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1.	Kavathatzopoulos, Iordanis (författare) New technologies in the education of native language 2004 Ingår i: Greek language education in Scandinavia. ; , s. 73-76 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Education in mother tongue as well as any education, demands the use of adequate methods and tools to be effective. New technology offers many possibilities for this purpose. In the present paper different IT solutions are discussed and their contribution to the goal of learning the mother tongue are examined. Necessary conditions for successful learning are supposed to be the careful choice and the continuous adaptation of used IT tools to the psychological learning process of the child.
2.	Amundin, Mats, et al. (författare) A proposal to use distributional models to analyse dolphin vocalisation 2017 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Vocal Interactivity in-and-between Humans, Animals and Robots, VIHAR 2017. - 9782956202905 ; , s. 31-32 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This paper gives a brief introduction to the starting points of an experimental project to study dolphin communicative behaviour using distributional semantics, with methods implemented for the large scale study of human language.
3.	Wilhelmsson, Kenneth, 1976 (författare) Autentiska och artificiella frågor till svensk text Automatisk frågegenerering jämfört med användares frågor för informationsåtkomst : Authentic and artificial questions to Swedish text Automatically generated questions versus user-generated questions for information access 2015 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Informationssökning mot ostrukturerade datakällor som fri text är ett av de områden där användargränssnitt med fri formulering i naturligt språk har tagits fram. I ett sådant, eventuellt AI-betonat, system kan några grundläggande svårigheter från användarperspektivet märkas. En sådan svårighet är att en användare inte känner till huruvida en fråga som hon avser att ställa egentligen kan besvaras av den aktuella texten. Denna svårighet, tillsammans med andra, som de kraftiga variationsmöjligheterna för formen för ett giltigt svar på en ställd fråga, riskerar att leda till att användarintrycken av systemtypen blir negativa. De moment som behöver ingå i ett sådant frågebaserat informationssystems funktionssätt måste på något sätt inbegripa en mappning av frågeled i frågan (t.ex. när) till den form och grammatisk funktion som svaret i texten måste ha (för frågan när normalt ett tidsadverbial). Bland annat denna iakttagelse inbjuder till användning av automatisk frågegenerering (question generation, QG). Frågegenerering innebär att frågor som en naturlig text besvarar initialt utvinns av ett program som samlar in dem i explicit form. Tanken för användning i informationssökning är att en användare i gränssnittet enbart ska kunna ställa just dessa frågor, vilka faktiskt besvaras av texten. Denna studie gäller just de frågor som ett automatiskt frågegenereringssystem för svenska kan, och genom vidare utveckling, skulle kunna generera för godtycklig digital svensk text. Även om mängden automatiskt genererade frågor och frågeformuleringar kan bli mycket stor, utrymmesmässigt många gånger större än ursprungstexten, så är det tydligt att den beskrivna metoden för frågegenerering för svenska inte kan och troligen inte heller kommer att kunna förmås att skapa alla de frågor och frågeformuleringar som en vanlig användare skulle anse att en viss text besvarar. Men hur väl fungerar då automatiskt genererade frågor i detta sammanhang? Denna uppsats kretsar kring en användarundersökning där undersökningsdeltagare har ombetts att formulera frågor som texter besvarar, och som anses vara relevanta frågor. Den resulterande samlingen frågor undersöktes och kategoriserades. Resultatet av undersökningens huvudfråga visar att bara 20-25 % av användarnas frågeformuleringar skulle kunna genereras direkt automatiskt med aktuell ansats – utan vissa informationstekniska förbättringar. Uppsatsen föreslår viss ny terminologi för detta outforskade område, bl.a. för att skilja mellan de olika grader av processkrav som generering av olika frågeslag från text kräver.
4.	Wilhelmsson, Kenneth, 1976 (författare) Huvudansatser för parsningsmetoder. Om programutvecklingens förutsättningar i en svensk kontext 2016 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Syftet med denna text var att ge en inblick i området (syntaktisk) parsning. Tanken var att ge en bild av utvecklingen som var 1) fri från alltför tekniska detaljer, då området är programmeringstekniskt, och 2) beskriven ur ett svenskt perspektiv. Bakgrunden till valet av ämne till texten, som var tänkt att finnas med i antologin Text och kontext, var att parsning är relativt okänt för många personer verksamma inom närliggande områden, samtidigt som det är ett absolut nyckelbegrepp för den som ägnar sig åt datorlingvistik eller språkteknologi. Målet var alltså att ge en ganska allmän utifrånblick på några centrala sidor av utvecklingen, samtidigt som det tydligt är så att den som själv arbetat med utveckling kan ha starka åsikter och preferenser rörande metodval, något som i ärlighetens namn kanske inte heller denna text är lösgjord från. Hur ska det göras? Konsten att utveckla automatisk syntaxanalys av naturlig text kan läras ut från ett flertal perspektiv. Det kan t.ex. ske med fokus på användandet av en viss grammatikformalism, med fokus på beräkningssnabbhet, med fokus på entydiggörande av möjliga ambiguiteter. Tolkningsval kan göras med hjälp av antingen handskrivna regler eller inhämtad statistik. En sorts huvudtema i denna text är hur metoder för parsning på senare år uppvisar förändringar som kanske kan förklaras med att programmen har fått andra användningsområden och att metoderna har anpassats därefter (en annan tolkning är att flera senare system inte längre gör parsning i strikt mening). När detta tänkta ”kapitel” var färdigt fick det kommentaren att det inte var anpassat för antologins målgrupp. Det fick skrivas en annan kapiteltext, men det kom samtidigt ett förslag att publicera texten om parsning här som denna rapport.
5.	Schötz, Susanne, et al. (författare) Phonetic Characteristics of Domestic Cat Vocalisations 2017 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Vocal Interactivity in-and-between Humans, Animals and Robots, VIHAR 2017. - 9782956202905 ; , s. 5-6 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The cat (Felis catus, Linneaus 1758) has lived around or with humans for at least 10,000 years, and is now one of the most popular pets of the world with more than 600 millionindividuals. Domestic cats have developed a more extensive, variable and complex vocal repertoire than most other members of the Carnivora, which may be explained by their social organisation, their nocturnal activity and the long period of association between mother and young. Still, we know surprisingly little about the phonetic characteristics of these sounds, and about the interaction between cats and humans.Members of the research project Melody in human–cat communication (Meowsic) investigate the prosodic characteristics of cat vocalisations as well as the communication between human and cat. The first step includes a categorisation of cat vocalisations. In the next step it will be investigated how humans perceive the vocal signals of domestic cats. This paper presents an outline of the project which has only recently started.
