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1.	Sundell, Jonas, 1984, et al. (author) Economic valuation of hydrogeological information when managing groundwater drawdown 2019 In: Hydrogeology Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1431-2174 .- 1435-0157. ; 27:4, s. 1111-1130 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract © 2019, The Author(s). A procedure is presented for valuation of information analysis (VOIA) to determine the need for additional information when assessing the effect of several design alternatives to manage future disturbances in hydrogeological systems. When planning for groundwater extraction and drawdown in areas where risks—such as land subsidence, wells running dry and drainage of streams and wetlands—are present, the need for risk-reducing safety measures must be carefully evaluated and managed. The heterogeneity of the subsurface calls for an assessment of trade-offs between the benefits of additional information to reduce the risk of erroneous decisions and the cost of collecting this information. A method is suggested that combines existing procedures for inverse probabilistic groundwater modelling with a novel method for VOIA. The method results in (1) a prior analysis where uncertainties regarding the efficiency of safety measures are estimated, and (2) a pre-posterior analysis, where the benefits of expected uncertainty reduction deriving from additional information are compared with the costs for obtaining this information. In comparison with existing approaches for VOIA, the method can assess multiple design alternatives, use hydrogeological parameters as proxies for failure, and produce spatially distributed VOIA maps. The method is demonstrated for a case study of a planned tunnel in Stockholm, Sweden, where additional investigations produce a low number of benefits as a result of low failure rates for the studied alternatives and a cause-effect chain where the resulting failure probability is more dependent on interactions within the whole system rather than on specific features.
2.	Sundell, Jonas, 1984, et al. (author) Comprehensive risk assessment of groundwater drawdown induced subsidence 2019 In: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-3240 .- 1436-3259. ; 33:2, s. 427-449 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract © 2019, The Author(s). We present a method for risk assessment of groundwater drawdown induced land subsidence when planning for sub-surface infrastructure. Since groundwater drawdown and related subsidence can occur at large distances from the points of inflow, the large spatial extent often implies heterogeneous geological conditions that cannot be described in complete detail. This calls for estimation of uncertainties in all components of the cause-effect chain with probabilistic methods. In this study, we couple four probabilistic methods into a comprehensive model for economic risk quantification: a geostatistical soil-stratification model, an inverse calibrated groundwater model, an elasto-plastic subsidence model, and a model describing the resulting damages and costs on individual buildings and constructions. Groundwater head measurements, hydraulic tests, statistical analyses of stratification and soil properties and an inventory of buildings are inputs to the models. In the coupled method, different design alternatives for risk reduction measures are evaluated. Integration of probabilities and damage costs result in an economic risk estimate for each alternative. Compared with the risk for a reference alternative, the best prior alternative is identified as the alternative with the highest expected net benefit. The results include spatial probabilistic risk estimates for each alternative where areas with significant risk are distinguished from low-risk areas. The efficiency and usefulness of this modelling approach as a tool for communication to stakeholders, decision support for prioritization of risk reducing measures, and identification of the need for further investigations and monitoring are demonstrated with a case study of a planned railway tunnel in Varberg, Sweden.
3.	Ribeiro, Luis, et al. (author) Industrial Agents for the Fast Deployment of Evolvable Assembly Systems 2015. - 1st ed. In: Industrial Agents. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 9780128003411 ; , s. 301-321, s. 301-322 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract The current manufacturing scenario is characterized by high market unpredictability. Agility is therefore a central challenge for modern companies that need to understand and be proactive towards their product offer in respect to “what is offered, when it is offered, where, how and by whom” (Brown & Bessant 2003).The “what” and the “when” are particularly relevant to the research in emerging paradigms as they account for variety, customization and volume; and timing, speed and seasonality (Brown & Bessant 2003).In this scenario, several design approaches and models have been proposed in the last decade to enable re-configurability and subsequently enhance the companies’ ability to adjust their offer in nature and time.From a paradigmatic point of view research has concentrated on the organizational structure of the shop-floor and the associated controls aspects. Concepts like Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMS) (Koren & Shpitalni 2010) and Fractal Factories (FF) (Montreuil 1999) support the physical construction of production systems by regulating their layout and making a few assumptions on their logical organization. On the other hand, concepts like Bionic Manufacturing Systems (BMS)(Ueda 1992), Holonic Manufacturing Systems (HMS)(Van Brussel et al. 1998), Evolvable Assembly Systems (Ribeiro et al. 2010) essentially provide the theoretical guidelines for the logical/computational organization of the system (see (Tharumarajah 1996) for a comparison between BMS, HMS and FF and (Setchi & Lagos 2004) for the rationale supporting the shift from Dedicated Lines to Flexible Manufacturing System and finally RMS).While these paradigms provide the conceptual framework and the main design guidelines their actual interpretation and implementation has led to a wider set of architectures (Monostori, Váncza & Kumara 2006; Leitão 2009; Parunak 2000; Pěchouček & Mařík 2008).These architectures align the high-level principles with the technological offer and limitations while seeking to address the re-configurability requirements of (Mehrabi, Ulsoy & Koren 2000; Rösiö & Säfsten 2013):module mobility – modules are easy and quick to move and install;“diagnosability” – it is quick to identify the sources of quality and reliability problems;“integrability” – modules are easy to integrate into the rest of the system.“convertibility” – it is easy and quick to switch between existing products and it is easy to adapt the system to future products;scalability – it is easy to enlarge and downsize the production system;“automatibility” – a dynamic level of automation is enabled;modularity – all system elements are designed to be modular;customization – the capability and flexibility of the production system is designed according to the products to be produced in the system.Instant deployment, as addressed in the present chapter directly addresses mobility, “integrability”, “convertibility”, scalability and customization. Mechatronic modularity is a prerequisite and is enforced by the proposed architecture and the considered modular design. “Diagnosability” was not specifically tackled.In this context, the chapter analyses the agent-based architecture related with the Instantly Deployable Evolvable Assembly System (IDEAS) project that is inspired by the Evolvable Assembly System (EAS) paradigm (Ribeiro et al. 2010) as a mechanism to enable fast deployment of mechatronic modules. EAS advocates the use of process-oriented modules and envisions the production system as a collection of processes and the associated interacting agents.The architecture and the related test cases are used to draw the main lessons learned in respect to technological and conceptual implications.In this context, the remainder of this text is organized as follows: section 1.1 discusses the main deployment challenges, section 1.2 details the reference architecture and associated concepts, section 1.3 presents the principal implementation decisions, section 1.4 features the main lessons learned, sections 1.5 discusses the benefits of the proposed approach and finally section 1.6 reflects on the main conclusions.
4.	VTI:s och TFB:s forskardagar : del 2 1993 Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna 1993-01-11--12 beträffande:geoteknik inom transportsektorntransporterna i ett framtida EGden internationella och svenska flygmarknaden inför framtidenkan sjöfarten stärka sin ställning som ett transport- och miljövänligt alternativ till andra transportslag?förbättrad säkerhet med hjälp av informationsteknologi (RTI) och annan modern teknikRTI på svenska vägarutveckling av kostnadseffektiva material/transportflödennationella trafikprognoserforskningsinformation i förändringinfrastrukturen och dess betydelse för samhället
5.	Cano-Viktorsson, Carlos, 1977- (author) From Maps to Apps : Tracing the Organizational Responsiveness of an Early Multi-Modal Travel Planning Service 2015 In: The Journal of urban technology. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1063-0732 .- 1466-1853. ; 22:4, s. 87-101 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract An Internet-based system for informing on multimodal travel planning (several modes of transportation) was introduced in Stockholm, Sweden in October 2000 in the form of a web page called trafiken.nu. The web page has a historical value of being one of the first attempts in Europe, and possibly the world, at providing an ICT-based travel planning service geared towards facilitating sustainable travel to the general public. The aim of this article is to investigate the historical development of trafiken.nu in order to draw lessons on how to better provide for a public information service with a potential for facilitating sustainable travel planning. Findings from the study of trafiken.nu suggest that the organizations behind the service have been slow in adapting to shifting media technology practices on how to provide for information which has affected the uptake of the service. Lessons from the case study provide a basis for arguing that organizations attempting to implement public information services would benefit from finding a means of harnessing collective intelligence in order to provide for a more customizable and responsive service to the general public.
