| 1. |
- Dey, Estera, et al.
(författare)
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The Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Conjugated Trans-2-Nonenal (T2N), an Off-Flavor Compound in Beer and Heat Processed food Arising from Lipid Oxidation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Polish Journal of Microbiology. - 1733-1331. ; 54:Supplement, s. 47-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the toxic effect of E(2)nonenal (trans-2-nonenal, T2N) and its conjugate with horse muscle myoglobin (Mb) tested on murine cell line L929 and human cell line A549, as well as the genotoxic effect of these compounds assayed by measuring of micronuclei in human cells K562. It is an aldehyde, which is occurring as the substance responsible for an off flavour in aged beers, but originates also from lipid oxidation in heat processed food. T2N is an aldehyde formed from linoleic acid as a secondary oxidation product. The modification of Mb with T2N was analyzed with the use of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and electrospray ionization mass spec-trometry (ESI-MS). Results from SDS-PAGE suggest that T2N substitutes Mb and additionally causes cross-linking with polymerization of Mb resulting in an insoluble fraction. The ESI-MS spectrum of the soluble fraction used in the toxicity tests, demonstrated that conjugation of T2N with Mb yielded Mb adducts with one residue of trans-2-nonenal per myoglobin molecule as the major fraction and adducts with different numbers of T2N molecules as minor fractions. In the cytotoxicity assay the T2N and its Mb conjugate causes 50% destruction of cells at the concentration 95-125 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml respectively, when L929 and A549 cell lines were used, whereas Mb control tested up to 2000 mg/ml was without any cytotoxic effect. In genotoxicity in vitro assay we have observed that the T2N and its Mb conjugate expressed the genotoxicity. The number of micronuclei in human K562 cells reached 26±2.16 promille (MN/1000 cells), comparing to 62 ± 8.64 MN/1000 cells for the reference free T2N, whereas a control value was 10.33 ±1.25 MN/1000 cells. The studied compounds expressed also the apoptotic effect in K562 cells as the number of apoptotic cells increased to 44.67 ±4.92 promille for T2N-Mb, comparing to 168.67 ±37.28 promille for free T2N, whereas a control value was 30.33 ± 1.36 promille for Mb. In these assays the T2N-Mb conjugate is several times more toxic in relation to control protein. Results indicate that T2N adducts with protein are potent to induce various cytotoxic and apoptotic effects when assayed in vitro tests. It suggests that higher level of such aldehyde might create in organism severe potential of toxicity.
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| 2. |
- Knasnik, L, et al.
(författare)
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Routine clinical laboratory tests correspond to increased serum levels of 3-hydroxy fatty acids, markers of endotoxins, in cardiosurgery patients
- 2006
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Ingår i: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0004-069X .- 1661-4917. ; 54:1, s. 55-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Endotoxemia developing during cardiosurgery as elevated endotoxin concentrations in patient's serum may prevail over 24 h after operation. A major reason is thought to be increased gut permeability resulting in endotoxin and bacterial leakage. In this study we aimed to measure endotoxin levels on samples obtained during and after cardiovascular procedures and compare them with clinical observations and laboratory test results. Materials and Methods: 3-Hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs) of 10-18 carbon chain length, chemical markers of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), were determined in patient sera by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based analysis. Results were compared with routine laboratory tests: blood morphology, urine, ALT, AST, bilirubin, kidney parameters, clotting parameters, and gasometry. Results: Of a total of 16 patients, 5 patients (group I) showed increased serum 3-OH FA levels and 11 patients (group II) did not show any change in 3-OH FA levels 24 h after operation. All group I patients revealed leukocytosis, two developed post-operative anemia. Significantly different changes were observed: the initial, pre-operative 3-OH FA levels were similar for both groups, while group I patients showed increased levels of all the studied 3-OH FAs during the operation (p <= 0.05), and 3-OH C14 and 3-OH C16 remained elevated 24 h after the operation. Conclusions: Cardiosurgery may strongly promote gut endotoxin translocation to the blood in some patients. Prolonged leukocytosis, deep anemia, and increased liver dysfunction markers may indicate the need for observation of possible endotoxemia development. It is recommended to monitor the endotoxin level and/or endotoxemia markers in cardiosurgery patients.
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| 3. |
- Novik, Galina, et al.
(författare)
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A novel procedure for the isolation of glycolipids from Bifidobacterium adolescentis 94 BIM using supercritical carbon dioxide
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4863 .- 0168-1656. ; 121:4, s. 555-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes a novel isolation procedure for major glycolipids from Bifidobacterium adolescentis 94 BIM. The procedure consists of the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) with hydro-methanolic solution as co-solvent. The major Glycolipids were isolated using the following operating conditions: pressure, 30 MPa, co-solvent concentration, 10% (9:1, methanol/water, v/v), CO2 flow rate, 5 g/min, extraction time and temperature, 2 h and 55 degrees C, respectively. The reference glycolipids sample was prepared by classical organic solvent extraction followed by chromatographic purification. All isolates were characterized by TLC and the major glycolipids additionally by enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA). Sixty milligrams of glycolipids with similar immunoreactivity as the reference glycolipids were isolated from I a of freeze-dried biomass (6% of yield). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Rybka, J., et al.
(författare)
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The use of ScCO2 for the extraction of LPS from S. enterica subsp. PCM 2266
- 2009
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Ingår i: Current Research Topics In Applied Microbiology And Microbial Biotechnology. ; , s. 460-464
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes a novel extraction procedure for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (PCM 2266). Process parameters for the extraction of LPS from bacterial mass were optimized by carrying out a two-level fractional design experiment. Four parameters, namely temperature, CO, flow rate, pressure and co-solvent composition were analyzed. The best crude extract yields were achieved when the CO, flow rate and temperature were kept high (10g/min, 90 degrees C) and pure water was used as a co-solvent. Pressure had no statistically significant effects within the range of the study performed, whereas the other factors were relevant. The recovery of the extracted LPS by scCO(2) was about 3.3% of the biomass used, while in the classical extraction method yield was less than 2%. All isolates were characterized by SDS-PAGE, by the spectra of the thiobarbituric acid reaction products and GLC-MS analysis.
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| 6. |
- Szponar, B, et al.
(författare)
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Protein Fraction of Barley Spent Grain as a New Simple Medium for Growth and Sporulation of Soil Actinobacteria.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Letters. - 1573-6776. ; 25:20, s. 1717-1721
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cheap value-added product, the protein fraction of barley spent grains is proposed as a source of a potential and economical cultivation medium. We showed that medium composed of protein fraction extract allows the isolation of actinobacteria, especially Streptomyces, from soil samples, and enhances the sporulation. It was used for the screening and production of the biologically active substances from actinobacteria.
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