| 1. |
- Israelsson, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender
- 2017
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In: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 114, s. 27-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To describe health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survivors in relation to gender.METHODS: This national register study consists of data from follow-up registration of IHCA survivors 3-6 months post cardiac arrest (CA) in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent to the survivors, including measurements of health status (EQ-5D-5L) and psychological distress (HADS).RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2015, 594 IHCA survivors were included in the study. The median values for EQ-5D-5L index and EQ VAS among survivors were 0.78 (q1-q3=0.67-0.86) and 70 (q1-q3=50-80) respectively. The values were significantly lower (p<0.001) in women compared to men. In addition, women reported more problems than men in all dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, except self-care. A majority of the respondents reported no problems with anxiety (85.4%) and/or symptoms of depression (87.0%). Women reported significantly more problems with anxiety (p<0.001) and symptoms of depression (p<0.001) compared to men. Gender was significantly associated with poorer health status and more psychological distress. No interaction effects for gender and age were found.CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of survivors reported acceptable health status and no psychological distress, a substantial proportion reported severe problems. Women reported worse health status and more psychological distress compared to men. Therefore, a higher proportion of women may be in need of support. Health care professionals should make efforts to identify health problems among survivors and offer individualised support when needed.
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| 2. |
- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Folkhälsa : några begreppsdefinitioner
- 2009
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In: Andersson, Ingemar & Ejlertsson, Göran (red.). Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144040097 ; , s. 17-30
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap : möten mellan ämnen
- 2009
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Folkhälsovetenskap är ett förhållandevis ungt ämne. Det har vuxit fram i samklang med en rad andra discipliner och behandlar olika aspekter av betydelse för befolkningens hälsa. Från att ha varit nästan obefintlig har folkhälsovetenskapen under några få decennier utvecklats till vad den är idag.Den här boken visar vilka relationer som finns mellan folkhälsovetenskap och andra ämnen. Med folkhälsovetenskap som bas görs i bokens olika kapitel kopplingar till biomedicin, vård- och omvårdnadsvetenskap, sociologi, statistik, epidemiologi, politik, psykologi, pedagogik, kultur, arbetsvetenskap, arbets- och miljömedicin, ekonomi och etik. Även en del definitioner tas upp, liksom en redovisning av folkhälsovetenskapens utveckling och möjliga framtid.Boken är skriven av specialister inom de respektive ämnena, som dessutom har bred kunskap inom folkhälsovetenskap. Till boken finns en webbplats med länkar och kompletteringar.Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap är främst avsedd som en fördjupning i folkhälsovetenskap för dem som redan tillägnat sig grunderna. Den kan användas såväl i rent folkhälsovetenskapliga utbildningar som i andra utbildningar där hälsan är av betydelse. Blivande och färdiga folkhälsovetare, folkhälsopedagoger, sjuksköterskor, läkare, sjukgymnaster, arbetsterapeuter, lärare, samhällsvetare m.fl. bör i boken finna stimulans och kunskap som kan omsättas i praktiskt arbete för folkhälsan.
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| 5. |
- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Masterutbildning i hälsovetenskap : folkhälsovetenskap i ett integrerat ämnesområde
- 2009
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In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 86:1, s. 43-51
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2007 a master programme in (integrative) health sciences at Kristianstad University College was approved by the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education. The process to secure approval by the Swedish national Agency was extensive and complex. The programme aimed to combine scientific knowledge from various disciplines into a joined body of knowledge geared to both the national and international labour markets in public health, health care and social sectors. The development process incorporated keywords including "interdisciplinary" and "multiprofessional". New innovative working methods were used in this process. A broad engagement with intensive dialogues was developed among the personnel as well as to the surrounding community.
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| 6. |
- Sollerhed, Ann-Christin, 1954-
(author)
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Young today - adult tomorrow! : studies on physical status, physical activity, attitudes, and self-perception in children and adolescents
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim was to gain knowledge of young people's physical status and physical activity, and to further the understanding of the role of school physical education in a salutogenic public health perspective. Two studies were performed in southern Sweden. Study 1 was performed in 1996 among 301 adolescents aged 16-19 in upper secondary school. It comprised three parts: a questionnaire, seven physical tests, anthropometrical measures and information on every student's grades. Study 2, with a longitudinal design and annual measurements, was performed in 2000-2003 (n=205- 275) among children aged 6-12 in two primary schools, one intervention school with expanded physical education lessons, and one norm school which followed the stipulated curricular time. The study comprised a questionnaire, eleven physical tests and anthropometrical measures. In Study 1, students in practical education for occupations such as industrial and building workers, mechanics, assistant nurses and hairdressers, all of which are occupations involving physical effort, had lower physical capacity than students in theoretical education among both boys and girls. A correlation was found between physical capacity and grades. An interrelation between Sense of Coherence (SOC) and attitudes to physical education was found, indicating that past experiences of physical activity and physical education could contribute to the development of SOC, and actual levels of SOC could influence the persistent attitudes to physical education and be important for lifelong physical activity. Study 2 showed high self perceived competence in physical education among children to be associated with high physical performance, male gender, low age, living with both parents, high self perceived physical fitness and enjoying physical education. Children who followed an expanded physical education programme during the three-year follow up showed positive changes in physical performance compared to children in the norm school. The number of children with increasing body mass index (BMI) rose in both schools, but a lower increase in BMI could be seen in the intervention school. In both Study 1 and 2, the highest physical capacity was found among children and adolescents who reported a high level of physical activity in leisure time. This thesis shows it is possible to achieve improvement in physical status among young people with an increase of physical education lessons in school. Differences in physical capacity between prospective blue-collar and white-collar workers already in adolescence during education emphasize the need for early interventions to increase physical activity and capacity in young people. Physical education in the school setting could be seen as an important arena for improving physical capacity, positive self-perceptions and positive attitudes to physical activity, which could be important for public health.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Gunvi, et al.