6.	Andersson, Jonas, et al. (author) The Human-Tech Matrix : A Socio-Technical Approach to Evaluation of Automated Transport Systems 2019 In: Adv. Intell. Sys. Comput.. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030020521 ; , s. 375-380 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract An automated transport system has the potential to improve traffic safety and flow, but also to the accessibility and comfort for users of the transport system. Realizing the positive effects with automated transport is about shaping regulatory, organizational and technical systems. Here, appropriate evaluation enables steering efforts in the desired direction. The overall aim of this study was to develop a methodological framework that could identify effects of an automated transport system, and outline methods and metrics for evaluation of these effects. We propose a tentative case-based methodology to define measures of the effects of an automated transport system that will give key stakeholders new possibilities to evaluate research and development projects and efforts connected to automation of the transport system, and thereby manage these in a human-centered direction. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
7.	VTIs och TFBs forskardagar del 2 : Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna i Linköping 1990-01-10--11 beträffande: Trafikplanering/prognoser/metoder - framtida godstransportsystem - regional tågtrafik - trafiksäkerhet - minsalt - dubbdäckens för- och nackdelar-workshop - transportsystemets miljöanpassning 1990 Reports (other academic/artistic)
8.	Steinmetz, Erik, et al. (author) Theoretical Limits on Cooperative Positioning in Mixed Traffic 2019 In: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 49712-49725 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A promising solution to meet the demands on accurate positioning and real-time situational awareness in future intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) is cooperative positioning, where vehicles share sensor information over the wireless channel. However, the sensing and communication technologies required for this will be gradually introduced into the market, and it is, therefore, important to understand what performance we can expect from cooperative positioning systems as we transition to a more modern vehicle fleet. In this paper, we study what effects a gradual market penetration has on cooperative positioning applications, through a Fisher information analysis. The simulation results indicate that solely introducing a small fraction of automated vehicles with high-end sensors significantly improves the positioning quality but is not enough to meet the stringent demands posed by safety critical ITS applications. Furthermore, we find that retrofitting vehicles with low-cost satellite navigation receivers and communication have marginal impact when the positioning requirements are stringent and that the longitudinal road position can be estimated more accurately than lateral. © 2013 IEEE.
9.	Awais, Fawad, et al. (author) Logistic characteristics and requirements of Swedish wood biofuel heating plants 2021 In: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 138 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The demand for wood biofuel for district heating plants and combined heat and power plants (CHPs) has increased, caused by an increase in both the number and size of CHPs. This places large demands on the logistics system supplying these plants with fuel, with a particular interest in the use of alternative modes of transport such as rail and sea. The aim of this paper is to identify the industry actors’ requirements, constraints, and preferences regarding the wood-biofuel supply chain and to identify the logistical challenges this entails, as well as how this impacts the opportunity for an increased use of alternative transport solutions. A survey was sent to all Swedish CHPs, combined with six interviews with transport companies, terminal operators, and forest companies. The study shows that the industry has a local focus that limits potential logistics and sourcing solutions. It is also challenged by urban sprawl, with expanding residential areas close to the CHPs putting further constraints on the operations. Significant variations in fuel demand, depending on unpredictable outside temperature and seasonal variation, is a further challenge. The low density of the fuel has a negative impact on transport costs and introduces a trade-off between chipping close to the forest to increase density versus more efficient chipping at the CHP. Intermodal transport only used by large plants, driven by a shortage of local fuel. © 2020 The Authors
10.	VTI:s och TFB:s forskardagar, 1991 : del 2 1991 Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna i Linköping 1991-01-08--09 beträffande:KollektivtrafikJärnvägsforskningJärnvägsinfrastruktur i SverigeTrafikstrukturen i stadskärnanÄldre och handikappade i trafikenNya TRÅD-90Trafiksäkerhet
11.	Chen, Dongliang, et al. (author) The Scanner of Heterogeneous Traffic Flow in Smart Cities by an Updating Model of Connected and Automated Vehicles 2022 In: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - : IEEE. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 23:12, s. 25361-25370 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The problems of traditional traffic flow detection and calculation methods include limited traffic scenes, high system costs, and lower efficiency over detecting and calculating. Therefore, in this paper, we presented the updating Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) model as the scanner of heterogeneous traffic flow, which uses various sensors to detect the characteristics of traffic flow in several traffic scenes on the roads. The model contains the hardware platform, software algorithm of CAV, and the analysis of traffic flow detection and simulation by Flow Project, where the driving of vehicles is mainly controlled by Reinforcement Learning (RL). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and the corresponding swarm intelligence strategy is evaluated through simulation experiments. The results showed that the traffic flow scanning, tracking, and data recording performed continuously by CAVs are effective. The increase in the penetration rate of CAVs in the overall traffic flow has a significant effect on vehicle detection and identification. In addition, the vehicle occlusion rate is independent of the CAV lane position in all cases. The complete street scanner is a new technology that realizes the perception of the human settlement environment with the help of the Internet of Vehicles based on 5G communications and sensors. Although there are some shortcomings in the experiment, it still provides an experimental reference for the development of smart vehicles.
12.	Dymitrow, Mirek, et al. (author) Crossing dichotomies and breaking mental patterns: Green business development when all else fails? 2017 In: 8th International Scientific Conference “Rural Development 2017: Bioeconomy Challenges”, 23–24 November, 2017 Kaunas, Lithuania. Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract Obtaining sustainable and inclusive societal organization is not merely a simple matter of ‘doing it’ by subscribing to some winning formula. Given that conceptual frameworks always guide our thoughts, judgments and actions (Latour, 2013; Harvey, 1996; Dennett, 1993), the ways in which we relate to concepts chosen to serve as guiding forces for future development will eventually determine its outcome. As scholarly evidence continuously suggests the concepts ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ are increasingly recognized as artificial barriers for conducting sound and integrated development endeavors in a globalized reality of interconnectedness. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, which aim to eradicate poverty, shield the planet and safeguard prosperity for all, commitment to universal access to healthy food year round has become an important agenda point. This, however, has been exacerbated by binary thinking and separate ways of doing policy. This paper aims to share experiences from a unique project launched in the northern parts of Gothenburg, Sweden’s second largest city. While the area offers ample resources and immense opportunities for areal economies, it at the same time remains one of Gothenburg’s most segregated, with high levels of unemployment, ill health and crime. The uniqueness of the project lies not only in its way of abridging the rural-urban divide, but also by consciously deferring from the debilitating rhetoric of previous ‘immigrant policies’, and instead focusing on agricultural productivity, small-scale food producers and sustainable food strategies. Such exhortations to bridge between philosophical and material polarities, however, have not come without conceptual and practical challenges, something this paper aims to subsume and open up to debate.
13.	VTI:s och KFB:s forskardagar. Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna 1997-01-08--09 : del 6 1997 Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna 1997-01-08--09 beträffande:logistik utifrån ett flödeskonceptväginformatikden trafikpolitiska beslutsprocessenmakt, moral och beslutsfattanden
14.	Vierth, Inge, et al. (author) Svensk godsstudie baserad på nationell och internationell litteratur : internationell expose - persontransporter: inom uppdraget att kartlägga potentialen för överflyttning av transporter mellan trafikslag 2008 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract VTI has been commissioned by SIKA to carry out a goods study as well as an international survey of transfers of passenger transport with the aim of reducing the climate impact. The goods study is based on national and international literature, complemented by a discussion meeting with representatives of the business sector, research sector and public authorities. The international survey is based on literature. Economic instruments, correctly designed, are cost-effective in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Railway investments are not a climate measure but should be carried out if they are socially efficient. There is a great potential for reducing emissions within the respective mode of transport. The largest transfer potential for goods transport is within long-distance lorry transport to combined rail-road transport. Several impediments such as inefficient use of the railway infrastructure and unclear responsibility for combi terminals can limit the measures. Insufficient flexibility and co-operation among transport purchasers and companies can have similar effects. Several measures are often combined for passenger transport to reduce car use and provide incentives to use public transport, cycle or walk. Reductions in travelling time are mainly discussed in the case of high-speed trains. Impediments for the introduction of instruments include political resistance as well as the difficulty of changing travel habits. Measures such as improved accessibility and more efficient cars may also counteract transfer to more climate-friendly modes of transport. The climate policy goal is not transfer but the reduction of the climate impact.
