio of the homologues C17:0 and C21:0, which was previously reported to distinguish between rye and wheat products, was associated to the proportion of rye content in WG of wheat and rye (r = 0.83, P < 0.001). The data from the present study can be used to estimate AR intake from WG of rye and wheat in the Swedish population and the results indicated that WG content from rye and wheat may be predicted by using AR content and homologue composition in cereal products.
14.	Palsdottir, Anna Maria, et al. (författare) Nature-Based Rehabilitation in Peri-Urban Areas for people with Stress-related Illness : A controlled prospective study 2015 Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
15.	Özel, Faith, et al. (författare) Prenatal exposure to phthalates and gender-specific play behavior at seven years of age in the SELMA study 2023 Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 178 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: A growing body of evidence shows that prenatal exposure to phthalates affects child development. Since many phthalates have been shown to alter endocrine signaling, they may influence reproductive development, neurodevelopment, and child behavior. Indeed, a few studies reported associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and gender-specific play behavior. However, evidence for this relationship is limited, and previous findings are based on single phthalates, while human exposure entails mixtures of chemicals. Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations between prenatal exposure to single phthalates, as well as a phthalate mixture, and gender-specific play behavior. Methods: A total of 715 mother–child pairs from the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and Child, Asthma and Allergy (SELMA) study were included. In the median week 10 of pregnancy, phthalate metabolites were measured in urine. Gender-specific play behavior was measured with Preschool Activities Inventory at the age of seven years. Linear and weighted quantile sum regressions were used; data was stratified by sex. Models were adjusted for child and maternal age, maternal education, parental attitudes toward play behavior, and urinary creatinine concentration. Results: For boys, single compound analyses revealed negative associations of prenatal exposure to di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) concentrations with masculine (β = −1.44; 95% CI = −2.72, −0.16) and composite (β = −1.43; 95% CI = −2.72, −0.13) scores. Suggestive associations were also observed with a mixture approach identifying DINP as the main contributor of the association of decreased masculine play. Among girls, higher urinary concentrations of 2,4-methyl-7-oxyooctyl-oxycarbonyl-cyclohexane carboxylic acid (MOiNCH) was associated with decreased feminine (β = −1.59; 95% CI = −2.62, −0.57) and masculine scores (β = −1.22; 95% CI = −2.14, −0.29), whereas the mixture analyses did not yield conclusive results for girls. Conclusion: Our findings suggest associations of prenatal exposure to DINP with decreased masculine play behavior in boys while the results for girls were not fully conclusive.
16.	Häggström, Carola (författare) Human factors in mechanized cut-to-length forest operations 2015 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Although forest operations research has a more than 50-year-long tradition in the field of human factors, there is a current decline in resources put on continuous and systematic human factors research. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to contribute new knowledge on working conditions in mechanized cut-to-length logging operations and their relationship to system performance. Findings from four different studies, each using different research methods and approaches, were compiled and discussed based on their relevance to operator working conditions and logging system performance in a Nordic context and with a broader international outlook. A human, technology and organization (HTO) framework was used in Study I to scrutinize the problems that exist in the interactions between these three aspects. The body of knowledge on the H, T and O aspects was extended in Studies II, III and IV based on problem identification Study I. In study II, it was emphasized that most Swedish logging contractors were relatively small enterprises working purely with machine operations. Consequently, with the exception of between harvester and forwarder, task rotation has limited potential to be implemented within most companies. In Study III, forwarder crane work was essentially ruled out as a major source of harmful levels of whole body vibration (WBV). The results also indicated that the choice of grapple may prove important with respect to avoiding costly growth losses for the landowner and environmental concerns. In Study IV, gaze behaviour was investigated in an observational field study. By comparing operators in first thinning, second thinning and final felling, a task-dependent information search pattern was identified. Specifically, the information on the bucking monitor and the tree being felled was less frequently attended to, i.e. less interesting, during first thinning than during the other operation types. Taken as a whole, much of the forestry literature focuses on individual aspects of the work environment, as in studies II-IV, and a systems perspective is less frequently applied. A hindrance to applying a systems perspective is that it demands transdisciplinary research teams and interdisciplinary research. However, this should be seen as an opportunity and not a hindrance to successful future research.
17.	Lundqvist, Peter, et al. (författare) Rural Crime As A Health And Safety Issue For Swedish Animal Farmers 2021 Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 27, s. A42-A42 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
18.	Kumaraveloo, K. Sakthiaseelan, et al. (författare) Agriculture and musculoskeletal disorders in low- and middle-income countries 2018 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 23:3, s. 227-248 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To systematically explore and summarize the risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among the agricultural workers in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In addition, to identify and analyze the methodological flaws in the reviewed studies. Methods: A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Science Direct, Embase, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. Three-phased screening process was undertaken to eliminate irrelevant publications. Assessment of methodological quality was done using a standardized assessment tool. Results: Eighteen cross-sectional studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Based on the median score of 38%, nine publications were classified as having higher methodological quality. Eight countries were represented in this review, mainly the South East Asia countries. Majority of the participants were rice farmers. Most common risk factors associated with WMSDs were physical factors (n = 10), followed by individual (n = 6) and psychosocial (n = 5) risk factors. A majority of the studies investigated the risk factors for spinal region. Several methodological weaknesses were noticed in the studies concerning outcome definition, assessment of potential confounders, generalizability, selection bias, information bias, and statistical analysis. Extensive heterogeneity across the studies prevented statistical pooling. Conclusions: The common anatomical region evaluated was the spine and the most reported risk factors were physical risk factors. Future researches in the LMIC should focus on conducting longitudinal studies that could infer temporality. Researchers should give more attention in defining the study population, evaluating the exposure and outcome in an unbiased way, and in executing reliable statistical analysis.
19.	Löfqvist, Lotta, et al. (författare) An analytical ergonomic risk evaluation of body postures during daily cleaning tasks in horse stables 2015 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 51:4, s. 667-682 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a common reason for health problems and sick leave in many professions. A work arena where MSDs have not been sufficiently studied is stable work. Here many heavy and repetitive work tasks are performed manually with old-fashioned working tools.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use an analytical approach to identify, evaluate and grade ergonomic problems in physical work performed during daily activities in horse stables and relate these to MSDs among the workers and to the design of the tools.METHODS: Three common work tasks were studied to identify, evaluate and grade ergonomic problems; mucking out, sweeping and bedding replacement. Used methods were Hierarchical Task Analysis, Heuristic Evaluation and Rapid Entire Body Assessment.RESULTS: Several high-risk operations were found in mucking out boxes and disposal of bedding material. The problems consisted of awkward working postures such as a twisted and bent back, arms in an elevated position, wrists in extreme joint positions and handling of heavy loads.CONCLUSIONS: By using an analytical approach it is possible to identify presumptive ergonomic problems without extensive empirical research. In most high-risk operations, long-shafted tools or a wheelbarrow were used, which emphasize a need to develop tools with better ergonomic design to improve the working situation. The limitation is that the ergonomics problems found are not finally validated. The results show where deeper empirical research is needed, both regarding how MSDs occur and how tools and environment contribute to physical problems.