(author)
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Measuring oral health from a public health perspective
- 2008
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - Stockholm : Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 32:3, s. 125-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper aims to analyse measures of oral health-related quality of life (OHQOL) from a Public Health perspective. Twenty-two measures were analysed conceptually as to their mirroring of the Public Health principles: empowerment, participation, holism and equity. Elements of empowerment were found in connection with application of the measures. Participation was found in using lay opinions during development in 12 measures. All measures analysed had elements of a holistic approach so far that they were not wholly biological. Two measures captured positive health effects. Measures were available for all ages, various languages and populations, an element of equity. No measure was wholly compatible with Public Health. They were based on a utilitarian theory not in full accordance with modern health promotion. There is a need to develop measures that more obviously capture the positive aspects of health and health as a process, as well as the personal perspective of oral health.
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| 8. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Some lessons from Swedish midwives' experiences of approaching women smokers in antenatal care
- 2005
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In: Midwifery. - : Elsevier. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 21:4, s. 335-345
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to describe the qualitatively different ways in which midwives make sense of how to approach women smokers. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: a more person-centred national project 'Smoke-free pregnancy' has been in progress in Sweden since 1992. Using a phenomenographic approach, 24 midwives who have been regularly working in antenatal care were interviewed about addressing smoking during pregnancy. FINDINGS: four different story types of how the midwives made sense of their experiences in addressing smoking in pregnancy were identified: 'avoiding', 'informing', 'friend-making', 'co-operating'. KEY CONCLUSION: the midwives' story types about how they approached women who smoke illustrated the difficulties of changing from being an expert who gives information and advice to being an expert on how to enable a woman in finding out why she smoked and how to stop smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: health education about smoking that is built on co-operation and dialogue was seen by the midwives as a productive way of working. The starting point should be the lay perspective of a woman, which means that her thoughts about smoking cessation are given the space to grow while she talks.
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| 9. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Välfärdssektorns projektifiering : kortsiktiga lösning av långsiktiga problem
- 2009
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In: Kommunal ekonomi och politik. - 1402-8700. ; 13:4, s. 35-60
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article we use two immigrant projects to identify similarities and consequences in order to discuss and analyse outwarding collaborative projects in human service organizations as a tool for change. The heavy use of projects in a slimmed public sector originates from projects’ contradictory promises of flexibility and effectiveness in the New Public Management context. Usually projects are used as a way to get more resources to long-term needs but are seldom implemented as planned in the regular organisation. Seemingly politicians, management and civil servants preferred are focusing on the positive side of projects as means to legitimate the organizations and to bring change by targeting and steering activities. However, they tend to overlook the negative consequences from projects. Citizens and participants experience frustration and distrust. The long-term development in organizations is scarce. Projects are seldom implemented meanwhile as the problems the projects were expected to target still are remaining or even are increasing.
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| 10. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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A salutogenic perspective could be of practical relevance for the prevention of smoking amongst pregnant women
- 2002
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In: Midwifery. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 18:4, s. 323-331
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to use empirical data to assess the theoretical relevance of using a salutogenic, instead of a pathogenic, perspective to prevent smoking during pregnancy. DESIGN: quantitative study, a questionnaire was completed during the first trimester of pregnancy and an interview was conducted after the baby was born. SETTING: a geographically defined area in the south-east of Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: all 395 women in the study area who were pregnant during the study period 1994-1995. FINDINGS: the women were categorised according to their smoking habits. A significant difference in the sense of coherence (SOC) score was shown between smoking and non-smoking women in indicators of bad health. Women who relapsed to smoking showed a lower level of SOC, particularly in the manageability component, than others. The SOC score was higher in the whole study group than in other comparable, non-pregnant populations. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: a salutogenic perspective could be used in antenatal care as a basis for encouraging pregnant women to stop smoking. This could enhance the SOC by making smoking more understandable for the woman, by discussing smoking as a way of coping, and by encouraging the woman's own capacity and motivation to stop smoking. Starting a dialogue about smoking from the woman's point of view could do this, with the midwife and the woman exploring together the woman's thoughts about the smoking problem.
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| 11. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-
(author)
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Betydelsen av alkohol och drogsamordnare på Länsstyrelsen i Blekinge län : en utvärdering
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Rapporten utgår ifrån länssamordnarens egen beskrivning av funktionen och speglar den sedan i andra intressenters/informanters uppfattningar av hennes funktion. De uppfattar att arbetet som länssamordnare har fungerat mycket bra. Däremot har hon inte lyckats med att bygga upp en länsövergripande struktur för folkhälsoarbetet på beslutsfattande nivå. Något som är nödvändigt för att på lång sikt åstadkomma ett effektivt arbete. Rapporten avslutas med två förslag till framtida organisation av arbetet i länet och hur utvecklingen av policy och handlingsprogram kan gå till.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Making sense of the challenge of smoking cessation during pregnancy : a phenomenographic approach.
