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- Söderqvist, Tore, et al.
(författare)
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An ecosystem service approach for analyzing marine human activities in Sweden : A synthesis for the Economic and Social Analysis of the Initial Assessment of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The initial assessment (IA) of the implementation of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) includes an economic and social analysis (ESA). This analysis covers two components: (1) the use of marine waters and (2) the cost of degradation of the marine environment. The Swedish ESA work has entailed four different areas, reported in four separate reports: A. The maritime sector (IVL and Enveco, 2012 "Report A") B. Marine tourism and recreation (Enveco, DHI and Resurs, 2012 "Report B") C. Oil spill (IVL, Enveco and EnviroEconomics Sweden, 2012 "Report C") D. Marine litter (Enveco and DHI, 2012 "Report D") The purpose of this analysis is to synthesize the results of the four reports. The Swedish ESA is based on the ecosystem service approach and also on the DPSIR framework for sorting out relationships between Drivers, Pressures, State, Impact and Response. The point of departure in terms of marine ecosystem services is the classification in Table 0.1. We apply an ecosystem service analysis that in principle follows the procedure of a Corporate Ecosystem Services Review (ESR) (WRI, 2008) for evaluating a human activity’s dependence of – and impact on – eco system services. In the DPSIR context, the focus is on both how a driver influences the status of ecosystem services through its pressure and how the driver is affected by the status of ecosystem services. In short, this analysis applies the following four steps: I. Identify the human activities, i.e. the drivers. II. Identify associated pressure (for each driver) and determine (1) which ecosystem service(s) it is mainly dependent upon and (2) which ecosystem services it mainly affects. Based on this "filter", select the most relevant ecosystem services for further analysis. III. Analyze the status and trends in the selected ecosystem services by associating them to Good Environmental Status (GES) descriptors and indicators. IV. Analyze how a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario influences the trend in GES indicators and thus, the implied status of ecosystem services.
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