6.	Chatterjee, Bapi, 1982 (författare) Lock-free Concurrent Search 2017 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The contemporary computers typically consist of multiple computing cores with high compute power. Such computers make excellent concurrent asynchronous shared memory system. On the other hand, though many celebrated books on data structure and algorithm provide a comprehensive study of sequential search data structures, unfortunately, we do not have such a luxury if concurrency comes in the setting. The present dissertation aims to address this paucity. We describe novel lock-free algorithms for concurrent data structures that target a variety of search problems. (i) Point search (membership query, predecessor query, nearest neighbour query) for 1-dimensional data: Lock-free linked-list; lock-free internal and external binary search trees (BST). (ii) Range search for 1-dimensional data: A range search method for lock-free ordered set data structures - linked-list, skip-list and BST. (iii) Point search for multi-dimensional data: Lock-free kD-tree, specially, a generic method for nearest neighbour search. We prove that the presented algorithms are linearizable i.e. the concurrent data structure operations intuitively display their sequential behaviour to an observer of the concurrent system. The lock-freedom in the introduced algorithms guarantee overall progress in an asynchronous shared memory system. We present the amortized analysis of lock-free data structures to show their efficiency. Moreover, we provide sample implementations of the algorithms and test them over extensive micro-benchmarks. Our experiments demonstrate that the implementations are scalable and perform well when compared to related existing alternative implementations on common multi-core computers. Our focus is on propounding the generic methodologies for efficient lock-free concurrent search. In this direction, we present the notion of help-optimality, which captures the optimization of amortized step complexity of the operations. In addition to that, we explore the language-portable design of lock-free data structures that aims to simplify an implementation from programmer’s point of view. Finally, our techniques to implement lock-free linearizable range search and nearest neighbour search are independent of the underlying data structures and thus are adaptive to similar data structures.
7.	Kalimikeraki, Katerina, et al. (författare) Computer assisted second language learning 2005 Ingår i: Open and Distance Education and Education Technology. - 1790-3254. ; 1:2, s. 74-97 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To teach Greek and to teach in Greek are two different things. Children who learn Greek as a second/foreign language are expected to manage both conditions simultaneously. That is, to learn the language as well as all the curriculum taught in this language: history, geography, religion, science etc. Compared to their classmates, who are native speakers, these children have to work double as hard to keep up with the rest of the class. Different approaches have been applied in recent years to facilitate second language acquisition in elementary schools all over the world. Pioneers in the field of education have argued that educators must find stimulating methods to mobilize their students’ intelligences in order to achieve their pedagogical goals. Based on the indisputable assumption that children today are enveloped by the world of high-tech media and that computer games can be highly addictive, educators can borrow from the entertainment industry and create engaging and successful gateways to learning. In the appealing environment of the “virtual classroom” and with the appropriate “mind tool” at hand, both learning of a second language and learning in that second language can be effectively enhanced. Based on psychological research on language and learning we will discuss different ways to use certain ICT (Information and Communication Technology) systems in Greek language education and to create a home language environment at distance. Our main hypothesis is that learning and using Greek presupposes real activities in a Greek language environment and that information technology systems have the ability to create such an environment. The paper describes a number of computer assisted project-based lessons on second language learning and presents their theoretical background.
8.	Kalimikeraki, Katerina, et al. (författare) Computers as thinking tools for the acquisition of second language 2006 Ingår i: Educator as researcher. - : 2nd Bureau of Elementary Education of East Attica, Koropi GR. - 9606312151 ; , s. 139-149 Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Many different approaches have taken place recently to facilitate second language learning in elementary schools throughout the world. Research in this area shows that teachers have to use the suitable motivators to stimulate pupils' thinking in order to achieve their educational goals. Children live in a world dominated by information technology therefore computer games may be used for educational purposes and to create a successful and pleasant learning environment. Our main hypothesis is that learning and use of Greek language demand real activities in a Greek language environment, and that systems of information technology have the ability to create such an environment that supports learning.
9.	Lindgren, Helena, Professor, et al. (författare) The wasp-ed AI curriculum : A holistic curriculum for artificial intelligence 2023 Ingår i: INTED2023 Proceedings. - : IATED. - 9788409490264 ; , s. 6496-6502 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Efforts in lifelong learning and competence development in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been on the rise for several years. These initiatives have mostly been applied to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Even though there has been significant development in Digital Humanities to incorporate AI methods and tools in higher education, the potential for such competences in Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences is far from being realised. Furthermore, there is an increasing awareness that the STEM disciplines need to include competences relating to AI in humanity and society. This is especially important considering the widening and deepening of the impact of AI on society at large and individuals. The aim of the presented work is to provide a broad and inclusive AI Curriculum that covers the breadth of the topic as it is seen today, which is significantly different from only a decade ago. It is important to note that with the curriculum we mean an overview of the subject itself, rather than a particular education program. The curriculum is intended to be used as a foundation for educational activities in AI to for example harmonize terminology, compare different programs, and identify educational gaps to be filled. An important aspect of the curriculum is the ethical, legal, and societal aspects of AI and to not limit the curriculum to the STEM subjects, instead extending to a holistic, human-centred AI perspective. The curriculum is developed as part of the national research program WASP-ED, the Wallenberg AI and transformative technologies education development program.
10.	Yun, Yixiao, 1987, et al. (författare) Maximum-Likelihood Object Tracking from Multi-View Video by Combining Homography and Epipolar Constraints 2012 Ingår i: 6th ACM/IEEE Int'l Conf on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC 12), Oct 30 - Nov.2, 2012, Hong Kong. - 9781450317726 ; , s. 6 pages- Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This paper addresses problem of object tracking in occlusion scenarios, where multiple uncalibrated cameras with overlapping fields of view are used. We propose a novel method where tracking is first done independently for each view and then tracking results are mapped between each pair of views to improve the tracking in individual views, under the assumptions that objects are not occluded in all views and move uprightly on a planar ground which may induce a homography relation between each pair of views. The tracking results are mapped by jointly exploiting the geometric constraints of homography, epipolar and vertical vanishing point. Main contributions of this paper include: (a) formulate a reference model of multi-view object appearance using region covariance for each view; (b) define a likelihood measure based on geodesics on a Riemannian manifold that is consistent with the destination view by mapping both the estimated positions and appearances of tracked object from other views; (c) locate object in each individual view based on maximum likelihood criterion from multi-view estimations of object position. Experiments have been conducted on videos from multiple uncalibrated cameras, where targets experience long-term partial or full occlusions. Comparison with two existing methods and performance evaluations are also made. Test results have shown effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of robustness against tracking drifts caused by occlusions.