- 2005
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In: Health Education Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 0268-1153 .- 1465-3648. ; 20:3, s. 367-378
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In general, most women are familiar with the need to stop smoking when they are pregnant. In spite of this, many women find it difficult to stop. Using a phenomenographic approach, this study explored Swedish pregnant and post-pregnant women's ways of making sense of smoking during pregnancy. A total of 17 women who either smoked throughout pregnancy or stopped smoking during pregnancy were interviewed. Five different story types of how they are making sense of smoking during pregnancy were identified: smoking can be justified; will stop later; my smoking might hurt the baby; smoking is just given up; smoking must be taken charge of. Based on the study it is argued that the approach used in health education in relation to smoking cessation in antenatal care needs to move from information transfer and advice-giving to the creation of a dialogue. The starting point should be the woman's knowledge, concerns, rationalizations and prejudices. A model is suggested in which a woman may move in a space on three axes depending on life encounters, dialogue and reflections on meaning. The goal in health education would be to encourage movement along three axes: 'increase of self-efficacy towards control', 'increase awareness by reflection on meaning of the smoking issue' and 'avoidance of defense of the smoking behavior'.
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| 16. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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Smoking patterns during pregnancy : differences in socio-economic and health-related varaiables
- 2000
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In: European Journal of Public Health. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 10:3, s. 208-213
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The objective of this study was to assess different smoking patterns during and after pregnancy and relate these patterns to socioeconomic conditions and different health issues such as symptoms, drug consumption and health care use. Methods: The study group included 337 pregnant women from a district in south Sweden. A questionnaire was filled in during the first part of pregnancy and an interview was conducted after the baby was born. The women were categorised according to their smoking habits. Results: The categories defined were continuers, relapsers, decreasers, quitters and non-smokers. Among relapsers three symptoms, difficulty in relaxing (OR 4.48), restlessness (OR 9.59) and dysphoria (OR 3.98), were more common than among non-smokers. All three musculoskeletal symptoms were most common among continuers. Among quitters the OR for backache was 2.05, for numbness In the arms and legs 2.76 and for tearfulness 2.92. Educational level was relatively high among quitters and few had a smoking partner. Among smokers (decreasers, relapsers and continuers) 24% used drugs regularly, compared to 5% among non-smokers. Conclusions: To prevent smoking during pregnancy awareness of the relations between different smoking categories and symptoms could make it easier for hearth personnel to individualise support. A possible starting point is to discuss how to cope with different symptoms occurring during smoking cessation. Women with predictors for continued smoking during pregnancy, such as low education, unemployment, a smoking partner and multiparous, should be focused on more intensively and preventive strategies suitable for their special needs should be developed.
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| 17. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-
(author)
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Biomedicin : viktig grund men också hinder
- 2009
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In: Andersson, Ingemar & Ejlertsson, Göran (red.). Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144040097 ; , s. 63-85
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 18. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Characteristics of subjects with chronic pain, in relation to local and widespread pain report : a prospective study of symptoms, clinical findings and blood tests in subgroups of a geographically defined population
- 1996
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 25:3, s. 146-154
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relation between reported chronic pain and clinical findings was studied by comparing survey data six months before and eighteen months after a clinical examination. Studied individuals (n = 165) were randomly selected from subsamples of an initial survey (n = 1806) to a general population. Among individuals reporting chronic pain 85% were assessed to have chronic pain at the examination. Diagnoses were found in 22% of examined pain individuals. Myofascial pain syndrome and myalgia were the most common findings. Compared with located neck-shoulder pain, widespread pain had a greater impact on the individual, a worse prognosis regarding pain duration and working capacity, and revealed a raised serum urate level of unclear significance. Although no specific cause of pain is found in individuals with widespread pain it is important to identify and treat this group due to the great effects on functional capacity and the worse prognosis.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-
(author)
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Chronic pain : epidemiological studies in a general population
- 1998
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim was to study the epidemiology of chronic pain (> 3 months duration) and factors associated to pain prevalence, prognosis, health care and medication in a general population. A cross-sectional mailed survey to a random population sample (n = 1806) was followed by a clinical examination and a prospective study of three selected groups. Pain related diagnoses from primary health care was monitored and compared with pain prevalence. The most important findings were: - a high total prevalence of chronic pain, 55.2%, without gender difference but varying by age and socioeconomic level. About one fourth (12.8%) reported high pain intensity and functional impairments. Women experienced pain at more locations and with higher intensity. - in a multivariate analysis increasing age, female gender, low education, high work strain, depression and insomnia were associated with chronic pain. - widespread pain showed a worse 2- year prognosis compared with neck shoulder pain. - musculoskeletal location of pain dominated, myalgia and myofascial pain being the most common symptom descriptions. - co-morbidity with chronic pain was common. More hypertensives and an increased level of serum uric acid associated to widepread pain indicated possible metabolic connections to pain. - smoking (current and previous) was associated with low-back and widespread pain. - chronic pain had a substantial influence of primary health care-seeking and medication; high pain intensity being the most important predictor of care and medication. - pain related diagnoses in primary health care increased between 1987 and 1996. Chronic pain, mainly with musculoskeletal location, is a community health problem. A multi-factorial approach in prevention and treatment on the basis of present knowledge is necessary.
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| 20. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Chronic pain in a geographically defined general population : studies of differences in age, gender, social class, and pain localization.