20.	Isgren, Ellinor, et al. (författare) An Environmental Justice Perspective on Smallholder Pesticide Use in Sub-Saharan Africa 2021 Ingår i: The Journal of Environment & Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-5465 .- 1070-4965. ; 30:1, s. 68-97 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Pesticide use is increasing in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and many smallholders purchase, handle, and apply toxic pesticides with inadequate equipment, knowledge, and technical support. Through the frame of environmental justice, this literature-based study analyzes characteristics, impacts, and drivers of smallholder pesticide use in sub-Saharan Africa, with particular attention to Uganda as a case. We find that market liberalization, poor regulation enforcement, and persistent neglect of agricultural extension place the burden of risk largely on farmers, while perceived necessity of pesticides and the elusive nature of impacts (especially under conditions of insufficient monitoring) likely delay social mobilization around pesticides. The environmental justice frame, which has seen limited application in smallholder contexts, importantly helps delineate future directions for research and practice. It is particularly effective for redirecting focus from highly limited managerial solutions for “safe use” toward deeper problem drivers and solutions capable of tackling them.
21.	Pinzke, Stefan (författare) Comparison of working conditions and health among dairy farmers in southern Sweden in over a 25-year period 2015 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
22.	Schillemans, Tessa, et al. (författare) Omics signatures linking persistent organic pollutants to cardiovascular disease in the Swedish mammography cohort 2024 Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 58:2, s. 1036-1047 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) development may be linked to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds (OCs) and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). To explore underlying mechanisms, we investigated metabolites, proteins, and genes linking POPs with CVD risk. We used data from a nested case-control study on myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke from the Swedish Mammography Cohort - Clinical (n = 657 subjects). OCs, PFAS, and multiomics (9511 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolite features; 248 proteins; 8110 gene variants) were measured in baseline plasma. POP-related omics features were selected using random forest followed by Spearman correlation adjusted for confounders. From these, CVD-related omics features were selected using conditional logistic regression. Finally, 29 (for OCs) and 12 (for PFAS) unique features associated with POPs and CVD. One omics subpattern, driven by lipids and inflammatory proteins, associated with MI (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.47; 2.79), OCs, age, and BMI, and correlated negatively with PFAS. Another subpattern, driven by carnitines, associated with stroke (OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.16; 2.09), OCs, and age, but not with PFAS. This may imply that OCs and PFAS associate with different omics patterns with opposite effects on CVD risk, but more research is needed to disentangle potential modifications by other factors.
23.	Sjöström, Ylva, 1974-, et al. (författare) Exposure to phthalates and DiNCH among preschool children in Sweden : Urinary metabolite concentrations and predictors of exposure 2023 Ingår i: International journal of hygiene and environmental health. - : Urban & Fischer. - 1438-4639 .- 1618-131X. ; 250 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Several plasticizing chemicals induce endocrine disrupting effects in humans, and the indoor environment is suggested to be a source of exposure. As children are particularly vulnerable to the effects from exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), it is essential to monitor exposure to EDCs such as phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in indoor environments intended for use by children. The aim of this study was to assess everyday plasticizer exposure among preschool-aged children in Sweden by measuring urinary plasticizer metabolite concentrations. In addition, it was investigated whether the concentrations would be altered as a result of the children spending part of the day at preschool, in comparison with weekend exposure, when they may spend more time in home environments or engage in various weekend and leisure activities. For this purpose, fourteen metabolites from eight phthalates (di-ethylhexyl phthalate, DEHP; di-n-butyl phthalate, DnBP; di-isobutyl phthalate, DiBP; butyl-benzyl phthalate, BBzP; di-iso-nonyl phthalate, DiNP; di-propylheptyl phthalate, DPHP; di-iso-decyl phthalate, DiDP; and di-ethyl phthalate, DEP) and one non-phthalate plasticizer (di-isononyl cyclohexane 1,2-dicarboxylate, DiNCH) were measured in 206 urine samples collected at four occasions, i.e. twice during the winter and twice during the spring from 54 children (mean 5.1 years, SD 0.94) enrolled at eight preschools in Sweden. A detection frequency (DF) of 99.9% for the 14 metabolites indicates a widespread exposure to plasticizers among children in Sweden. Compared to previous Swedish and international studies performed during approximately the same time period, high urinary concentrations of monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), a metabolite from the strictly regulated BBzP, were measured in this study (median 17 ng/mL). Overall, high urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations were observed in this study compared to the US CDC-NHANES from the same time period and similar age-group. Compared to European studies, however, similar concentrations were observed for most metabolites and the urinary concentrations from few participating children exceeded the human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GV) for children. After days with preschool attendance, lower urinary concentrations of metabolites originating from DEP and phthalates that are strictly regulated within the EU REACH legislation (DEHP, DnBP, and DiBP) and higher concentrations of metabolites originating from DiNP, DPHP, and DiDP, i.e. less or non-regulated phthalates were found compared the urinary concentrations of these metabolites in weekends. This may indicate that factors in the indoor environment itself are important for the extent of the plasticizer exposure. All the analyzed metabolites were measured in lower concentrations in urine collected from children attending preschools built or renovated after the year 2000, while no seasonal differences were observed in this study.