11.	Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al. (författare) Visual Analysis of Sentiment and Stance in Social Media Texts 2018 Ingår i: EuroVis 2018 - Posters. - : Eurographics - European Association for Computer Graphics. - 9783038680659 ; , s. 49-51 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Despite the growing interest for visualization of sentiments and emotions in textual data, the task of detecting and visualizing various stances is not addressed well by the existing approaches. The challenges associated with this task include development of the underlying computational methods and visualization of the corresponding multi-label stance classification results. In this poster abstract, we describe the ongoing work on a visual analytics platform called StanceVis Prime, which is designed for analysis of sentiment and stance in temporal text data from various social media data sources. Our approach consumes documents from several text stream sources, applies sentiment and stance classification, and provides end users with both an overview of the resulting data series and a detailed view for close reading and examination of the classifiers’ output. The intended use case scenarios for StanceVis Prime include social media monitoring and research in sociolinguistics.
12.	Kucher, Kostiantyn, Dr. 1989-, et al. (författare) An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Evaluation and Experimental Design for Visual Text Analytics : Position Paper 2022 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE Workshop on Evaluation and Beyond — Methodological Approaches to Visualization (BELIV '22). - : IEEE. - 9798350396294 - 9798350396300 ; , s. 28-37 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Appropriate evaluation and experimental design are fundamental for empirical sciences, particularly in data-driven fields. Due to the successes in computational modeling of languages, for instance, research outcomes are having an increasingly immediate impact on end users. As the gap in adoption by end users decreases, the need increases to ensure that tools and models developed by the research communities and practitioners are reliable, trustworthy, and supportive of the users in their goals. In this position paper, we focus on the issues of evaluating visual text analytics approaches. We take an interdisciplinary perspective from the visualization and natural language processing communities, as we argue that the design and validation of visual text analytics include concerns beyond computational or visual/interactive methods on their own. We identify four key groups of challenges for evaluating visual text analytics approaches (data ambiguity, experimental design, user trust, and "big picture" concerns) and provide suggestions for research opportunities from an interdisciplinary perspective.
13.	Kalimikeraki, Katerina, et al. (författare) Υπολογιστές ως Εργαλεία Μυαλού για την Απόκτηση Δεύτερης Γλώσσας 2006 Ingår i: Διδακτική της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας ως Δεύτερης Ξένης. - Θεσσαλονίκη : University Studio Press. - 9601215123 ; , s. 215-230 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The students who are taught Greek as a second or foreigner language are in many cases expected to face two educational processes simultaneously. They have to learn the language as well as all the school subjects taught in this language: history, geography, religion, physics etc Compared to their schoolmates, who are functioning in the familiar environment of their mother language, these students should make double the effort and work twice as hard in order to keep pace with the rest of the class. A lot of different pedagogic approaches have been applied over the years in order to facilitate the learning of a second language in the elementary schools around the world. The experts in the field of education support that the teachers should find suitable motives in order to mobilise their students’ potentials so that their academic objectives are achieved. Based on the reality that the children today are surrounded by numerous high technology media and that the fashionable computer games can be particularly addictive, the teachers can borrow from the industry of entertainment and create pleasant and effective conditions of teaching. In the attractive environment of the "virtual class" and with the suitable "mind tool" accessible to the students, so much the learning of a second language as well as the learning of the subjects taught in this language can be promoted successfully. Moreover, the Greek school teachers that travel in many different countries in order to teach the Greek language to the children of immigrants, can surely benefit from such educational software and facilitate their mission by participating in the "school-twinning" networks of the world. After briefly reviewing the psychological theories of language learning and acquisition, we will discuss the possibilities and weaknesses of using certain technical systems in the classroom for the conquest of a second language. Our main hypothesis is that the learning and the usage of the Greek language presupposes real activities in a Greek linguistic environment and that the systems of technology and information have the possibility of creating such an environment that will strengthen the learning. The presentation will try to address the issues generated above.
14.	Beckerman, Carina, 1956- (författare) Implications of Transforming the Patient Record into a Knowledge Management System : Initiating a Movement of Coordination and Enhancement 2008 Ingår i: The ICFAI University Journal of Knowledge Management. - New Dehli : The ICFAI University Press. - 0972-9216. ; Nov:6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Today there is often a need to re-innovate who you are and what you do and re-think the tools that are used and the business models that guide action. The purpose of this paper is to show how transforming a document, such as a patient record, might start a horizontal and vertical movement, a movement of coordination and enhancement in an organizational setting, such as a hospital clinic. The observations presented here and the conclusions drawn were obtained during a three year case study following implications of constructing and computerizing a patient record at three different hospitals. The results were then analyzed, interpreted and discussed within a framework combining theories about knowledge management and with cognitive theories about use of interpretative schemes and representations. This paper tries to look beyond the implications of reconstructing a patient record on a micro-level or explore if it is good or bad to computerize it. Instead this paper theorizes about how re-thinking the interpretative scheme for what a patient record is and how it may be used might restructure a health care setting. It proposes that what the employees want to achieve with the knowledge management system depends on what strategy they have for it.
15.	Lesser-known languages of South Asia : Status and policies, case studies and applications of Information Technology 2006 Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
16.	Norlund, Tobias, 1991, et al. (författare) Transferring Knowledge from Vision to Language: How to Achieve it and how to Measure it? 2021 Ingår i: Proceedings of the Fourth BlackboxNLP Workshop on Analyzing and Interpreting Neural Networks for NLP, pp. 149-162, Punta Cana, Dominican Republic. - : Association for Computational Linguistics. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Large language models are known to suffer from the hallucination problem in that they are prone to output statements that are false or inconsistent, indicating a lack of knowledge. A proposed solution to this is to provide the model with additional data modalities that complements the knowledge obtained through text. We investigate the use of visual data to complement the knowledge of large language models by proposing a method for evaluating visual knowledge transfer to text for uni- or multimodal language models. The method is based on two steps, 1) a novel task querying for knowledge of memory colors, i.e. typical colors of well-known objects, and 2) filtering of model training data to clearly separate knowledge contributions. Additionally, we introduce a model architecture that involves a visual imagination step and evaluate it with our proposed method. We find that our method can successfully be used to measure visual knowledge transfer capabilities in models and that our novel model architecture shows promising results for leveraging multimodal knowledge in a unimodal setting.
17.	Proceedings of the workshop on Nordic language research infrastructure at NODALIDA 2013, May 22-24, 2013, Oslo, Norway : NEALT Proceedings Series 20 2013 Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
18.	Henkel, Martin, et al. (författare) Language technology for eGovernment - business cases 2014 Ingår i: New Perspectives in Information Systems and Technologies, Volume 1. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319059501 ; , s. 83-95, s. 83-95 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Language technologies and tools, such as text mining, information extraction, and question and answering systems, have been developed during many years. These technologies are becoming mature and should be ready for deployment in private and public organizations. However, little focus has been paid to how these technologies can be applied to tackle real-world problems within organizations. In this paper, we present a set of business cases where language technologies can have a significant impact on public organizations, including their business processes and services. We describe how each business case can influence the service quality, as seen from a consumer perspective, and the business processes efficiency, as seen from a public organizational perspective. The business cases are based on, and exemplified with, cases from large Swedish public organizations.