- 1993
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In: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 9:3, s. 174-182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To establish basic epidemiological data on chronic pain (duration > 3 months) in a defined population. Relationships between age, gender, and social class were tested. DESIGN: A survey of pain symptoms, including location, intensity, duration, and functional capacity, was conducted by means of a mail questionnaire. SETTING: General populations in two Swedish primary health care districts. Medical care was provided in a state health system. SUBJECTS: A random sample (from the population register) of 15% of the population aged 25-74 (n = 1,806). The response rate was 90%. OUTCOME MEASURES: Descriptive epidemiologic data in relation to objectives of the study. RESULTS: Without sex differences, 55% (95% confidence interval, 53-58%) of the population had perceived persistent pain for 3 months and 49% for 6 months. Among individuals with chronic pain, 90% localized their pain to the musculoskeletal system to a variable extent. Women experienced more multiple localizations of pain and had pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, and thigh to a greater extent than men. Prevalence of pain increased by age up to 50-59 years for both genders and then slowly decreased. The neck-shoulder area was the most common site of pain (30.2%), followed by the lower back (23.2%). Even in the youngest age groups more than one of four reported chronic pain. Blue-collar workers and employers (including farmers) reported chronic pain to a greater extent than other groups. In 13% of the population, manifest pain problems were associated with reduced functional capacity. CONCLUSION: Chronic pain symptoms are common but unevenly distributed in a general population. The results may influence planning and consultation in primary health care as well as warranting selective prevention activities.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-
(author)
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Increased mortality among individuals with chronic widespread pain relates to lifestyle factors : a prospective population-based study
- 2009
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In: Disability and Rehabilitation. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; , s. 1-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose. Widespread chronic pain has been related to disability and loss of quality of life, but in a few epidemiological studies also to increased mortality. The aim of this study was to further investigate the relationship between chronic pain, lifestyle factors and all cause mortality. Methods. A random sample of an adult (age 25-74) Swedish population (n = 1609) responded to a comprehensive questionnaire on pain, other symptoms, lifestyle, work and socioeconomic factors in 1988. Mortality data for this cohort between 1988 and 2002 were analysed. Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier) and Cox proportional regression were used to study initially reported factors influencing survival. Results. Individuals with widespread chronic pain showed an increased mortality risk (hazard ratio, HR = 1.95, CI: 1.26-3.03) compared to the group without chronic pain. Death due to cardiovascular disease accounted for the increased mortality. Adjustment for lifestyle factors eliminated the excess risk. Conclusions. Increased mortality among individuals with widespread chronic pain is related to factors like smoking, sleep disturbances and low physical activity. The result emphasises the importance of including lifestyle factors in a cognitive-behavioural rehabilitation process. It remains to be shown whether health promotion activities aimed at lifestyle could change mortality among individuals with chronic pain.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Salutogenetic and pathogenetic factors of equal importance to predict mortality in a Swedish general population
- 2008
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In: European Journal of Public Health, 18(Suppl. 1). ; , s. 193-194
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Social support and physical exercise seem to be salutogenetic factors of importance for longterm survival to balance traditional risk factors such as smoking and defined diseases. The results support health promotion initiatives focused on salutogenetic factors and not only prevention in relation to traditional risk factors and diseases.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar
(author)
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The course of non-malignant chronic pain : a 12-year follow-up of a cohort from the general population
- 2004
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In: European Journal of Pain. - 1090-3801 .- 1532-2149. ; 8:1, s. 47-53
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The high prevalence of chronic pain (duration >3 months) reported from different populations indicates a public health problem. Knowledge of the long-term course of chronic non-malignant pain is incomplete and scarce.This paper describes a follow-up of a cohort recruited from a survey in the general population. The cohort (n=214) consisted initially of individuals with widespread or located (neck-shoulder) pain or without chronic pain. The individuals were initially examined and replied to questionnaires on pain, social factors, lifestyle, medication and health care after two and 12 years. The deaths during the period were obtained from the population register. Complete data exist for 77% of the eligible individuals.After 12 years one-third of the individuals initially without pain reported chronic pain, and among those with initial chronic pain 85% still reported chronic pain. The number of painful areas was the strongest predictor of chronic pain 12 years later (OR 15.8; >3 locations vs. 0) whereas a social factor (having a close friend) decreased the risk (OR 0.44). The onset of chronic pain during the same period was related to the physical workload (work with bent positions; OR 5.31; yes vs. no). Mortality was significantly higher in the group initially reporting widespread pain compared with the other groups. The chronicity of widespread chronic pain supports early and intense intervention among individuals with located pain. The association between chronic widespread pain and increased mortality needs further investigation but may deepen the view of chronic pain as a public health problem.
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| 26. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-
(author)
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The epidemiology of chronic pain in a Swedish rural area.
- 1994
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In: Quality of Life Research, 1994 3(Suppl. 1). ; , s. S19-S26
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to establish basic epidemiological data on chronic pain (duration > 3 months) in a rural population, a survey of pain symptoms was conducted by means of a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to a random sample (from the population register) of 15% of the population aged 25-74 (n = 1806) in two Swedish primary health care districts. The response rate was 90%. In a follow-up study individuals selected among the responders (neck-shoulder pain, widespread pain and controls without pain; n = 213) were examined and interviewed. They were requestioned about pain symptoms 24 months after the initial survey. Without sex differences 55% of the population had perceived persistent pain for 3 months and 49% for 6 months. Women experienced more multiple localizations of pain and had pain in neck, shoulder, arm and thigh to a greater extent than men. Prevalence of pain increased by age up to 50-59 years for both genders and then slowly decreased. The neck-shoulder area was the most common site of pain (women 32.9%, men 27.5%). Blue-collar workers and employers (including farmers) reported chronic pain to a greater extent than other groups. In 13% of the population, manifest pain problems were associated with reduced functional capacity. Examination of selected pain groups indicated a high proportion of unspecific musculoskeletal symptoms. Diagnosis with definite definitions, explaining the pains, were found in 40% of the individuals. Individuals with widespread pain had a higher pain intensity, more somatic symptoms, were more depressive and had the lowest scores for quality of life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 27. |
- Andersson, H. Ingemar, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Widespread musculoskeletal chronic pain associated with smoking : an epidemiological study in a general rural population
- 1998
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - 0036-5505 .- 1940-2228. ; 30:3, s. 185-191
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Data on smoking and pain symptoms from a random sample (n = 1806) of a general population were used to evaluate the association between chronic pain at various locations and smoking. In both genders current smoking was associated with reports of increased pain in low back, neck and with multiple locations. In a multiple logistic regression analysis current smoking was associated with an increase in widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.60, CI 1.04-2.46, in relation to non-smokers) and chronic low back pain (OR 1.58, CI 1.13-2.20, in relation to non-smokers). A dose-response relationship was found between the daily cigarette consumption and the prevalence of chronic low back pain. Smoking is associated not only with low back pain but also with chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain. No conclusive decrease in pain prevalence was found after quitting smoking. Further studies are necessary to elucidate an aetiologic relationship between smoking and chronic pain.