24.	Lidfors, Lena (författare) Grön rehabilitering som behandling på lantgård : Metodutveckling av naturunderstödd rehabilitering med interdisciplinärt vårdteam vid utmattningssyndrom 2021 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Från 2010 till 2015 var det en generell ökning av antalet nya sjukfall i Sverige, men från 2015-2016 låg det på samma nivå. Psykiatriska diagnoser är den vanligaste sjukskrivningsorsaken, och inom denna grupp finns diagnosen stressutlöst utmattningssyndrom. Den ger ofta nedsatt arbetsförmåga under lång tid och patienterna har svåra kroppsliga och kognitiva symptom. Forskning har visat att rehabilitering i trädgård med tillgång till natur kan korta ned rehabiliteringstiden. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva metodutvecklingen av naturunderstödd rehabilitering på gård med ett interdisciplinärt team med legitimationsutbildningar. Studien genomfördes under april 2016 – december 2018 på GreveGarden där man byggt upp utemiljö och växthus från Patrik Grahns åtta karaktärer. Det fanns samlingsrum med öppen eld, ett stort växthus med porlande vattenkanal och guldfiskar, tillgång till varierad trädgård och kök. I närområdet fanns lantgårdar med mjölkkor, får och hästar, samt skog. Det interdisciplinära teamet bestod av en projektledare som är högskoleutbildad trädgårdsmästare och legitimerad sjuksköterska, en legitimerad sjukgymnast med inriktning mot basal kroppskännedom, en legitimerad arbetsterapeut och en legitimerad läkare som i teamet mest använde sin utbildning som diplomerad samtalsgrupp- och symboldramaterapeut. Målgruppen var sjukskrivna personer, bosatta i Skaraborg, med diagnos stressutlöst utmattningssyndrom. Totalt inkom det 98 remisser, 91 kvinnor och 7 män. Remittenter var vårdcentraler (80 st.), företagshälsovård (11 st.), vuxen psykiatrisk mottagning (4 st.), medicinmottagning (2 st.) och en privat läkare (1 st.). Totalt har 63 behandlingar avslutats. Fem av dessa patienter har gått två omgångar. Könsfördelningen har varit 56 kvinnor och två män. Av de inkomna remisserna har 40 ej lett till rehabilitering av olika anledningar, exempelvis ej lämplig diagnos, gått till annan behandling eller påbörjat arbetsträning under kötiden, samt ekonomiska svårigheter med transport. Åtta patienter har ingått i varje behandlingsgrupp. Rehabiliteringstiden var tre halvdagar per vecka i 14 veckor och varje dag leddes av två teammedlemmar. Dagarna hade en igenkännbar rytm. Samling i grupp med avslappning och samtal skedde i början av dagen. Närvaron prioriterades högt, men väl på plats kunde patienterna vara aktiva eller ta det lugnare. Behandlande aktiviteter anpassades till individen och gruppen. Vistelse utomhus ingick vid varje tillfälle. Samling med fika efter promenad och avslutning i grupp med reflektioner ingick alltid. Det utvecklades samsyn i teamet kring patienternas mönster, deras styrkor och svårigheter. Detta gav underlag för arbete tillsammans med patienten med mål och delmål. I avslutningsfasen deltog någon ur teamet på avstämningsmötet med försäkringskassan och arbetsgivaren eller arbetsförmedlingen. Patienterna var positiva till miljön, det interdisciplinära teamet och den metod som varje profession använde. Opartisk utvärdering har gjorts av Skaraborgsinstitutet.
25.	Lindahl, Cecilia, et al. (författare) Occupational Health and Safety Aspects of Animal Handling in Dairy Production 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 18:3, s. 274-283 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Livestock handling in dairy production is associated with a number of health and safety issues. A large number of fatal and nonfatal injuries still occur when handling livestock. The many animal handling tasks on a dairy farm include moving cattle between different locations, vaccination, administration of medication, hoof care, artificial insemination, ear tagging, milking, and loading onto trucks. There are particular problems with bulls, which continue to cause considerable numbers of injuries and fatalities in dairy production. In order to reduce the number of injuries during animal handling on dairy farms, it is important to understand the key factors in human-animal interactions. These include handler attitudes and behavior, animal behavior, and fear in cows. Care when in close proximity to the animal is the key for safe handling, including knowledge of the flight zone, and use of the right types of tools and suitable restraint equipment. Thus, in order to create safe working conditions during livestock handling, it is important to provide handlers with adequate training and to establish sound safety management procedures on the farm.
26.	Andersson, Elias, et al. (författare) Gendered Agricultural Space and Safety: Towards Embodied, Situated Knowledge 2014 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 19, s. 303-315 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The changing conditions, technologies, and labor markets have shifted the gender division of labor on the farm. Women have taken on off-farm labor, but also increased their involvement in agriculture. The work and occupational risks of women have received less attention and are to great extent invisible. The spatial division between on-farm, off-farm, and domestic work is one contributing factor to the situation. The different situations and contexts of agriculture increase the need for knowledge regarding the processes and positions of farming. Through analyzing the literature on the topic, this study examined the gendered understanding of occupational health and safety in Western agriculture and how the embodied positions on the farm can affect women's exposure to risks and their knowledge about injury prevention. The findings are being discussed and framed in a dialogue with a gender theoretical framework, with the aim to produce a more comprehensive understanding of health and safety in agriculture through improving and refining methods. The review stresses the need of further gender research and the incorporation of qualitative methods, to increase the knowledge and understanding of the gendered relations, bodies, and situated knowledge of agricultural spaces.
27.	Röös, Elin, et al. (författare) Nästa steg för ekologiskt lantbruk – eko 3.0 2016 Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Hur kan ekologisk produktion och konsumtion utvecklas för att bättre svara mot framtidens stora globala utmaningar? Den nya skriften bygger på broschyren "Organic 3.0 for truly sustainable farming & consumption" som tagits fram av IFOAM, internationell paraplyorganisation för ekologiskt lantbruk, kompletterat med reflektioner kring vad Eko 3.0 kan innebära för svenska förhållanden.
