| 1. |
- Henseleit, KD, et al.
(author)
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NKX6 transcription factor activity is required for alpha- and beta-cell development in the pancreas
- 2005
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In: Development (Cambridge, England). - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 132:13, s. 3139-3149
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In diabetic individuals, the imbalance in glucose homeostasis is caused by loss or dysfunction of insulin-secreting β-cells of the pancreatic islets. As successful generation of insulin-producing cells in vitro could constitute a cure for diabetes, recent studies have explored the molecular program that underlies β-cell formation. From these studies, the homeodomain transcription factor NKX6.1 has proven to be a key player. In Nkx6.1 mutants, β-cell numbers are selectively reduced, while other islet cell types develop normally. However, the molecular events downstream of NKX6.1, as well as the molecular pathways that ensure residualβ-cell formation in the absence of NKX6.1 are largely unknown. Here, we show that the Nkx6.1 paralog, Nkx6.2, is expressed during pancreas development and partially compensates for NKX6.1 function. Surprisingly, our analysis of Nkx6 compound mutant mice revealed a previously unrecognized requirement for NKX6 activity in α-cell formation. This finding suggests a more general role for NKX6 factors in endocrine cell differentiation than formerly suggested. Similar to NKX6 factors, the transcription factor MYT1 has recently been shown to regulateα- as well as β-cell development. We demonstrate that expression of Myt1 depends on overall Nkx6 gene dose, and therefore identify Myt1 as a possible downstream target of Nkx6 genes in the endocrine differentiation pathway.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Dahlbäck, Katharina, 1957, et al.
(author)
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Estetiska dimensioner i svenskämnets kursplaner från Lgr 69 till Lgr 11
- 2017
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In: Educare. - 1653-1868. ; :2017:1, s. 152-182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The possibilities young pupils have to express themselves by using ver-bal, written and aesthetic languages depend on the multilingual discourse at school. In this presentation, multilingualism is defined as languages with roots in different nations and cultures, linked to aesthetic languages (music, fine arts, literature, theatre, film and dance). The term multimo-dality is used to highlight the variety of communicative forms used by people to utilize and develop knowledge (Selander & Kress, 2010). Alt-hough people increasingly communicate by the use of different modali-ties in today’s society (Kress, 2003), the written language holds a unique position in Swedish as a school subject, and the aesthetic means of ex-pression could be said to be marginalized. The study presented is a quali-tative, comparative study based on close reading of curricula for the sub-ject Swedish from 1969 (Lgr 69) to 2011 (Lgr 11). The purpose is to make clear how aesthetic perspectives of Swedish appear in the different curricula, starting with the didactic questions on what students are ex-pected to learn, how this is told to be executed and why. Among the ana-lysed curricula, the curriculum from 1980 (Lgr 80) represents an empiri-cal, multimodal, communicative, democratic and creative approach to the subject Swedish, where aesthetic forms of expressions are emphasized. The analysis shows that the importance of these communicative forms is reduced in later curricula, leaving the aesthetical aspects in the back-ground. The possibilities represented by a variety of modalities and sign systems decrease. Instead a skill oriented school subject increase that weakens the bridges between different expressions of multilingual lan-guage. The discussion, has a focus on the problems that the curriculum implicates, when young, multilingual students are not given the possibili-ties to use their different sign systems and communicative capacity, and therefore not the possibility to learn with their full potential.
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| 4. |
- Hensen, Noah, et al.
(author)
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Genome-scale phylogeny and comparative genomics of the fungal order Sordariales
- 2023
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In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier. - 1055-7903 .- 1095-9513. ; 189
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The order Sordariales is taxonomically diverse, and harbours many species with different lifestyles and large economic importance. Despite its importance, a robust genome-scale phylogeny, and associated comparative genomic analysis of the order is lacking.In this study, we examined whole-genome data from 99 Sordariales, including 52 newly sequenced genomes, and seven outgroup taxa. We inferred a comprehensive phylogeny that resolved several contentious relationships amongst families in the order, and cleared-up intrafamily relationships within the Podosporaceae. Extensive comparative genomics showed that genomes from the three largest families in the dataset (Chae-tomiaceae, Podosporaceae and Sordariaceae) differ greatly in GC content, genome size, gene number, repeat percentage, evolutionary rate, and genome content affected by repeat-induced point mutations (RIP). All genomic traits showed phylogenetic signal, and ancestral state reconstruction revealed that the variation of the properties stems primarily from within-family evolution. Together, the results provide a thorough framework for understanding genome evolution in this important group of fungi.
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| 5. |
- Sverdrup, Harald, et al.
(author)
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Modelling Change in Ground Vegetation Response to Acid and Nitrogen Pollution, Climate Change and Forest Management in Sweden 1500--2100 a.d.
