| 1. |
- Pajalic, Oleg, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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An evaluation by elderly people living at home of the prepared meals distributed by their municipality - a study with focus on the Swedish context.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Global journal of health science. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1916-9744 .- 1916-9736. ; 7:3, s. 59-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prepared meals distributed by municipalities is a service to elderly people, or persons with health related impairments, who live in their own home, have difficulties preparing their own food and cannot meet their food requirements in any other way. This study aimed to provide a brief picture of how elderly people living at home perceive the food they receive through their municipal food service and what is important to them. The data was collected using questionnaires. 274 out of 276 participants answered the questionnaire (n=173 women 62% and n=101 man 37%). The data was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that the elderly persons receiving meals through the service were often satisfied, especially with the size of the portions and the delivery time. Those who had been using the food delivery service for a longer time were not satisfied with the alternative dishes they were been offered. There was no significant difference between the views of either gender. Further, those who were receiving special food were, in general, unsatisfied with the meals delivered. Development of the food distribution service by systematic quality insurance and interactive knowledge exchange between the producers and consumers seems to be a way to promote a more holistic and individual adjusted service. Evaluation of the municipal FD service is a powerful tool that can contribute to the development of this service. The food service can be improved and consequently even the quality of life and health of its receivers. The present survey should be revisited and developed in order to detect differences between genders.
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| 2. |
- Pajalic, Zada, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-based training program for health- and acre professionals involved in breastfeeding support, an intervention project that involve decision makers, professionals and care users
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an urgent need to facilitate the development of more effective breastfeeding support strategies. The desired research will focus on knowledge-based service innovation that include intervention in form of computer-based training program aimed for training of health and care professionals involved in breastfeeding support. The intervention in the proposed study will contribute to more effective adoption of new knowledge in healthcare organisations. Further, the proposed project will be organised as an interdisciplinary and crosswise sectorial collaboration and will be customized at a national and international level, by involving decision-makers, researchers, health care professionals and care users. Ambition with this project is to contribute to increased breastfeeding frequency by increasing competence in professional support in related healthcare services and midwife education program. There is also an urgent need for evidence based technical solutions as a professional support for the professionalsto more effectively implement new research in practice. This project will contribute health care with high quality and resource use. The overall aim for the project is to implement and evaluate new innovative solutions in order to improve long-term strategies for professional support and quality of care, related to knowledge-based breastfeeding support. The design method for the project is longitudinal randomized controlled intervention trial. The intervention will be computer-based training education program developed in collaboration with decision-makers, professionals and researchers. Data will be gained before and after intervention by using: Breastfeeding attitudes among counselling health professionals (An instrument based on WHO standards was developed to measure breastfeeding attitudes), Mother-to-infant Relation and Feelings (MIRF) scale and Mother-Perceived-Professional-Professional support (MoPPS) scale. For successful intervention, it is important that decision-makers are involved in the researchprocess, so that suggested changes can be possible if they actively participate and encourage the project as well as the adoption of research results in practice. Involvement of stakeholders in the research demand facilitation of the research process. This can enable cooperation by using project management techniques as co-counselling and clinical reflection. The outcome of the project will be multiple may be placed in a regional, national, international or global context. Firstly, the project will contribute to development of knowledge-based professionals’ competence with focus on to support breastfeeding from first breastfeeding time, to minimise usage of infant formula during first week of life, longer exclusive- and predominant breastfeeding and stronger connection between mother and child. This topic will fit with theme Nutrition and Lactation.
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| 3. |
- Pajalic, Zada, et al.
(författare)
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Women's education and profession midwifery in Nordic countries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Sciences. - : University of Sarajevo Faculty of Health Sciences. - 2232-7576 .- 1986-8049. ; 9:3, s. 127-135
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Help at birth is one of the historically oldest volunteers supports that a woman has offered to another woman. One of the reasons for high maternal and infant mortality was identified as a lack of basic medical knowledge among the woman who helped during birth and this required immediate action to secure the survival of nations. When the Church and government made demands for education and professional license, the voluntary help at birth transformed into an educated and paid profession for women. The study aimed to describe the evolution of women’s education and the midwifery profession in Nordic countries from the 1600s until today. Methods: Historical and contemporary documents, research and grey literature, are drawn together to provide a historical description of the midwifery professional development and education in Nordic countries. Results: In the Nordic countries, governments from the 1600s had significant problems with high maternal and infant mortality. Most vulnerable were unmarried women and their children. To change the trend, northern countries had been inspired by France, Holland, England, and Germany, which had introduced education and a professional license for midwives. The targeted and systematic investment in midwifery education, followed by industrialization and welfare development in Nordic countries, has resulted in one of the highest survival rates for mothers and infants in the world today. In parallel with this, it has created the first female paid profession in history. Today, midwifery education is at the university level in all Nordic countries, and the certified midwife is responsible for pre- and post-natal care and normal birth. In Sweden, Norway, and Iceland, the midwife’s responsibility also includes contraception counseling and prescription of drugs for birth control purposes. Conclusions: The education and professional licenses have contributed to a progressively improved care of birth women and infants. The professional and licensed midwife is positioned in society as an essential player in the current development of pre- and post-natal care. Furthermore, the graduated and licensed midwife positioned herself as the first paid professional female profession in modern history.