19.	Interactive Storytelling : 16th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2023, Kobe, Japan, November 11–15, 2023, Proceedings, Part I 2023 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract This two-volume set LNCS 14383 and LNCS 14384 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2023, held in Kobe, Japan, during November 11–15, 2023.The 30 full papers presented in this book together with 11 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 101 submissions. Additionally, the proceedings includes 22 Late Breaking Works. The papers focus on topics such as: theory, history and foundations; social and cultural contexts; tools and systems; interactive narrative design; virtual worlds, performance, games and play; applications and case studies; and late breaking works.
20.	Interactive Storytelling : 16th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2023, Kobe, Japan, November 11–15, 2023, Proceedings, Part II 2023 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract This two-volume set LNCS 14383 and LNCS 14384 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2023, held in Kobe, Japan, during November 11–15, 2023.The 30 full papers presented in this book together with 11 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 101 submissions. Additionally, the proceedings includes 22 Late Breaking Works. The papers focus on topics such as: theory, history and foundations; social and cultural contexts; tools and systems; interactive narrative design; virtual worlds, performance, games and play; applications and case studies; and late breaking works.
21.	Ellison, Magnus, et al. (författare) En implementation för domänoberoende textkategorisering 2001 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
22.	Yu, Yinan, 1985, et al. (författare) climateBUG: A data-driven framework for analyzing bank reporting through a climate lens 2024 Ingår i: Expert Systems with Applications. - 0957-4174 .- 1873-6793. ; 239 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper applies computational linguistics learning methods to the banking industry and climate change fields. We introduce our data-driven framework, climateBUG, with the aim of detecting latent information about how banks discuss their activities related to climate change using natural language processing (NLP). This framework consists of an ingestion pipeline, a configurable database, and a set of API’s. In addition, climateBUG offers two standalone components, namely a unique annotated corpus of approximately 1.1M statements from EU banks’ annual and sustainability reporting and a deep learning model adapted to the semantics of the corpus. When benchmarking on classification performance, our model outperforms other models with similar scopes due to its stronger domain relevance. We also provide examples of how the framework can be applied from a user perspective.
23.	Kucher, Kostiantyn, 1989-, et al. (författare) StanceVis Prime : Visual Analysis of Sentiment and Stance in Social Media Texts 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Visualization. - : Springer. - 1343-8875 .- 1875-8975. ; 23:6, s. 1015-1034 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Text visualization and visual text analytics methods have been successfully applied for various tasks related to the analysis of individual text documents and large document collections such as summarization of main topics or identification of events in discourse. Visualization of sentiments and emotions detected in textual data has also become an important topic of interest, especially with regard to the data originating from social media. Despite the growing interest for this topic, the research problem related to detecting and visualizing various stances, such as rudeness or uncertainty, has not been adequately addressed by existing approaches. The challenges associated with this problem include development of the underlying computational methods and visualization of the corresponding multi-label stance classification results. In this paper, we describe our work on a visual analytics platform, called StanceVis Prime, which has been designed for the analysis of sentiment and stance in temporal text data from various social media data sources. The use case scenarios intended for StanceVis Prime include social media monitoring and research in sociolinguistics. The design was motivated by the requirements of collaborating domain experts in linguistics as part of a larger research project on stance analysis. Our approach involves consuming documents from several text stream sources and applying sentiment and stance classification, resulting in multiple data series associated with source texts. StanceVis Prime provides the end users with an overview of similarities between the data series based on dynamic time warping analysis, as well as detailed visualizations of data series values. Users can also retrieve and conduct both distant and close reading of the documents corresponding to the data series. We demonstrate our approach with case studies involving political targets of interest and several social media data sources and report preliminary user feedback received from a domain expert.
24.	Neiberg, Daniel, et al. (författare) Emotion Recognition in Spontaneous Speech Using GMMs 2006 Ingår i: INTERSPEECH 2006 AND 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPOKEN LANGUAGE PROCESSING. - BAIXAS : ISCA-INST SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSOC. ; , s. 809-812, s. 101-104 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Automatic detection of emotions has been evaluated using standard Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients, MFCCs, and a variant, MFCC-low, calculated between 20 and 300 Hz, in order to model pitch. Also plain pitch features have been used. These acoustic features have all been modeled by Gaussian mixture models, GMMs, on the frame level. The method has been tested on two different corpora and languages; Swedish voice controlled telephone services and English meetings. The results indicate that using GMMs on the frame level is a feasible technique for emotion classification. The two MFCC methods have similar performance, and MFCC-low outperforms the pitch features. Combining the three classifiers significantly improves performance.
25.	Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al. (författare) Visual Analysis of Online Social Media to Open Up the Investigation of Stance Phenomena 2016 Ingår i: Information Visualization. - : Sage Publications. - 1473-8716 .- 1473-8724. ; 15:2, s. 93-116 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Online social media are a perfect text source for stance analysis. Stance in human communication is concerned with speaker attitudes, beliefs, feelings and opinions. Expressions of stance are associated with the speakers' view of what they are talking about and what is up for discussion and negotiation in the intersubjective exchange. Taking stance is thus crucial for the social construction of meaning. Increased knowledge of stance can be useful for many application fields such as business intelligence, security analytics, or social media monitoring. In order to process large amounts of text data for stance analyses, linguists need interactive tools to explore the textual sources as well as the processed data based on computational linguistics techniques. Both original texts and derived data are important for refining the analyses iteratively. In this work, we present a visual analytics tool for online social media text data that can be used to open up the investigation of stance phenomena. Our approach complements traditional linguistic analysis techniques and is based on the analysis of utterances associated with two stance categories: sentiment and certainty. Our contributions include (1) the description of a novel web-based solution for analyzing the use and patterns of stance meanings and expressions in human communication over time; and (2) specialized techniques used for visualizing analysis provenance and corpus overview/navigation. We demonstrate our approach by means of text media on a highly controversial scandal with regard to expressions of anger and provide an expert review from linguists who have been using our tool.
26.	Gustavsson, Per M., 1965-, et al. (författare) Machine Interpretable Representation of Commander's Intent 2008 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 13th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (13th ICCRTS). Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The Network-Centric approach envisioned in the Global Information Grid enables the interconnection of systems in a dynamic and flexible architecture to support multi-lateral, civilian and military missions. Constantly changing environments require commanders to plan for missions that allow organizations from various nations and agencies to join or separate from the teams performing the missions, depending on the situation, as missions unfold. The uncertainty within an actual mission, and the variety of potential organizations that support the mission after it is underway, makes Command Intent (CI) a critical concept for the mission team. With new and innovative information technologies, CI can now be made available to the team of organizations in a coalition environment. Using a flexible and linguistically based approach for representing CI allows Intent to be interpreted and processed by all participants – both humans and machines. CI representations need to be able to express mission team’s purpose, the anticipated End-State of the mission and desired key tasks. In this work, the expression of CI is developed to enable the structure and dynamics of collaboration support.