15.	Hilmola, Olli-Pekka, et al. (author) From Northern Europe to Russia and Asia, and vice versa : traffic flow analysis – current situation and development trends 2010 In: International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-7967 .- 1742-7975. ; 6:2, s. 205-217 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract European manufacturers have enlarged their manufacturing networks to Asia. Also, the growing demand in Asia as well as in Russia creates challenge for supply chain solutions. This research presents survey research results, targeted on the largest manufacturers and retailers in Finland and Sweden. We estimate how transportation modal split (road, sea, railway and air) will evolve in the future, and how traffic flows will develop between Europe, Russia, and Asian countries. We also present an estimation of the future transportation costs development. In the analysis phase, it is also considered how large volumes could be shifted to favour railway connection.
16.	Ploeg, Jeroen, et al. (author) Guest Editorial Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2016 Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge 2018 In: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 19:4, s. 1208-1212 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Cooperative driving is based on wireless communications between vehicles and between vehicles and roadside infrastructure, aiming for increased traffic flow and traffic safety, while decreasing fuel consumption and emissions. To support and accelerate the introduction of cooperative vehicles in everyday traffic, in 2011, nine international teams joined the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge (GCDC). The challenge was to perform platooning, in which vehicles drive in road trains with short intervehicle distances. The results were reported in a Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, published in September 2012 [item 1 in the Appendix].
17.	Blomé, Mikael, et al. (author) Course Supervision Challenges in PhD Education 2012 In: 7:e Pedagogiska Inspirationskonferensen 2012. - 2003-3761 .- 2003-377X. ; 7 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract A large portion of the PhD education in Sweden is dedicated to courses. This made it interesting to explore potential course supervision challenges in the PhD programme. A multiple-case study was conducted to identify such challenges and explore how these are perceived by students and supervisors at the Faculty of Engineering of Lund University. By interviewing students and supervisors in five different research groups, insights were gained into how the main stakeholders reason about courses. The findings indicate that courses that are to be included in the education are characterized by a large degree of freedom tailored to individual student needs and preferences. However, the type, timing, availability, value, and convalidation of courses are challenges that limit this freedom.
18.	VTI:s och KFB:s forskardagar : del 5 2000 Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna i Linköping 2000:nya godstransporter i samverkan mellan transportslaggodstransporterETV- verksamhet i förändring?vägtrafikbeskattningenfordonsteknik i samverkan med SVEA (Swedish Vehicle Engineers Association)fordonsteknik- miljö och ekonomifordonsteknik inför framtideninformation och utbildning
19.	VTI:s och KFB:s forskardagar : del 8 1999 Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna i Linköping 1999-01-13--14 beträffande:kvinnor och trafikdrift och underhåll av trafikens infrastrukturdataförsörjning idag och i framtiden nytt nationellt prognossystem för persontrafik, SAMPERScykeltrafikintermodala godstransporter
20.	Stojanovski, Todor, 1976- (author) The Morphological Effect of Public Transportation Systems on Cities : Urban Analysis of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in Swedish Cities 2015 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
21.	Bieser, Jan C. T., et al. (author) The digitalization of passenger transport : Technologies, applications and potential implications for greenhouse gas emissions 2021 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract To meet internationally agreed climate protection targets, a drastic reduction of passenger transport greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is required. The “Avoid-Shift-Improve”-Approach suggests to meet future transport demand by avoiding unnecessary travel, shifting travel to more environmentally-friendly transport modes and improving the environmental performance of transport modes. Digital applications can contribute to both an increase or a decrease of passenger transport GHG emissions, e.g. by avoiding travel, increasing travel or shifting travel to more GHG-intensive or GHG-efficient transport modes. In view of the large number of digital applications in passenger transport and their uncertain impacts on GHG emissions, the aim of this report is to present a review of (1) digital technologies that are used in passenger transport, (2) applications that are supported by digital technologies and (3) their potential impacts on GHG emissions.We identified nine central categories of digital technologies that shape passenger transport, namely (mobile) end user devices and apps, telecommunication networks, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and big data, geospatial technologies, digital sensors, computer graphics, automation and robotics and blockchain. These technologies support various applications in passenger transport which can be categorized into digital traveler information systems (e.g. trip planning and booking apps), digital shared mobility services (e.g. car or ride sharing), digitally-enabled transport modes that would not exist without digital technologies (e.g. virtual mobility, taxi drones), digital in-vehicle applications (e.g. automated driving), and digital applications for traffic and infrastructure management (e.g. traffic simulations and mobility pricing).All described applications can have reducing and increasing effects on GHG emissions. Main levers to reduce GHG emissions are (1) a reduction of number of vehicles produced (e.g. through vehicle sharing), (2) a reduction of total travel distances (e.g. through virtual mobility), (3) an increase in the attractiveness of and shift to more GHG-efficient transport modes (e.g. through multimodal mobility platforms), (4) an increase in the utilization of transport modes and a reduction of vehicle kilometers traveled (e.g. through ride sharing), and (5) an increase in the fuel efficiency of vehicles (e.g. through automated driving systems).In a real-life setting, the impacts of digital applications depend on the interplay between the applications and their design, existing travel patterns and the policy framework in place. In order put digital applications in passenger transport at the service of climate protection, applications and policies have to be aligned in a way that they promote GHG reducing levers. Otherwise, there is a risk that these applications lead to an increase in GHG emissions, e.g. by inducing additional travel or promoting more GHG-intensive transport modes.Future research should empirically assess the impacts of digital applications on passenger transport and identify the conditions under which decarbonization potentials will materialize. This will support policy makers and market actors to jointly create conditions under which offering digital applications in passenger transport contributes to a net GHG emission reduction and is economically-feasible.
22.	Ståhle, Alexander, et al. (author) Designguide för Smarta gator 2022 Book (other academic/artistic)abstract Designguiden för smarta gator konkretiserar hur de fyra megatrenderna urbanisering, digitalisering, samhällsförändringar och miljöförändringar leder till nya krav och utformningsprinciper för framtidens gator. Guiden är tänkt att fungera som en inspiration och ett underlag för att förnya svensk gatupolicy på nationell, regional och kommunal nivå.Guiden innehåller utöver en inledning följande kapitel: en historisk tillbakablick (gatans utveckling), gatans användning, gatans delar, gatans design, designprocessen, guidens genomförande.
23.	Finnsgård, Christian, 1974, et al. (author) Swedish shippers’ strategies for coping with slow-steaming in deep sea container shipping 2018 In: Journal of Shipping and Trade. - : Springer. - 2364-4575. ; 3:8 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract When container shipping lines experience over-capacity and high fuel costs, they typically respond by decreasing sailing speeds and, consequently, increasing transport time. Most of the literature on this phenomenon, often referred to as slow-steaming, takes the perspective of the shipping lines addressing technical, operational and financial effects, or a society perspective focusing on lower emissions and energy use. Few studies investigate the effects on the demand side of the market for container liner shipping. Hence, the aim of this study is to elaborate on the logistics consequences of slow-steaming, particularly the strategies that Swedish shippers purchasing deep sea container transport services employ to mitigate the effects of slow-steaming. Workshops and semi-structured interviews revealed that shippers felt they had little or no impact on sailing schedules and were more or less subject to container shipping lines’ decisions. The effects of slow-steaming were obviously most severe for firms with complex supply chains, where intermediate products are sent back and forth between production stages on different continents. The shippers developed a set of strategies to cope with the low punctuality of containerised shipping, and these were categorised in the domains of transfer-the-problem, transport, sourcing and distribution, logistics and manufacturing, and product design. All firms applied changes in the transport domain, although the lack of service segmentation limited the effects of the strategy. Most measures were applied by two firms, whereas only one firm changed the product design.
