| 1. |
- Fojo Media Institute, .
(författare)
-
Kurwanya ikwirakwira ru’ amakuru y’ ibinyoma : Imfashanyigisho mu kugenzura no kumenya ukuri mu makuru
- 2020
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Iyi Imfashanyigisho ku buryo bwo gushakisha ibimenyetso nyabyo byemeza amakuru y’ukuri igenewe abanyamakuru b’abanyafurika yateguwe na Africa Check. Igamije kubaha ubumenyi n’inama zifatika hagamijwe gukumira ikwirakwizwa ry’amakuru y’ibinyoma. Aka gatabo kateguwe mu gihe isi iri mu rugamba rwo kurwanya icyorezo cya Covid-19, gatanga incamake yumvikana ku buryo bwo gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bimenyetso nyabyo byemeza amakuru y’ukuri ku makuru y’ubuzima.Ku bindi bisobanuro, kimwe na raporo nshya ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bimenyetso nyabyo byemeza amakuru y’ukuri, sura urubuga rwacu kuri www.africacheck.org
|
|
| 2. |
- De Pascalis, Roberto, et al.
(författare)
-
Models Derived from In Vitro Analyses of Spleen, Liver, and Lung Leukocyte Functions Predict Vaccine Efficacy against the Francisella tularensis Live Vaccine Strain (LVS)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: mBio. - 2161-2129 .- 2150-7511. ; 5:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, there are no licensed vaccines and no correlates of protection against Francisella tularensis, which causes tularemia. We recently demonstrated that measuring in vitro control of intramacrophage bacterial growth by murine F. tularensis-immune splenocytes, as well as transcriptional analyses, discriminated Francisella vaccines of different efficacies. Further, we identified potential correlates of protection against systemic challenge. Here, we extended this approach by studying leukocytes derived from lungs and livers of mice immunized by parenteral and respiratory routes with F. tularensis vaccines. Liver and lung leukocytes derived from intradermally and intranasally vaccinated mice controlled in vitro Francisella Live Vaccine Strain (LVS) intramacrophage replication in patterns similar to those of splenocytes. Gene expression analyses of potential correlates also revealed similar patterns in liver cells and splenocytes. In some cases (e. g., tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin 22 [IL-22], and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]), liver cells exhibited even higher relative gene expression, whereas fewer genes exhibited differential expression in lung cells. In contrast with their strong ability to control LVS replication, splenocytes from intranasally vaccinated mice expressed few genes with a hierarchy of expression similar to that of splenocytes from intradermally vaccinated mice. Thus, the relative levels of gene expression vary between cell types from different organs and by vaccination route. Most importantly, because studies comparing cell sources and routes of vaccination supported the predictive validity of this coculture and gene quantification approach, we combined in vitro LVS replication with gene expression data to develop analytical models that discriminated between vaccine groups and successfully predicted the degree of vaccine efficacy. Thus, this strategy remains a promising means of identifying and quantifying correlative T cell responses.IMPORTANCEIdentifying and quantifying correlates of protection is especially challenging for intracellular bacteria, including Francisella tularensis. F. tularensis is classified as a category A bioterrorism agent, and no vaccines have been licensed in the United States, but tularemia is a rare disease. Therefore, clinical trials to test promising vaccines are impractical. In this report, we further evaluated a novel approach to developing correlates by assessing T cell immune responses in lungs and livers of differentially vaccinated mice; these nonprofessional immune tissues are colonized by Francisella. The relative degree of vaccine efficacy against systemic challenge was reflected by the ability of immune T cells, particularly liver T cells, to control the intramacrophage replication of bacteria in vitro and by relative gene expression of several immunological mediators. We therefore developed analytical models that combined bacterial replication data and gene expression data. Several resulting models provided excellent discrimination between vaccines of different efficacies.
|
|
| 3. |
- De Pasquale, M, et al.