27.	Intelligent CALL, granular systems and learner data: short papers from EUROCALL 2022 2022 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The 2022 EUROCALL conference was held in Reykjavik on 17-19 August 2022 as a fully online event hosted by the Vigdís Finnbogadóttir Institute for Foreign Languages, the University of Iceland, and the Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies. The conference theme was Intelligent CALL, granular systems and learner data. This theme reflects the newest developments in the field of technology for language learning. Subfields such as natural language processing and machine learning not only enable smoother spoken and written communication between human learners and computers, but also offer ways in which language learning can be tailored to the needs of individual learners. By adding components of automatic speech recognition, text-to-speech systems, automatic feedback mechanisms, and tracking systems monitoring learners’ progress and their use of tools, applications are becoming better targeted. All of this is used to optimise the learning experience of individual learners. This volume includes 66 short papers by some of the EUROCALL 2022 presenters and it offers a combination of research studies and theoretical papers reflecting the subthemes of the conference. The articles are ordered alphabetically.
28.	Brauer, Rene, et al. (författare) The digital shaping of humanities research : The emergence of Topic Modeling within historical studies 2014 Ingår i: DASTS 2014 Conference: “Enacting Futures”, Danish Association for Science and Technology Studies (DASTS), Roskilde University, 12–13 June 2014, Roskilde, Denmark. ; , s. 52-52 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The epistemological affordances of technologies such as the Internet and computers are – yet again – offering promising and threatening opportunities to reshape humanistic research. The large digitization efforts within humanities has created new kinds of ‘big data’ textual source materials only a ’mouse click away’ (e.g. Google books, JSTOR or the Bodleian Digital Library). This socio-technical development presents new epistemological challenges for research within various humanities disciplines. To aid this effort, some researchers are turning to new kinds of (digital) data-mining methods to tackle this complexity. The subject of this study, topic modeling (TM) is such a digital humanities method. The presentation systematically surveys academic applications of topic modelling – an algorithm that parameterizes word concurrences – within historical research. The aim is to answer questions such as; what are the stated benefits of TM, whether there is qualitative differences between TM and traditional methods, and what new epistemological challenges TM creates for historical research? Our starting point is 2004 with the first peer-reviewed historical article and end point in 2013 with the publication of a special journal issue on applications of TM. Our preliminary results show that TM indeed affords new possibilities of innovative qualitative approaches in historical research. However, for all practical purposes TM is, as of yet, not a ‘black-boxed technology’ as many of its key variables still lack general agreed upon standards. This incorporation of TM within historical studies appears to be analogues to earlier developments in disciplines such as; human geography or psychology. These earlier introductions of quantitative tools and methodologies into previously qualitatively dominated disciplines ultimately changed the character of these disciplines. If this will occur within historical studies or humanities remains to be seen.
29.	Ul Muram, Faiz, et al. (författare) ATTEST : Automating the review and update of assurance case arguments 2023 Ingår i: Journal of systems architecture. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1383-7621 .- 1873-6165. ; 134 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The assurance case arguments are created to demonstrate acceptable system safety and/or security. In this regard, a series of propositions expressed by natural language statements (claims) are broken down into sub-claims representing a logical chain of reasoning until the corresponding evidence is obtained. The review and update of assurance arguments for aligning with the process and product counterparts used for their construction are essential tasks. These tasks are perceived as challenging but can be efficiently supported by using Natural Language Processing (NLP). To date, however, the published studies on assurance cases have not leveraged the NLP. Accordingly, this paper presents our NLP-based assurance framework called ATTEST. At first, the text preprocessing is carried out by using NLP tasks. The rules are created, in which both syntactic and semantic features are captured. The former is captured by using NLP tasks, while the latter is captured by the internal structure of models as well as the mappings across them. The created rules are triggered for argument comprehension, well-formedness, sufficiency checks, and identifying defeaters and counter-evidence selection. Besides the process, product, and assurance case models produced during the design and development phase, the operational data is gathered from the configured simulation environments and used for identifying problems as well as the measures for resolving them. Finally, the affected parts of assurance case models are highlighted and the underlying reasoning for their adaptation is presented. The applicability of the proposed framework is demonstrated by reviewing and updating assurance cases constructed for vehicular Accelerator Control System (ACS) with Electronic Throttle Control (ETC). © 2022 The Author(s)
30.	Lambers, L., et al. (författare) Granularity of conflicts and dependencies in graph transformation systems: A two-dimensional approach 2019 Ingår i: Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-2208 .- 2352-2216. ; 103, s. 105-129 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Conflict and dependency analysis (CDA) is a static analysis for the detection of conflicting and dependent rule applications in a graph transformation system. The state-of-the-art CDA technique, critical pair analysis, provides all potential conflicts and dependencies in minimal context as critical pairs, for each pair of rules. Yet, critical pairs can be hard to understand; users are mainly interested in core information about conflicts and dependencies occurring in various combinations. In this paper, we present an approach to conflicts and dependencies in graph transformation systems based on two dimensions of granularity. The first dimension refers to the overlap considered between the rules of a given rule pair; the second one refers to the represented amount of context information about transformations in which the conflicts occur. We introduce a variety of new conflict notions, in particular, conflict atoms, conflict reasons, and minimal conflict reasons, relate them to the existing conflict notions of critical pairs and initial conflicts, and position all of these notions within our granularity approach. Finally, we introduce dual concepts for dependency analysis. As we discuss in a running example, our approach paves the way for an improved CDA technique. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
31.	Singh, Avinash, 1986-, et al. (författare) Verbal explanations by collaborating robot teams 2021 Ingår i: Paladyn - Journal of Behavioral Robotics. - : De Gruyter Open. - 2080-9778 .- 2081-4836. ; 12:1, s. 47-57 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this article, we present work on collaborating robot teams that use verbal explanations of their actions and intentions in order to be more understandable to the human. For this, we introduce a mechanism that determines what information the robots should verbalize in accordance with Grice’s maxim of quantity, i.e., convey as much information as is required and no more or less. Our setup is a robot team collaborating to achieve a common goal while explaining in natural language what they are currently doing and what they intend to do. The proposed approach is implemented on three Pepper robots moving objects on a table. It is evaluated by human subjects answering a range of questions about the robots’ explanations, which are generated using either our proposed approach or two further approaches implemented for evaluation purposes. Overall, we find that our proposed approach leads to the most understanding of what the robots are doing. In addition, we further propose a method for incorporating policies driving the distribution of tasks among the robots, which may further support understandability.