28.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina, et al. (författare) Current status of the equine sector in the central Baltic region (Finland, Latvia and Sweden) 2013 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This report covers basic descriptions and characteristics of the equine sector, including statistics on number of horses, horse farms, employment, current structure and recent dynamics in the horse sector in Finland, Latvia and Sweden and also the mobility (e.g. trade, import, export and tourism) within the Central Baltic Region. The information was gathered through literature reviews, round table discussions and interviews with equine organisations and stakeholders, and through visits to farms with equine business activities in each of the three countries. Horses in Finland, Latvia and Sweden At the moment the horse population in Finland is growing steadily. In 2010 there were about 75 000 horses. Most of these are warm-blooded trotting horses, but riding horses are becoming increasingly popular as riding as a hobby increases in popularity. Approximately 35 000 people own at least one horse and co-ownership is becoming a common way of owning a horse with relatively small costs and responsibilities, especially among trotting sports. There are approximately 16 000 stables, of which over 3 000 are business orientated. These numbers are still only estimates, because Finland is lacking a comprehensive register of stables and stable enterprises. Although statistical data on the number of horses, breeds, herds, stables etc. are being collected and are available in Latvia, there is still a lack of statistical data that characterise the sector in relation to employment, provide an idea of the financial results, and characterise horse uses for tourism or therapy purposes. For example, there are no data on the number of people working with horses. This is perhaps related to the perception of the sector as being located within the context of horse breeding. Statistical data show that the number of horses in Latvia in general has decreased, from 15 250 in 2005 to 11 476 in 2012, and the current trends indicate that it could decrease even more. The number of livestock has decreased correspondingly, from 9814 in 2005 to 5577 in 2012. More than 84% of all farms have 1 to 5 horses, and only a few farms have more than 100 horses. The number of horses in Sweden decreased in the early 1920s from about 700 000 to about 70 000 in the 1970s. During the past 30 years the number of horses has increased tremendously, but the trend seems to be stagnated the last few years. Today there are approximately 362 700 horses and about 20% of all horses in Sweden are within business establishments. The number of horses per 1 000 habitants is 39 for the whole country and Sweden is now estimated to have the second highest density of horses per capita in Europe. There are approximately 77 800 establishments involving horses in Sweden. The equine businesses have on average 4.7 horses and provide full-time or part-time work for a total of 25 000 people. About two-thirds of those working with horses are women. Horse related legislation in Finland, Latvia and Sweden Environmental legislation is one of the broadest judicial systems in Finland. It consists of a number of different laws and regulations, relating to waste disposal, water protection, environmental protection, land use and construction. After EU membership, environmental legislation in Finland was harmonised with EC (European Community) legislation, especially in the case of environmental protection and conservation. The main environmental legislation concerning the horse sector in Finland consists of following laws, directives and regulations: 1) Environmental protection law and regulation, 2) Waste law and regulation, 3) EU waste incineration directive, 4) By-product regulation, 5) Nitrate regulation, 6) Law concerning dead animals in remote areas, 7) The law on processing household water in remote areas, 8) Health protection law and regulation, 9) Fertilizer law, 10) Conservation law, 11) Land use and construction law and 12) Law about neighbourliness. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture, the policy of the horse breeding sector in Latvia is based on: a) Horse breeding is performed according to the targets stated in the breeding programme, which are based on production of high quality animals, preservation and improvement of the genotype through purposeful use of the breeding stock and improvement of horse monitoring, b) The importance of the development of horses and equestrian sports within the framework of the common agricultural policy is emphasised in order to encourage development of the rural environment, and c) Horse breeding is compliant with welfare regulations. National and European Union aid for the development of the agricultural sector is allocated to horse breeding too. Most of it consists of aid for breeding measures in the equine sector. Currently there are no specific regulations in Latvia which define requirements for keeping horses. Horse breeding is not distinguished separately within the field of animal welfare in Latvia and therefore the main document is the Animal Protection Law. Its norms are general, while Cabinet Regulation No 959 ´Welfare Requirements for the Keeping and Training of Sport, Work and Exhibition Animals and Use Thereof in Competitions, Work or Exhibitions´ does not specify actions with horses and can easily be interpreted in different ways. There is no measurable evaluation system to assess fulfilment of the requirements in the Cabinet Regulations. The law stipulates the actions and activities which may be undertaken with an animal and those which are strictly forbidden and lists the institutions that should supervise compliance with the law and the welfare requirements. Latvia lacks the basis of normative documents that would specifically regulate personal safety in the horse breeding sector and in businesses related to horse use. Therefore the common normative basis has to be considered, the foundation of which is the ´Labour Protection Law´. The foundation of Swedish environmental legislation is the Swedish Environmental Code. The purpose of the Swedish Environmental Code is to promote sustainable development which will assure a healthy and sound environment for present and future generations. The Code is a legislative framework based on a number of fundamental principles permeating international environmental protection and resource management. These include the "precautionary" principle, the "polluter pays" principle, the "product choice" principle and principles governing resource management, natural cycles and appropriate siting of industrial (and other) operations and remedial measures. The main environmental legislation in Sweden concerning the horse sector consists of the following laws, directives, ordinances and regulations: 1) Environmental Code, 2) Ordinance concerning environmentally hazardous activities and the protection of public health, 3) Ordinance on environmental consideration in agriculture, 4) Nitrate directive, 5) Water directive, 6) Swedish guidance on storage and spreading of manure, 7) Regulation on environmental consideration in agriculture as regards plant nutrients, 8) Ordinance on inspection and enforcement according to the Environmental Code, 9) Ordinance on self-inspection by operators, 10) Ordinance on animal by-products, 11) Ordinance on fees for examination and supervision under the Environmental Code and the fees ordinance, 12) Regulations on the protection of the environment, in particular the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture, 13) Regulations on consideration for natural and cultural values in agriculture, 14) Ordinance on environmental penalty charge, 15) The Planning and Building Ordinance, 16) The Land Code. In Sweden the occupational safety and health issues in general are regulated in the Work Environmental Act (SFS 1977:1160), in the Work Environmental Ordinance (SFS 1977:1166) and in several provisions. There is no specific legislation regarding occupational health and safety in the horse sector. However, these issues are included in the provision Working with animals (SFS 2008:17). Some results of the round table discussions in Finland, Latvia and Sweden In general, the participants in round table discussions in Finland were hoping for concrete solutions and examples of low-cost and easy help for everyday businesses. Entrepreneurs with lower profitability need more support, but the challenge is to get them involved in education or advisory events. The riding sector at least is much divided, with some businesses having as many customers as they can serve, and others who are constantly on the edge of bankruptcy. To help those small and medium-sized enterprises that need help the most, the project should produce advice that can immediately be used in practice, and concrete results and solutions. The problem with small and medium-sized businesses is the lack of capital and the related impossibility of investing large amounts of money in new technologies or large-scale facilities. In this sector the profitability and competitiveness are often low, but small changes in operations could improve these. Many business owners are still lacking business skills and they may not see what they could use as a competitive advantage. The current understanding of the equine sector in Latvia has to be reconsidered or a better understanding has to be created. Therefore the policy guidelines and the aid to the sector will have to be reviewed. For example, according to the view of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Latvia, the equine sector only concerns breeding and accordingly state aid is predominantly provided for this purpose. The Latvian Horse Breeding Association also considers breeding to be its priority, but several representatives of the tourism industry expressed the opinion that horse breeding should be reconsidered, paying special attention to the Latvian horse breed, which could be interesting for foreign and local tourists as a special feature of
29.	Naznin, Most Tahera (författare) An Overview of LED Lighting and Spectral Quality on Plant Photosynthesis. 2017 Ingår i: Light Emitting Diodes for Agriculture. - 9789811058066 ; , s. 101-111 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
30.	Chodkowska-Miszczuk, Justyna, et al. (författare) Biogas enterprises : A chance or a challenge for rural development? 2018 Ingår i: Challenged Ruralities. - Copenhagen : University of Copenhagen – Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This paper addresses the question whether biogas plants (businesses based on renewable energy) often marketed as a great opportunity for rural development can at the same time pose a hidden challenge. Departing from the concept of embeddedness of enterprises in the local environment, our objective is realized with the help of two models of biogas plants. In the first model, biogas plants operate as an integral part of agricultural farms (biogas on-farm model); in the second model, they operate as independent companies established through investments by external entrepreneurs (biogas off-farm model). The two models have proven to affect the economies of particular biogas enterprises very differently. In the first model, the support of existing agricultural farms is of great importance as those usually are important for local stakeholders. In the second model, biogas plants that emerge as new external investments must build interactions with local entities from scratch. From an economic point of view, the lack of functioning mechanisms in this sense may influence further directions of development for many rural areas traditionally associated with agriculture.
