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- Gerousi, M, et al.
(författare)
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The Calcitriol/Vitamin D Receptor System Regulates Key Immune Signaling Pathways in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been proposed that vitamin D may play a role in prevention and treatment of cancer while epidemiological studies have linked vitamin D insufficiency to adverse disease outcomes in various B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this study, we sought to obtain deeper biological insight into the role of vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) in the pathophysiology of CLL. To this end, we performed expression analysis of the vitamin D pathway molecules; complemented by RNA-Sequencing analysis in primary CLL cells that were treated in vitro with calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D. In addition, we examined calcitriol effects ex vivo in CLL cells cultured in the presence of microenvironmental signals, namely anti-IgM/CD40L, or co-cultured with the supportive HS-5 cells; and, CLL cells from patients under ibrutinib treatment. Our study reports that the calcitriol/VDR system is functional in CLL regulating signaling pathways critical for cell survival and proliferation, including the TLR and PI3K/AKT pathways. Moreover, calcitriol action is likely independent of the microenvironmental signals in CLL, since it was not significantly affected when combined with anti-IgM/CD40L or in the context of the co-culture system. This finding was also supported by our finding of preserved calcitriol signaling capacity in CLL patients under ibrutinib treatment. Overall, our results indicate a relevant biological role for vitamin D in CLL pathophysiology and allude to the potential clinical utility of vitamin D supplementation in patients with CLL.
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- Gousia, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of unemployment and non-standard forms of employment on the housing autonomy of young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Work, Employment and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 0950-0170 .- 1469-8722. ; 35:1, s. 157-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Young people are facing challenges in transitioning to housing autonomy because of changes in labour market conditions in recent years. This article explores the effects of youth unemployment and non-standard employment on the likelihood of leaving the parental home. We adopt a dynamic modelling approach, and use data from a large longitudinal British survey covering the years 2009-2014. We find that unemployment and part-time work, but not the duration of the contract, have a negative effect on the likelihood of obtaining housing autonomy. We also find that past as well as anticipated unemployment have significant negative effects, which suggests that the decision about whether to move out depends on the individual’s longer-term labour market trajectory. The analysis also reveals gender differences in part-time work, but not in unemployment once we take into account unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity.
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- Gousias, K, et al.
(författare)
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Expertise in surgical neuro-oncology. Results of a survey by the EANS neuro-oncology section.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Brain & spine. - 2772-5294. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technical advances and the increasing role of interdisciplinary decision-making may warrant formal definitions of expertise in surgical neuro-oncology.The EANS Neuro-oncology Section felt that a survey detailing the European neurosurgical perspective on the concept of expertise in surgical neuro-oncology might be helpful.The EANS Neuro-oncology Section panel developed an online survey asking questions regarding criteria for expertise in neuro-oncological surgery and sent it to all individual EANS members.Our questionnaire was completed by 251 respondents (consultants: 80.1%) from 42 countries. 67.7% would accept a lifetime caseload of >200 cases and 86.7% an annual caseload of >50 as evidence of neuro-oncological surgical expertise. A majority felt that surgeons who do not treat children (56.2%), do not have experience with spinal fusion (78.1%) or peripheral nerve tumors (71.7%) may still be considered experts. Majorities believed that expertise requires the use of skull-base approaches (85.8%), intraoperative monitoring (83.4%), awake craniotomies (77.3%), and neuro-endoscopy (75.5%) as well as continuing education of at least 1/year (100.0%), a research background (80.0%) and teaching activities (78.7%), and formal interdisciplinary collaborations (e.g., tumor board: 93.0%). Academic vs. non-academic affiliation, career position, years of neurosurgical experience, country of practice, and primary clinical interest had a minor influence on the respondents' opinions.Opinions among neurosurgeons regarding the characteristics and features of expertise in neuro-oncology vary surprisingly little. Large majorities favoring certain thresholds and qualitative criteria suggest a consensus definition might be possible.
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- Schmidt, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Viktbaserad avfallstaxa: Vart tar avfallet vägen?
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med studien är att belysa huruvida införande av viktbaserad avfallstaxa får de önskvärda effekterna (till exempel minskade avfallsmängder) samt om det även får oönskade effekter som till exempel ökad nedskräpning. Viktbaserad avfallstaxa minskar i de flesta fall säck- och kärlavfallet med ca 20 procent (Jensen, 2011), men vart tar detta avfall vägen?Inom studien har 21 hushåll i Askim och 22 hushåll i Bergsjön/ Kortedala i Göteborgs kommun intervjuats om hur införandet av viktbaserad avfallstaxa har påverkat dem. Samtliga intervjuade har haft restavfallsminskningar med 20-90 procent jämfört med före införandet av taxan. Studien visar att en viktbaserad avfallstaxa minskar restavfallet främst till förmån för ökad utsortering av matavfall och förpackningar snarare än att förebygga avfall. Med en genomtänkt taxekonstruktion blir de negativa effekterna i form av nedskräpning och avfallsdumpning marginella. För en långsiktig effekt bör ytterligare återkoppling genomföras gentemot hushållen, exempelvis vid fakturering.
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