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| 28. |
- Andersson, Ingemar, 1950-
(author)
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Epidemiologi för hälsovetare : en introduktion
- 2006
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken ger en grundläggande beskrivning av arbetssätt, teorier och metoder inom epidemiologin. Med utgångspunkt i rubrikerna Beskriva, Analysera och Åtgärda förklaras begrepp och analysmetoder, olika typer av studier samt hur epidemiologin kan användas i hälsofrämjande syfte. Statistiska metoder, felkällor samt etiska frågeställningar relaterade till området behandlas och exempel på hur kunskapsområdet kan tillämpas på bland annat livsstilsfaktorer, infektioner och genetik presenteras. Författaren introducerar läsaren i ämnet epidemiologi på ett enkelt och tydligt sätt, bland annat med hjälp av konkreta exempel på arbetssätt och analysmöjligheter. Flera kapitel avslutas med studieuppgifter. Epidemiologi för hälsovetare vänder sig i första hand till universitets- och högskolestuderande inom vård- och folkhälsoområdet, det vill säga till blivande folkhälsovetare, sjuksköterskor, sjukgymnaster, socialarbetare och arbetsterapeuter, men även som introduktion under läkarutbildningen och till yrkesverksamma inom dessa områden. Till boken finns en webbplats med ett stort antal interaktiva övningar, faktafrågor, beräkningsuppgifter, simuleringar och länkar. Detta kompletterande material är ett bra stöd som gör det enkelt och roligt att ta till sig viktig kunskap.
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| 29. |
- Andersson, Ingemar, 1950-
(author)
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Epidemiologi för vård- och hälsovetenskaperna : en fördjupning
- 2013
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Epidemiologi för vård- och hälsovetenskaperna är avsedd som en fördjupning i epidemiologi för dem som tillägnat sig grunderna. Den vänder sig främst till universitets- och högskolestuderande inom vård- och hälsoområdet, d.v.s. till blivande folkhälsovetare, sjuksköterskor, läkare, apotekare, sjukgymnaster, socialarbetare och arbetsterapeuter. Den är också användbar för yrkesverksamma inom samma områden samt i forskningsmetodiska utbildningar.
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| 30. |
- Atroshi, Isam, et al.
(author)
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Primary care patients with musculoskeletal pain : value of health-status and sense-of-coherence measures in predicting long-term work disability
- 2002
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 31:4, s. 239-244
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate long-term sick leave among primary care patients with musculoskeletal disorders and the predictive value of health-status and sense-of-coherence measures. METHODS: Patients aged 17 to 64 years who, during seven weeks, attended one of six primary care centers because of non-traumatic musculoskeletal pain and who completed the SF-36 health questionnaire and the sense of coherence (SOC) scale at baseline and after one year. RESULTS: Of 189 patients, 36 (19%) were sicklisted for at least three months before and/or after their visit; the most common diagnoses were non-specific soft-tissue or multiple joint, low back, and shoulder pain. The long-term sicklisted patients had significantly worse baseline SF-36 and SOC scores than the non-sicklisted patients; moderate improvement in the SF-36 bodily pain but no improvement in the physical functioning scores occurred. The duration of sick leave at baseline and the SF-36 bodily pain score were significant predictors of continuos one-year work disability. CONCLUSION: Long-term sick leave was common among primary care patients with musculoskeletal pain. The physical functioning and return-to-work outcomes after one year were poor. The SF-36 bodily pain scale might be helpful in identifying at risk patients.
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| 31. |
- Bringsén, Åsa, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Development and quality analysis of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS)
- 2009
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 37:1, s. 13-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Current health measurement instruments tend to measureaspects of ill-health rather than health in general. There isa need for a salutogenic perspective when describing healthand developing a health measurement instrument. The aim of thisarticle is to present the development process and quality assessmentof a salutogenic health indicator scale. Methods: A descriptionof health, emanating from the concept of health, positive healthand well-being, was used as a basis for the construction ofthe scale. The scale is a semantic differential consisting of12 indicator items covering nine heath-related dimensions. Aprincipal component analysis was performed, and three healthindicator indexes were constructed. Correlation with self-ratedhealth questions was investigated, weighted kappa values werecalculated, and Cronbach's alpha (CA) was used to check internalconsistency. Results: The analysis resulted in a two-factormodel, and the indexes were named intrapersonal characteristics(CA= 0.90) and interactive function (CA= 0.84), summarised intohealth complete (CA= 0.92). Kappa values ranged from 0.44 to0.67, and correlations with self-rated health status were strongerthan those with self-rated sick-leave. Conclusions: Our healthdescription was characterized by complexity, but the instrumentis a short salutogenic health indicator scale. The shortnessincreases the usability. The instrument seems to be able tooffset the current problem of there being a lack of salutogenichealth measurement instruments. The results indicate that furthertesting is justified.
