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Sökning: AMNE:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Sociologi Socialpsykologi)

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1.
  • Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al. (författare)
  • Food systems sustainability - For whom and by whom? : An examination of different 'food system change' viewpoints
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Development Research Conference 2018: “Rethinking development”, 22–23 August 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The United Nations identifies the food crisis as one of the primary overarching challenges facing the international community. Different stakeholders in the food system have widely different perspectives and interests, and challenging structural issues, such as the power differentials among them, remain largely unexamined. These challenges make rational discourse among food system actors from different disciplines, sectors and levels difficult. These challenges can often prevent them from working together effectively to find innovative ways to respond to food security challenges. This means that finding solutions to intractable and stuck issues, such as the food crisis often stall, not at implementation, but at the point of problem identification. Food system sustainability means very different things to different food system actors. These differences in no way undermine or discount the work carried out by these players. However, making these differences explicit is an essential activity that would serve to deepen theoretical and normative project outcomes. Would the impact and reach of different food projects differ if these differences were made explicit? The purpose of this initial part of a wider food system research project is not to search for difference or divergence, with the aim of critique, but rather to argue that by making these differences explicit, the overall food system project engagement will be made more robust, more inclusive and more encompassing. This paper starts with some discussion on the different food system perspectives, across scales, regions and sectors but focuses primarily on the design of processes used to understand these divergent and at times contradictory views of what a sustainable food system may be. This paper draws on ongoing work within the Mistra Urban Futures project, using the food system projects in cities as diverse as Cape Town, Manchester, Gothenburg and Kisumu as sites for this enquiry.
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2.
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3.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Different Categories of Victims and Competition for Victimhood in the Stories after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Victims' protection: International law, national legislations and practice. Book of abstracts. Fifth Annual Conference of the Victimology Society of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, November 27-28, 2014. ; , s. 15-15
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • My goal with this article is to analyse the retold experiences of 27 survivors of the 1990s war in north-western Bosnia. I focus on describing the informants' portrayal of “victimhood” as a social phenomenon as well as analysing those discursive patterns which contributed in constructing the category “victim” and ”perpetrator”. When, after the war, different actors claim this “victim” status, it sparks a competition for victimhood. All informants are eager to present themselves as victims while at the same time the other categories' victim status is downplayed. Different categories appear and they are: ”the remainders” those who lived in north-western Bosnia before, during and after the war; “the fugitives” those who driven into north-western Bosnia during the war; “the returnees” those who returned after the war and “the diaspora” those who were driven out from north-western Bosnia and remained in their new country. The competition between these categories seems to take place on a symbolic level. All interviewees want to portray themselves as ”ideal victims” but they are all about to lose that status. The returnees and the diaspora are losing status by receiving recognition from the surrounding community and because they have a higher economic status, the remainders are losing status since they are constantly being haunted by war events and the refugees are losing status by being presented as strangers and thus fitting the role of ideal perpetrators. In this reproduction of competition for the victim role, all demarcations that were played out so successfully during the war live on.
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4.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Ethnic monitoring and social control in juvenile care institutions
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Exploring Blind Spots. 27th Conference of the Nordic Sociological Association, Lund, Sweden, August 14-16, 2014. ; , s. 25-25
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In an evaluation of a juvenile-care project sponsored by the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care, ethnicity was identified as an important dimension in treatment, staff practices, and relationships among juveniles. This article aims to analyze descriptions of ethnic monitoring and social control in Swedish juvenile institutions. A juvenile’s ethnicity was highlighted by drawing attention to the staff’s monitoring and social control. Interviews elucidated the victimhood that non-Swedish juveniles portrayed in relation to the staff and/or Swedish juveniles. When juveniles of non-Swedish ethnicity described ethnic monitoring and social control, they generally distanced themselves from staff behavior and portrayed a victim identity. In constructing their identity, juveniles sometimes used their ethnic background rhetorically when describing everyday situations in the institution. The juveniles portrayed a humiliated self through dissociation from the staff and through the descriptions that they were treated differently than Swedish juveniles.
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5.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Forgiveness, Reconciliation and Implacability in Narratives of Survivors after the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Crisis, Critique and Change. Abstract book. 11th European Sociological Association Conference, Turin, Italy, August 28-31, 2013. - 9788897523499 ; , s. 1146-1147
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this article I analyze verbally portrayed experiences of 27 survivors from the 90’s war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One aim of the article is to analyze markers for reconciliation and implacability, the second is to describe the terms for reconciliation which are actualized in those stories. The interactive dynamics, which occurred during the war, make the post-war reconciliation wartime associated. Narratives about reconciliation, implacability and terms for reconciliation, are not only formed in relation to the war as a whole but also in relation to one’s own and others’ persons wartime actions. The narratives about reconciliation become an arena in which we and them are played against each other in different ways – not least by rejecting the others acts during the war. In the interviewees stories implacability is predominant but reconciliation is presented as a possibility if certain conditions are met. These conditions are, for instance, justice for war victims,perpetrators’ recognition of crime and perpetrators’ emotional commitment (for example the display of remorse and shame).
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6.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Fältarbete och nya frågeställningar – exemplet Bosnien
  • 2008
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • I detta utkast analyseras forskningsprocessens olika steg, från problemformulering till analys av data, och de kritiska val man ställs inför. Den empiriska delen bygger på observationer i Ljubija, en stad i nordvästra Bosnien, tidningsartiklar från området samt fjorton intervjuer. Känslorna under fältarbetet diskuteras.
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7.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Konkurrensen om offerrollen i överlevandes berättelser efter kriget i Bosnien
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning. - 0040-716X .- 1504-291X. ; 55:2, s. 203-228
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this article is to analyse verbally portrayed experiences of 27 survivors of the 1990’s war in northwestern Bosnia. My focus is on describing how the interviewees portray the social phenomenon of «victimhood» and on analysing the discursive patterns that contribute to construction of the category «victim». When, after the war, different actors claim this «victim» status, it sparks a competition for victimhood. The competition between categories seems to take place on a symbolic level. By reproducing this competition for the victim role, all demarcations, which were played out so skilfully during the war, are kept alive.
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8.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Krig och brott : Definitioner av kriminalitet i ett bosniskt efterkrigssamhälle
  • 2005
  • Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
    • What is percieved as a crime in war time varies depending on the war at issue, the eventual peace, the victors and the victims. This study focuses on the resolution of rules that occured in Ljubija, a town in the north-western part of Bosnia-Herzegovina, during the the war 1992-1995, and how it created new conflicts and group formations that live on after the war. After the war a competition for the victim-role took place between different communities. The empirical part of the study is based upon observations in Ljubija, newspaper articles from the area and conversational interviews. The material was analysed using Emile Durkheim’s view on criminality in the society, Georg Simmel’s analysis on reconciliation and Nils Christie’s term “the ideal victim”. I also discuss my own emotions and thoughts as a fieldworker during the study.
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9.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Narratives after the Bosnian War : Competition for Victimhood
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Democracy, Citizenship and Urban Violence. 2nd Annual Conference of Urban Research and Development Society, Dhaka, March 12-13, 2014. - Dhaka : Urban Research and Development Society. ; , s. 3-3
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • My goal with this article is to analyze the retold experiences of 27 survivors of the 1990s war in northwestern Bosnia. I focus on describing the informants’ portrayal of “victimhood” as a social phenomenon as well as analyzing those discoursive patterns which contributed in constructing the category “victim”. When, after the war, different actors claim this “victim” status, it sparks a competition for victimhood. All informants are eager to present themselves as victims while at the same time the other categories’ victim status are downplayed. In this reproduction of competition for the victim role, all demarcations that were played out so successfully during the war live on.
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10.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Narratives of Former Bosnian Detainees : Concentration Camp Rituals
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Sigurnost urbanih sredina (”The Security of Urban Areas”), Sarajevo, Bosnia & Hercegovina, May 16, 2014. ; , s. 145-146
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article analyzes the experiences retold by former concentration camp detainees who were placed in concentration camps like civilians at the beginning of the Bosnian war in the 1990s. The article aims to describe the recounted social interaction rituals after time spent in a concentration camp as well as identifying how these interactions are symbolically dramatized. In their stories of crime and abuse in the concentration camps, the detainees reject the guards’ actions and the designation of ‘concentration camp detainee’. The retold stories of violation and power rituals in the camps show that there was little space for individuality. Nevertheless, resistance and status rituals along with adapting to the conditions in the camps seem to have generated some room for increased individualization. To have possessed some control and been able to resist seems to have granted the detainees a sense of honor and self-esteem, not least after the war. Their narratives today represent a form of continued resistance.
