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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES) "

Sökning: AMNE:(MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES)

  • Resultat 1-10 av 251131
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1.
  • Falk-Delgado, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Improved clinical outcome 3 months after endovascular treatment, including thrombectomy, in patients with acute ischemic stroke : a meta-analysis
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of neurointerventional surgery. - : BMJ. - 1759-8486 .- 1759-8478. ; 8:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator is standard treatment in acute stroke today. The benefit of endovascular treatment has been questioned. Recently, studies evaluating endovascular treatment and intravenous thrombolysis compared with intravenous thrombolysis alone, have reported improved outcome for the intervention group. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing endovascular treatment in addition to intravenous thrombolysis with intravenous thrombolysis alone.METHODS: Databases were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was a functional neurological outcome after 90 days. A secondary outcome was severe disability and death. Data were pooled in the control and intervention groups, and OR was calculated on an intention to treat basis with 95% CIs. Outcome heterogeneity was evaluated with Cochrane's Q test (significance level cut-off value at <0.10) and I(2) (significance cut-off value >50%) with the Mantel-Haenszel method for dichotomous outcomes. A p value <0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.RESULTS: Six studies met the eligibility criteria, and data from 1569 patients were analyzed. A higher probability of a functional neurological outcome after 90 days was found for the intervention group (OR 2, 95% CI 2 to 3). There was a significantly higher probability of death and severe disability in the control group compared with the intervention group.CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment in addition to intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke leads to an improved clinical outcome after 3 months, compared with patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis alone.
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2.
  • Nilsson, Pernilla, 1969- (författare)
  • What do we need to learn? : Student Teachers´ Teaching Concerns for Learning to Teach Primary Science
  • 2008
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Teaching is a complex undertaking and often requires managing unforeseen circumstances, unexpected situations and difficult dilemmas. This paper reports on an empirical study of 22 primary science student teachers’ planning, conducting and evaluating a science lesson with students aged 4-11. The aim of the study was to empirically illustrate how student teachers through reflecting on incidents within the process of planning, conducting and evaluating their first primary science lesson, perceive teaching concerns relevant for their future practice. The critical incidents were identified as situations within the teaching context that put the student teachers “on the spot” – leading to a revision of their immediate feelings, their planned teaching and of their understandings of science.
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3.
  • Münster, Marie, et al. (författare)
  • Economic and environmental optimization of waste treatment
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Waste Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 38:1, s. 486-495
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article presents the new systems engineering optimization model, OptiWaste, which incorporates a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and captures important characteristics of waste management systems. As part of the optimization, the model identifies the most attractive waste management options. The model renders it possible to apply different optimization objectives such as minimizing costs or greenhouse gas emissions or to prioritize several objectives given different weights. A simple illustrative case is analysed, covering alternative treatments of one tonne of residual household waste: incineration of the full amount or sorting out organic waste for biogas production for either combined heat and power generation or as fuel in vehicles. The case study illustrates that the optimal solution depends on the objective and assumptions regarding the background system - illustrated with different assumptions regarding displaced electricity production. The article shows that it is feasible to combine LCA methodology with optimization. Furthermore, it highlights the need for including the integrated waste and energy system into the model.
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  • Giritli Nygren, Katarina, et al. (författare)
  • Leaders as mediators of megatrends: A diagnostic framework in praxis
  • 2011. - 1
  • Ingår i: Applied Technology Integration in Governmental organizations. - Hershey New York : IGI Global. - 9781609601621 - 9781609601645 ; , s. 281-297
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The idea of eGovernment is moving rapidly within supra-national and national and local institutions. At every level leaders are interpreting the idea, attempting to grasp either the next step or indeed the very essence of the idea itself. This chapter outlines a diagnostic framework, resting on three different dimensions; translation, interpretative frames and sensemaking, to create knowledge about the translation processes and by doing so, emphasize enactment rather than vision. The diagnostic framework is then empirically examined to explore its possible contribution to the understanding of the complexity of leader’s translating and mediating the idea of eGovernment in their local context. In conclusion it is noted that the diagnostic framework reveals a logic of appropriateness between local mediators, eGovernment, different areas of interest and appropriate organisational practices.
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10.
  • Falk Delgado, Alberto, et al. (författare)
  • Outcome switching in randomized controlled oncology trials reporting on surrogate endpoints: a cross-sectional analysis
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1, s. 9206-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Inconsistent reporting of clinical trials is well-known in the literature. Despite this, factors associated with poor practice such as outcome switching in clinical trials are poorly understood. We performed a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the prevalence of, and the factors associated with outcome switching. PubMed and Embase were searched for pharmaceutical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in oncology reporting on a surrogate primary outcome published in 2015. Outcome switching was present in 18% (39/216). First-author male sex was significantly more likely associated with outcome switching compared to female sex with an OR of 3.05 (95% CI 1.07–8.64, p = 0.04) after multivariable adjustment. For-profit funded RCTs were less likely associated with outcome switching compared to non-profit funded research with an OR of 0.22 (95% CI 0.07–0.74, p = 0.01). First author male sex was more likely associated with outcome switching compared to female sex in drug oncology RCTs reporting on a primary surrogate endpoint. For-profit funded research was less likely associated with outcome switching compared to research funded by non-profit organizations. Furthermore, 18 percent of drug oncology trials reporting on a surrogate endpoint could have a higher risk of false positive results due to primary outcome switching.
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