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| 32. |
- Bringsén, Åsa, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Health care staff's opinions about an individually controlled and flexible working time arrangement
- 2009
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionIn the health care sector shift work is common and a variety of flexible working hour arrangements have been implemented and evaluated. High variability of working hours is repeatedly being related to ill health, especially if the variability is company controlled. In order to minimize the harmful effects on health and psychosocial wellbeing individually controlled flexible working time arrangements have been put into practice. AimThe aim of this study was to explore health care staff’s opinions about their individually controlled and flexible working time arrangement. MethodsEight focus group interviews were conducted, between November 2002 and February 2003, at a medical emergency ward in a medium sized Swedish hospital. Sixteen nurses and 19 assistant nurses where mixed in the eight groups. The interviews aimed at being unstructured and the main question emanated from the aim of the study. The analysis was influenced by qualitative content analysis. Five interviews were chosen through a condensation process and these interviews were transcribed verbatim by an external secretary. ResultsTwo patterns of employees’ opinions were revealed. Some of the participants expressed a positive attitude towards their individually controlled and flexible working time arrangement. They enjoyed the possibility to adjust their working schedule to their family situation and leisure activities. The positive ones were also talking about a health promoting possibility for reflection and learning, emanating from frequently working with different co workers, as a result of the flexibility. These participants emphasised an importance of everyone taking part in the planning process and taking turns in adjusting their schedule after the needs of the establishment. Other participants linked the individually controlled and flexible working time arrangement to a negative experience. They talked about a time consuming planning process resulting in less predictable working hours. These participants wanted to have a permanent schedule so that they could adjust their private life after their working hours. The negative ones wanted work to be characterised by predictability and efficiency. They linked this type of work to knowing their co workers well, so that they knew what the other ones were doing without having to communicate while working. The latter group of participants were reluctant to adjusting their schedule after the needs of the establishment. ConclusionsIt seems as if an individually controlled and flexible working time arrangement can result in either positive or negative experiences. Negative feelings form the base for psychological and biological processes that might have a negative impact on health. It is therefore important to reflect on how we implement and organise individually controlled and flexible working time arrangements for employees to have positive experiences with opportunities for sustained or improved health.
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| 33. |
- Edén, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Quality of life among early retirees
- 1999
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In: Experimental Aging Research, 25(4). ; , s. 471-475
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Explanatory variables concerning poor quality of life (QL) were established among disability pensioners with musculoskeletal disorders and a control group. In both groups health status, leisure time activities, and social network were important for QL. Among the retirees immigration, employment before retirement and a negative attitude to the disability pension were related to poor QL.
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| 34. |
- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-
(author)
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Folkhälsovetenskap i ett hundraårigt perspektiv
- 2009
-
In: Andersson, Ingemar & Ejlertsson, Göran (red.). Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144040097 ; , s. 31-61
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 35. |
- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Measuring health indicators and work experiences in a salutogenic way : a Swedish developmental work
- 2009
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In: European Journal of Public Health 19 (Suppl. 1). ; , s. 174-
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Workplace health promotion activities and measures usually have an ill-health perspective. There is a need for a salutogenic perspective when measuring both health and work experiences. Such questionnaire instruments have previously been developed at Kristianstad University College and published (SHIS: Scand J Public Health, 2009. WEMS: WORK, 2009). The purpose is to present these two instruments together in relation to empirical data from hospital settings.
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| 36. |
- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Sickness presence is an important warning signal : a Swedish questionnaire study
- 2008
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In: European Journal of Public Health, 18(Suppl 1). ; , s. 214-
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Persons with sickness presence see their job as important and demanding, and also report both physical and mental health problems as well as high sickness absence. As working life of today often requires great efforts, the combination of sickness presence and sickness absence is alarming. Ambitious employees with bad health may cause themselves more severe health problems in the future. Further research is required to clarify the causality.
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| 37. |
- Ekelund, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Criterion-related validity of the last 7-day, short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Swedish adults
- 2006
-
In: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 9:2, s. 258-265
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To examine the validity of the short, last 7-day, self-administered form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). DESIGN: All subjects wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days and completed the IPAQ questionnaire on the eighth day. Criterion validity was assessed by linear regression analysis and by modified Bland-Altman analysis. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated for classifying respondents according to the physical activity guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. SETTING: Workplaces in Uppsala, Sweden. SUBJECTS: One hundred and eighty-five (87 males) participants, aged 20 to 69 years. RESULTS: Total self-reported physical activity (PA) (MET-min day(-1)) was significantly correlated with average intensity of activity (counts min(-1)) from accelerometry (r = 0.34, P < 0.001). Gender, age, education and body mass index did not affect this relationship. Further, subcomponents of self-reported PA (time spent sitting, time in PA, time in moderate and vigorous activity (MVPA)) were significantly correlated with objectively measured PA (P < 0.05). Self-reported time in PA was significantly different from time measured by accelerometry (mean difference: -25.9 min day(-1); 95% limits of agreement: -172 to 120 min day(-1); P < 0.001). IPAQ identified 77% (specificity) of those who met the current PA guidelines of accumulating more than 30 min day(-1) in MVPA as determined by accelerometry, whereas only 45% (sensitivity) of those not meeting the guidelines were classified correctly. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the short, last 7-days version of the IPAQ has acceptable criterion validity for use in Swedish adults. However, the IPAQ instrument significantly overestimated self-reported time spent in PA. The specificity to correctly classify people achieving current PA guidelines was acceptable, whereas the sensitivity was low.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Krejsler, John B., 1962-