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11.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Om etniska enklaver och samhällsförändringar efter ett krig
  • 2008
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Syftet med detta utkast är att identifiera och analysera de sociala relationer och motsättningar som uppstår i ett samhälle som förändrats helt under ett krig. Den empiriska delen bygger på observationer i Ljubija, en stad i nordvästra Bosnien, tidningsartiklar från området samt fjorton intervjuer. Utvecklingen under och efter kriget har gjort att folk i Ljubija grupperas i tre skikt. En grupp består av bosnienserber som före, under och efter kriget varit bosatta i Ljubija (Ljubijabor); sen har vi gruppen med bosnienserber som kom till Ljubija som flyktingar under kriget i Bosnien och Kroatien (alltså flyktingar) och till slut har vi gruppen som består av bosnienmuslimer och bosnienkroater som etniskt rensades från Ljubija och efter kriget återvände dit (återvändande). Grupperna som nu finns i Ljubija förefaller relativt sammansmälta och samarbete samt interaktion mellan dem finns. Individer som bor i dagens Ljubija pratar med varandra när de träffas på gatorna och i kaféer. Fördelningen mellan ”vi” Ljubijabor, ”de” flyktingar och ”de” återvändande tycks för det mesta utspela sig på en symbolisk nivå. För Ljubijabor är både flyktingarna och de återvändande grupper som nämns i ett negativt sammanhang. Å ena sidan vill flyktingarna inte assimilera sig och med tiden har de kommit att utgöra majoriteten i Ljubija vilket i sin tur gör att Ljubijaborna pressas att följa deras normer och värderingar. Å andra sidan har de som återvänt (alltså bosnienkroater och bosnienmuslimer) en bättre ekonomisk situation än Lubijaborna och det skapar avund från Ljubijaborna sida. Det sociala livet i Ljubija, i intervjuades ögon, har förändrats till det sämre. De intervjuade brottas med banal nationalism, extrem fattigdom, sämre sjukvård, ökad kriminalitet och vissa tendenser till anarki i samhället. Rådande sociala relationer i Ljubija markeras på ett sådant sätt att motsättningar och en samhällelig nedgång lyfts fram och dramatiseras. Vad det gäller banal nationalism i Ljubija kan man säga att den reproducerar en viss oförsonlighet eftersom den håller de nationalistiska symboler och gränsdragningar som spelades ut så tydligt och makabert under kriget vid liv. Utvecklingen gjorde också att Ljubija blev en arena för olika utspel mellan vi och de. I den studien kan vi paradoxalt nog märka att etnisk och religiös tillhörighet inte behöver bli ett huvuddrag i vi/de-perspektivet. För den banala nationalismen emellertid är sådan tillhörighet nästan ett måste. Utgruppen som konstrueras hos banal nationalism definieras i termer av etnisk eller religiös tillhörighet.
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12.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Reconciliation and implacability : Narratives of survivors from the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: The Balkans in the New Millennium: From Balkanization to EUtopia. Third International Conference of the Balkans Sociological Forum, Tetovo and Skopje, Macedonia, June 20-22, 2014. ; , s. 51-51
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article analyzes retold experiences of 27 survivors from the 90’s war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One aim of the article is analyzing markers for reconciliation and implacability, the second is describing conditions for reconciliation which are actualized in those stories. Interactive dynamics which prevailed during the war associate post-war reconciliation with the war time. These stories of reconciliation, implacability and conditions for reconciliation, are not created in relation to the war as a whole only but also in relation to one’s own and other’s personal actions during the war. These stories on reconciliation become a forum for confrontation between us and them – not least through dissociation from others war actions. In the interviewees stories implacability is predominant however reconciliation is said to be possible if certain conditions are met. These conditions are, among others, justice for war victims, that the perpetrators’ recognize their crimes and display strong emotions (for example remorse and shame).
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13.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Ritualer i koncentrationslägret : Avståndstagande, moral och anpassning i före detta lägerfångars berättelser från Bosnien
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - 0039-0747. ; 115:3, s. 225-243
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this article portrayed experiences of former inmates that were placed in the concentration camps in the beginning of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1900s are being analyzed. The article is based on 13 interviews with former inmates and close relatives that currently live in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. The purpose with the article is to describe the social interaction rituals that are being retold after a stay in concentration camps and also to identify how these interactions get dramatized symbolically. In addition, the moral that emerges in the description is analyzed. All the interviewed in the study describe themselves as victims. Throughout the narratives about crimes and encroachment in the camps the interviewed individual’s take distance from the actions of the guards and the category concentration camp- placed. Retelling violations and resistance rituals show that the space for individuality in the camps were toughly limited but a resistance and status rituals together with adaptation to the living conditions in the camps seems to have generated a space for enhanced individualization. To possess somewhat control and have the opportunity to provide resistance seems to give an emotion of honor and self-esteem to the camp prisoners, not only during but also after the time of war.
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14.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Samverkan blir kamp : En sociologisk analys av ett projekt i ungdomsvården
  • 2012
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In this dissertation a collaboration project in Swedish youth care is analysed. The aim of the project was to enhance coordination between the Social Services and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care in order to make the efforts more efficient. The project also employed a number of coordinators. The overall purpose of this dissertation is to analyse conflicts, alliances and comparisons identifiable in interviews and observations. The analytic findings are put into an overall “collaboration context” represented by earlier research on the social phenomenon of “collaboration”. In this way the dissertation tries to contribute to a sociological understanding of a contemporary widespread phenomenon. The empirical materials of the study consist of recorded conversational interviews with 147 project participants (youngsters, parents and various professional categories) as well as observations of meetings, informal get-togethers and visits to institutions, Social Services offices, the head office of the National Board of Institutional Care and coordinators. The material was analysed using the analytic perspectives of Georg Simmel (1950/1964), Theodore Caplow (1968) and Erving Goffman (1959/2004). The analysis shows that the project manifested and led to struggles between organizations involving representatives from the Social Services, the National Board of Institutional Care and the project, as well as to several interpersonal conflicts between representatives from various categories of involved professionals, and the youngsters and their parents. The study also shows that the client, in such human service organizations, faces a significant risk of being marginalized. Professionals who appreciated the collaboration often drew their conclusions based on their interaction with other professionals, but the collaboration did not guarantee a successful treatment of the client. Conflicts concerning the roles of the coordinators and their written documents (“the agreements”) emerged and were actualized through the creation of the project. The coordinators and their “agreements” can be seen as the project’s most visible representatives and symbols, which during the project become both themes for conflict and actualize already established conflict patterns. The youngsters and their parents appreciated the projects’ coordinators who appeared as personally involved and able to make concrete changes. However, many of youngsters and their parents criticized the coordinators and even portrayed a victim identity in relation to the project. The coordinator’s relationship with the youngsters and their parents was mostly characterized by passivity. This is clearly apparent in the analysis of the administrative and/or passive coordinator. Different alliance constellations became visible in these presentations. When the coordinator roles were altered in the description, the alliance constellations change. It is a common strategy for clients in human service organizations to try to enter into alliances with professionals involved in their cases and, in so doing, try to alter the situation to their own advantage. The fact that these alliances are often sought by the client indicates, among other things, the client’s will to fight against the situation in which he/she finds him/herself. I believe that this can be seen as something productive rather than problematic.