(författare)
-
SWIFT AND FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF THE EARLY AFTERGLOW OF THE SHORT GAMMA-RAY BURST 090510
- 2010
-
Ingår i: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS. - 2041-8205. ; 709:2, s. L146-L151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the observations of GRB090510 performed by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope and the Swift observatory. This is a bright, short burst that shows an extended emission detected in the GeV range. Furthermore, its optical emission initially rises, a feature so far observed only in long bursts, while the X-ray flux shows an initial shallow decrease, followed by a steeper decay. This exceptional behavior enables us to investigate the physical properties of the gamma-ray burst outflow, poorly known in short bursts. We discuss internal and external shock models for the broadband energy emission of this object.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Andreasson, Jesper, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
(Un)Becoming a Fitness Doper: Negotiating the Meaning of Illicit Drug Use in a Gym and Fitness Context
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sport and Social Issues. - : SAGE Publications. - 0193-7235 .- 1552-7638. ; 44:1, s. 93-109
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The widespread availability of doping and its growing prevalence among fitness groups has contributed greatly to the realization of an emergent public health issue. Emanating from an ethnographic study in Sweden, the purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the processes involved in becoming and “unbecoming” a fitness doping user. The study employs a cultural and sociological perspective as its theoretical framework and discusses how the participating users gradually develop their knowledge about the drugs and how the process of becoming a user is negotiated in relation to ideas and ideals concerning health, gender, and individual freedom and Swedish law. Regarding exit processes, (re)entering into what is perceived to be an ordinary “normal” life was seldom a straightforward process. To understand the complex and sometimes complicated transition processes involved in becoming respectively unbecoming a fitness doper, the results highlight the limitations of using stage models for understanding exit process as heuristic tools. Furthermore, the article argue for the necessity to investigate the negotiations of fitness doping, taking place in the intersection between subcultural affiliations/spaces, doping legislation, and mainstream perceptions of living a “Normal” life. It is argued that processes of (un)becoming a fitness doper are anything but linear and thus need to be understood in relation to sociocultural belonging and ongoing negotiation of the individual’s sense of self.
|
|
| 6. |
- Dam, J. S, et al.
(författare)
-
Fiber optic system for in vivo real-time determination of tissue optical properties from steady-state diffuse reflectance measurements
- 2000
-
Ingår i: PHOTON MIGRATION, DIFFUSE SPECTROSCOPY AND OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY: IMAGING AND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. - 0819438162 ; 1:31, s. 103-109
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a versatile and compact fiber optic probe for real-time determination of the absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients from spatially resolved continuous wave diffuse reflectance measurements. The probe collects the diffuse reflectance at six distances in the range 0.6 - 7.8 mm at four arbitrary wavelengths, which were 660, 785, 805, and 974 nm in these experiments. The maximum sampling rate for one cycle of measurements including all four wavelengths is about 100 Hz. The absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients are extracted real-time from the probe measurements using multivariate calibration methods based on multiple polynomial regression and Newton-Raphson algorithms. The system was calibrated on a 6x7 matrix of Intralipid/ink phantoms with optical properties within typical biological ranges, e.g. at 785 nm, the ranges of the absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients, were 0 - 0.3 /cm and 6 - 16 /cm, respectively. Cross-validation tests shoved that the mean prediction error, relative to the ranges of absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients were 2.8 \% and 1.3 \%, respectively.
|
|
| 7. |
-
Gender regimes, citizen participation and rural restructuring
- 2008
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This book aims to unravel how rural gender regimes are constituted, enforced, made sense of and resisted, and ho struggles of resistance lead to empowerment and change in various countries in the four corners of Europe as well s Australia and India. The book focuses on the intricate relationship between laws and institutions and everyday life. It analyzes on the one hand how laws and institutions are constituted and on the other hand how gender regimes are built at the local rural level, sometimes in compliance with these frames and sometimes contesting them, The articles, in diverse ways, give voice both to women’s struggles for recognition and men’s voices in gendered rural societies. Through applying the concept of the welfare state and gender regimes within rural research, this book contributes to the further development of a comparative theoretical framework for rural gender studies. The importance of integrating rural gender studies into both the mainstreams of rural and feminist research has been emphasized in previous research, as has that of developing comparative analytical frameworks. The conceptual framework adopted in this volume wets out to meet this challenge by approaching rural gender relations and the meeting point of two core research areas: gender regimes and rural transformative processes. Research into gender regimes offers a promising analytical framework for comparing gender relations in diverse rural settings. At the same time, by addressing rural concerns deriving from the specificity of rural transition processes and gender regimes, the approach also contributes to an elucidation of the complexity of citizenship.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Seashore-Ludlow, Brinton, et al.
(författare)
-
1,3-Bis(silyl)propenes
- 2011
-
Ingår i: E-EROS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF REAGENTS FOR ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. - : John Wiley & Sons.
-
Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
