| 1. |
- Lind, Judith, 1971-
(författare)
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Child welfare assessments and the regulation of access to publicly funded fertility treatment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Reproductive BioMedicine Online. - : Elsevier. - 1472-6483 .- 1472-6491 .- 2405-6618. ; 10, s. 19-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessment of the psychological and social circumstances of candidates for assisted reproduction is commonly justified with references to the welfare of the intended child. In nine focus group discussions with 64 clinic staff at four public fertility clinics in Sweden, the responsible use of public resources constituted another important justification for such assessments. Theoretically, this study draws on Julia Black’s (2002) identification of the role of regulatory conversations in decision makers’ policy interpretations. Focus groups defined the desired outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment as a well - functioning family , and represented the aim of ART treatment as solving problems without creating new problems for the candidates, the intended child or society. In the discourse of solving and preventing problems, the welfare of the child argument, the responsible use of resources argument and the discourse of personal responsibility merge. Lack of consideration for the circumstances in which the child will grow up was not considered a responsible use of resources because ART treatment would then risk creating more problems than it solved. The results of this study suggest that while publicly funded subsidization of fertility treatment has increased accessibility to ART treatment for candidates who lack the financial means to pay, clinic staff justified restricting access to ART treatment with concern for how public resources are spent.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Hans, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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- 2007
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Ingår i: 8th International Research Network on Organizing by Projects Conference,2007.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
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| 3. |
- Kobelt, G, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness analysis in glaucoma: what drives utility? Results from a pilot study in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1395-3907 .- 1600-0420. ; 84:3, s. 363-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the effect of different levels of visual field defect in glaucoma on utilities and to test if utilities could be assessed using a general questionnaire such as the EQ-5D. Methods: A cross-sectional study in 199 patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma grouped into 5 severity stages according to visual field defects was performed in 4 specialized ophthalmic centres. Descriptive analysis was performed for the sample and by stage, and the effect of vision loss on utility was investigated with multiple step-wise regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the sample was 70 and the mean MD in the worse eye was -13.1 dB (SD 10.2). Visual acuity (VA) was 0.63 and 0.87 in the worse and better eye, respectively, and the mean utility was 0.80 (SD 0.23). Utility decreased with increasing glaucomatous damage, ranging from 0.84 for mild disease to 0.72 for severe damage (MD -2.5 to -28.1), but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant when controlling for co-morbidity, except for the most severe stage (p < 0.01). In multiple regression analysis, visual field in the better eye was significantly correlated with utility, and there was an indirect correlation between visual field in the worse eye and utility: the effect of total VA on utility was significant, and MD in the worse eye was correlated with total VA. Conclusions: Utility is strongly correlated with overall vision. Our results suggest a relationship between glaucomatous damage and utility, and patients with severe damage have a significantly lower utility. However, this should be further investigated in larger samples that include more patients with moderate-severe bilateral damage.
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| 4. |
- Álvarez de Andrés, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Networked Social Movements and the Politics of Mortgage: From the Right to Housing to the Assault on Institutions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Lessons from the Great Recession: At the Crossroads of Sustainability and Recovery (Advances in Sustainability and Environmental Justice, Volume 18). - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2051-5030. ; , s. 231-249
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In the aftermath of the Great Recession, over 500,000 families have been evicted from their homes since Spain’s property market crashed in 2008. The response of Spanish local communities has been the emergence of a networked social movement, Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH), endeavouring to build a more sustainable future through upholding the right to housing. This chapter examines the ability of the PAH social movement to uphold the right to housing and prompt social and institutional change in Spain. Methodology/approach: This is a single-case study of the PAH social movement in Spain. The data are of three types: texts, photos, and films disseminated via the mass media, social networks, and PAH websites; informal conversations with PAH participants from Barcelona and Madrid; and observations and personal interviews held in two local PAH groups, that is, Móstoles and Elche. Findings: In this chapter, first we explore the birth of PAH and its later spread from Barcelona to hundreds of cities in Spain and beyond, as a social reaction to the economic recession and decisions made by political, administrative, and financial institutions in response to the economic crisis. Then, by analysing the internal dynamics of two PAH groups, we discuss how networked social movements such as PAH can create spaces of citizenship that challenge taken-for-granted principles of capitalism, prompting social change. Finally, we uncover how, due to PAH’s advocacy work addressing a structural lack of emergency and social housing, the Spanish public administration is developing new roles and allocating new resources to guarantee the right to housing, a social policy area historically neglected in Spain. Practical implications: New social housing offices are being established in municipalities in Spain as a result of PAH’s advocacy work. Originality/value: The strengthening of social capital and movements in the aftermath of the economic crisis has the ability to prompt investment in social areas such as housing.