31.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina (författare) Lantbrukares psykosociala arbetsvillkor, psykiska hälsa och stress i ett svenskt och internationellt perspektiv : kunskapssammanställning 2014 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Lantbrukare ställs inför många krav och stressorer i sitt dagliga arbete och dessa verkar vara gemensamma oberoende av land och kultur. Lantbrukare kan uppleva att det ställs höga krav på dem med avseende på ett fysiskt krävande arbete, bra produktionsresultat, stabil ekonomi samt ett medvetet samhälls- och miljöansvar. Dessutom är lantbruksföretag starkt beroende av många yttre förhållanden, som till exempel väder, fluktuerande marknader och regleringar från statliga myndigheter. Andra yttre faktorer som lantbruksföretag kan påverkas av kan vara sjukdomsangrepp på djur och växter, skatter och avgifter relaterat till lantbruksproduktionen och negativa samhällsattityder till lantbruket i största allmänhet. Lantbrukarna kan ha få eller inga möjligheter att påverka och kontrollera dessa yttre villkor, krav och förväntningar. Höga arbetskrav och förväntningar i kombination med låg kontrollmöjlighet och brist på socialt stöd kan leda till en dålig psykosocial arbetsmiljö, ökade stressnivåer, psykisk ohälsa, depression och, i värsta fall, självmord. Tillgången till företagshälsovård för lantbrukare med psykiska problem eller ohälsa är olika och starkt beroende av var i landet eller i världen som de bedriver sina företag. I dagsläget är det dock ofta i första hand upp till den enskilde lantbrukaren och anhöriga att hantera de psykiska påfrestningar och stress, som kan vara av kortare eller längre varaktighet. I denna sammanställning har vetenskaplig litteratur om psyko-sociala arbetsvillkor, psykisk hälsa/ohälsa, stress, depression och självmord bland lantbrukare, anställda och familjemedlemmar granskats i ett svenskt och internationellt perspektiv.
32.	Ockleford, C, et al. (författare) Scientific Opinion of the PPR Panel on the follow-up of the findings of the External Scientific Report 'Literature review of epidemiological studies linking exposure to pesticides and health effects' 2017 Ingår i: EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority. - : Wiley. - 1831-4732. ; 15:10, s. e05007- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
33.	Palsdottir, Anna Maria, et al. (författare) Hälsofrämjande utemiljöer på Bjellanstrand Gård 2017 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
34.	J.I., Nagasha, et al. (författare) Gender-based approaches for improving milk safety, value addition and marketing among smallholder livestock farmers 2024 Ingår i: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. - 2571-581X. ; 8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the context of Uganda, this study delves into gender-based strategies aimed at enhancing women's engagement in milk safety, value addition and marketing within smallholder livestock farming. The objectives were twofold: first, to document the current practices of women in milk safety, value addition, and marketing channels; second, to examine the constraints, opportunities, and strategies related to the production of safe milk and milk products, along with accessing sustainable markets. Conducted in four sub-counties of Kiruhura district, this research employed both qualitative participatory methods and structured questionnaires, including twelve focused group discussions and twenty key informant interviews with both women and men. Notably, 217 structured questionnaires were administered. The findings illuminate that women play a central role in milk processing, water provisioning, sanitation, hygiene practices and were the primary contributors to milk value addition, particularly in the production of butter and ghee. Despite their active involvement, women face challenges in accessing adequate milk quantities, employ traditional labor-intensive procedures and encounter difficulties in marketing their processed products. Men, often the household heads, held decision-making authority over milk consumption and control the selling of milk, contributing to gender disparities. Addressing these challenges necessitates comprehensive support, including training and capacity-building initiatives for both men and women in milk value addition, credit access, and market entry. The study underscores the potential for improved women's access to milk quantities, particularly for butter and ghee production, to strengthen rural livelihoods and boost dairy production in Uganda.