24.	Cullinane, Kevin (author) Targeting the Environmental Sustainability of European Shipping: The Need for Innovation in Policy and Technology 2014 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract At their Summit meeting in Gothenburg in June 2001, Europe’s heads of state and government reached agreement on a European strategy for sustainable development. The social and economic dimensions of the Lisbon strategy were complemented by an environmental dimension. Thus, the Gothenburg Summit represents a breakthrough for sustainable development in the European Union (EU). The University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology made a commitment to serve, through the joint Centre for Environment and Sustainability (GMV), as a hub for research and scientific follow up of the EU sustainable development strategy. In order to fulfill this commitment, the two universities have established a European Panel for Sustainable Development (EPSD), together with Lund University. In addition, individual members from other universities and research institutes contribute to the work of the Panel. The Centre for Environment and Sustainability (GMV) in Gothenburg is the lead organization in the EPSD. The first report produced by the Panel in 2004 was “From Here to Sustainability – Is the Lisbon/Gothenburg Agenda Delivering?” This was put forward as an independent contribution from academics to the mid-term review of the Lisbon strategy for growth, competitiveness and jobs. The second report “Make the Kok-report sustainable” was produced by the EPSD as a reflection on, and a response to, the mid-term review on the Lisbon strategy chaired by the former Prime Minister of the Netherlands, Wim Kok. The third report “Towards a Smart Growth Strategy for Sustainable Development” aimed to contribute to the re-launch of the EU sustainable development strategy. It contained a critical assessment of “A Platform for Action”, the proposal for an updated strategy put forward by the European Commission. The fourth report “TAKING CHILDREN SERIOUSLY – How the EU can Invest in Early Childhood Education for a Sustainable Future” presented research on children’s interest and ability to understand questions on the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. The present report “Targeting the Environmental Sustainability of European Shipping: The Need for Innovation in Policy and Technology” has emerged from a background survey with the aim of mapping what is being done on sustainable shipping within the European Union. A wide scope of strategic EU policy sectors and documents, including existing directives, legislation and regulations on shipping were scrutinized to describe the actual knowledge framework. The background study defines areas where new research could contribute in closing knowledge gaps, and gives a compilation of directives and policy documents concerning sustainable shipping in a European perspective. Based on a definition of sustainable shipping that include all three pillars of sustainable development, the present report presents a holistic view and strategies for achieving a sustainable shipping industry. The report provides scientifically based knowledge of various aspects that affect sustainability at sea, such as particles, greenhouse gases, ship wrecks, ship recycling, and intermodality, as well as a comprehensive overview and updates on regulations. These various areas are presented as separate chapters and solid recommendations are presented on future actions (on EU and international level) to make the shipping industry in Europe a sustainable business. The main author of the report was Prof. Kevin Cullinane, Edinburgh Napier University, UK. The separate chapters in the report were written by Lars Barregård, University of Gothenburg, Erik Fridell, Hulda Winnes, IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute (Particle emission from ships); Hannes Johnson 1 , Chalmers University of Technology (GHG Emissions and the Energy Efficiency Gap in Shipping); Peter Domini, Stena Metall (Ship Recycling: A Global Issue); Lars Barregård, University of Gothenburg (The Health Risks Associated with the Ship Breaking Industry); Ida-Maja Hassellöv, Chalmers University of Technology (Potentially Polluting Shipwrecks); Abhinayan Basu Bal, University of Gothenburg (Sustainable Intermodal Transport with Short Sea Shipping in the EU); A number of researchers and knowledgeable persons have constituted a reference group and further contributed to the report: Katarina Gårdfeldt, Maria Svane, Dan Strömberg, and Jonas Norrman, GMV, Gothenburg; Karin Andersson, Björn Södahl, Josefin Borg, and Oliver Lindqvist, Chalmers University of Technology; Lars Göran Malmberg, Johan Boman, Johan Woxenius, and Mattias Hallquist, University of Gothenburg, Christer Forsgren, Stena Metall; Anders Carlberg, Vgregion; Carl Carlsson, Swedish Shipowners Association, and Axel Wenblad, Former GD National Board of Fisheries. Dan Strömberg, and Maria Svane, University of Gothenburg, have been invaluable during the course of the project and as editors of the publication. The report has been endorsed by the EPSD. Bo Samuelsson Chairman of EPSD
25.	Englund, Cristofer, 1977- (author) Aware and intelligent infrastructure for action intention recognition of cars and bicycles 2020 In: VEHITS 2020 - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. - : SciTePress. - 9789897584190 ; , s. 281-288 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Action intention recognition is becoming increasingly important in the road vehicle automation domain. Autonomous vehicles must be aware of their surroundings if we are to build safe and efficient transport systems. This paper explores methods for predicting the action intentions of road users based on an aware and intelligent 3D camera-based sensor system. The collected data contains trajectories of two different scenarios. The first one includes bicyclists and the second cars that are driving in a road approaching an intersection where they are either turning or continuing straight. The data acquisition system is used to collect trajectories of the road users that are used as input for models trained to predict the action intention of the road users.
26.	Transportforum 2003 : rapportsammanställning av föredrag i Linköping 8-9 januari 2003 2003 Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract Från nedanstående sessioner finns redovisning i konferensrapporten: 3 Godstransporter och samhälle4 Sjöfart. Fartyg 5 Planering för hög produktivitet 6 En flygmarknad i förändring 8 Behovsdriven FoU - grunden för svensk bilindustris världsledande ställning på säkerhetsområdet 9 Samhällsplanera - med fokus på kollektivtrafiken 10 Marginalkostnadsprissättning. Långsiktig planering 11 Metoder och modeller i transportanalys 12 Jämställt transportsystem 13 Kunders värderingar. Transportlösningar 14 På väg mot bättre vägar och gator? Vinterväghållning 15 Återvinning eller deponering av tjärhaltiga beläggningsmaterial? 16 Hot, visioner och styrmedel. Tyst och vackert 17 Utvärdering av ITS 18 STRADA - Nationellt informationssystem om olyckor och skadade inom vägtransportsystemet 19 Förarutbildning Del 1: Den grundläggande förarutbildningen och trafiksäkerhetsmålen Del 2: Pedagogiska strategier och metoder i förarutbildningen20 Personlig integritet i trafiken 21 Förorenad mark i infrastrukturen - risker, problem och lösningar 22 Mobility Management 23 Trafikverken i förändring 24 Transportpolitik. Regionförstoring 25 Järnväg. I avregleringens spår 26 Logistiksystem Den kundorienterade järnvägen Intermodalitet 27 Sjöfarten och den mänskliga faktorn Miljö och säkerhet inom sjöfarten 28 Trafik för en attraktiv stad - TRAST 29 Teknik och miljö Flyget och miljön 30 Parkering, mobilitet, ekonomi och miljö - ett område i behov av samordnad kunskapsgenerering 31 Försök med automatisk hastighetsövervakning (AH) 32 Kostnadseffektiva åtgärdskombinationer och åtgärdssekvenser 33 Metoder och modeller i transportanalys 34 Trafiksimulering 35 Snålare motorer och fordon 36 Planering Kollektivtrafik 37 Banunderhåll och grusväghållning Komfort, sårbarhet och upphandling Underhållets inverkan på trafik och trafikanter 38 Vägteknik 39 Erfarenheter från region-MaTs (Miljöanpassat transportsystem) Emissionsdata & Modeller Utan egen bil? 40 Möjligheter med väginformatik Dynamiska trafikmodeller för trafikledning - Nu färdiga för implementering i verksamheten 41 Ledarskap för överlevnad! 42 Trafiksäkerhetsåtgärder i tätort 43 Den moderna spårvägens egenskaper och potential 45 På jakt efter den tid som kommer - utmaningar för vägtransportsystemet år 2025 46 Fotgängaren - bortglömd som trafikant och social aktör?
27.	Vierth, Inge, et al. (author) Kartläggning av godstransporterna i Sverige 2012 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Den här rapporten sammanfattar sex delprojekt som ingår som underlag till Trafikanalys uppdrag från regeringen att redovisa ett kunskapsunderlag och nulägesanalys av gods-transporter i Sverige. Regeringsuppdraget innefattar också hur statistiken och kunskapsuppbyggnaden på området kan utvecklas.
28.	VTIs och TFBs forskardagar del 1 : Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna i Linköping 1988-01-12--13 beträffande - trafikpolitiken och trafiken - regionala tågsystem - högre hastigheter för godståg - infrastruktur - resvanor och trafikprognoser - godstransporter 1988 Reports (other academic/artistic)
29.	VTIs och TFBs forskardagar del 2 : Rapportsammanställning av föredrag vid forskardagarna i Linköping 1989-01-10--11 beträffande: Godstransporter och MA - vägunderhåll-för väghållaren eller trafikanten? - transportpolitiken och samhällsekonomin - storstadens trafikproblem-workshop - parkeringsproblemet - praktisk vägforskning i full skala - EG:s inre transportmarknad och Norden - planerings- och prognosmetoder/modeller - historiska och organisatoriska aspekter på transportsystemet 1989 Reports (other academic/artistic)
30.	Albrecht, Martin (author) System innovation dynamics around electric vehicles. The cases of Norway, Denmark and Sweden. Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract This paper focuses on the comparison of electric car innovation patterns in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Doing so, it takes a closer look at what the most essential dynamics in the systems were over time and what enabled those dynamics. The main research aim is to contribute to a wider understanding of why Norway is so much ahead of Sweden and Denmark in electric car adoption. The purpose is also to adopt a perspective that goes beyond a mere focus on economic policy instruments. In order to do so different theory elements are combined in a framework. These elements stem from the transition theory literature field, especially the technological innovation system (TIS) and the multi-level perspective (MLP). This combination allows analysing the development behind a dynamic, not just when it comes to an innovation itself but also with regards to the established regime. The data is gathered through analysis of existing documents and data as well as a series of 27 expert interviews conducted in the three case countries. The findings suggest that there are important differences in transition patterns that can account for the electric vehicle (EV) diffusion situation we can find nowadays in the three Nordic countries. An important stepping stone was the need for a very strong legitimacy of the original EV vision that is also anchored in a coordinated, sector overarching coalition of actors that thinks strategically and long term. Moreover some general beneficial dynamics could be identified across the countries in question. In Norway these beneficial dynamics can be summarised as a systems motor, in Denmark as a failed entrepreneurial motor that shifted towards a constrained municipal motor and in Sweden as a loosely, coordinated and weaker version of a systems motor.
