| 1. |
- Crippa, Stefano, et al.
(författare)
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A tug-of-war in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms management : Comparison between 2017 International and 2018 European guidelines
- 2021
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Ingår i: Digestive and Liver Disease. - : Elsevier. - 1590-8658 .- 1878-3562. ; 53:8, s. 998-1003
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: 2017 International and 2018 European guidelines are the most recent guidelines for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms management.AIM: to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these guidelines in identifying malignant IPMN.METHODS: data from resected patients with IPMN were collected in two referral centers. Features of risk associated to cancerous degeneration described in International and European guidelines were retrospectively applied. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in detecting malignant disease were calculated.RESULTS: the study includes 627 resected patients. European guidelines suggest resection in any patient with at least one feature of moderate-risk. International guidelines suggest that patients with moderate-risk features undergo endoscopic ultrasound before surgery. European guidelines had a higher sensitivity (99.2% vs. 83%) but a lower positive predictive value (59.5% vs. 65.8%) and Specificity (2% vs. 37.5%). European guidelines detected almost all malignancies, but 40% of resected patients had low-grade dysplasia. 297 patients underwent endoscopic ultrasound before surgery. 31/116 (26.7%) tumors radiologically classified as "worrisome features" were reclassified as "high-risk stigmata" by endoscopic ultrasound and 24/31 were malignant IPMN.CONCLUSIONS: European and International guidelines have a relatively low diagnostic accuracy, being European guidelines more aggressive. Endoscopic ultrasound can improve guidelines accuracy in patients with moderate-risk features.
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| 2. |
- Saltsidis, Panagiotis
(författare)
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Aspects of conformal strings
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- String theory is the quantum theory in which the fundamental constituents are one-dimensional extended objects in contrast to the usual quantum theories in which the fundamental constituents are point particles. At present we know of only one way to spread out the gravitational interaction and cut off its divergencies without spoiling the consistency of the theory; string theory. This feature together with the possibility of unifying the description of all particles, makes string theory a very promising candidate for a quantum "theory of everything".For very high energies, comparable to or larger than the Planck mass, string theory is truly different from point particle physics and cannot be relpaced by any effective local field theory. Studying the high energy limit may thus lead to some insights into the elusive physical basis of string theory. In string theory the Planck mass is proportional to the square root of the string tension T, so instead of studying the high energy limit one may equivalently study the tensionless limit. It has been found that the tensionless string classically has a larger set of space-time symmetries than the Poincaré group (the symmetry group of the string), viz. the group of space-time conformal transformations.In this thesis we will study a theory which is classically equivalent to the tensionless string, but in which the conformal symmetry is linearly realized and manifest in the formalism, making computations much simpler to perform. Furthermore we use covariant BRST methods which facilitate the computations even more. In particular using BRST methods we investigate the quantum properties of the conformal string, the conformal spinning string and the conformal p-brane which is a generalization of the conformal string to higher dimensional objects.
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| 3. |
- de Leeuw, Georgia, et al.
(författare)
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Scrutinising commodity hype in imaginaries of the Swedish green steel transition
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space. - 2514-8494.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technological push for hydrogen-based steel production has become a flagship project of the Swedish state for advancing its global environmental leadership and becoming the world's first fossil free welfare state. The new production process has the potential to drastically cut emissions in a heavy polluting industry. The plans also entail a drastic upscale in steel production, energy and iron ore consumption and risk increasing existing pressures on Indigenous Sami land, local communities, and biodiversity. This article sets out to investigate the frontier-making function of green steel imaginaries to contribute to debates on sacrificed spaces of extraction for green commodity demand. The article speaks to a call for a critical turn in sustainability transitions literature by introducing the concept of hype to scrutinise the material consequences of growth-based green transition imaginaries. This article builds on a narrative analysis of government, industry, and company actors’ visions of a green steel future. The analysis illustrates how sociotechnical imaginaries are constructed to enable particular industrial futures over other green transition pathways. We show that the sociotechnical imaginary of green steel, fuelled through hype, serves to advance the new commodity and growth of the industry while effectively cancelling out democratic nuance and non-extractive alternatives. The findings illustrate the importance of pluralising green imaginaries to ensure inclusive transition pathways and to nuance and discursively dismantle the hype of green transitions that fail to break with the growth paradigm.
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| 4. |
- Varkøy, Øivind
(författare)
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Instrumentalism in the field of music education? : Are we all humanists?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Philosophy of Music Education Review. - 1063-5734 .- 1543-3412. ; 15:1, s. 37-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oivind Varkoy discusses instrumentalism as a trend in educational politics and pedagogical thinking. Instrumentalism implies looking upon both school subjects and humans as instruments, as tools or means for reaching another goal or end. The discussion is related to philosophy of music education by focusing on aspects of philosophies of humankind, the idea of forming the child versus the idea of free growth, and the humanistic tradition of dialectics. To link the philosophical discussion of instrumentalism to music education in a more practical way, the author focuses on the discussion of assessment of knowledge in music. Is it for instance possible for a music educator to accept the idea of measuring musical knowledge by means of standardized tests without having some problems sailing under the flag of pedagogical humanism?
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