- 2007
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In: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2940 .- 1567-7230. ; 7:1, s. 163-179
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ForSAFE model, designed for modelling biogeochemical cycles (water, acidity, base cation, nitrogen and carbon) in terrestrial ecosystems, was modified with a vegetation response module (VEG), incorporating the effects of: nitrogen pollution, acidification, soil moisture, temperature, wind chill exposure, light and shading by trees, grazing by animals, competition between plants, above ground for light and below ground for water and nutrients. The model calculates the response of number ground vegetation plant groups. The integrated model was tested and validated at integrated level II forest monitoring sites across Sweden, four have been shown here, and used to assess the effect of acidification and nitrogen pollution in relation to factors such as climate change, forest management and changing grazing pressure. The response functions have been derived from single-factor experiments and integrated through the model structure for use on whole systems. The tests with the model suggest that the ground vegetation composition is reasonably well predicted, that much research remains before the model is fully tested and operational, and that the model may serve as a tool for assessing impacts of climate change, acid rain and forest management on plant biodiversity in forested areas.
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| 6. |
- Sverdrup, Harald, et al.
(author)
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Testing the Feasibility of Using the ForSAFE-VEG Model to Map the Critical Load of Nitrogen to Protect Plant Biodiversity in the Rocky Mountains Region, USA
- 2012
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In: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2932 .- 0049-6979. ; 223:1, s. 371-387
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ForSAFE-VEG model was used to estimate atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate effects on soil chemistry and ground vegetation in alpine and subalpine zones of the northern and central Rocky Mountains region in the USA from 1750 to 2500. Model simulations for a generalized site illustrated how the critical load of atmospheric nitrogen deposition could be estimated to protect plant biodiversity. The results appear reasonable compared with past model applications in northern Europe. Atmospheric N deposition critical loads estimated to protect plant biodiversity were 1 to 2 kg N/ha/year. This range could be greater, depending on the values selected for critical site-specific parameters (precipitation, temperature, soil chemistry, plant nutrient uptake, and any eventual harvest of biomass) and the amount of biodiversity change allowed.
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| 9. |
- Dahlbäck, Katharina, 1957
(author)
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Estetiska kommunikationsformers utrymme i svenskämnets kursplaner
- 2015
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In: NNMF5 Konferens Åbo, 3-4 december.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den möjlighet barn har att få använda och uttrycka sig med alla språk de bär med sig beror på vilken språksyn som råder i skolan. I artikeln som presenteras används begreppet multimodalitet för att belysa de många olika kommunikationsvägar och teckensystem genom vilka människor kan erövra och utveckla kunskap (Selander & Kress, 2010). Trots att människor kommunicerar alltmer genom olika modaliteter i dagens samhälle (Kress, 2003), intar skriftspråket en särställning i svenskämnet och de estetiska uttryckssätten marginaliseras. Den pågående studie som presenteras är en kvalitativ komparativ närläsning av kursplaner i svenska från Lgr 69 till Lgr 11. Syftet är att synliggöra hur estetiska perspektiv i svenskämnet framträder i de olika kursplanerna med utgångspunkt i de didaktiska frågor som rör vad eleven förväntas lära sig, hur det ska gå till och varför. Bland de kursplaner som analyseras står Lgr 80 för ett erfarenhetsbaserat, multimodalt, kommunikativt, demokratiskt och skapande svenskämne där de estetiska uttrycksformerna lyfts fram. Analysen visar att vikten av dessa förmågor i senare kursplaner reduceras vilket gör att de estetiska aspekterna kommer i bakgrunden. De möjligheter som ges genom olika modaliteter och teckensystem minskar till förmån för ett mer färdighetsbaserat svenskämne vilket medför att de bryggor till kommunikation, uttryck och upplevelser mellan olika uttrycksformer som funnits inom ämnet försvagas. Diskussionen, med analysen av kursplanerna som grund, inriktas på en problematisering av vad det innebär att elever inte får tillräckliga möjligheter att utnyttja olika teckensystem och kommunikationsformer och därmed inte kan använda och utveckla alla sina språk.
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| 10. |
- Hannukainen, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Dissipation-driven quantum phase transitions and symmetry breaking
- 2018
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In: Physical Review A: covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 98:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By considering a solvable driven-dissipative quantum model, we demonstrate that continuous phase transitions in dissipative systems may occur without an accompanying symmetry breaking. As such, the underlying mechanism for this type of transition is qualitatively different from that of continuous equilibrium phase transitions. In our model, the transition is solely a result of the interplay between Hamiltonian and dissipative dynamics and manifests as a nonanalyticity in the steady state. (rho) over cap (ss) in the thermodynamic limit. Based on knowledge from critical classical models we suggest that this behavior derives from a rounding of a first-order phase transition into a continuous one due to large environment-induced fluctuations. Despite being conceptually different from the traditional continuous transitions, we show that expectations of local observables can still be characterized by a set of critical exponents.
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