35.	Nyström, Lars, 1973 (författare) Scattered Land, Scattered Risks? Harvest Variations on Open Fields and Enclosed Land in Southern Sweden C. 1750–1850 2019 Ingår i: Research in Economic History. - 0363-3268. ; 35, s. 165-202 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
36.	Duveskog, Deborah (författare) The Empowerment Route to Well-being: An Analysis of Farmer Field Schools in East Africa 2012 Ingår i: World Development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 40, s. 414-427 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The study explores empowerment and well-being related outcomes of Farmer Field Schools (FFS), an extension approach that has gained popularity with agriculture development programs in many African countries. This is done by examining the empirical relationships between FFS participation and increased well-being; as well as FFS participation and empowerment; and finally between empowerment and enhanced well-being. Data analysis from the two thousand household questionnaires show a relationship between these aspects, despite contextual differences in the three countries studied. It is thereby argued that there could be scope to talk about an empowerment route to well-being. The paper further suggests that the most significant impact of FFS could be viewed in terms of building the capacity of local people to make choices and make decisions that ultimately lead to increased uptake of agricultural innovations, access to services, and market access as well as collective action. A major conclusion of the study is that agricultural development programs should focus more on processes of empowering farmers as opposed to technical solutions that characterize most programs, in order to create an appropriate mix of technological and social advancement for a development process that is sustainable in nature. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
37.	Karltun, Linley Chiwona (författare) "Our women are not like your women" – policy options for commercializing cassava in Southeastern Africa. 2012 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
38.	Njenga, Mary, et al. (författare) Keeping healthy and saving trees : cooking with a gasifier saves fuel and time, reduces smoke and produces charcoal for another cooking 2015 Ingår i: Miti. ; , s. 37-39 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
39.	Lindahl, Cecilia, et al. (författare) Human-animal interactions and safety during dairy cattle handling-Comparing moving cows to milking and hoof trimming 2016 Ingår i: Journal of Dairy Science. - : Elsevier. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 99:3, s. 2131-2141 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cattle handling is a dangerous activity on dairy farms, and cows are a major cause of injuries to livestock handlers. Even if dairy cows are generally tranquil and docile, when situations occur that they perceive or remember as aversive, they may become agitated and hazardous to handle. This study aimed to compare human-animal interactions, cow behavior, and handler safety when moving cows to daily milking and moving cows to more rarely occurring and possibly aversive hoof trimming. These processes were observed on 12 Swedish commercial dairy farms. The study included behavioral observations of handler and cows and cow heart rate recordings, as well as recording frequencies of situations and incidents related to an increased injury risk to the handler. At milking, cows were quite easily moved using few interactions. As expected, the cows showed no behavioral signs of stress, fear, or resistance and their heart rate only rose slightly from the baseline (i.e., the average heart rate during an undisturbed period before handling). Moving cows to hoof trimming involved more forceful and gentle interactions compared with moving cows to milking. Furthermore, the cows showed much higher frequencies of behaviors indicative of aversion and fear (e.g., freezing, balking, and resistance), as well as a higher increase in heart rate. The risk of injury to which handlers were exposed also increased when moving cows to hoof trimming rather than to routine milking. Some interactions (such as forceful tactile interactions with an object and pulling a neck strap or halter) appeared to be related to potentially dangerous incidents where the handler was being kicked, head-butted, or run over by a cow. In conclusion, moving cows to hoof trimming resulted in higher frequencies of behaviors indicating fear, more forceful interactions, and increased injury risks to the handler than moving cows to milking. Improving potentially stressful handling procedures (e.g., by better animal handling practices and preparation of cows to cope with such procedures) can increase handler safety, animal welfare, ease of handling, and efficiency.
40.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina, et al. (författare) Ergonomics in Modern Dairy Practice: A Review of Current Issues and Research Needs 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 18, s. 198-209 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Dairy farming is an ancient occupation. Traditionally, cows have been manually milked while tethered in stalls or stanchions. In the latter half of the 20th century as machine milking emerged, the parlor milking system has become more popular, especially among larger dairy farms. The transition from manual milking to automatic milking systems as well as the transition from stanchion to parlor milking systems involved a dramatic change in milking tasks. These transitions have resulted in changing patterns of occupational exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dairy workers. However, aspects of the milking task such as sanitization of teats, stripping milk from teats, and attachment and detachment of milking equipment have remained relatively the same. Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms have been reported in the low back, shoulders, hands/wrists, and knees. Research that has measured exposures to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dairy farm workers has been limited, especially when using ergonomic tools to directly measure exposure, such as electrogoniometry or electromyography. Self-reported exposure measures have been most commonly used. The interventions that have been tested to reduce exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders include assisted lift-hold devices, use of lighter-weight equipment, adjustable flooring, and use of rubber mats. However, research evaluating potential solutions to reduce dairy farm worker exposure to risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders is scarce. Future research efforts should further characterize hazards while simultaneously testing viable solutions that fit within the business model of the dairy farm industry.
41.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina, et al. (författare) Förebyggande av belastningsbesvär vid arbete i mjölkproduktion - råd och exempel på lösningar 2013 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Antalet mjölkproducenter fortsätter att minska och storleken på besättningar för kvarvarande mjölkproducenter blir allt större. Satsningar på storskalig produktion och nya tekniska lösningar innebär stora förändringar vad gäller djurskötarens arbetsförhållanden. Arbetstakten och arbetstiden för enskilda arbetsmoment, som t.ex. mjölkning, tenderar att öka. Denna förändringsprocess har resulterat i ett förändrat arbetsmönster och exponering för olika riskfaktorer, som det är angeläget att ha kunskap om för utveckling av effektiva, och preventiva åtgärder i djurskötarens arbetsmiljö. Det finns en rad olika åtgärder som mjölkproducenter i de olika mjölknings-systemen kan och har vidtagit för att minska arbetsbelastningen och därmed risken att utveckla belastningsbesvär. I det uppbundna systemet kan t.ex. installation av mjölkningsräls rekommenderas för transport av mjölkningsutrustning, hinkar, etc. Även en organvagn eller mjölkarbälte som fördelar tyngden över höfterna istället för på rygg axlar och armar är lämpliga transportalternativ. Automatisk avtagare på mjölkmaskinerna och användning av mjölkpall minskar belastningen på rygg och knän. Lättare och ny design av mjölkningsorgan reducerar belastningen på hand-handled. Nya dockningssystem för att minska arbetshöjden för framförallt skuldror/axlar reducerar också belastningen. Dessutom minskar lättare mjölkningsslangar belastningen på de övre extremiteterna. I lösdriftssystemet då mjölkningen sker i grop av typen fiskben/parallell eller i karusell system är ett höj- och sänkbart golv att rekommendera. Gummimattor på golvet minskar belastningen på ben och fötter. Automatisk avtagare i kombination med en avlastningsarm (supportarm) på vilket mjölkningsorganet är fastsatt minskar belastningen på hand och handled. Det finns ett behov av fortsatt utveckling av tekniska hjälpmedel som kan underlätta arbetsbelastningen vid mjölkningen. Fortsatt forskning behövs också som avser mjölkproducenters trivsel och livskvalitet, upplevd stress och fritidsaktiviteter samt hur dessa och liknande faktorer påverkar förekomsten av belastningsbesvär. Strategin för förebyggande åtgärder och intervention måste innefatta faktorer som berör den fysiska arbetsplatsen (byggnader, redskap, utrustning) såväl som individfaktorer och levnadssätt, såsom kön, ålder, längd, vikt och fritidsaktiviteter.