31.	Vierth, Inge, 1959-, et al. (author) Evaluating the external costs of a modal shift from rail to sea : An application to Sweden's East coast container movements 2019 In: European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research. - : EDITORIAL BOARD EJTIR. - 1567-7133 .- 1567-7141. ; 19:1, s. 60-76 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This study analyzes the comparative level of social and external costs if an existing transport chain is replaced by one that includes a greater use of shipping. The main objective of the paper is to assess, on the basis of changes in social and external cost, the potential effectiveness of policies which aim to promote a modal shift to shipping. The social and external costs of both options are evaluated, therefore, using both Sweden's national guidelines for cost-benefit analysis and the European guidelines. A secondary objective of the paper is to evaluate the sensitivity of outcomes to the methodology applied and the input values employed, as well as to identify the relative strengths and weaknesses of these two CBA methodologies when applied to choices involving a shipping mode, The paper concludes that evaluation outcomes are highly sensitive to the choice of CBA methodology and the input values embedded therein. In addition, a number of shortcomings with the guidelines are identified, the most important of which are the need to: (1) have specific values for air pollution from ships; (2) incorporate a system for continuous updates of emission factors, given that vessel speeds vary over time and; (3) incorporate values for water pollution and its effects on the coast and sea bottom. For the Swedish guidelines specifically, there is a need to encompass a value for the scarcity of rail capacity.
32.	Svanberg, Martin, 1982, et al. (author) Analyzing animal waste-to-energy supply chains: The case of horse manure 2018 In: Renewable Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 129, s. 830-837 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract To reduce human impact upon the environment, a transition from fossil to renewable energy sources such as biomass is imperative. Biomass from animal waste such as horse manure has unutilized potential as it has yet to be implemented at a large scale as an energy source. Research has demonstrated the technical feasibility of using animal waste for energy conversion, though their supply chain cost poses a barrier, as does a gap in research regarding the specific design of efficient horse manure-to-energy supply chains. In response, we investigated the design of horse manure-to-energy supply chains through interviews and site visits at stables, as well as through interviews with transport companies. Our findings show that horse manure-to-energy supply chains have distinct attributes at all stages of the supply chain such as the geographical spread of stables that determines supply chain design and hampers efficiency. They share several such attributes with forest biomass-to-energy supply chains, from which important needs can be identified, including the industrial development of trucks dedicated to the purpose, mathematical modeling to handle the trade-off of cost of substance loss in storage and cost of transport, and business models that reconcile the conflicting goals of different actors along the supply chains. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
33.	Zeng, Ziling, 1995, et al. (author) Optimization of Electric Bus Scheduling for Mixed Passenger and Freight Flow in an Urban-Rural Transit System 2023 In: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 24:1, s. 1288-1298 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Transport accessibility and urban-rural connectivity are seen as critical aspects of rural economic development. In the transit network, passenger flow between urban-rural corridors demonstrates directional imbalances and low utilization of scarce resources. Freight transportation, on the other hand, lags due to poor geography, high operating costs, and scattered demand. This paper proposes a new mode of public transit that integrates passenger and freight transport, providing a carrier for logistics while compensating for the low utilization of passenger transport. In this mode, each timetabled round trip is divided into one dedicated passenger trip with high demand and one mixed-flow trip with on-demand requests. A space-time-state network is constructed considering the picking-up time window, loading/unloading service time, and electric bus energy replenishment. A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to optimize the bus schedule that covers the travel demands and the charging requests with minimized travel costs. A Lagrangian relaxation framework with a dynamic programming algorithm and sub-gradient method is presented for problem-solving. The real-life rural-urban transport instance and a simulated network demonstrate the operation of the new mode and validate the efficiency of the proposed method. The innovative concept and the optimization framework are expected to serve as a reference for public administration to alleviate passenger and freight transportation bottlenecks in the urban-rural context.
34.	Estévez Mauriz, Laura, 1982 (author) The urban form and the sound environment - Tools and approaches 2017 Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Cities are always confronted with transition and adaptation. Awareness on urban environmental quality is leading the vision about the built environment’s resilience and sustainability, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary framework for urbanisation processes. One of the main concerns is the negative impact of outdoor noise due to road traffic, whereby controlling the sound environment through good quality spatial production is a priority. Europe and other parts of the world are experiencing a chronic traffic congestion problem. The environmental impact of this situation is overwhelming, where 90 % of the health impact due to noise exposure is estimated to be caused by road traffic noise. In this regard, noise maps are seen as a powerful tool in the development of new urban areas, where its noise level underestimation can endanger the wellbeing of citizens. At this rapid urbanisation, divided pronouncements on decision-making are devastating. The aim is to overcome negative aspects derived from a late intervention by including urban sound planning as an opportunity to the user’s experience and wellbeing, avoiding poor patches in the urban configuration and economical burden. The present work is committed to the development of tools for controlling, communicating and designing the sound environment on a level beyond today’s solutions, capable to be included at the early stages of the planning process. First, the study goes through the importance of the quiet side and the implementation of an engineering method as a powerful tool in the urban development, obtaining accurate results compared to measurements. In an attempt to study time variations of traffic within cities and its relevance regarding noise emission (normally overlooked in current noise mapping calculations), a microscopic road traffic modelling tool is developed in the second study, giving useful output for noise level predictions as function of time. The time-pattern analysis opens the possibility to test traffic configurations and explore a large variety of results in the form of descriptors as statistical indicators, calm periods and noise events, and outcomes as difference maps and contribution maps. The third study extends toward the evaluation of the effects of spatial heterogeneity (considered a key strategy to increase the liveability of spaces) on the environmental performance and resilience capacity of the transportation system through the study of noise pollution and its economic impact. The studies presented are using real case scenarios as a test-bed not only for implementation, but mainly for the development of tools.
35.	Malik, Mateen, et al. (author) Simulation-based Evaluation of a Remotely Operated Road Vehicle under Transmission Delays and Denial-of-Service Attacks 2023 In: Proceedings of IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing, PRDC. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 1541-0110. ; 2023, s. 23-29 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract A remotely operated road vehicle (RORV) refers to a vehicle operated wirelessly from a remote location. In this paper, we report results from an evaluation of two safety mechanisms: safe braking and disconnection. These safety mechanisms are included in the control software for RORV developed by Roboauto, an intelligent mobility solutions provider. The safety mechanisms monitor the communication system to detect packet transmission delays, lost messages, and outages caused by naturally occurring interference as well as denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. When the delay in the communication channel exceeds certain threshold values, the safety mechanisms are to initiate control actions to reduce the vehicle speed or stop the affected vehicle safely as soon as possible. To evaluate the effectiveness of the safety mechanisms, we exposed the vehicle control software to various communication failures using a software-in-the-loop (SIL) testing environment developed specifically for this study. Our results show that the safety mechanisms behaved correctly for a vast majority of the simulated communication failures. However, in a few cases, we noted that the safety mechanisms were triggered incorrectly, either too early or too late, according to the system specification.