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15.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Skulle jag grilla lamm med dig? : Försoning och oförsonlighet i före detta lägerfångars berättelser
  • 2007
  • Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Is it possible for civilians, who have been targets of war action, to reconcile with their former enemies? In this study I am analyzing the stories told by former camp-prisoners who were imprisoned at the beginning of the Bosnia-Herzegovina war in the early 1990’s. These prisoners were detained in the concentration-camps of Omarska, Keraterm and Manjača. The former prisoners took refuge in the Nordic countries after the war. The aim of the study is partly to analyze traces of reconciliation and implacability, and partly to detect and describe the rituals of interaction that emerged during the war, which have been revised and reinterpreted after the war. The report is based on 13 interviews with former camp-prisoners and their close relatives who now live in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Added to the study is a document analysis of verdicts by the Hague-tribunal and UN reports. Rather than the one-sided view of the former camp-prisoners, as traumatised, an action-oriented picture emerged. The stories of the camp-prisoners are nuanced fields where the narrator divides guilt and responsibility, reconciliation and implacability, the roles of heroes and victims. The study shows that the ethnic cleansing, in the Bosnian Northwest, caused not only series of atrocities but also dramatic changes in terms of different symbols and life-stories. The camps in the Bosnian Northwest were characterized by crimes and excesses against people. Individuality was heavily restricted by different power-rituals and abuse-processes. The interactive dynamics that evolved during the ethnic cleansing have a strong impact on the process of reconciliation after the war. The stories of reconciliation, implacability and victimization are constructed not only in relation to the war as a whole but also in relation to the narrators own actions and others personal actions during the war. It seems like the interviewees are trying to put their experiences behind them to escape being tormented by the past. The most outstanding in their stories is implacability, but forgiveness and reconciliation seem to be achievable if certain conditions are met, for example the display of shame.
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16.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Stories after the Bosnian War : Competition for Victimhood
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st Annual International Conference on Forensic Science & Criminalistics Research (FSCR), Singapore,  December 9-10, 2013. ; , s. 68-77
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this article is to analyze verbally portrayed experiences of 27 survivors of the 1990’s war in northwestern Bosnia. Focus lies on describing how the interviewees portray the social phenomenon of ”victimhood”, and to analyze discoursive patterns which contribute to constructing the cathegory ”victim”. When, after the war, different actors claim this ”victim” status it sparks a competition for victimhood. Cathegories appear and they are: ”the remainders” those who lived in northwestern Bosnia before, during and after the war; “the fugitives” those who driven into northwestern Bosnia during the war; “the returnees” those who returned after the war and “the diaspora” those who were driven out from northwestern Bosnia and remained in their new country. The competition between these cathegories seems to take place on a symbolic level. All interviewees want to portray themselves as ”ideal victims” but they are all about to loose that status. The returnees and the diaspora are losing status by receiving recognition from the surrounding community and because they have a higher economic status, the remainders are losing status since they are constantly being haunted by war events and the refugees are losing status by being presented as strangers and thus fitting the role of ideal perpetrators. It seems that by reproducing this competition for the victim role, all demarcations, which were played out so skillfully during the war, are kept alive.
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17.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Stories of Sexualized War Violence after the Bosnian war
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Femicide. Targeting of Women in Conflict. A Global Issue That Demands Action. Volume III. - Vienna : The Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS). ; 3, s. 102-105
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this article is to analyze verbally portrayed experiences of 27 survivors of the 1990’s war in northwestern Bosnia. The focus lies on evaluating interviewees’ description of wartime sexual violence and analyzing discursive patterns that contribute in constructing the phenomenon “sexualized war violence”. My analysis shows that the new social war order normalized the sexualized war violence in society. In many cases, these crimes are committed by neighbors and people known by the victim. After the war, all interviewees described war sexual violence as something morally reprehensible. These narratives paint a picture of the perpetrator as someone who is dangerous, evil and the absolute enemy. This enemy is a real but distant criminal who is seen as a clear threat to the existing social order from before the war.
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18.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Vårdkedja för ungdomar eller professionella? En processutvärdering av projektet ”Motverka våld och gäng” : [ A “Treatment Chain” for Young People or the Professionals? A Process Evaluation of the “Counteract Violence and Gangs” – Project in Sweden ]
  • 2009
  • Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This report concerns a large evaluation of a project concerning Swedish juvenile care. We analyse how professionals, youngsters and parents perceived and interpreted the three-year project which involved different authorities whose representatives should form a care-giving chain. The project also employed a number of coordinators. Beyond accounting for the results from just over one houndred interviews and an intense field work our ambition was also to place our findings in a greater social and cultural context. The origin of our analysis is based upon the empirical material, not from a before hand constructed perspective; the example of the coordinators’ focus on administrative issues was therefore discovered through interviews and observations and not something that we were looking for or even expecting to find. At the same time no analysis can arise solely from an empirical material. When we, for example, use terms like ‘dispute props’, when talking about the involved actors discussions on different documents, it origins from reading the work of the classic sociologist Georg Simmel and modern social psychologist Ervin Goffman, both using dramaturgy as a metaphor for social interaction. The lasting impression from this project is the administrative position of the involved officials. They were strongly committed to meetings and documents, they reviewed and assessed each other using a bureaucratic language rather than discussing the individual youth with commitment. In fact the youths rather fell into a discursive shaddow when reading the interviews and field observations. In projects like this one, where officials should cooperate, the danger is that the meeting with its attached bureaucracy becomes the goal instead of the means. A more pragmatic stance regarding the meeting would rather see them being means through which distinct decisions and results carried the youth forth in a direction which the group, the parents and the youth had agreed on (the latter categories should, according to directives, be integrated). The meetings we attended rather displayed a startling inertia, issues that could have been resolved between meetings were not. The shortcomings in the measures were not followed up with attribution of responsibility.
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19.
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20.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Definitioner av våld i överlevandes berättelser efter kriget i Bosnien
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - Falun : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 52:4, s. 341-361
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous research on violence during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina presents a one-sided picture of the phenomenon ”war violence.” Researchers have emphasized the importance of narratives but they have not focused on stories about war violence, nor have they analyzed the stories of war violence being a product of interpersonal interaction. This article tries to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing the narratives told by survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia in the 1990s. The aim is to analyze how the survivors describe violence during the war, and also to analyze those discursive patterns that contribute in constructing the category ”war violence.” The construction of the category ”war violence” is made visible in the empirical material when the interviewees talk about (1) a new social order in the society, (2) human suffering, (3) sexual violence, and (4) human slaughter. All interviewees define war violence as morally reprehensible. In narratives on the phenomena ”war violence” a picture emerges which shows a disruption of the social order existing in the pre-war society. The violence practiced during the war is portrayed as organized and ritualized and this creates a picture that the violence practice became a norm in the society, rather than the exception. Narratives retelling violent situations, perpetrators of violence and subjected to violence do not only exist as a mental construction. The stories live their lives after the war, and thus have real consequences for individuals and society.
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21.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Förlåtelse, försoning och oförsonlighet i överlevandes berättelser efter kriget i Bosnien
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 50:1, s. 51-68
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this article I analyze verbally portrayed experiences of 27 survivors from the 1990s' war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One aim of the article is to analyze markers for reconciliation and implacability, the second is to describe the terms for reconciliation which are actualized in those stories. The interactive dynamics, which occurred during the war, make the post-war reconciliation wartime associated. Narratives about reconciliation, implacability and terms for reconciliation, are not only formed in relation to the war as a whole but also in relation to one's own and others' wartime actions. The narratives about reconciliation become an arena in which we and them are played against each other in different ways not least by rejecting the others' acts during the war. In the interviewees stories implacability is predominant but reconciliation is presented as a possibility if certain conditions are met. These conditions are, for instance, justice for war victims, perpetrators' recognition of crime and perpetrators' emotional commitment (for example the display of remorse and shame).
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22.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Vad är ett krig - och vad gör det med samhället?
  • 2008
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Syftet med detta utkast är att analysera uppfattningar om brott i Bosnien under och efter kriget samt beskriva i vilken mån inblandande parter i en konflikt kan förlåta varandra eller försonas. Den empiriska delen bygger på observationer i Ljubija, en stad i nordvästra Bosnien, tidningsartiklar från området samt fjorton intervjuer.Under krigets normupplösning sker vissa brott som kan vara antigen brott mot krigets norm, t ex att desertera eller inte ställa upp på den egna arméns eller propagandas sida, eller brott mot krigets lagar som krigsförbrytelser (massmord, våldtäkt eller liknande). Brott mot krigets lagar kan uppfattas som egentligen ambivalenta, både tillåtna (relativt) och otillåtna och fördömda, framför allt i efterhand. Själva kategorin ”brott” betyder olika saker beroende på om det är krig eller fred och vem som har segrat eller anser sig ha segrat samt vem som lyckades uppnå offerstatus.Vad det gäller offreskapsfrågan i Ljubija kan man säga att alla vill framställa sig som offer men att olika faktorer gör att alla är på väg att förlora den statusen. Bosnienmuslimer och bosnienkroater som rensades etniskt under kriget av bosnienserber och som återvänt till Ljubija efter krigsslutet, genom att för omgivningens erkännande och hjälp, bosnienserber som före, under och efter kriget varit bosatta i Ljubija, genom att de fortfarande skuggas av skeende från kriget och bosnienserber som kom till Ljubija som flyktingar under kriget i Bosnien och Kroatien, genom att de framställs som främlingar och passar i rollen som ideala gärningsmän. Detta kan reproducera en viss oförsonlighet eftersom konkurrens om offerrollen kan hålla det kollektiva medvetandet och gränsdragningar som spelades ut så tydligt och makabert under kriget vid liv. Kamper utspelar sig ofta mellan vi och de. Försonlighet underförstår att dessa polariseringar tonas ned, eller att nya polariseringar bildas (t.ex. vi i Bosnien kontra de i väst).