42.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina, et al. (författare) International Perspectives on Psychosocial Working Conditions, Mental Health, and Stress of Dairy Farm Operators 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 18, s. 244-255 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Dairy farm operatorsfarmers, workers, and family membersare faced with many demands and stressors in their daily work and these appear to be shared across countries and cultures. Dairy operators experience high psychosocial demands with respect to a hard work and production ethos, economic influences, and social and environmental responsibility. Furthermore, both traditional and industrial farms are highly dependent on external conditions, such as weather, fluctuating markets, and regulations from government authorities. Possible external stressors include disease outbreaks, taxes related to dairy production, and recent negative societal attitudes to farming in general. Dairy farm operators may have very few or no opportunities to influence and control these external conditions, demands, and expectations. High work demands and expectations coupled with low control and lack of social support can lead to a poor psychosocial work environment, with increased stress levels, ill mental health, depression, and, in the worst cases, suicide. Internationally, farmers with ill mental health have different health service options depending on their location. Regardless of location, it is initially the responsibility of the individual farmer and farm family to handle mental health and stress, which can be of short- or long-term duration. This paper reviews the literature on the topics of psychosocial working conditions, mental health, stress, depression, and suicide among dairy farm operators, farm workers, and farm family members in an international perspective.
43.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina, et al. (författare) Teknisk utrustning och automatisering : en möjlig stressfaktor i lantbruket? 2013 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur mycket lantbrukare och anställda använder avancerad teknisk utrustning och automatiserade system och hur de upplever att arbeta med det i sitt dagliga arbete. Hypotesen var att även om man har en teknisk utrustning och automatiserade system, så är det inte nödvändigtvis lika med en bra arbetsmiljö, ökad arbetseffektivitet och flexibilitet i det dagliga arbetet. Studien omfattade två företag med växtodling varav en med mycket legokörning samt två gårdar med robotmjölkning i Skåne och Kalmar län. Tio personer intervjuades på de fyra gårdarna under perioden mars 2012 till juli 2013. Generellt kretsade intervjuerna på både växtodlings- och mjölkgårdarna kring snarlika teman 1) Teknik och funktioner som användes och som ansågs vara både problematiska och utmanande 2) Svårigheter med de administrativa systemen 3) Vad göra med de stora mängder datainformation som tekniken genererar 4) Konsten och svårigheten att lära sig ny teknik 5) Tillgängligheten av utbildning och support 6) Värdet av driftssäkerhet och problematiken kring driftslarm 7) Ett arbete i förändring. Resultaten från intervjuerna visade att både växtodlings- och mjölkgårdarna hade en hög mekaniseringsgrad. Dock var inte maskiner, utrustning och administrativa system så teknisk avancerade som förväntat och deltagarna använde inte alla tillgängliga funktioner fullt ut. Dock ansåg de intervjuade att man använde de funktioner man hade störst nytta av till nära 100%. Intervjuerna visade också att avancerat teknisk utrustning och automatiserade system både uppfattas som en möjlighet och en utmaning. Tekniken ger möjlighet för mer precision och effektivisering i det dagliga arbetet, den gör arbetet mindre fysiskt belastande och den ger mer utrymme för frihet och fritid. Utmaningen består i att systemen och programmen inte är kompatibla och informationen från systemen kan vara svår att tolka. Dessutom kan tekniken vara komplicerad eller besvärlig att hantera. Tekniken kan också vara en mental påfrestning när den inte fungerar t.ex. vid ett driftsstopp. För de som arbetar med mjölkproduktion är det mest påfrestande med de nattliga larmen som ger störd nattsömn samt att arbetsdagen inte har en tydlig avgränsning. Vid arbetet med växtodling kunde ingen tydlig stressfaktor identifieras men driftstopp stör alltid verksamheten särskilt om man inte har reservdelar eller inte kan komma i kontakt med servicetekniker. Sammanfattningsvis så upplevde deltagarna i studien att teknisk avancerad utrustning och automatiserade system både hade sina positiva och negativa sidor. Deltagarna kände sig inte stressade av tekniken och ansåg den som en nödvändighet i framtiden – men den skall vara funktionell, användarvänlig och driftssäker.
44.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina (författare) The Dairy Industry: A Brief Description of Production Practices, Trends, and Farm Characteristics Around the World 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 18, s. 187-197 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The global dairy industry is composed of a multitude of countries with unique production practices and consumer markets. The global average number of cows per farm is about 1-2 cows; however, as a farm business model transitions from sustenance to market production, the average herd size, and subsequent labor force increases. Dairy production is unique as an agricultural commodity because milk is produced daily, for 365 days per year. With the introduction of new technology such as the milking parlor, the global industry trend is one of increasing farm sizes. The farm sizes are the largest in the United States; however, the European Union produces the most milk compared with other global producers. Dairy production is essential for economic development and sustainable communities in rural areas. However, the required capital investment and availability of local markets and labor are continued challenges. Due to farm expansion, international producers are faced with new challenges related to assuring food safety and a safe working environment for their workforce. These challenges exist in addition to the cultural and language barriers related to an increasing dependence on immigrant labor in many regions of the world. Continued success of the global dairy industry is vital. Therefore, research should continue to address the identification of occupational risk factors associated with injuries and illnesses, as well as develop cost-effective interventions and practices that lead to the minimization or elimination of these injuries and illnesses on a global scale, among our valuable population of dairy producers and workers.
45.	Lunner Kolstrup, Christina, et al. (författare) Work-Related Injuries and Fatalities on Dairy Farm Operations : A Global Perspective 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Agromedicine. - 1059-924X .- 1545-0813. ; 18, s. 256-264 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Agriculture is among the most hazardous sectors for workers globally, and dairy farming has been associated with a high risk of injury among workers in several countries. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on what is known about modern dairy farms and related injuries and fatalities in different regions of the world. As in other sectors of agriculture, fatalities appear to be associated with heavy equipment usage, whereas injuries occur at higher rates with animal production, specifically cattle and milk production. Dairy farming is associated with higher rates of injury as compared with other industrial sectors, but a lack of work-related injury reporting continues to be an issue in several countries. Worker fatality associated with heavy equipment use is not a new observation (e.g., tractors); however, manure-handling systems, livestock handling, and quad bike operation continue to be associated with worker injuries and fatalities on modern farms. Opportunities exist for improvement of safety-related equipment to reduce injury and fatality risk during worker interactions with large animals and farm equipment.