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| 6. |
- Arvidsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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”Risk för undernäring”
- 2013
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Buckley, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal and newborn plasma oxytocin levels in response to maternal synthetic oxytocin administration during labour, birth and postpartum : a systematic review with implications for the function of the oxytocinergic system
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The reproductive hormone oxytocin facilitates labour, birth and postpartum adaptations for women and newborns. Synthetic oxytocin is commonly given to induce or augment labour and to decrease postpartum bleeding.AIM: To systematically review studies measuring plasma oxytocin levels in women and newborns following maternal administration of synthetic oxytocin during labour, birth and/or postpartum and to consider possible impacts on endogenous oxytocin and related systems.METHODS: Systematic searches of PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Scopus databases followed PRISMA guidelines, including all peer-reviewed studies in languages understood by the authors. Thirty-five publications met inclusion criteria, including 1373 women and 148 newborns. Studies varied substantially in design and methodology, so classical meta-analysis was not possible. Therefore, results were categorized, analysed and summarised in text and tables.RESULTS: Infusions of synthetic oxytocin increased maternal plasma oxytocin levels dose-dependently; doubling the infusion rate approximately doubled oxytocin levels. Infusions below 10 milliunits per minute (mU/min) did not raise maternal oxytocin above the range observed in physiological labour. At high intrapartum infusion rates (up to 32 mU/min) maternal plasma oxytocin reached 2-3 times physiological levels. Postpartum synthetic oxytocin regimens used comparatively higher doses with shorter duration compared to labour, giving greater but transient maternal oxytocin elevations. Total postpartum dose was comparable to total intrapartum dose following vaginal birth, but post-caesarean dosages were higher. Newborn oxytocin levels were higher in the umbilical artery vs. umbilical vein, and both were higher than maternal plasma levels, implying substantial fetal oxytocin production in labour. Newborn oxytocin levels were not further elevated following maternal intrapartum synthetic oxytocin, suggesting that synthetic oxytocin at clinical doses does not cross from mother to fetus.CONCLUSIONS: Synthetic oxytocin infusion during labour increased maternal plasma oxytocin levels 2-3-fold at the highest doses and was not associated with neonatal plasma oxytocin elevations. Therefore, direct effects from synthetic oxytocin transfer to maternal brain or fetus are unlikely. However, infusions of synthetic oxytocin in labour change uterine contraction patterns. This may influence uterine blood flow and maternal autonomic nervous system activity, potentially harming the fetus and increasing maternal pain and stress.
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| 8. |
- Dina, Fikrije, et al.
(författare)
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How school nurses experience their work with schoolchildren who have mental illnes : a qualitative study in a Swedish context
- 2014
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Ingår i: Global Journal of Health Science. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1916-9736 .- 1916-9744. ; 6:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Reports from research have shown that mental illness has increased dramatically in recent years and is currently one of the biggest problems among Swedish children and adolescents. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how Swedish school nurses experience their work with schoolchildren who have mental illness Method: Data were gained by individual interviews with school nurses (n = 10) and were analyzed by using manifest qualitative content analysis. Results: The results of the study showed that school nurses used various tools when working with schoolchildren who have mental illness. The working tools were regular health talks, motivational interviewing, individual counseling, family counseling, creating trust, and affirming the child's confidence. Conclusion: Results of the study demonstrate the need for further research on schoolchildren's experience of getting help and support from the school nurse.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Klimczuk, Andrzej, et al.
(författare)
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State of the art on ethical, legal, and social issues linked to audio-and video-based AAL solutions
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ambient assisted living (AAL) technologies are increasingly presented and sold as essential smart additions to daily life and home environments that will radically transform the healthcare and wellness markets of the future. An ethical approach and a thorough understanding of all ethics in surveillance/monitoring architectures are therefore pressing. AAL poses many ethical challenges raising questions that will affect immediate acceptance and long-term usage. Furthermore, ethical issues emerge from social inequalities and their potential exacerbation by AAL, accentuating the existing access gap between high-income countries (HIC) and low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Legal aspects mainly refer to the adherence to existing legal frameworks and cover issues related to product safety, data protection, cybersecurity, intellectual property, and access to data by public, private, and government bodies. Successful privacy-friendly AAL applications are needed, as the pressure to bring Internet of Things (IoT) devices and ones equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) quickly to market cannot overlook the fact that the environments in which AAL will operate are mostly private (e.g., the home). The social issues focus on the impact of AAL technologies before and after their adoption. Future AAL technologies need to consider all aspects of equality such as gender, race, age and social disadvantages and avoid increasing loneliness and isolation among, e.g. older and frail people. Finally, the current power asymmetries between the target and general populations should not be underestimated nor should the discrepant needs and motivations of the target group and those developing and deploying AAL systems. Whilst AAL technologies provide promising solutions for the health and social care challenges, they are not exempt from ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI). A set of ELSI guidelines is needed to integrate these factors at the research and development stage.
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