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23.
  • Berg, Martin, 1977- (författare)
  • Självet och subjektets svårgripbara nödvändighet : utkast till en socialpsykologisk kritik av Judith Butler
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Lambda Nordica. - Huddinge, Sverige : Föreningen Lambda nordica. - 1100-2573 .- 2001-7286. ; 11:4, s. 7-24
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The self and the elusive necessity of the subject: outline of a social- psychological critique of Judith Butler In her widely cited and criticised Gender trouble, Judith Butler (1990) elaborated the thought that gender needs to be understood as performative – a certain kind of doing behind the bars of a hegemonic heterosexual imperative that governs intelligible bodily configurations. Drawing mainly on psychoanalytical and foucauldian arguments, Butler dwells upon numerous important questions concerning power and subjectivity while arguing that subjects need to conform to the heterosexual matrix in order to gain intelligibility. However, she does not manage to emphasize the importance of situating neither the subject nor the body in a social reality. Due to the problematic and sometimes unclear differentiation between the concepts of performance and performativity as well as the somewhat obscure idea of subjectivity, self and corporeality that are put forward in Butler’s theorizing, it is here argued that her theoretical framework needs to be re-conceptualized from the viewpoint of social psychology. Combining a theoretical framework that draws upon Butler (1990; 1993; 1997a and 1997b) with a symbolic interactionist perspective (Blumer 1969; Mead 1995), this paper aims at locating intersections, gaps and similarities between these rather disparate perspectives. Initiating such a venture, the argument pursued in this paper revolves around the concept of social self and the ways this concept possibly can elaborate Butler’s theory. It is argued that a social psychological take on butlerian thinking can enhance and further elaborate an understanding of the processes involved in the doing of gender.
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24.
  • Berg, Martin, 1977- (författare)
  • Självets garderobiär : självreflexiva genuslekar och queer socialpsykologi
  • 2008
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Det övergripande syftet med föreliggande studie är tudelat. För det första syftar den till att på teoretisk väg etablera en dialog mellan queerteoretisk och socialpsykologisk teoribildning om aktörer och aktörsskap med utgångspunkt i en kritisk läsning av Judith Butler och George Herbert Mead. För det andra syftar den till att på empirisk väg utveckla och fördjupa denna dialog i syfte att demonstrera och resonera kring de möjligheter som uppstår i spänningen mellan dessa teoretiska perspektiv. På detta sätt är avsikten att föra ett bidrag till såväl den queer- och genusteoretiska debatten som dess socialpsykologiska motsvarighet. Ambitionen är att detta sammantaget kan utgöra ett ramverk i vilket möjligheterna med en queer socialpsykologi skisseras. I jämförelsen mellan dessa teoretiska perspektiv fokuseras på frågan om hur människor antas bli till som aktörer och under vilka villkor och genom vilka processer detta äger rum. I centrum för denna diskussion positioneras relationen mellan deras respektive antagande om struktur och aktör samt hur denna relaterar till och förutsätts vara uppburen genom något slags praktik. För det andra diskuteras individens möjlighet att omförhandla sitt förvärvade aktörsskap och genom vilka processer och praktiker detta eventuellt kan göras möjligt. Avhandlingen är uppdelad i fyra delar. Den inledande delen (del 1: Inledande ord) introducerar studiens övergripande bakgrund, teoretiska position, syfte, material och de metodologiska överväganden som har gjorts under forskningsresans gång. Den andra delen (del 2: Teoretiska interventioner) utvecklar i tre kapitel den diskussion om spänningen mellan queerteori och socialpsykologi som påbörjades i avhandlingens första och inledande kapitel. I ett första kapitel fokuseras på Judith Butler för att ringa in och granska några centrala argument och faktorer i hennes tänkande. I ett andra kapitel diskuteras George Herbert Mead för att, i likhet med föregående kapitel, presentera hans övergripande argument och huvudsakliga tankegångar. Avslutningsvis avrundas avhandlingens andra del med ett kapitel som syftar till att summera och utveckla den spänningsrelation som hittas mellan dessa två teoretiker samtidigt som en diskussion förs om de möjligheter en empirisk utveckling av den teoretiska problematiken skulle kunna bidra med. Den teoretiska spänning som lokaliseras mellan Mead och Butler kretsar i första hand kring deras förståelse av relationen mellan aktör och praktik och med utgångspunkt i denna formuleras arbetsbegreppen transaktör och transpraktik som genomgående används i presentationen av det empiriska materialet. Avhandlingens tredje del (del 3: Empiriska nedslag) är i första hand av empirisk karaktär och är uppdelad i två kapitel. I det första av dessa förs en diskussion om hur de självreflexiva genuslekarna inbegriper formulerandet av ett särskilt transgenus och på vad sätt det är möjligt att förstå iscensättandet av genus som en i första hand självkommunikativ praktik. Gradvis demonstreras hur det går att utläsa en önskan om att iscensätta genus tillsammans med andra människor och därför kretsar det följande kapitlet kring en diskussion om betydelsen av social interaktion för detta iscensättande. Med andra ord går det att utläsa en rörelse från självkommunikation till (önskad) social interaktion och detta är ett tema som tydligt ringar in en stor del av den teoretiska problematik som genomsyrar denna studie. I den fjärde och avslutande delen (del 4: Avslutande reflektioner) knyts i tre kapitel de resonemang som hittills har presenterats och diskuterats ihop. Det inledande kapitlet för en teoretiskt orienterad diskussion om den föregående genomgången av det empiriska materialet. I ett därpå följande kapitel fokuseras på olika aspekter av självreflexiva genuslekar i relation till den klädda kroppen för att visa hur den tidigare presenterade praktik- och aktörsproblematiken är avhängig den klädda kroppens genusprägling. I detta sammanhang visas hur det är möjligt att upprätta en relation mellan självets framväxt, subjektivitet och den klädda kroppen. Avslutningsvis förs ett kortfattat resonemang kring avhandlingens huvudsakliga argumentationslinjer och vilka möjligheter ett tänkande inspirerat av queer socialpsykologi för med sig.
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25.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Post-genocide Society, Criminology, and Pedagogy of Lifelong Learning : An Analysis of the Empirical Example of Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: 19th Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology. - Ghent : Ghent University. ; 6:2, s. 31-62
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995) is the historic background of this paper, as produced inthe reports of the United Nations and documents presented during international and national trialsconcerning war crimes committed during period. A literature review forms the analytical basis andcontains various studies from the domains of war sociology, social epistemology, pedagogy ofemancipation and lifelong learning, and sociology of knowledge. The aim of the paper is to analyse: 1)the negative/dark sides of social capital in the Bosnian–Herzegovinian post-genocide society thatemerged because of decades of symbolic and real war and post-war violence against the people in Bosniaand Herzegovina; and 2) the possibility of social development in the direction of a positive/lighter side ofsocial capital, in the sense of legitimising progressive politics of social development based on thefollowing foundations: a) learning peace, coexistence, and reconciliation; b) acknowledgment thatgenocide was carried out during the war and actively denied after the war; c) condemnation of genocide(both during the war and the post-war period); and d) active work to recognise the status of and obtaincompensation for the victims of the genocide (at the social, organisational/institutional, and individuallevels).
  •  
26.