46.	Löfqvist, Lotta (författare) Physical workload and musculoskeletal symptoms in the human-horse work environment 2012 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Most work in horse stables is performed manually in much the same way as a century ago, with old-fashioned tools and equipment. It is one of the least mechanised sectors dealing with large animals, which often involves work in awkward postures and lifts of heavy loads. However, there is a lack of knowledge of the ergonomic risks in the human-horse work environment. This thesis seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the human-horse work environment, work tasks, workload and frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms and to identify potential risk factors for the development of musculoskeletal symptoms. Self-reporting methods (questionnaires, rating scales), observation methods (OWAS, REBA), descriptive task analysis (HTA, HA, GTS) and biomechanical analysis (JACK) were used to collect and analyse data. Riding instructors surveyed in the questionnaire study reported high levels of perceived musculoskeletal symptoms in at least one of nine anatomical areas during the past year and the past week. The most frequently reported problem areas were the shoulders, the lower back and the neck. Mucking out stables was considered to be the task involving the heaviest work. OWAS analysis showed that three work tasks contained a high proportion of unacceptably awkward work postures, namely mucking out, preparing bedding and sweeping. During mucking out and sweeping, the back was bent and twisted for most of the time. There were many high-risk operations involved in mucking out boxes and disposing of bedding material. Emptying a wheel barrow on the muck heap included high-risk operations with awkward postures such as twisted, bent back arms over shoulder level and handling high loads. The analytical methods used clearly revealed where in the work tasks the ergonomic problems occurred. In almost all operations with a high risk level, a shafted tool or wheelbarrow was used. Analysis of the shaft length of two hand-held tools used for mucking out (manure fork, shavings fork) showed that the manure fork should have a longer shaft to reduce loading on the back. The results for the shavings fork were inconclusive, but indicated the importance of changes in work technique. More in-depth knowledge of the musculoskeletal symptoms and work tasks performed in the human-horse work environment makes it easier to plan and implement measures to prevent musculoskeletal symptoms in this particular group of workers.
47.	Behrens, Thomas, et al. (författare) Pesticide exposure in farming and forestry and the risk of uveal melanoma 2012 Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : Springer. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 23:1, s. 141-151 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Since pesticides are disputed risk factors for uveal melanoma, we studied the association between occupational pesticide exposure and uveal melanoma risk in a case-control study from nine European countries.Incident cases of uveal melanoma and population as well as hospital controls were included and frequency-matched by country, 5-year age groups and sex. Self-reported exposure was quantified with respect to duration of exposure and pesticide application method. We calculated the exposure intensity level based on application method and use of personal protective equipment. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression analyses and adjusted for several potential confounders.293 case and 3,198 control subjects were interviewed. We did not identify positive associations with activities in farming or forestry, pesticide application or pesticide mixing. No consistent positive associations were seen with exposure intensity level scores either. The only statistically significantly raised association in this study was for exposure to chemical fertilizers in forestry (OR = 8.93; 95% CI 1.73-42.13), but this observation was based on only six exposed subjects. Results did not change when we restricted analyses to morphologically verified cases and excluded proxy interviews as well as cancer controls. We did not observe effect modification by sex or eye color.Risk estimates for pesticide exposures and occupational activities in agriculture and forestry were not increased and did not indicate a hormonal mechanism due to these exposures.
48.	Nur, Ahmed (författare) Pesticide use in periurban areas : farmers’ and neighbours’ perceptions and attitudes, and agricultural field influences on pests in nearby garden plants 2012 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Public concern about pesticide use is very high, although it varies with social, ethical and political factors. In periurban regions, farmers live close to people with other occupations. Thus farming activities such as pesticide spraying may cause tensions. Pesticide use may also cause changes in pest abundances outside the treated field, on plants in neighbouring gardens. The first part of this thesis compared perceptions of pesticide use by farmers and their neighbours in two periurban regions in Sweden. Neighbours reported using pesticides, but perceived pesticide use to be more negative than farmers did. Neighbours also perceived themselves as pesticide non-users to a higher extent than farmers, although both categories used pesticides in their home setting to a similar extent. Perceptions of pesticide use differed between farmers and neighbours but also between groups of farmers, depending on farm size, whether pesticides were used or not, number of crops grown and pesticide safety knowledge. In two field studies, abundances of pests were compared in garden crops adjacent to insecticide-treated and untreated agricultural fields. The garden crops were not subjected to wind drift during insecticide spraying. Despite this, pest abundance and their damage on vegetables and ornamental flowers in nearby gardens decreased with insecticide use in the agricultural fields. The magnitude of this decrease depended on type of insect pests targeted, garden plants tested and timing of pesticide applications. In general, perceptions and attitudes concerning pesticide use differed between groups of people in the periurban society studied, e.g. with social factors such as gender, age and education. The fact that pesticide use in agricultural fields may actually benefit neighbouring garden crops is a novel finding. The findings presented here can be of use for policy makers to avoid conflicts regarding pesticide use in periurban environments, since it is important to address variations in the views of different groups of people in society and to communicate both the negative and positive effects of pesticide use.
49.	Wivstad, Maria (författare) Organic Agriculture 3.0 is innovation with research 2017 Ingår i: Organic Agriculture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1879-4238 .- 1879-4246. ; 7, s. 169-197 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
50.	Lindahl, Cecilia, et al. (författare) The effect of stress, attitudes and behavior on safety during animal handling in Swedish dairy farming 2015 Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health. - : American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE). - 1074-7583 .- 1943-7846. ; 21:1, s. 13-34 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Working with livestock is a hazardous activity, and animals have been found to be the most frequent injury source on dairy farms. Understanding the risk factors for injury and the causal relationships related to injuries and animal handling is important for developing prevention strategies and effective safety interventions. This study examined stress and handler attitude as possible risk factors for animal handling injuries in dairy farming, in particular when moving cows. Twelve dairy farms were visited on two occasions representing different stress levels: when cows were being moved to milking (low stress) and to hoof trimming (high stress). Behavioral observations of handlers and cows were performed, and questionnaires were completed on attitudes (risk acceptance, safety locus of control, and attitudes toward cows) and stress (perceived stress/energy level and job strain). The injury risks were found to be higher when moving cows to hoof trimming compared with moving cows to milking and gentle, moderately forceful, and forceful interactions were more frequently used. When moving cows to milking, observed risk situations were related only to the perceived energy level of the handler. When moving cows to hoof trimming, injury risks were correlated to job strain and time spent in the risk zone (defined as the area where the handler could be hit by the cow's head or hind legs). The time spent in the risk zone was positively correlated with job strain, age, and experience. Attitudes were not found to have significant impact on safety but were to some extent indirectly involved. These results suggest that the main focus in injury reduction work should be on reducing the time the handler spends in close proximity to animals during aversive procedures and on minimizing cow fear and stress by proper handling techniques and appropriate design of handling facilities.

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