32.	Laukka, Petri, et al. (författare) Expression of affect in spontaneous speech : Acoustic correlates and automatic detection of irritation and resignation 2011 Ingår i: Computer speech & language (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0885-2308 .- 1095-8363. ; 25:1, s. 84-104 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The majority of previous studies on vocal expression have been conducted on posed expressions. In contrast, we utilized a large corpus of authentic affective speech recorded from real-life voice controlled telephone services. Listeners rated a selection of 200 utterances from this corpus with regard to level of perceived irritation, resignation, neutrality, and emotion intensity. The selected utterances came from 64 different speakers who each provided both neutral and affective stimuli. All utterances were further automatically analyzed regarding a comprehensive set of acoustic measures related to F0, intensity, formants, voice source, and temporal characteristics of speech. Results first showed that several significant acoustic differences were found between utterances classified as neutral and utterances classified as irritated or resigned using a within-persons design. Second, listeners’ ratings on each scale were associated with several acoustic measures. In general the acoustic correlates of irritation, resignation, and emotion intensity were similar to previous findings obtained with posed expressions, though the effect sizes were smaller for the authentic expressions. Third, automatic classification (using LDA classifiers both with and without speaker adaptation) of irritation, resignation, and neutral performed at a level comparable to human performance, though human listeners and machines did not necessarily classify individual utterances similarly. Fourth, clearly perceived exemplars of irritation and resignation were rare in our corpus. These findings were discussed in relation to future research.
33.	Karlström, Petter, et al. (författare) CALL in the zone of proximal development : novelty effects and teacher guidance 2013 Ingår i: Computer Assisted Language Learning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0958-8221 .- 1744-3210. ; 26:5, s. 412-429 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Digital tools are not always used in the manner their designers had in mind. Therefore, it is not enough to assume that learning through CALL tools occurs in intended ways, if at all. We have studied the use of an enhanced word processor for writing essays in Swedish as a second language. The word processor contained natural language processing technology to display linguistic information such as part of speech while students wrote their texts. We investigated how students' real classroom activity when using the tool corresponded to that which was planned by their teacher. Our contribution is on two levels: (1) a real-world analysis of occasionally problematic technology and (2) an elaboration on research methodology for conducting classroom studies within the sociocultural perspective. Our findings show that use of the tool varied greatly between sessions and that paying close attention to the near-future proficiencies of students is paramount. It is therefore important to account for novelty effects in CALL and to provide guidance to teachers concerning the use of such tools in their pedagogical context. We also suggest further elaborations of sociocultural theory and method in order to capture learners' classroom activities.
34.	de Graaf, Erik Wouter, 1991, et al. (författare) KILLE: Learning Objects and Spatial Relations with Kinect 2015 Ingår i: Proceedings of goDIAL - Semdial 2015: The 19th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue. Gothenburg, 24–26 August 2015 / Christine Howes and Staffan Larsson (eds.). - 2308-2275. Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract We present a situated dialogue system designed to learn objects and spatial relations from relatively few examples, based on camera imagery and dialogue interaction with a human partner. We also report on the baseline evaluation of the system.
35.	Kanebrant, Erik, et al. (författare) T-MASTER -- A tool for assessing students' reading abilities 2015 Ingår i: <em>Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2015),</em> Lisbon, Portugal. - : SciTePress. - 9789897581083 - 9789897581076 ; , s. 220-227 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract We present T-MASTER, a tool for assessing students’ reading skills on a variety of dimensions. T-MASTER uses sophisticated measures for assessing a student’s reading comprehension and vocabulary understanding. Texts are selected based on their difficulty using novel readability measures and tests are created based on the texts. The results are analyzed in T-MASTER, and the numerical results are mapped to textual descriptions that describe the student’s reading abilities on the dimensions being analysed. These results are presented to the teacher in a form that is easily comprehensible, and lends itself to inspection of each individual student’s results.
36.	Martins, Rafael Messias, et al. (författare) StanceXplore : Visualization for the Interactive Exploration of Stance in Social Media 2017 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The use of interactive visualization techniques in Digital Humanities research can be a useful addition when traditional automated machine learning techniques face difficulties, as is often the case with the exploration of large volumes of dynamic—and in many cases, noisy and conflicting—textual data from social media. Recently, the field of stance analysis has been moving from a predominantly binary approach—either pro or con—to a multifaceted one, where each unit of text may be classified as one (or more) of multiple possible stance categories. This change adds more layers of complexity to an already hard problem, but also opens up new opportunities for obtaining richer and more relevant results from the analysis of stancetaking in social media. In this paper we propose StanceXplore, a new visualization for the interactive exploration of stance in social media. Our goal is to offer DH researchers the chance to explore stance-classified text corpora from different perspectives at the same time, using coordinated multiple views including user-defined topics, content similarity and dissimilarity, and geographical and temporal distribution. As a case study, we explore the activity of Twitter users in Sweden, analyzing their behavior in terms of topics discussed and the stances taken. Each textual unit (tweet) is labeled with one of eleven stance categories from a cognitive-functional stance framework based on recent work. We illustrate how StanceXplore can be used effectively to investigate multidimensional patterns and trends in stance-taking related to cultural events, their geographical distribution, and the confidence of the stance classifier.
37.	Löwenmark, Karl, 1994-, et al. (författare) Dataset with condition monitoring vibration data annotated with technical language, from paper machine industries in northern Sweden 2023 Annan publikationabstract Labelled industry datasets are one of the most valuable assets in prognostics and health management (PHM) research. However, creating labelled industry datasets is both difficult and expensive, making publicly available industry datasets rare at best, in particular labelled datasets.Recent studies have showcased that industry annotations can be used to train artificial intelligence models directly on industry data ( https://doi.org/10.36001/ijphm.2022.v13i2.3137 , https://doi.org/10.36001/phmconf.2023.v15i1.3507 ), but while many industry datasets also contain text descriptions or logbooks in the form of annotations and maintenance work orders, few, if any, are publicly available.Therefore, we release a dataset consisting with annotated signal data from two large (80mx10mx10m) paper machines, from a Kraftliner production company in northern Sweden. The data consists of 21 090 pairs of signals and annotations from one year of production. The annotations are written in Swedish, by on-site Swedish experts, and the signals consist primarily of accelerometer vibration measurements from the two machines.The dataset is structured as a Pandas dataframe and serialized as a pickle (.pkl) file and a JSON (.json) file. The first column (‘id’) is the ID of the samples; the second column (‘Spectra’) are the fast Fourier transform and envelope-transformed vibration signals; the third column (‘Notes’) are the associated annotations, mapped so that each annotation is associated with all signals from ten days before the annotation date, up to the annotation date; and finally the fourth column (‘Embeddings’) are pre-computed embeddings using Swedish SentenceBERT. Each row corresponds to a vibration measurement sample, though there is no distinction in this data between which sensor or machine part each measurement is from.