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| 5. |
- Adler, Niclas, et al.
(författare)
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- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Ingår i: Research Evaluation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0958-2029 .- 1471-5449. ; 22:1, s. 15-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article introduces an agent-based simulation model representing the dynamic processes of cooperative R&D in the manufacturing sector of South Korea. Firms’ behaviors were defined according to empirical findings on a data set from the internationally standardized Korean Innovation Survey in 2005. Simulation algorithms and parameters were defined based on the determinants of firms’ likelihood to participate in cooperation with other firms when conducting innovation activities. The calibration process was conducted to the point where artificially generated scenarios were equivalent to the one observed in the real world. The aim of this simulation game was to create a basic implementation that could be extended to test different policies strategies in order to observe sector responses (including cross-sector spillovers) when promoting cooperative innovation. Based on the evaluation of simulated research collaboration data, sector responses to strategies concerning government intervention in R&D of the firms can now be assessed.
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| 7. |
- Pham, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep Satisfaction May Modify the Association between Metabolic Syndrome and BMI, Respectively, and Occupational Stress in Japanese Office Workers
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between obesity and psychological stress is ambiguous. The aim is to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and body mass index (BMI), respectively, with occupational stress among Japanese office workers. The study is a secondary analysis of the intervention group from a randomized controlled trial. There are 167 participants included in the analysis. Occupational stress is self-reported using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ). BMI and the classification of MetS/pre-MetS was based on the participants’ annual health check-up data. The primary exposure is divided into three groups: no MetS, pre-MetS, and MetS in accordance with Japanese guidelines. The secondary exposure, BMI, remains as a continuous variable. Multiple linear regression is implemented. Sensitivity analyses are stratified by sleep satisfaction. Pre-MetS is significantly associated with occupational stress (7.84 points; 95% CI: 0.17, 15.51). Among participants with low sleep satisfaction, pre-MetS (14.09 points; 95% CI: 1.71, 26.48), MetS (14.72 points; 95% CI: 0.93, 28.51), and BMI (2.54 points; 95% CI: 0.05, 4.99) are all significantly associated with occupational stress. No significant associations are observed in participants with high sleep satisfaction. The findings of this study indicate that sleep satisfaction may modify the association between MetS and BMI, respectively, and occupational stress.
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| 8. |
- Bryan, Jim, et al.
(författare)
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The local Gromov-Witten theory of curves
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Mathematical Society. - 0894-0347 .- 1088-6834. ; 21:1, s. 101-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Mirzaei, Atena, et al.
(författare)
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The Groundwater‒Energy‒Food Nexus in Iran's Agricultural Sector : Implications for Water Security
- 2019
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Ingår i: Water. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4441. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the first groundwater-energy-food (GEF) nexus study of Iran's agronomic crops based on national and provincial datasets and firsthand estimates of agricultural groundwater withdrawal. We use agronomic crop production, water withdrawal, and energy consumption data to estimate groundwater withdrawal from electric-powered irrigation wells and examine agronomic productivity in Iran's 31 provinces through the lens of GEF nexus. The ex-post GEF analysis sheds light on some of the root causes of the nation's worsening water shortage problems. Access to highly subsidized water (surface water and groundwater) and energy has been the backbone of agricultural expansion policies in Iran, supporting employment in agrarian communities. Consequently, water use for agronomic crop production has greatly overshot the renewable water supply capacity of the country, making water bankruptcy a serious national security threat. Significant groundwater table decline across the country and increasing energy consumption underscore dysfunctional feedback relations between agricultural water and energy price and groundwater withdrawal in an inefficient agronomic sector. Thus, it is essential to implement holistic policy reforms aimed at reducing agricultural water consumption to alleviate the looming water bankruptcy threats, which can lead to the loss of numerous agricultural jobs in the years to come.
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| 10. |
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