(author)
-
Epistemologi, evidensbevægelse og folkesundhed
- 2009
-
In: Folkesundhed. - Köpenhamn : Dansk sygeplejeråd, Nyt Nordisk Forlag Arnold Busck. - 9788717040410 ; , s. 117-143
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Set fra et epistemologisk perspektiv omstruktureres medicin, social velfærd og uddannelse af evidensdiskursen, om end dette sker på forskellig vis. Vilkårene for folkesundhedsarbejde er følgelig under forandring. Inden for medicin er evidensdiskursen i høj grad vokset op internt i professionen. Med inspiration herfra overføres den af toneangivende politiske og administrative interessenter til social velfærd og uddannelse som krav oppefra. Denne policy-drevne spredning af evidensdiskursen skyldes i høj grad, at statslig befolkningspolitik og hermed folkesundhed er blevet del af en såkaldt global vidensøkonomi. Forskningsmæssig viden og mulige interventioner, som politikere og administratorer skal prioritere begrænsede skatteressourcer ud fra, stiger eksplosivt. Derfor stiger efterspørgslen efter instrumenter, der gør det muligt at foretage valg om, 'hvad der virker'. Og her synes evidensdiskursen på forførende vis at levere svaret. Denne udvikling synes at true mange professionsgrupper og deres særlige vidensformer. I kapitlet opfordres professionelle og andre derfor til at udfordre mulighederne i evidensdiskursen. Denne ingenlunde lette opgave foreslås påbegyndt ved at tage evidens til sig som en flydende betegner, der potentielt også dækker professionel og anden viden om, hvad der måtte virke i arbejdet med folkesundhed. En skelnen mellem eksterne og interne evidensformer foreslås for at synliggøre den kulturkamp, som kampen om evidensen og kriterierne for ‘hvad der virker' repræsenterer.
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| 40. |
- Smith, Danielle, et al.
(author)
-
Smoking environments and adololescent smoking : evidence from the Liverpool Longitudinal Smoking Study
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Environmental Health Research. - 1476-0932. ; 1:9, s. 33-41
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A variety of risk factors for adolescent smoking have been identified and explored, but few have focused on the influence of second-hand tobacco smoke on smoking initiation. Consideration of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke, and the influence this has on smoking initiation, is particularly important in the home and the school environment, as this is where young people spend the majority of their time. The Liverpool Longitudinal Smoking Study (LLSS) is a unique study funded by the Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation, established to investigate children’s knowledge, experiences and attitudes towards smoking using a wide range of innovative tools. The LLSS has tracked a single birth cohort of 253 young people from age five throughout their compulsory education. Using quantitative data from the secondary school phase of the study, this paper aims to address: Whether environmental smoking indicators (i.e. home smoking rules, perceived peer smoking and being in other smoky environments) predict (a) adolescents smoking trial, and (b) whether they have smoked in the last week. Data were analysed using Chi-Squared tests to test the strength of association, and logistic regression analysis to estimate the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for each potential risk factor. Children who attended schools with higher deprivation scores and had household rules that advocated smoking were found to be significant predictors of smoking trial. Significant predictors of weekly smoking were found to be higher home deprivation scores and household rules that advocated smoking. Although public smoking bans may prove successful in reducing adolescent smoking trial, our findings suggest there is a need to target socially deprived groups. Smoke-free home interventions should be used and supplemented by school-based initiatives to reduce adolescent transition to regular smoking.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Andersson, Anders-Petter, 1969-, et al.
(author)
-
Musical interaction for health improvement
- 2014
-
In: Oxford handbook of interactive audio. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199797226 ; , s. 247-262
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the past decade, tangible sensor technologies have matured and become less expensive and easier to use, leading to an explosion of innovative musical designs within video games, smartphone applications, and interactive art installations. Interactive audio has become an important design quality in commercially successful games like Guitar Hero , and a range of mobile phone applications motivating people to interact, play, dance, and collaborate with music. Parallel to the game, phone, and art scenes, an area of music and health research has grown, showing the positive results of using music to promote health and wellbeing in everyday situations and for a broad range of people, from children and elderly to people with psychological and physiological disabilities. Both quantitative medical and ecological humanistic research show that interaction with music can improve health, through music’s ability to evoke feelings, motivate people to interact, master, and cope with difficult situations, create social relations and experience shared meaning. Only recently, however, the music and health field has started to take interest in interactive audio, based on computer-mediated technologies’ potential for health improvement. Here, we show the potential of using interactive audio in what we call interactive musicking in the computer-based interactive environment Wave. Interactive musicking is based on musicologist Christopher Small’s concept “musicking”, meaning any form of relation-building that occurs between people, and people and things, related to activities that include music. For instance, musicking includes dancing, listening, and playing with music (in professional contexts and in amateur, everyday contexts). We have adapted the concept of "musicking" on the design of computer-based musical devices. The context for this chapter is the research project RHYME. RHYME is a multidisciplinary collaboration between the Centre for Music and Health at the Norwegian Academy of Music, the Oslo School of Architecture and Design (AHO), and Informatics at the University of Oslo. Our target group is families with children with severe disabilities. Our goal is to improve health and wellbeing in the families through everyday musicking activities in interactive environments. Our research approach is to use knowledge from music and health research, musical composition and improvisation, musical action research, musicology, music sociology, and soundscape studies, when designing the tangible interactive environments. Our focus here is interaction design and composition strategies, following research-by-design methodology, creating interactive musicking environments. We describe the research and design of the interactive musicking environment Wave, based on video documentation, during a sequence of actions. Our findings suggest some interactive audio design strategies to improve health. We base the design strategies on musical actions performed while playing an instrument, such as impulsive or iterative hitting, or sustainable stroking of an instrument. Musical actions like these can also be used for musicking in everyday contexts, creating direct sound responses to evoke feelings that create expectations and confirm interactions. In opposition to a more control-oriented, instrument and interface perspective, we argue that musical variation and narrative models can be used to design interactive audio, where the audio is seen as an actor taking many different roles, as instrument, co-musician, toy, etc. In this way, the audio and the interactive musicking environments will change over time, answering with direct response, as well as nose-thumbing and changing response, motivating creation, play, and social interaction. Musical variation can also be used to design musical backgrounds and soundscapes that can be used for creating layers of ambience. These models create a safe environment and contribute to shared meaning.