  • Elsrud, Torun, et al. (författare)
  • Immigrant mafia or local lads on the binge? : The construction of (un)trustworthiness in Swedish district courts
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Retfærd. - : Djoef Forlag. - 0105-1121. ; 157:3-4, s. 182-200
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this article we address the constructionof familiarity and distance in Swedish district courtcases, involving young men with both immigrantand Swedish backgrounds. Through ethnographicobservations of 40 trials related to street crimes, wehave found different qualities of social interaction that distinguish immigrant background and Swed-ish background cases from each other. These distinc-tions, disfavouring young men with immigrant back-ground, are built up through a series of practices and events that follow taken-for-granted behaviourand details in interaction, such as speech, laughter,choice of words to describe the accused and trust inSwedish witnesses. In conclusion, we argue for thenecessity of detailed, close-up studies of courtroom action and interaction to understand statistical find-ings of discrimination and disfavouring of certain groups of immigrants in court and elsewhere in thejudicial process.
  •  
27.
  •  
28.
  • Mac Innes, Hanna, 1980, et al. (författare)
  • Social Exclusion
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Handbook on Migration and Ageing. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781839106767 ; , s. 87-98
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This comprehensive Handbook explores the fundamental concepts surrounding the ageing-migration nexus. It is indispensable reading, presenting interdisciplinary research to investigate the unique experiences of older migrants, migrant eldercare workers and older people left behind.
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29.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • A case of what? : Methodological lessons from a reanalysis of conflicts within Swedish Juvenile Care
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Social Work. - : Stavanger University Library. - 0809-9936. ; 8:2, s. 222-250
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • “Collaboration” is generally portrayed as being beneficial to authorities, even if previous collaborative research shows that conflicts are common between authorities who are supposed to cooperate. What takes place when different actors in the collaboration meet in practice? And what is the best way to analyse this? In qualitative studies, it is often problematic to go from an exhaustive analysis of individual empirical instances to an overall picture of the context or phenomenon in which all instances taken together can be viewed as a case. Years of close engagement with the data may interfere with the analyst’s capacities and opportunities to contextualize a study more broadly and theoretically, and detailed knowledge about a range of situations in the field may make novel contextualizations difficult. This article discusses how to overcome such obstacles, using examples from a study about a “collaboration” project in Swedish youth care.
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30.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Coherent Triads : Observed Successful Collaboration in Youth Care
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Creativity in Social Sciences. Proceedings of CIL 2015: Second Edition of International Conference of Humanities and Social Sciences - Creativity, Imaginary, Language. Ed. Claudiu Marian Bunăiaşu, Elena Rodica Opran, Dan Valeriu Voinea.. - 9786061147984 ; , s. 91-105
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Earlier research on collaboration shows that cooperation comprises problems and conflicts. The purpose of this study is to describe successful collaboration even if it unfolds during shorter interaction frequencies. In the article, interactive patterns involved in the construction of these phenomena will be analyzed. Forming the empirical basis for this study are 119 field observations of organized meetings and informal meetings before and after organized meetings, during visits to youth care institutions in Sweden, social services offices, and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. In this study, markers are used to define successful cooperation in the empirical material, so that actors who belong to at least three different categories will be identified. The professional actors can also shape a coherent triad with young people or parents in cases where past conflicts arise. When some professionals create a distance from other professional partners, conflicts can be erased so as to generate new conditions for coherence of the triad. Construction and reconstruction of collaboration success is an ongoing, interactive process. Presentation of the proper interaction moral is created and re-created during interactions and appears in the myriad everyday interactions.
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31.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Coherent Triads and Collaboration Identities in Swedish Youth Care
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: International Conference on Innovation and Research in Arts and Humanities, Institute of Mobin Cultural Ambassadors, Istanbul, Turkey (20150827). ; , s. 1-18, s. 1-18
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous collaboration research shows that problems and conflicts sometimes arise as a part of collaboration. Researchers have highlighted the importance of narratives, but have not focused on narratives about successful cooperation. This article tries to fill this gap by analyzing stories of successful cooperation, even if it unfolds during shorter interaction sequences. The aim is to analyze how and when the actors within youth care portray successful cooperation, and which discursive patterns are involved in the construction of this phenomenon. The empirical basis for this study is formed by 147 recorded interviews with institution-placed youths, their parents, and different occupational categories within the social services and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. The personal interactive aspect of cooperation among actors in youth care is important to the success of a collaboration. This aspect also appears to have significance for producing and reproducing joint collaboration identities. However, joint collaboration identities and the coherence triad can limit the sphere of cooperation to the youth care entities: the juvenile (or his/her parents) is left out.
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32.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Coherent Triads in Swedish Youth Care
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Contemporary Youth Contemporary Risk. Book of abstracts, Journal of Youth Studies Conference, Copenhagen, 30 March - 1 April, 2015. ; , s. 155-155
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous collaboration research shows that problems and conflicts sometimes arise as a part of collaboration. Researchers have highlighted the importance of narratives, but have not focused on narratives about successful cooperation. This article tries to fill this gap by analyzing stories of successful cooperation, even if it unfolds during shorter interaction sequences. The aim is to analyze how and when the actors within youth care portray successful cooperation, and which discursive patterns are involved in the construction of this phenomenon. The empirical basis for this study is formed by 147 recorded interviews with institution-placed youths, their parents, and different occupational categories within the social services and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. The personal interactive aspect of cooperation among actors in youth care is important to the success of a collaboration. This aspect also appears to have significance for producing and reproducing joint collaboration identities. However, joint collaboration identities and the coherence triad can limit the sphere of cooperation to the youth care entities: the juvenile (or his/her parents) is left out.
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33.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Concentration Camp Rituals : Narrative of Former Bosnian Detainees
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Crisis, Critique and Change. Abstract book. 11th European Sociological Association Conference, Turin, Italy, August 28-31, 2013. - 9788897523499 ; , s. 404-404
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article analyses the experiences retold by former concentration camp detainees who were placed in concentration camps at the beginning of the Bosnian war in the 1990s. The article aims to describe the recounted social interaction rituals after having spent time in a concentration camp as well as identifying how these interactions are symbolically dramatized. In their stories of crime and abuse in the concentration camps the detainees reject the guards actions and the category: ”concentration camp detainee”. The retold stories of violation- and power rituals in the camps show that there was little space for individuality. Never the less, resistance- and status rituals along with adapting to the conditions in the camps seem to have generated some room for increased individualization. To have possessed somewhat control and been able to resist seems to have granted a sense of honor and self-esteem for the detainees, not least after the war.
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34.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Concentration Camp Rituals : Narratives of Former Bosnian Detainees
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Humanity & Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0160-5976 .- 2372-9708. ; 41:1, s. 73-94
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the German camps during the Second World War, the aim was to kill from a distance, and the camps were highly efficient in their operations. Previous studies have thus analyzed the industrialized killing and the victims' survival strategies. Researchers have emphasized the importance of narratives but they have not focused on narratives about camp rituals, or analyzed post-war interviews as a continued resistance and defense of one’s self. This article tries to fill this gap by analyzing stories told by former detainees in concentration camps in the Bosnian war during the 1990s. The article aims to describe a set of recounted interaction rituals as well as to identify how these rituals are dramatized in interviews. The retold stories of humiliation and power in the camps indicate that there was little space for individuality and preservation of self. Nevertheless, the detainees seem to have been able to generate some room for resistance, and this seems to have granted them a sense of honor and self-esteem, not least after the war. Their narratives today represent a form of continued resistance.
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35.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Conditions for Reconciliation : Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Criminal Justice and Security. - 1580-0253 .- 2232-2981. ; 17:2, s. 107-126
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: The aim of this article was to analyze the retold experiences of 27 survivors from the 1990s war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. I have examined verbal markers of reconciliation and implacability and analyzed the described terms for reconciliation that are being actualized in the narratives. Design: The material for the study was gathered through qualitative interviews with 27 individuals who survived the war in north-western Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study joins those narrative traditions within sociology where oral presentations are seen as both discursive- and experience-based. In addition, I perceive the concept of reconciliation as an especially relevant component in those specific stories that I analyzed. Findings: Stories on implacability, reconciliation, and conditions for reconciliation are not shaped only in relation to the war as a whole but also in relation to an individual’s wartime actions and those of others. In these stories, implacability is the predominant feature, but reconciliation is said to be possible if certain conditions are met. Examples of these conditions are justice for war victims, perpetrator recognition of crimes, and emotional commitment from the perpetrator (by showing remorse and shame, for example). Value: Previous research on post-war society emphasized structural violence with subsequent reconciliation processes. Researchers have focused on the importance of narratives, but they have neither analyzed conditions for reconciliation in post-war interviews. This article tries to fill this gap by analyzing the stories told by survivors of the Bosnian war during the 1990s.