36.	Flodén, Jonas, 1974, et al. (author) Shipping in the EU emissions trading system: implications for mitigation, costs and modal split 2024 In: Climate Policy. - Stockholm : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet. - 1752-7457 .- 1469-3062. ; 24:7, s. 969-987 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract EU recently decided to include shipping, meaning all intra-European shipping and 50% of extra-European voyages, in the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) beginning in 2024. This article provides an early assessment of the impacts of the EU ETS on the shipping sector’s potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions for different types of ships. It further examines selected mitigation measures and the impact on modals split and costs. The study employs a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative estimates (based on data from the EU monitoring, reporting and verification system) with qualitative data and information from interviews with key actors and from previous literature. This approach aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of the EU ETS. The inclusion of shipping in the EU ETS is expected to introduce significant incentives to reduce emissions. We estimate that switching to bio-methanol at an emissions allowance price of €90–100/tCO2 will be cost-effective for a minor share of shipping segments (representing about 0.5-5% of all ships), whereas at a price above €150/tCO2 it could be cost-effective for a considerable share (potentially 75%) of ships. In the short term, the costs incurred by the EU ETS will be passed on to transport customers as a surcharge. The increased cost may, unless properly addressed, drive carbon leakage. Meanwhile, a modal shift away from shipping may occur in the roll-on, roll-off (RoRo) and roll-on passenger (RoPax) segments due to direct competition with road and rail transport and the relative ease of shifting to other modes of transport.
37.	Li, Ying Zhen (author) Study of fire and explosion hazards of alternative fuel vehicles in tunnels 2018 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract An investigation of fire and explosion hazards of different types of alternativefuel vehicles in tunnels is presented. The different fuels are divided into four types:liquid fuels, liquefied fuels, compressed gases, and electricity, and detailed parameters are obtained. Three types offire hazards for the alternativefuel vehicles: pool fires, jet fires and fireballs are identified andinvestigated in detail. Fromthe perspective of pool fire size, the liquid fuels pose equivalent or evenmuch lower fire hazards compared to the traditionally used fuels, but theliquefied fuels may pose higher hazards. For pressurized tanks, the fires are generally much larger in size butshorter in duration. The gas releases from pressure relief devices and the resulting jet firesare highly transient. Forhydrogen vehicles, the fire sizes are significantly higher compared to CNGtanks, while flame lengths only slighter longer. Investigation of the peakoverpressure in case of an explosion in a tunnel was also carried out. Theresults showed that, for the vehicles investigated, the peak overpressure of tankrupture and BLEVE are mostly in a range of 0.1 to 0.36 bar at 50 m away. Thesituations in case of cloud explosion are mostly much more severe andintolerable. These hazards need to be carefully considered in both vehiclesafety design and tunnel fire safety design. Further researches on thesehazards are in urgent need.
38.	Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series (Volume 40) 2018 In: Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series (De Gruyter). - 1732-4254 .- 1732-4254. ; 40:40, s. 1-196 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract This 40th anniversary issue of BGSS highlights some of the tenets of the complexity that make sustainability a ‘wicked problem’ through a number of different perspectives, many of which have to date been pushed into the background amidst an otherwise exceptionally rich geographical literature on sustainability. The editorial task included procurement, administration and scientific processing of 12 articles from 25 authors as follows: (1) Mirek Dymitrow, Keith Halfacree – “Sustainability–differently”; (2) Slobodan Arsovski, Michał Kwiatkowski, Aleksandra Lewandowska, Dimitrinka Jordanova Peshevska, Emilija Sofeska, Mirek Dymitrow – “Can urban environmental problems be overcome? The case of Skopje—world’s most polluted city”; (3) Janis Birkeland – “Challenging policy barriers in sustainable urban design”; (4) Elizabeth Dessie – “Applying resilience thinking to ‘ordinary’ cities: A theoretical inquiry”; (5) Madeleine Eriksson, Aina Tollefsen – “The production of the rural landscape and its labour: The development of supply chain capitalism in the Swedish berry industry”; (6) Stina Hansson – “The role of trust in shaping urban planning in local communities: The case of Hammarkullen, Sweden”; (7) Shelley Kotze – “The place of community values within community-based conservation: The case of Driftsands Nature Reserve, Cape Town”; (8) Davide Marino, Luigi Mastronardi, Agostino Giannelli, Vincenzo Giaccio, Giampiero Mazzocchi – “Territorialisation dynamics for Italian farms adhering to Alternative Food Networks”; (9) E. Gunilla Almered Olsson – “Urban food systems as vehicles for sustainability transitions”; (10) George Mark Onyango – “Urban public transport in informal settlements: Experiences from Kisumu City, Kenya”; (11) Christian M. Rogerson – “Informality and migrant entrepreneurs in Cape Town’s inner city”; (12) Marcin Wójcik, Karolina Dmochowska-Dudek, Pamela Jeziorska-Biel, Paulina Tobiasz-Lis – “Understanding strategies for overcoming peripherality: A Polish experience of transition”. The articles have been reviewed by a cadre of 40 reviewers from 34 academic institutions across 14 countries.
39.	Karakitsiou, Athanasia, et al. (author) Disruptive Technologies and Optimization Towards Industry 4.0 Logistics 2024 Book (peer-reviewed)abstract This contributed volume guides researchers and practitioners on resource collaborative management of supply chains and manufacturing enterprises within an industrial internet technological environment. The book comprises 10 chapters that cover two major topics in the subject of logistics 4.0, namely the utilization of both disruptive technologies and optimization techniques in smart logistic management. With global research on the book's topic expanding rapidly across various directions and disciplines, it provides a structured framework for international experts to showcase outstanding work and unique approaches. Researchers and students will find the comprehensive outline on collaborative optimization and management of smart manufacturing and production, warehousing, inventory, logistics, transportation, integrated supply chain, and supply network within the industrial internet platform a beneficial guide to understanding current and future practical problems that arise in manufacturing and supply chain management.
40.	Bhatti, Harrison John, et al. (author) Multidimensional Readiness Index for Electrification of Transportation System in China, Norway, and Sweden 2022 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract The main objective of this paper is to develop a readiness index model that can serve as an analytical tool for exploring the achievements of electrification of transportation systems. We have applied this readiness index model to evaluate the readiness positioning of China, Norway, and Sweden towards transport electrification. We have chosen these three countries as they represent diversity among countries that are in the process of adopting electrified transport system solutions. Our developed readiness index model has four key dimensions, technological readiness, political readiness, societal readiness, and economic readiness. The embeddedness of all four dimensions in one model provides a multi-perspective way of analyzing and evaluating the readiness levels of countries moving towards transforming the transportation system. Therefore, we named the model a“multidimensional readiness index.”Our main conclusions are that the political processes and political decisiveness involved are the most important factors followed by the societal needs and economic ability, with the current technology available as the fourth. Without the participation of dedicated and determined political decision-makers being involved, the other three factors are challenging to obtain. Political decision-makers need to facilitate the use of economic means to support the transformation in the society and affected industries to balance the initial economic disadvantages of the electrically-powered systems until they pass the cost disadvantage turning point. The development of the relevant technology is no longer a great barrier as it was at the beginning of this transformation, about 20 years ago. The technology for electrically powered transportation systems and devices is widely available now, although it is continuously evolving and being improved. Associated industries cannot be expected to initiate, finance, take the risk, and take the lead in this global societal transformation without clear and strong political support.Based on our multidimensional readiness index analysis, China is being positioned as the leading country in the world in the electrification of its transportation systems. This is mainly so because of the strong technology advancements, control of the entire value chain of research, development (R&D), and manufacturing of EVs, strong government decisiveness, and execution power in developing and implementing favorable electric vehicle (EV) policies. The willingness of China’s public sector to take the lead and their citizen’s support to adopt clean technology are additional factors facilitating this advancement. Norway has rapidly become one of the newcomers in electrification with large numbers of registered electric vehicles, despite lacking manufacturing industries of electric vehicles. Sweden is a rapidly developing country in the electrification of transport, with three vehicle manufacturers introducing EVs in 2021. The government has been committed to building demonstration sites for electric roads systems for more than ten years. Sweden is also working on establishing battery manufacturing facilities dedicated to the needs of electrified transportation equipment and systems.
