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- Bugaytsova, Jeanna, et al.
(author)
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pH regulated H. pylori adherence : implications for persistent infection and disease
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori’s BabA adhesin binds strongly to gastric mucosal ABH/Leb glycans on the stomach epithelium and overlying mucus, materials continuously shed into the acidic gastric lumen. Here we report that this binding is acid labile, acid inactivation is fully reversible; and acid lability profiles vary with BabA sequence and correlate with disease patterns. Isogenic H. pylori strains from the gastric antrum and more acidic corpus were identified that differed in acid lability of receptor binding and in sequence near BabA’s carbohydrate binding domain. We propose that reversible acid inactivation of receptor binding helps H. pylori avoid clearance by mucosal shedding, and that strain differences in acid lability affect tissue tropism and the spectrum of associated gastric diseases.
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- Einberg, Eva-Lena, et al.
(author)
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Stress, smärta och ledsenhet hos barn och ungdomar
- 2021
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In: Barnsliga sammanhang. - Kristianstad : Kristianstad University Press. ; , s. 58-68
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Barn och ungas hälsa och välbefinnande är en global angelägenhet. Hälsobesvär kan vara både fysiska och psykiska, och kan komma till uttryck genom exempelvis sömnsvårigheter, smärta och ledsenhet. Eftersom hälsobesvär uttrycks på olika sätt kan de vara svåra att tolka och det kan därför vara utmanande att ge effektivt stöd och behandling. Det finns dessutom en risk för att vardagliga känslouttryck betraktas som sjukliga och att de medicineras (Horwitz & Wakefield, 2007). Ledsenhet är å ena sidan en känsla som människor återkommande erfar under livet, men ledsenhet är också ett av symtomen vid depression. I föreliggande kapitel presenterar vi populärvetenskapliga sammanfattningar av flera studier som genomförts inom ramen för forskningsprojektet ”Stress, smärta och läkemedelsanvändning hos barn och ungdomar” vid Forskningsplattformen Hälsa i Samverkan, Högskolan Kristianstad. Den första undersökningen är en tvärsnitts-studie som handlar om ledsenhet och hälsobesvär hos ungdomar. Därefter presenteras två intervjustudier om skolbarns erfarenheter av stress respektive smärta. Slutligen presenterar vi två intervjustudier som belyser skolsköterskors perspektiv. Den ena fokuserar på skolsköterskors stöd till elever som upplever stress och smärta och samtidigt har en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning. Den andra studien beskriver skolsköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta under covid-19-pandemin.
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- Hou, Jungang, et al.
(author)
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Promoting Active Sites in Core-Shell Nanowire Array as Mott-Schottky Electrocatalysts for Efficient and Stable Overall Water Splitting
- 2018
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In: Advanced Functional Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 28:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Developing earth-abundant, active, and robust electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains a vital challenge for efficient conversion of sustainable energy sources. Herein, metal-semiconductor hybrids are reported with metallic nanoalloys on various defective oxide nanowire arrays (Cu/CuOx, Co/CoOx, and CuCo/CuCoOx) as typical Mott-Schottky electrocatalysts. To build the highway of continuous electron transport between metals and semiconductors, nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) has been implanted on metal-semiconductor nanowire array as core-shell conductive architecture. As expected, NC/CuCo/CuCoOx nanowires arrays, as integrated Mott-Schottky electrocatalysts, present an overpotential of 112 mV at 10 mA cm(-2) and a low Tafel slope of 55 mV dec(-1) for HER, simultaneously delivering an overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA cm(-2) for OER. Most importantly, NC/CuCo/CuCoOx architectures, as both the anode and the cathode for overall water splitting, exhibit a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) at a cell voltage of 1.53 V with excellent stability due to high conductivity, large active surface area, abundant active sites, and the continuous electron transport from prominent synergetic effect among metal, semiconductor, and nitrogen-doped carbon. This work represents an avenue to design and develop efficient and stable Mott-Schottky bifunctional electrocatalysts for promising energy conversion.
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| 7. |
- Lambert, A., et al.
(author)
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Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder middle atmosphere water vapor and nitrous oxide measurements
- 2007
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In: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 112:D24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The quality of the version 2.2 (v2.2) middle atmosphere water vapor and nitrous oxide measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aura satellite is assessed. The impacts of the various sources of systematic error are estimated by a comprehensive set of retrieval simulations. Comparisons with correlative data sets from ground-based, balloon and satellite platforms operating in the UV/ visible, infrared and microwave regions of the spectrum are performed. Precision estimates are also validated, and recommendations are given on the data usage. The v2.2 H 2 O data have been improved over v1.5 by providing higher vertical resolution in the lower stratosphere and better precision above the stratopause. The single-profile precision is ∼0.2-0.3 ppmv (4-9%), and the vertical resolution is ∼3-4 km in the stratosphere. The precision and vertical resolution become worse with increasing height above the stratopause. Over the pressure range 0.1-0.01 hPa the precision degrades from 0.4 to 1.1 ppmv (6-34%), and the vertical resolution degrades to ∼12-16 km. The accuracy is estimated to be 0.2-0.5 ppmv (4-11%) for the pressure range 68-0.01 hPa. The scientifically useful range of the H 2 O data is from 316 to 0.002 hPa, although only the 82-0.002 hPa pressure range is validated here. Substantial improvement has been achieved in the v2.2 N 2 O data over v1.5 by reducing a significant low bias in the stratosphere and eliminating unrealistically high biased mixing ratios in the polar regions. The single-profile precision is ∼13-25 ppbv (7-38%), the vertical resolution is ∼4-6 km and the accuracy is estimated to be 3-70 ppbv (9-25%) for the pressure range 100-4.6 hPa. The scientifically useful range of the N 2 O data is from 100 to 1 hPa. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.
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| 8. |
- Talla, Venkat, et al.
(author)
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Rapid Increase in Genome Size as a Consequence of Transposable Element Hyperactivity in Wood-White (Leptidea) Butterflies
- 2017
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In: Genome Biology and Evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1759-6653. ; 9:10, s. 2491-2505
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Characterizing and quantifying genome size variation among organisms and understanding if genome size evolves as a consequence of adaptive or stochastic processes have been long-standing goals in evolutionary biology. Here, we investigate genome size variation and association with transposable elements (TEs) across lepidopteran lineages using a novel genome assembly of the common wood-white (Leptidea sinapis) and population re-sequencing data from both L. sinapis and the closely related L. reali and L. juvernica together with 12 previously available lepidopteran genome assemblies. A phylogenetic analysis confirms established relationships among species, but identifies previously unknown intraspecific structure within Leptidea lineages. The genome assembly of L. sinapis is one of the largest of any lepidopteran taxon so far (643Mb) and genome size is correlated with abundance of TEs, both in Lepidoptera in general and within Leptidea where L. juvernica from Kazakhstan has considerably larger genome size than any other Leptidea population. Specific TE subclasses have been active in different Lepidoptera lineages with a pronounced expansion of predominantly LINEs, DNA elements, and unclassified TEs in the Leptidea lineage after the split from other Pieridae. The rate of genome expansion in Leptidea in general has been in the range of four Mb/Million year (My), with an increase in a particular L. juvernica population to 72Mb/My. The considerable differences in accumulation rates of specific TE classes in different lineages indicate that TE activity plays a major role in genome size evolution in butterflies and moths.
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