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36.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Constructing “Ideal Victim” Stories of Bosnian War Survivors
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Social Inclusion. - : Cogitatio. - 2183-2803. ; 3:4, s. 25-37
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous research on victimhood during and after the Bosnian war has emphasized the importance of narratives but has not focused on narratives about victimhood or analyzed post-war interviews as a competition for victimhood. This article tries to fill this gap using stories told by survivors of the Bosnian war during the 1990s. In this analysis of the retold experiences of 27 survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia, the aim is to describe the informants’ portrayal of “victimhood” as a social phenomenon as well as analyzing the discursive patterns that contribute to constructing the category “victim”. When, after the war, different categories claim a “victim” status, it sparks a competition for victimhood. All informants are eager to present themselves as victims while at the same time the other categories’ victim status are downplayed. In this reproduction of competition for the victim role, all demarcations that were played out so successfully during the war live on.
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37.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Construction of morally correct actions : In the stories of violence during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: DO THE RIGHT THING! Anthropology and morality. SANT-konferens 2015, Lund, Sweden, April 17-19, 2015. ; , s. 27-28
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article is based on different types of empirical material, especially recorded interviews, carried out with 27 survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, and field observations. The focus lies on analyzing interviewees’ and field notes description of war-time violence and also analyzing discursive patterns that contribute in constructing the phenomenon “war violence”. This study shows that narratives on the phenomenon “war violence” depict a decay of pre-war social order. The use of violence during the war is described as organized and ritualized, which implies that the use of violence became a norm in society, rather than the exception. The narratives on the phenomenon “war violence” produce and reproduce the image of human suffering and slaughter. Those subjected to violence are portrayed in a de-humanized fashion and branded as suitable to be exposed to it. In these stories, morally correct actions are constructed as a contrast to the narratives on war violence. In these descriptions, the perpetrator is depicted as a dangerous, evil, and ideal enemy. He is portrayed as a real and powerful yet alien criminal who is said to pose a clear threat to the social order existing before the war.
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38.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Definitions of War Violence and Genocide : Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: After Communism. East and West Under Scrutiny. Book of Abstracts of the Fifth International Conference, Craiova, Romania, April 24-25. - Craiova, Romania. ; , s. 72-73, s. 21-21
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study is analyzing the narratives of survivors of thewar in northwestern Bosnia in the 1990s. The focus lies on analyzing interviewees’ description of war-time violence and also analyzingdiscursive patterns that contribute in constructing the phenomenon“war violence”. Analysis shows that the interpersonal interactions thatcaused the violence continue even after the violent situation is over.Recollections from perpetrators and those subjected to violence of thewar do not exist only as verbal constructions in Bosnia of today.Stories about violent situations live their own lives after the war andcontinue being important to individuals and social life. The crimescommitted in northwestern Bosnia are qualified as genocide accordingto indictments against former Serbian leaders Radovan Karadžić andRatko Mladić. All interviewees in this study experienced and survivedthe war in northwestern Bosnia. These individuals have a present,ongoing relation with these communities: Some live therepermanently, and some spend their summers in northwestern Bosnia.Institutions in the administrative entity Republika Srpska (to whichnorthwestern Bosnia now belong administratively) deny genocide,and this approach to war-time events becomes a central theme infuture, post-war analysis of the phenomena “war violence”, and“reconciliation”. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the politicalelite’s denial of the systematic acts of violence during the war thathave been conveyed by the Hague Tribunal, the Court of Bosnia andHerzegovina onWar Crime, and Bosnian media. The narratives in myempirical material seem to be influenced by (or coherent with) therhetoric mediated in these fora. When informants emphasizeextermination and the systematization of violence during the war, theyproduce and reproduce the image of a mutual struggle on a collectivelevel. The aim of this struggle seems to be that the described acts ofviolence be recognized as genocide.
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39.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Definitions of War Violence and Reconciliation in Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina : Definicije ratnog nasilja i pomirenje u pričama preživjelih poslije rata u Bosni i Hercegovini
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Ambassadors of Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina. First International Scientific and Professional Conference of Victimology in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina, March 3-4, 2015. - : International Peace Research Association – IPRA, Bihać University, Sakarya University och Institute of Knowledge Management Skopje. ; , s. 17-28
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous research on violence during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina have emphasized the importance of narratives without focusing on narratives mentioning war violence, but they have not analyzed stories on war violence that were the product of interpersonal interaction and meaning-making activity. The aim of this study is to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing the narratives of survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia in the 1990s. The focus lies on analyzing interviewees’ description of war-time violence and also analyzing discursive patterns that contribute in constructing the phenomenon “war violence”. Analysis shows that the interpersonal interactions that caused the violence continue even after the violent situation is over. Recollections from perpetrators and those subjected to violence of the war do not exist only as verbal constructions in Bosnia of today. Stories about violent situations live their own lives after the war and continue being important to individuals and social life. Individuals who were expelled from northwestern Bosnia during the war in the 1990s are, in a legal sense, in a recognized violence-afflicted victim category. Several perpetrators were sentenced by the Hague Tribunal and the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina on War Crime. The crimes committed in northwestern Bosnia are qualified as genocide according to indictments against former Serbian leaders Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić. All interviewees in this study experienced and survived the war in northwestern Bosnia. These individuals have a present, ongoing relation with these communities: Some live there permanently, and some spend their summers in northwestern Bosnia. Institutions in the administrative entity Republika Srpska (to which northwestern Bosnia now belong administratively) deny genocide, and this approach to war-time events becomes a central theme in future, post-war analysis of the phenomena “war violence”, and “reconciliation”. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the political elite’s denial of the systematic acts of violence during the war that have been conveyed by the Hague Tribunal, the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina on War Crime, and Bosnian media. The narratives in my empirical material seem to be influenced by (or coherent with) the rhetoric mediated in these fora. When informants emphasize extermination and the systematization of violence during the war, they produce and reproduce the image of a mutual struggle on a collective level. The aim of this struggle seems to be that the described acts of violence be recognized as genocide.
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40.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Detecting Triads in a Swedish Juvenile Care Project
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Social Relations in Turbulent Times. Abstract book. 10th Conference of the European Sociological Association, Geneva, Switzerland, September 7-10, 2011. ; , s. 441-441
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In a study of a project concerning Swedish juvenile care professionals, youngsters and parents were studied by ethnographic field observations as well as interviewed. During the course of the investigation various and shifting triads forming conflicts as well as alliances were observed. In this paper the triads described in interviews will be compared to field observations of triads formed during various meetings connected to the juvenile care project. I will analyze similarities and differences in retold triads during interviews and interactional “in situ” formed triads according to (1) different alliance formations, (2) different roles in changing constellations, (3) the temporal development of the alliances in the triad and (4) the alliance’s including and excluding function in the triads.
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41.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Ekstremni slučaj krize: Definicije ratnog nasilja u pričama preživjelih poslije rata u Bosni i Hercegovini : Extreme Case of Crisis: Definitions of War Violence in Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Crisis Management Days. 8th International Scientific Conference. University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Velika Gorica, Croatia (20150514-20150515). - : University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Velika Gorica, Croatia. ; , s. 104-104
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Polazna točka ovog članka je rat koji je održan u sjeverozapadnoj Bosni i Hercegovini te posebno interpersonalna interpretacija nasilja i biografski utjecaj ratnog nasilja. Srpski vojnici i policajci ciljano su vršili nasilje nad civilnoim stanovništvom u sjeverozapadnoj Bosni. U svojoj namjeri da se Bošnjaci i Hrvati istjeraju s tog područja, srpski vojnici i policajci koristili su masovne egzekucije, tjeranje na bijeg, sustavno silovanje i koncentracione logore. Cilj ovog članka je popuniti ovu prazninu znanja kroz analizu priča preživjelih u ratu u sjeverozapadnoj Bosni tijekom 1990-ih. Svrha je analizirati kako preživjeli opisuju ratna nasilja te diskurzivne obrasce koji se pojavljuju u konstrukciji kategorije “ratnog nasilja.” Moja pitanja su kako slijedi: Kako ispitanici opisuju ratna nasilja? Koje kategorije nasilja su istaknute u pričama? Kako preživjeli opisuju seksualno nasilje i oblike seksualnog zlostavljanja tijekom rata? U ovoj studiji, želim dotaći fenomen “ratnog nasilja” kroz analizu priča ispitanika, odnosno njihove opise te odnose među njima. Ova analiza će pokazati da je interpretacija biografskih posljedica ratnog nasilja blisko povezana s osobnim ratnim iskustvima ispitanika. U nastavku ću pokušati istaći kako stvaranje koncepta “ratnog nasilja” postaje vidljivo kad sugovornici u empirijskom materijalu govore o (1) novom društvenom poretku, (2) ljudskoj patnji, (3) seksualnom nasilju i (4) ubijanju ljudi.