41.	Dreier, Dennis, et al. (author) Comparison of management strategies for the charging schedule and all-electric operation of a plug-in hybrid-electric bi-articulated bus fleet 2020 In: Public Transport. - : Springer Nature. - 1866-749X .- 1613-7159. ; 12:2, s. 363-404 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This study developed a real-time optimisation (RTO) model that uses real-world bus operation data, i.e. route-specific and time-specific driving cycles. Potentials for energy savings and all-electric operation were estimated for a plug-in hybrid-electric bi-articulated bus fleet (PLUG scenario) that can be managed according to different management strategies. Five strategies A–E were simulated that manage the charging schedule and all-electric operation with different priorities: PLUG-A, prioritise buses for charging by arrival times at the charging station (“first come, first served”); PLUG-B, prioritise buses for charging by energy intensities of the bus routes; PLUG-C, minimise the total energy use of the bus fleet; PLUG-D, maximise the total all-electric time of the bus fleet; and PLUG-E, maximise the total all-electric distance of the bus fleet. For comparison, a business as usual (BAU) scenario with conventional buses and another scenario with hybrid-electric buses (HYB) were simulated. Two weeks of real-world bus operation data from the city of Curitiba in Brazil were used as input data. The study finds that total energy savings of 17% and 27% in the HYB and PLUG scenarios can be achieved compared to the BAU scenario, respectively. Meanwhile, the average shares of the total all-electric time (TAET) and total all-electric distance (TAED) to the total bus fleet operation amount to 20% and 14% in the HYB scenario. Furthermore, both TAET and TAED in the PLUG scenario depend strongly on the chosen strategy amounting to ranges of 21–64% and 17–61%, respectively. Simultaneous maxima were found for strategy D.
42.	Nåbo, Arne, 1958-, et al. (author) Battery-Swapping for Heavy Duty Vehicles : A Feasibility Study on Up-Scaling in Sweden 2024 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Rapporten fokuserar på den kommersiella genomförbarheten av ett batteribytessystem för tunga lastbilar i Sverige. Genom att studera affärsmodeller, kompatibilitet med svenska regelverk och integration i transportverksamheten har vi utforskat hur disruptiva teknologier, ekosystemeffekter och cirkularitet skulle kunna möjliggöra en snabb introduktion och uppskalning av ett batteribytessystem. Ett särskilt fokus har legat på Kina för att analysera statusen för batteribyten och de processer som har lett till den snabba utvecklingen och uppskalningen där. I Kina krävde batteribyte en ny affärsmodell där aktörer såsom energiproducenter, batteritillverkare och maskinindustri går i spetsen för utvecklingen och spridningen av batteribyten. Batteribyte är nu den dominerande tekniken för eldrivna lastbilar i Kina.Exempel på fördelar med batteribyte som förespråkas är att det bara tar några minuter att byta batteri, minskad investering för lastbilsägare, låg påverkan på det lokala elnätet och att fordons- och batterilivscykler separeras. En simuleringsstudie om batteribyte för tunga lastbilar i hamnverksamhet visar i denna rapport på tydliga fördelar jämfört med kabelladdning. Det finns dock ett par utmaningar med att införa batteribyte i Sverige. För det första finns det inga tydliga förespråkare för batteribyte inom industrin. Till exempel är de svenska och europeiska fordonstillverkarna tveksamma eftersom det utmanar deras nuvarande affärsmodell och att de kan ta rollen som grindvakter. För det andra omfattar inte de nuvarande standarderna och regelverken för fordon och energisystem i Sverige och i EU batteribyte. Rapporten tar också upp behovet av kunskap och utbildning av personer vid batteribytesstationer, samt vikten av social hållbarhet vid elektrifiering av tunga transporter.
43.	Gidofalvi, Gyözö, 1975- (author) Scalable Selective Traffic Congestion Notification 2015 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Congestion is a major problem in most metropolitan areas. Systems that can in a timely manner inform drivers about relevant, current or predicted traffic congestion are paramount for effective traffic management. Without loss of generality, this paper proposes such a system that by adopting a grid-based discretization of space, can flexibly scale the computation cost and the geographic level of detail of traffic information that it provides. From the continuous stream of grid-based position and speed reports from vehicles, the system incrementally derives 1) statistics for detecting directional traffic congestions and 2) model parameters for a time-inhomogeneous, Markov jump process that is used to predict the likelihood that a given vehicle will encounter a detected directional congestion within the notification horizon. A simple but efficient SQL-based prototype implementation of the system that can naturally be ported to Big Data processing frameworks is also explained in detail. Empirical evaluations on millions of object trajectories show that 1) the proposed movement model captures the topology of the underlying road network space and the directional aspects of movement on it, 2) the congestion notification accuracy of the system is superior to a linear movement model based system, and 3) the prototype implementation of the system (i) scales linearly with its input load, notification horizon and spatio-temporal resolution and (ii) can in real-time process 1.14 million object trajectories.
44.	Ghandriz, Toheed, 1982 (author) Transportation Mission-Based Optimization of Heavy Combination Road Vehicles and Distributed Propulsion, Including Predictive Energy and Motion Control 2020 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract This thesis proposes methodologies to improve heavy vehicle design by reducing the total cost of ownership and by increasing energy efficiency and safety. Environmental issues, consumers expectations and the growing demand for freight transport have created a competitive environment in providing better transportation solutions. In this thesis, it is proposed that freight vehicles can be designed in a more cost- and energy-efficient manner if they are customized for narrow ranges of operational domains and transportation use-cases. For this purpose, optimization-based methods were applied to minimize the total cost of ownership and to deliver customized vehicles with tailored propulsion components that best fit the given transportation missions and operational environment. Optimization-based design of the vehicle components was found to be effective due to the simultaneous consideration of the optimization of the transportation mission infrastructure, including charging stations, loading-unloading, routing and fleet composition and size, especially in case of electrified propulsion. Implementing integrated vehicle hardware-transportation optimization could reduce the total cost of ownership by up to 35% in the case of battery electric heavy vehicles. Furthermore, in this thesis, the impacts of two future technological advancements, i.e., heavy vehicle electrification and automation, on road freight transport were discussed. It was shown that automation helps the adoption of battery electric heavy vehicles in freight transport. Moreover, the optimizations and simulations produced a large quantity of data that can help users to select the best vehicle in terms of the size, propulsion system, and driving system for a given transportation assignment. The results of the optimizations revealed that battery electric and hybrid heavy combination vehicles exhibit the lowest total cost of ownership in certain transportation scenarios. In these vehicles, propulsion can be distributed over different axles of different units, thus the front units may be pushed by the rear units. Therefore, online optimal energy management strategies were proposed in this thesis to optimally control the vehicle motion and propulsion in terms of the minimum energy usage and lateral stability. These involved detailed multitrailer vehicle modeling and the design and solution of nonlinear optimal control problems.
45.	Vierth, Inge, 1959-, et al. (author) How to achieve less emissions from freight transport in Sweden 2019 In: Maritime Business Review. - 2397-3757. ; 4:1, s. 4-15 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract For the case of Sweden, this paper aims to determine how a range of different infrastructure fees and taxes influences modal split, port throughputs, air emissions, societal costs of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollution, as well as logistics costs.The Swedish national freight model is used to simulate a range of different proposed infrastructure fees, one by one and in combination. The volume of emissions of CO2-equivalents, NOx, SOx and PM under the different scenarios is calculated in both volume and monetary terms, by applying national emission factors and EU values for external costs.Road user fees are calculated to have the largest impact on the modal split, GHG emissions and air pollution. The impact increases slightly when road user fees are combined with higher fees for sea and rail and/or gate fees in all Swedish ports. The imposition of gate fees over €30 per truck in all ports leads to shifts in cargo to land-based modes and to ports outside Sweden. The logistics costs in Sweden are found to be three to ten times higher than the benefits of reduced GHG emissions and air pollution, although other benefits to society need to be considered as well.The results can be used as basis for policy-making. They illustrate the environmental impacts of the fees and taxes one by one and in combination and to what extent these reinforce each other and should be co-ordinated.The outcomes are relevant to national and international policymakers and authorities, as well as port authorities, shippers and transport companies who need to determine unilateral strategies on how to reduce GHG emissions and air pollution, without undermining their wider business objectives.
46.	Dirnfeld, Ruth, et al. (author) Low-Power Wide-Area Networks in Intelligent Transportation : Review and Opportunities for Smart-Railways 2020 In: 2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2020. - : IEEE. - 9781728141497 - 9781728141503 ; , s. 1-7 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Technology development in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) and more specifically in Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) has enabled a whole set of new applications in several fields of Intelligent Transportation Systems. Among all, smart-railways represents one of the most challenging scenarios, due to its wide geographical distribution and strict energy-awareness. This paper aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in LPWAN, with a focus on intelligent transportation. This study is part of the RAILS (Roadmaps for Artificial Intelligence integration in the raiL Sector) research project, funded by the European Union under the Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking. As a first step to meet its objectives, RAILS surveys the current state of development of technology enablers for smart-railways considering possible technology transfer from other sectors. To that aim, IoT and LPWAN technologies appear as very promising for cost-effective remote surveillance, monitoring and control over large geographical areas, by collecting data for several sensing applications (e.g., predictive condition-based maintenance, security early warning and situation awareness, etc.) even in situations where power supply is limited (e.g., where solar panels are employed) or absent (e.g., installation on-board freight cars). © 2020 IEEE.