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| 44. |
- Nilsson, Petra, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Development and quality analysis of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS)
- 2010
-
In: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 35:2, s. 153-161
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Instruments related to work are commonly illuminated from an ill-health perspective. The need for a concise and useable instrument in workplace health promotion governed the aim of this paper which is to present the development process and quality assessment of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS). A survey, using a questionnaire based on established theories regarding work and health, and a focus group study were performed in hospital settings in 2005 and 2006 respectively. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to statistically develop a model, and focus group interviews were made to compare quantitative and qualitative results for convergence and corroboration. The PCA resulted in a six factor model of dimensions containing items regarding management, reorganization, internal work experience, pressure of time, autonomy and supportive working conditions. In the analysis of the focus group study three themes appeared and their underlying content was compared to, and matched, with the dimensions of the PCA. The reliability, shown by weighted kappa values, ranged from 0.36 to 0.71, and adequate Cronbach's Alpha values of the dimensions were all above 0.7. The study validity, indicated by discriminant validity, with correlation values that ranged from 0.10 to 0.39, in relation to the content validity appeared to be good when the theoretical content of the WEMS was compared to the content of similar instruments. The WEMS presents a multidimensional picture of work experience. Its theoretical base and the psychometric properties give support for applicability and offer a possibility to measure trends in the work experience over time in health care settings. One intention of the WEMS is to stimulate the ability of organizations and the employees themselves to take action on improving their work experience. The conciseness of the instrument is intended to increase its usability.
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| 45. |
- Nilsson, Petra, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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The work experience measurement scale (WEMS) : a useful tool in workplace health promotion
- 2013
-
In: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 45:3, s. 379-387
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To present validity data for the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS), an instrument measuring multifaceted work experience from a salutogenic health resource perspective as a contrast to the more common pathogenic risk perspective, by exploring WEMS relationship to established measurements that are positively related to health and work. A salutogenic perspective focuses on finding conditions and resources in life, for example at work, that can enhance the individual's health and strength, instead of those causing illness and weakness.METHOD: This study was carried out in 2009 at a Swedish hospital with a web-based survey (WEMS) to 770 employees. Different occupational groups at the hospital participated. Additional questionnaires used at the same time were the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS), the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE), and three questions about self-rated health, general well-being, and quality of life.RESULTS: Cronbach's Alpha of WEMS sub-indices were in the interval of 0.85—0.96. Convergent validity and discriminant validity of WEMS and its sub-indices were shown to be satisfying by correlations. In addition, WEMS demonstrated the ability to discriminate between groups. WEMS sub-indices discriminated even better between groups than the total index.CONCLUSION: The WEMS proved to be a workplace health promotion questionnaire that was able to measure experiences of work from a salutogenic perspective. The WEMS has a potential of being a useful tool in workplace health promotion to enhance positive human capabilities and resources to improve work performance.
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| 46. |
-
Partnerships for sustainable health care systems : the International Medical Program approach
- 2020
-
Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The International Medical Program (IMP) is unique in Region Östergötland by its contribution to better health care both locally and globally. The pro-gramme generates opportunities for individuals to gain new experience, de-velop as professionals, and at the same time, support the health care system in low- and middle-income countries. An international knowledge-sharing environment for health care contributes to an increased standard of global health and Region Östergötland is proud to be a part of that.Great value is added when Swedish health care professionals establish con-tact with other health care systems and cultures. It allows them to contribute with their knowledge and treat diseases that are uncommon in Sweden, often under conditions that can differ significantly from their usual working con-ditions.Another advantage is the gain in recruitment as a result of the stimulat-ing and educational experience for employees. Curious and knowledgeable employees find great satisfaction in the exchanges and the experiences they receive. Cooperation with our partner countries is not primarily about aid. It is a mutual exchange that generates added value for all parties.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Sollerhed, Ann-Christin, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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Physical benefits of expanded physical education in primary school : findings from a 3-year intervention study in Sweden
- 2008
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 18:1, s. 102-107
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess whether a school-based program with expanded physical education lessons was effective in increasing children's physical capacity and in preventing excessive weight gain in children. The study performed in 2000-2003 comprised 132 children, 73 boys and 59 girls at baseline 6-9 years and in follow-up 9-12 years, attending two different schools with a similar size, appearance and structure in a rural area. The norm school (N-school) followed the stipulated curricular time, one to two physical education lessons a week, while the intervention school (I-school) increased it to four lessons. More positive changes in physical index (the sum of the age-standardized results in 11 physical tests) were found among children in the I-school than in the N-school. The number of children who increased body mass index (BMI) increased in both schools, but a lower increase in BMI could be seen in the I-school. Expanded physical education lessons could increase physical status among both overweight and normal-weight children, in particular aerobic fitness. The weekly dose of physical activity must be higher than 40 min a day and must start earlier in children's life to be more effective in combating BMI increase.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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