  •  
42.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Ethnic monitoring and social control : Descriptions from juveniles in juvenile care institutions
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 5:1, s. 20-34
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous research has emphasized the institutional racism in total institutions. Researchers have highlighted the importance of narratives but have not focused on narratives about ethnic monitoring and social control. This article tries to fill this gap by analysing stories related to descriptions of ethnic monitoring and social control as told by juveniles of non-Swedish ethnicity in Swedish juvenile care institutions. A juvenile’s ethnicity was highlighted by drawing attention to the staff’s monitoring and social control. Interviews elucidated the victimhood that non-Swedish juveniles portrayed in relation to the staff and/or Swedish juveniles. When juveniles of non-Swedish ethnicity described ethnic monitoring and social control, they generally distanced themselves from staff behaviour and portrayed a victim identity. In constructing their identity, juveniles sometimes used their ethnic background rhetorically when describing everyday situations in the institution. The juveniles portrayed a humiliated self through dissociation from the staff and through the descriptions that they were treated differently than Swedish juveniles.
  •  
43.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Etnicitet i ungdomsvården : Yrkesverksammas och ungdomarnas muntliga framställningar
  • 2010
  • Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study is to analyze when and how ethnicity is actualised through categorisations in Swedish youth-care, to attract attention to how these categorisations are indicated and point out how the narrators own ethnic identity is shaped and upheld through different markings. The report is based on 109 interviews conducted with different actors in the youth-care and my field-notes made in connection with the different meetings, spontaneous conversations before and after the interviews, and when visiting different institutions, work-places, etc. Ethnicity is used explicitly as well as implicitly, by the youths themselves and the professionals, in peer relations within each collective and between the collectives. Usually ethnicity is used as an explanation and as an instrument in the interaction, i.e. it is used to achieve different things or to emphasize or highlight a desirable image of people or problems at hand. The professionals use ethnicity to explain the youths actions, they also compare themselves to colleagues regarding who displays the greatest ethnic consideration or who knows most about ethnicity. Ethnicity then becomes a resource in presenting one-self: you present yourself as, for instance, “culturally competent” in relation to others. The youths also use ethnicity when they talk about the placing at various institutions, the social control at the institution, discrimination, love relations, etc. The life in the institution becomes ethnically charged in interviews with youngsters, but this perspective is not always shared by other actors. Treatments interpreted as ethnic discrimination by the youths are sometimes seen as self-inflicted by the staff, e.g. as a result of alleged inappropriate behaviour. Ethnicity is a contested marker in this context and thus a potential weapon in the interplay. This is specially highlighted through ethnically coloured profanity and name-calling which the youths experience as an instrument of humiliation. Sometimes ethnicity is portrayed as a resource, as an asset for the actors in the youth-care, providing tools for comprehending and implementing situations and projects. Things that are made comprehensible and are implemented (or said to have been implemented) often become problematic from the actors perspective. This happening doesn’t have to be a problem in itself, it rather clarifies how actors use ethnicity to demonstrate problems.
  •  
44.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Etnifierad övervakning och social kontroll på ungdomsvårdsinstitutioner
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Den sorterande ordningsmakten. - Malmö : Bokbox Förlag. - 9789186980603 ; , s. 177-200, s. 177-200
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In an evaluation of a juvenile-care project sponsored by the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care, ethnicity was identified as an important factor in treatment, staff practices, and relationships between juveniles. This study examined ethnic monitoring and social control in 15 Swedish juvenile institutions. I analysed notes from interviews and field observations. Discriminatory behaviours and practices were described or made evident by juveniles with non-Swedish ethnicities. In specific examples, a juvenile’s ethnicity was highlighted by drawing attention to the staff’s monitoring and control practices. These examples elucidated the victimhood that non-Swedish juveniles experienced in relation to the staff and/or Swedish juveniles. Thomas Hylland Eriksen (1993) described ethnicity as an ongoing relationship-building process between participants. The present study showed that the ’establishment’ of ethnicity was intimately associated with juvenile descriptions of discrimination and their moral criticism of juvenile care practices. When juveniles of non-Swedish ethnicity described institutional ethnic monitoring and social control, they generally distanced themselves from staff behaviour and portrayed a victim identity. In constructing their identity, juveniles sometimes used their ethnic background rhetorically when describing everyday situations in the institution. The juveniles portrayed a humiliated self through dissociation from the staff and through the perception that they were treated differently than Swedish juveniles.
  •  
45.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Extreme Case of Crisis: Definitions of War Violence in Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina : Ekstremni slučaj krize: Definicije ratnog nasilja u pričama preživjelih iz rata u Bosni i Hercegovini
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Crisis Management Days. 8th International Scientific Conference. University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Velika Gorica, Croatia (20150514-20150515). - : Veleučilište Velika Gorica. - 9789537716660 ; , s. 499-510
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The starting point of this article is the war that took place in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina and more specifi cally interpersonal interpretations of violence and the biographical impact of war-time violence. Serbian soldiers and police targeted their use of violent force directly against the civilian populations in northwestern Bosnia. In their quest to expel Bosniacs and Croats from this area, Serbian soldiers and police used mass executions, forced flight, systematic rape, and concentration camps. The aim of this article is to analyze how the survivors describe war-time violence and which discursive patterns emerge in the construction of the category “war violence.” My questions are as follows: How do the interviewees describe wartime violence? Which categories of violence are highlighted in the stories? How do war survivors describe sexual violence and other sexual abuse during the war? In this study, I seek to touch on the phenomenon “war violence” by analyzing the narratives of the informants, namely their descriptions in relation to themselves and others. This analysis will show that the interpretation of the biographical consequences of war violence is intimately related to the subject’s own war experiences. In the following, I try to highlight how the creation of the concept “war violence” is made visible when the interviewees, in the empirical material, talk about (1) a new social order in society, (2) human suffering, (3) sexual violence, and (4) slaughter of humans.
  •  
46.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Extreme Case of Crisis: Definitions of War Violence in Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina : Ekstremni slučaj krize: Definicije ratnog nasilja u pričama preživjelih poslije rata u Bosni i Hercegovini
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Crisis Management Days. 8th International Scientific Conference, University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Velika Gorica, Croatia (20150514-20150515). - : University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Velika Gorica, Croatia. ; , s. 104-105
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The starting point of this paper is the war that took place in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina and more specifi cally interpersonal interpretations of violence and the biographical impact of wartime violence. Serbian soldiers and police targeted their use of violent force directly against the civilian populations in northwestern Bosnia. In their quest to expel Bosniacs and Croats from this area, Serbian soldiers and police used mass executions, forced fl ight, systematic rape, and concentration camps. The aim of this paper is to fi ll this knowledge gap through analyzing the stories told by survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia during the 1990s. The purpose is to analyze how the survivors describe wartime violence and which discursive patterns emerge in the construction of the category “war violence”. My questions are as follows: How do the interviewees describe war-time violence? Which categories of violence are highlighted in the stories? How do war survivors describe sexual violence and other sexual abuse during the war? In this study, I seek to touch on the phenomenon of “war violence” by analyzing the narratives of the informants, namely their descriptions in relation to themselves and others. This analysis will show that the interpretation of the biographical consequences of war violence is intimately related to the subject’s own war experiences. Further, I will try to highlight how the creation of the concept “war violence” is made visible when the interviewees, in the empirical material, talk about (1) a new social order in society, (2) human suff ering, (3) sexual violence, and (4) slaughter of humans.