47.	Stojanovski, Todor, 1976- (author) Urbanism for Multimodal Transportation : Multimodal Transportation Performance Certificates (MTPC) for Buildings and Neighborhoods 2017 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Multimodality defines the ability to travel with a choice of different transportation modes. This report combines different approaches and methods to analyze multimodality and inform about integration of multiple transportation modes with cities. It assesses three methods: green building and sustainable neighborhood certification systems (LEED, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), accessibility indexes (Walk Score, http://www.walkscore.com/) and travel forecasting tools (Trafikverket’s Trafikalstring, Swedish Transportation Administration’s Trip Generation Tool, https://applikation.trafikverket.se/trafikalstring/). It also proposes instituting Multimodal Transportation Performance Certificates (MTPC) as a hybrid method. The focus is on urban form, physical integration of transportation systems in cities and on urbanism that can make multimodality possible. Accordingly, MTPC measures physical integration of different transportation systems (walking, cycling, public transportation and private car) with cities. Its indicators include design elements (streets, buildings, building façades, building heights, bike racks, parking lots, bus stops, subway exits, etc.), place characteristics (density, diversity, etc.) and accessibility (network access to local and regional destinations) that have indirect, but profound effect on travel.
48.	Dubois, Anna, 1962, et al. (author) Configuring transport and logistics activities in construction 2016 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract Increasing the efficiency in construction is a key industrial as well as societal concern. In this paper we focus on one salient category of efficiency improvements; transport and logistics activities. However, these activities cannot be analysed in isolation since they depend on, and set the conditions for, other activities, both at construction sites and up-steams the construction materials' supply chains. While the efficiency in construction is, and has been a general concern for a long time, the growing focus on urban conditions for construction, transport and logistics place new and stronger demands on efficiency - in particular with regard to efficient use of vehicles, road space and site space considering increasingly dense cities. The aim of the paper is to identify and scrutinise transport and logistics activities in construction and how the ways in which these are configured impact on construction efficiency. The analysis focuses on three levels of analysis; (1) efficiency at the construction site, (2) efficiency in supply chains ending in the building (activity focus), (3) efficiency in the use of resources. Numerous studies claim that the construction industry suffers from poor performance (e.g. Bankvall et al., 2010; Love et al., 2004; Vrijhoef and Koskela, 2000). Supply chain management, including concepts like partnering and lean construction, has been identified as a mean to improve efficiency, but the recommended integration in construction processes is challenging (Briscoe and Dainty, 2005). Fadiya et al. (2015) argue that linking supply logistics (including activities such as specification, acquisition, transport and delivery of materials to the site), and site logistics (including physical flow planning and organizing on the site) is key. Similarly, Ying et al., (2014: 262) claim that efficiency and effectiveness of a construction project “heavily depends on coordination of the on-site and external logistics”. Hence, how the conditions for efficiency at the construction site interrelate with efficient supply chains ‘ending up’ at the site need to be further scrutinized with a focus on the configuring of transport and logistics activities, including how they interrelate with other activities on-site and off-site. Such scrutiny must take, not only the serial coordination of activities in to account as the SCM principles tends to highlight, but also the interdependence between a range of various supply chains to each and at every construction site (Bankvall et al., 2010). Moreover, conditions for activity configuring are closely intertwined with the reasoning for efficient use of resources. ‘Lean thinking’ addresses resources with an emphasis on rationalization, hence, the main objective is to lower the total amount of resources (Cooper et al., 1997). However, such thinking only covers one aspect of change to improve efficiency. Considering resource heterogeneity, i.e. the value of a resource depends on how it is combined with other resources (Alchian and Demsetz, 1972), resource development is to a large extent about how to use existing resources in novel ways, for instance, by exploiting unused features or providing new resource combinations (Gadde et al., 2002). Directing more attention to resource utilization can advance the understanding of activity configuration patterns. In addition, taking into account the various actors’ perspectives add to the perception of how different logics may be balanced (Bygballe and Jahre, 2009). We elaborate on three principal configurations of transport and logistics activities in relation to construction projects; · The bilateral configuration wherein each material supplier delivers to the site, and the site logistics is coordinated within the construction project. · The site focused configuration wherein the transport activities to, and the logistics activities on, the site are subject to coordination. · The supply network coordinated configuration wherein the supply to and at the site, including all transport and logistics activities, are subject to coordination. The three configurations are featured by different scopes of coordination and thus also of different conditions to handle interfaces and interdependencies with other resources and activities. In addition, the configurations address the actor dimension and the issue of division of labour in construction. References: Alchian, A. and Demsetz, H. (1972) Production, Information Costs and Economic Organization. The American Economic Review, 62, 77-95. Bankvall, L., Bygballe, L., Dubois, A. and Jahre, M. (2010), Interdependence in supply chains and projects in construction, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 15(5), 385-393. Briscoe, G. and Dainty, A. (2005), Construction supply chain integration: an elusive goal, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 10(4), 319-326. Bygballe, L. and Jahre, M. (2009), Balancing value creating logics in construction, Construction Management and Economics, 27(7), 695-704. Cooper, M., D. Lambert, and J. Pagh, 1997. Supply Chain Management: More Than a New Name for Logistics, The International Journal of Logistics Management, 8(1), 1-14. Fadiya, O., Georgakis, P., Chinyio, E. and Nwagboso, C. (2015), Decision-making framework for selecting ICT-based construction logistics systems, Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 13(2), 260-281. Gadde, L.-E., Håkansson, H., Jahre, M. and Persson, G. (2002) “More instead of less” – Strategies for the use of logistics resources, Journal onChain and network science, 2 (2), 81 – 91. Love, P.E.D., Irani, Z. and Edwards, D.J. (2004), A seamless supply chain management model for construction, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 9(1), 43-56. Vrijhoef, R. and Koskela, L. (2000), The four roles of supply chain management in construction, European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 6(3-4), 169-78. Ying, F., Tookey, J. and Roberti, J. (2014), Addressing effective construction logistics through the lens of vehicle movements, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 21(3), 261-275.
49.	Melander, Lisa, 1983, et al. (author) Future goods transport in Sweden 2050: Using a Delphi-based scenario analysis 2019 In: Technological Forecasting and Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625. ; 138, s. 178-189 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Transport is an important part of society, and its future is influenced by a number of developments, such as of technology, environmental regulations and societal behaviour. This paper presents a scenario analysis from a Delphi survey focusing on future goods transport in Sweden in 2050 using experts from industry, academia and government. Our results show divergent views of the future of goods transport, with experts having widely different opinions on subjects such as consumer behaviour, which technologies will be dominant, how goods will be transported on main roads and in urban areas, and the role of policy and public investments. The experts, however, share views on the high desirability of improvements connected to sustainability. The study points to great uncertainties of future developments in goods transport, which have implications for the need for interaction and dialogue between actors in industry, academia and government and opens up for further research.
50.	Rashidi, Kamran, et al. (author) Evaluating the sustainability of national logistics performance using Data Envelopment Analysis 2019 In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 74, s. 35-46 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The objective of this paper is to evaluate the sustainability of operational logistics performance within a sample of OECD nations and to compare this to the most widely known national measure, the Logistics Performance Index (LPI), as developed by the World Bank. Data Envelopment Analysis is applied to derive an efficiency score reflecting the degree to which sustainable operational logistics performance (SOLP) is achieved within each sample nation. A comparison between the national rankings achieved under the LPI and SOLP evaluation regimes reveal that there is a statistically insignificant monotonic correlation between them. While one country may be a top performer with respect to one of the evaluation approaches, it does not emerge as such under the other. However, the results of the analysis suggest that logistics industries of the United States, the Netherlands, Norway and Australia are found to be top performers under both approaches, while that of Greece, Korea, Italy and Portugal are found to be poor performers under both. The paper concludes that the SOLP approach provides useful information that supplements that provided by the LPI, but that it better facilitates performance improvements within a nation's logistics industry by helping to identify the sources of inefficiency and the nations which possess benchmark performing logistics sectors.

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