38.	Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al. (författare) Visual Analysis of Stance Markers in Online Social Media 2014 Ingår i: Poster Abstracts of IEEE VIS 2014. - : IEEE. ; , s. 259-260 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Stance in human communication is a linguistic concept relating to expressions of subjectivity such as the speakers’ attitudes and emotions. Taking stance is crucial for the social construction of meaning and can be useful for many application fields such as business intelligence, security analytics, or social media monitoring. In order to process large amounts of text data for stance analyses, linguists need interactive tools to explore the textual sources as well as the results of computational linguistics techniques. Both aspects are important for refining the analyses iteratively. In this work, we present a visual analytics tool for online social media text data and corresponding time-series that can be used to investigate stance phenomena and to refine the so-called stance markers collection.
39.	Wang, Yan, et al. (författare) A compositional implementation of Modbus in Protege 2011 Ingår i: 6th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES), 2011. - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781612848181 - 9781612848198 ; , s. 123-131 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This is a case study for Protege. The language is used to produce a radically modular implementation of the Modbus [Mod06a] protocol for industrial process controllers. We show that Protege is an excellent tool to produce customized subset implementations, a commonly used technique to reduce software size and complexity in small industrial controller units.Modbus is one of the most widely used network protocols in industrial automation applications, and a typical example of an industrial protocol with rich functionality, relatively simple data structures, and several communication layer variants in practical use. The original ModbusSerial uses legacy serial communication protocol standards (RS232 or RS485) for communication between Fieldbus-enabled equipments, e.g. micro-controllers and PLCs within an industrial controller network. ModbusTCP is a more recent Modbus variant that oers Modbus messaging services over TCP/IP networks, to connect modern devices like intelligent sensors or advanced PLCs to a Modbus network.As already described in Sections 4.1 and 4.3, Modbus divides into several specification and implementation documents [Mod06a, Mod06c, Mod06b]. The core functionality of Modbus is given as the Modbus application protocol [Mod06a], which is independent of the underlying communication layer variants and specifes a large number of relatively simple functions to read and manipulate device state. Separate specications for the communication layer [Mod06b, Mod06c] describe how the Modbus application messaging service should inter-operate with the serial line or the TCP/IP stack, respectively resulting in either ModbusSerial or ModbusTCP.Good maintainability, modularity and code reuse are key features for quick time-to-market, and especially attractive properties in the area of industrial protocols, characterised by long-lived standards and ongoing integration work. In our paper, we show the advantages of our compilation-based DSL approach Protege. We exemplify how to systematically decompose industrial protocols like Modbus, and propose a modular Modbus implementation concept which not only separates the communiation layer as in the specification, but also decomposes Modbus application protocol functionality into separate modules. A Modbus protocol implementation can be decomposed into the two underlying communication layer variants and a number of application layer functions. These application layer functionalities can be seen as independent modules of an entire application layer, acting as small sub-protocols of their own and sharing only the common communication infrastructure below. Furthermore, every protocol in the picture splits into a client and a server part, which operate on the same packet layouts as sender and receiver.The compilation-based Protege approach provides the necessary setting to reflect this multi-level modularity faithfully in the code. By defining each function code as a separate (sub-)protocol of its own, they can be freely combined to custom implementations tailored towards small controller devices with limited functionality. In addition, the compilation-based high-level approach of Protege enables code reuse for the packet processing code. Parsing (receiver) and marshaling code (sender) are generated from the same Protege source code, imported into the client and server modules. And from the separation of runtime system features for Protege, our implementation gains a large degree of platform-independence; Modbus can thus be integrated in various platforms with specialized embedded operating systems.In total, our case study implementing Modbus demonstrates that Protege increases flexibility in several aspects and thereby considerably reduces implementation cost. New customized Modbus implementations can be produced very quickly using our approach, which makes integration and maintenance much easier and results in drastically reduced time-to-market, a key feature. for success especially in the industrial setting.
40.	Yantseva, Victoria, 1991-, et al. (författare) Stance Classification of Social Media Texts for Under-Resourced Scenarios in Social Sciences 2022 Ingår i: Data. - : MDPI. - 2306-5729. ; 7:11 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this work, we explore the performance of supervised stance classification methods for social media texts in under-resourced languages and using limited amounts of labeled data. In particular, we focus specifically on the possibilities and limitations of the application of classic machine learning versus deep learning in social sciences. To achieve this goal, we use a training dataset of 5.7K messages posted on Flashback Forum, a Swedish discussion platform, further supplemented with the previously published ABSAbank-Imm annotated dataset, and evaluate the performance of various model parameters and configurations to achieve the best training results given the character of the data. Our experiments indicate that classic machine learning models achieve results that are on par or even outperform those of neural networks and, thus, could be given priority when considering machine learning approaches for similar knowledge domains, tasks, and data. At the same time, the modern pre-trained language models provide useful and convenient pipelines for obtaining vectorized data representations that can be combined with classic machine learning algorithms. We discuss the implications of their use in such scenarios and outline the directions for further research.
41.	Ryazanov, Igor, et al. (författare) Deep Learning for Deep Waters: An Expert-in-the-Loop Machine Learning Framework for Marine Sciences 2021 Ingår i: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-1312. ; 9:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Driven by the unprecedented availability of data, machine learning has become a pervasive and transformative technology across industry and science. Its importance to marine science has been codified as one goal of the UN Ocean Decade. While increasing amounts of, for example, acoustic marine data are collected for research and monitoring purposes, and machine learning methods can achieve automatic processing and analysis of acoustic data, they require large training datasets annotated or labelled by experts. Consequently, addressing the relative scarcity of labelled data is, besides increasing data analysis and processing capacities, one of the main thrust areas. One approach to address label scarcity is the expert-in-the-loop approach which allows analysis of limited and unbalanced data efficiently. Its advantages are demonstrated with our novel deep learning-based expert-in-the-loop framework for automatic detection of turbulent wake signatures in echo sounder data. Using machine learning algorithms, such as the one presented in this study, greatly increases the capacity to analyse large amounts of acoustic data. It would be a first step in realising the full potential of the increasing amount of acoustic data in marine sciences.