  •  
47.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Idealna žrtva i nadmetanje za dobijanje statusa žrtve u pričama preživjelih rata u Bosni i Hercegovini : Ideal victim and competition for victimhood in the stories of the survivors of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Temida. - 1450-6637 .- 2406-0941. ; 18:2, s. 7-30
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous research on victimhood often has presented a one-sided picture of the “victim” and “perpetrator”. Researchers have emphasized the importance of narratives and they have focused on narratives about victimhood, but a researcher has not analyzed post-war interviews as a competition for victimhood. This article tries to fill this gap using stories told by survivors of the Bosnian war during the 1990s. I focus on describing the informants portrayal of “victimhood” as well as analysing those discursive patterns which contributed in constructing the category “victim” and ”perpetrator”. My research question is: How do the interviewees describe victimhood after the war? When, after the war, different actors claim this “victim” status, it sparks a competition for victimhood. All informants are eager to present themselves as victims while at the same time for the other categories victim status is downplayed. In this reproduction of competition for the victim role, all demarcations that were played out so successfully during the war live on.
  •  
48.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • Krigets sociologi: Analyser av krigsvåld, koncentrationsläger, offerskap och försoning : [Sociology of War: Analysis of war violence, concentration camps, victimhood and reconciliation]
  • 2016
  • Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
    • I tidigare forskning om krig presenteras ofta ensidiga bilder av fenomenen krigsvåld, offerskap och försoning. Denna bok utgår från berättelser av överlevande efter kriget i Bosnien under 1990-talet. Syftet är att analysera hur de intervjuade beskriver dessa fenomen samt vilka diskursiva mönster som framträder i konstruktionen av begreppen ”offer” och ”förövare”. Mina frågeställningar är: Hur beskriver intervjupersonerna krigsvåld, offerskap och försoning efter kriget? Vilka krigskategorier uppmärksammas i berättelserna? Hur beskriver intervjupersonerna tillvaron i koncentrationslägren?Konstruktionen av begreppet ”krigsvåld” synliggörs i det empiriska materialet när intervjupersonerna berättar om (1) en ny social ordning i samhället, (2) människolidande, (3) sexualiserat krigsvåld och (4) människoslakt. Alla intervjuade definierar krigsvåldet som moraliskt förkastligt. Våldsutövningen under kriget framställs som organiserad och ritualiserad, vilket skapar en bild av att våldsutövningen blev en norm i samhället snarare än ett undantag. Berättelser om våldsamma situationer, våldsverkare och våldsdrabbade existerar inte enbart som tankekonstruktioner. Berättelserna lever sitt eget liv efter kriget och har därmed verkliga konsekvenser för individer och samhället.Genom berättelser om förbrytelser och övergrepp i koncentrationslägren tar intervjupersonerna avstånd från vakternas agerande och från krigskategori koncentrationslägerplacerad. Återberättade kränknings- och maktritualer visar att utrymmet för individualitet i lägren var starkt begränsat men att motstånds- och statusritualer samt anpassning till livsvillkoren i lägren tycks ha frambringat ett visst utrymme för förhöjd individualisering. Att ha besuttit någorlunda kontroll och haft möjlighet att ge motstånd verkar bidragit till en känsla av heder och självaktning för lägerfångarna, en känsla som verkar vuxit sig stark även efter kriget. Deras berättelser idag utgör en form av fortsatt motstånd.Aktörernas anspråk på statusen ”offer” skapar en konkurrens om offerrollen efter kriget. Konkurrensen mellan kategorierna tycks utspela sig på en symbolisk nivå. Utvecklingen under och efter kriget har medfört att befolkningen kan beskrivas utifrån fyra kategorier. En kategori består av de ”kvarvarande”, det vill säga de individer som före, under och efter kriget varit bosatta i nordvästra Bosnien. En annan är de ”flyktingar” som fördrivits till nordvästra Bosnien från övriga delar av Bosnien och Kroatien. En tredje kategori är de ”återvändande”, det vill säga individer som fördrivits från nordvästra Bosnien under kriget och återvänt efter kriget. Den fjärde kategorin är ”diasporan”, det vill säga de individer som fördrivits från nordvästra Bosnien under kriget och stannat i det nya landet. Alla intervjuade vill framställa sig som ”ideala offer” men alla är på väg att förlora den statusen. De återvändande och diasporan förlorar den genom att de fått omgivningens erkännande och har högre ekonomisk status, de kvarvarande genom att de fortfarande lever i skuggan av kriget och flyktingarna genom att de framställs som främlingar och passar i rollen som ideala förövare. Reproducerandet av konkurrens om offerrollen tycks upprätthålla de gränsdragningar som spelades ut så tydligt under kriget.Den interaktiva dynamik som pågick under kriget gör att försoningen efter kriget binds till krigstiden. Berättelser om försoning blir en arena för olika utspel mellan ”vi” och ”de” – inte minst genom avståndstagande från de andras agerande under kriget. I de intervjuades berättelser är oförsonligheten det mest framträdande men försoning framställs kunna åstadkommas om vissa villkor uppfylls. Dessa villkor är till exempel rättvisa för krigets offer, förövarens erkännande av brott och förövarens känsloengagemang (exempelvis att visa ånger och skam).
  •  
49.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Mödrars röster om samordnare i ungdomsvården
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Vårdkedja för ungdomar eller professionella?. - Stockholm : Statens Institutionsstyrelse. ; Forskningsrapport 2009:5, s. 119-153
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study is to analyze how mothers with children placed in Swedish juvenile homes interpret, define and perceive, on the one hand, the project “Motverka Våld och Gäng” meaning “Counteract Violence and Gangs”, and on the other hand the role of the Coordinators employed in this project. The mothers who were interviewed spoke about some Coordinators that they appreciated. They then paint different pictures of appreciated Coordinators. These includes Coordinators who possess the power to, for example, “check out the Social Service” and Coordinators without power who never-the-less are appreciated. The Coordinators who are described in a positive way are also seen as actors that are dedicated. They often call the mothers, they fight for their children and succeed in making absent fathers more committed. The mothers whose stories contain criticism towards the Coordinators often criticize the other involved actors. The criticism itself isn’t only focused on the Coordinator but rather on the context in which the Coordinator is a part. When the Coordinator is criticized explicitly, the description partly projects the picture of the Coordinator as absent from the care-giving chain.
  •  
50.
  • Basic, Goran, 1972- (författare)
  • När samverkan får erkännande : Beskrivna och observerade erfarenheter från ungdomsvården
  • 2015
  • Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous collaboration research shows that problems and conflicts sometimes arise as a part of collaboration. This book analyzes successful cooperation unfolding during shorter interaction sequences. In this study I endeavour to describe the contributing factors that are necessary to achieve the phenomenon of a successful collaboration. I do this partially with help from studies published in previous literature, but especially by analyzing my own empirical material: narratives from the interviewees and field notes. The aim is to analyze how and when the actors within youth care portray successful cooperation, and which discursive and interactive patterns are involved in the construction of this phenomenon. The empirical basis for this study is formed by 147 recorded interviews with institution-placed youths, their parents, and different occupational categories within the social services and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care, and 119 field observations of organized meetings and informal meetings before and after organized meetings, during visits to youth care institutions in Sweden, social services offices, and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. The material is analyzed with the help of insights from Georg Simmel (1950/1964), Theodore Caplow (1968), and Erving Goffman (1959/2004). In this study, markers are used to define successful cooperation in the empirical material, so that actors who belong to at least three different categories will be identified. The personal interactive aspect of cooperation among actors in youth care is important to the success of collaboration. This aspect also appears to have significance for producing and reproducing joint collaboration identities. However, joint collaboration identities and the coherence triad can limit the sphere of cooperation to the youth care entities: the juvenile (or his/her parents) is left out. The professional actors can also shape a coherent triad with young people or parents in cases where past conflicts arise. When some professionals create a distance from other professional partners, conflicts can be erased generating new conditions for coherence of the triad. Construction and reconstruction of collaboration success is an ongoing, interactive process. Presentation of the proper interaction moral is created and re-created during interactions and appears in the myriad everyday interactions. Coherent triads and success points of interest that are beneficial for the juvenile in the situation also create the image of a positive development for the juvenile. In this way, common identities of interplay that are useful for the juvenile are being created and elucidated. The physical presence of the juvenile in these situations is especially important for the “successful collaboration.”
  •  
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