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- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Gas Monitoring in Human Body Cavities Using Non-Intrusive Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
- 2012
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In: 2012 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. - : IEEE. - 2162-108X. ; , s. 4-7
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Diode laser absorption spectroscopy was utilized for non-intrusive assessment of gas content in human body cavities, including intestines and lungs of a new-born, the mastoid bone, and sinus cavities for monitoring sinusitis recovery in adults.
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2. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Non-intrusive headspace gas measurements by laser spectroscopy – Performance validation by a reference sensor
- 2012
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In: Journal of Food Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0260-8774. ; 111:4, s. 612-617
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedThe oxygen concentration in the headspace of a large number of liquid food containers is assessed with non-intrusive diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The results are compared to those given by a traditional intrusive measurement method. The upper portions of the containers are made of translucent but non-transparent plastic materials, through which the laser light is diffusively transmitted. Measurements are performed both on packages with modified atmosphere and with normal air conditions. It is concluded that the novel non-intrusive technique provides oxygen concentrations that generally differ by less than one percentage point from the reference sensor values.
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3. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Non-invasive gas monitoring in newborn infants using diode laser absorption spectroscopy: A case study
- 2012
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In: Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XII: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics; and Design and Performance Validation of Phantoms Used in Conjunction with Optical Measurement of Tissue IV. - : SPIE. - 1996-756X .- 0277-786X. ; 8229
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Non-invasive diode laser spectroscopy was, for the first time, used to assess gas content in the intestines and the lungs of a new-born, 4 kg, baby. Two gases, water vapor and oxygen, were studied with two low-power tunable diode lasers, illuminating the surface skin tissue and detecting the diffusely emerging light a few centimeters away. The light, having penetrated into the tissue, had experienced absorption by gas located in the lungs and in the intestines. Very distinct water vapor signals were obtained from the intestines while imprint from oxygen was lacking, as expected. Detectable, but minor, signals of water vapor were also obtained from the lungs, illuminating the armpit area and detecting below the collar bone. Water vapor signals were seen but again oxygen signals were lacking, now due to the difficulties of penetration of the oxygen probing light into the lungs of this full-term baby. Ultra-sound images were obtained both from the lungs and from the stomach of the baby. Based on dimensions and our experimental findings, we conclude, that for early pre-term babies, also oxygen should be detectable in the lungs, in addition to intestine and lung detection of water vapor. The present paper focuses on the studies of the intestines while the lung studies will be covered in a forthcoming paper.
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4. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Noninvasive monitoring of gas in the lungs and intestines of newborn infants using diode lasers: feasibility study.
- 2013
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In: Journal of Biomedical Optics. - 1083-3668. ; 18:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ABSTRACT. Preterm newborn infants have a high morbidity rate. The most frequently affected organs where free gas is involved are the lungs and intestines. In respiratory distress syndrome, both hyperexpanded and atelectatic (collapsed) areas occur, and in necrotizing enterocolitis, intramural gas may appear in the intestine. Today, these conditions are diagnosed with x-ray radiography. A bed-side, rapid, nonintrusive, and gas-specific technique for in vivo gas sensing would improve diagnosis. We report the use of noninvasive laser spectroscopy, for the first time, to assess gas content in the lungs and intestines of three full-term infants. Water vapor and oxygen were studied with two low-power diode lasers, illuminating the skin and detecting light a few centimeters away. Water vapor was easily detected in the intestines and was also observed in the lungs. The relatively thick chest walls of the infants prevented detection of the weaker oxygen signal in this study. However, results from a previous phantom study, together with scaling of the results presented here to the typical chest-wall thickness of preterm infants, suggest that oxygen also should be detectable in their lungs.
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5. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Passive unmanned sky spectroscopy for remote bird classification
- 2011
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In: Remote Sensing For Agriculture, Ecosystems, And Hydrology XIII. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 8174
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a method based on passive spectroscopy with aim to remotely study flying birds. A compact spectrometer is continuously recording spectra of a small section of the sky, waiting for birds to obscure part of the field-of-view when they pass the field in flight. In such situations the total light intensity received through the telescope, looking straight up, will change very rapidly as compared to the otherwise slowly varying sky light. On passage of a bird, both the total intensity and the spectral shape of the captured light changes notably. A camera aimed in the same direction as the telescope, although with a wider field-of-view, is triggered by the sudden intensity changes in the spectrometer to record additional information, which may be used for studies of migration and orientation. Example results from a trial are presented and discussed. The study is meant to explore the information that could be gathered and extracted with the help of a spectrometer connected to a telescope. Information regarding the color, size and height of flying birds is discussed. Specifically, an application for passive distance determination utilizing the atmospheric oxygen A-band absorption at around 760 nm is discussed.
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6. |
- Tylewicz, Urszula, et al.
(author)
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Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy (GASMAS) Detected Persistent Vacuum in Apple Tissue After Vacuum Impregnation
- 2012
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In: Food Biophysics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1866 .- 1557-1858. ; 7:1, s. 28-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The microstructure and the capillary pressure of the pore space are important variables for better understanding of the complex phenomena occurring during vacuum impregnation (VI) of plant tissues. In this study, we used GASMAS (Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy) of oxygen to, non-destructively, measure the dynamics of the internal pressure in apple pieces after restoration of the atmospheric pressure. Apple pieces were impregnated with isotonic sucrose solution (18% w/v) at different reduced pressures (15, 30, 45 kPa (abs.)). After restoration of the atmospheric pressure, the pressure of the remaining pore space gas could remain as low as 50 kPa (abs) and rise slowly toward ambient over a time scale of hours. Both the residual vacuum and the timescale of pressure equilibration with ambient varied with applied vacuum level and apple variety. It is proposed that at least a part of the pore space of apples may be hydrophobic, giving rise to a negative Laplace pressure, and thus the convective flow of impregnating solution is arrested at a mechanical equilibrium where internal pressure is lower than external pressure. Further pressure equilibration can then only be achieved either by gas diffusion in gas phase, or by gradual wetting of the pores.
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