42.	Hagberg, Eva, et al. (författare) Semi-supervised learning with natural language processing for right ventricle classification in echocardiography—a scalable approach 2022 Ingår i: Computers in Biology and Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-4825 .- 1879-0534. ; 143 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We created a deep learning model, trained on text classified by natural language processing (NLP), to assess right ventricular (RV) size and function from echocardiographic images. We included 12,684 examinations with corresponding written reports for text classification. After manual annotation of 1489 reports, we trained an NLP model to classify the remaining 10,651 reports. A view classifier was developed to select the 4-chamber or RV-focused view from an echocardiographic examination (n = 539). The final models were two image classification models trained on the predicted labels from the combined manual annotation and NLP models and the corresponding echocardiographic view to assess RV function (training set n = 11,008) and size (training set n = 9951. The text classifier identified impaired RV function with 99% sensitivity and 98% specificity and RV enlargement with 98% sensitivity and 98% specificity. The view classification model identified the 4-chamber view with 92% accuracy and the RV-focused view with 73% accuracy. The image classification models identified impaired RV function with 93% sensitivity and 72% specificity and an enlarged RV with 80% sensitivity and 85% specificity; agreement with the written reports was substantial (both κ = 0.65). Our findings show that models for automatic image assessment can be trained to classify RV size and function by using model-annotated data from written echocardiography reports. This pipeline for auto-annotation of the echocardiographic images, using a NLP model with medical reports as input, can be used to train an image-assessment model without manual annotation of images and enables fast and inexpensive expansion of the training dataset when needed. © 2022
43.	Wilhelmsson, Kenneth, 1976 (författare) Om förutsättningarna för språkligt datorstöd på ordnivån och uppåt 2017 Ingår i: Text och kontext - perspektiv på textanalys / Karin Helgesson, Hans Lundqvist, Anna Lyngfelt, Andreas Nord & Åsa Wengelin (red.). - Malmö : Gleerups. - 9789140693648 ; , s. 207-228 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
44.	Shahzad, Khurram, et al. (författare) Towards Cross Language Process Model Reus : A Language Independent Representation of Process Models 2009 Ingår i: Practice Of Enterprise Modeling, Proceedings. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642053511 - 9783642053528 ; , s. 176-190 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Process model reuse is becoming a key approach to addressing the challenges of modeling business processes from scratch. A repository is, therefore, essential to store and manage process models for future reuse. In this paper, we develop a logical data model that enables a Universal Process Repository to store process models in the form of process elements, independent of any process modelling language. In order to store process models in the process repository we propose an algorithm that automatically extracts data from the repository and converts them to process models on the fly. Finally, we use a case study to present data stored about a process model in the repository and to illustrate the development of process models from the data stored in the repository.
45.	Hamon, Thierry, et al. (författare) Combining Compositionality and Pagerank for the Identification of Semantic Relations between Biomedical Words 2012 Ingår i: BioNLP. - 9781937284206 - 1937284204 ; , s. 109-117 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The acquisition of semantic resources and relations is an important task for several applications, such as query expansion, information retrieval and extraction, machine translation. However, their validity should also be computed and indicated, especially for automatic systems and applications. We exploit the compositionality based methods for the acquisition of synonymy relations and of indicators of these synonyms. We then apply pagerank-derived algorithm to the obtained semantic graph in order to filter out the acquired synonyms. Evaluation performed with two independent experts indicates that the quality of synonyms is systematically improved by 10 to 15% after their filtering.
46.	Wilhelmsson, Kenneth (författare) Automatic Question Generation from Swedish Documents as a Tool for Information Extraction 2011 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA 2011. ; , s. 323-326 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract An implementation of automatic question generation (QG) from raw Swedish text is presented. QG is here chosen as an alternative to natural query systems where any query can be posed and no indication is given of whether the current text database includes the information sought for. The program builds on parsing with grammatical functions from which corresponding questions are generated and it incorporates the article database of Swedish Wikipedia. The pilot system is meant to work with a text shown in the GUI and auto-completes user input to help find available questions. The act of question generation is here described together with early test results regarding the current produced questions.
47.	Kågebäck, Mikael, 1981, et al. (författare) A reinforcement-learning approach to efficient communication 2020 Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:7 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present a multi-agent computational approach to partitioning semantic spaces using reinforcement-learning (RL). Two agents communicate using a finite linguistic vocabulary in order to convey a concept. This is tested in the color domain, and a natural reinforcement learning mechanism is shown to converge to a scheme that achieves a near-optimal trade-off of simplicity versus communication efficiency. Results are presented both on the communication efficiency as well as on analyses of the resulting partitions of the color space. The effect of varying environmental factors such as noise is also studied. These results suggest that RL offers a powerful and flexible computational framework that can contribute to the development of communication schemes for color names that are near-optimal in an information-theoretic sense and may shape color-naming systems across languages. Our approach is not specific to color and can be used to explore cross-language variation in other semantic domains.
48.	Loukanova, Roussanka (författare) Underspecified Relations with a Formal Language of Situation Theory 2015 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence. - : SciTePress. - 9789897580734 ; , s. 298-309 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The paper is an introduction to a formal language of Situation Theory. The language provides algorithmic processing of situated information. We introduce specialized, restricted variables that are recursively constrained to satisfy type-theoretic conditions by restrictions and algorithmic assignments. The restricted variables designate recursively connected networks of memory locations for `saving' parametric information that depends on situations and restrictions over objects. The formal definitions introduce richly informative typed language for classification and representation of underspecified, parametric, and partial information that is dependent on situations.
49.	Swaib, Dragule, 1980, et al. (författare) A survey on the design space of end-user-oriented languages for specifying robotic missions 2021 Ingår i: Software and Systems Modeling. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-1366 .- 1619-1374. ; 20, s. 1123-1158 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Mobile robots are becoming increasingly important in society. Fulfilling complex missions in different contexts and environments, robots are promising instruments to support our everyday live. As such, the task of defining the robot's mission is moving from professional developers and roboticists to the end-users. However, with the current state-of-the-art, defining missions is non-trivial and typically requires dedicated programming skills. Since end-users usually lack such skills, many commercial robots are nowadays equipped with environments and domain-specific languages tailored for end-users. As such, the software support for defining missions is becoming an increasingly relevant criterion when buying or choosing robots. Improving these environments and languages for specifying missions toward simplicity and flexibility is crucial. To this end, we need to improve our empirical understanding of the current state-of-the-art of such languages and their environments. In this paper, we contribute in this direction. We present a survey of 30 mission specification environments for mobile robots that come with a visual and end-user-oriented language. We explore the design space of these languages and their environments, identify their concepts, and organize them as features in a feature model. We believe that our results are valuable to practitioners and researchers designing the next generation of mission specification languages in the vibrant domain of mobile robots.
50.	Björk, Ingrid, et al. (författare) Language and teaching ethics 2018 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract All problems with learning are increased when using English to teach non-English native students because of the culturally-sensitive nature of the subject of ethics. Coming to teaching ethics we are confronted with more difficulties. What is right and wrong is often affected by the culture, and different cultures often have different languages. Ethics theories are also expressed in language terms and they can be more easily misunderstood or misinterpreted compared to natural science theories. The feelings and every-day life encounters with “right” and “wrong” are linguistically experienced, described, and mediated. Therefore, language has a strong impact on whether something is ethical or whether it makes sense as an ethical issue at all.

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