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- Hassmén, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Intra-individual variability in state anxiety and self-confidence in elite golfers
- 2004
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In: Journal of Sport Behavior. - : University of South Alabama. - 0162-7341. ; 27:3, s. 277-290
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Precompetition anxiety levels are assumed to moderate athletic performance. Unfortunately, cross-sectional and nomothetic research designs have often shown non-significant findings; intra-individual variability may be a contributing factor. The extent of variability in precompetition anxiety and self-confidence responses as related to golf performance and trait measures were therefore examined using an idiographic approach. Individual patterns of variability were found for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety and Self-Confidence scores yielded prior to the games played. Variability in Somatic Anxiety was significantly related to variability in golf performance. Players low in anxiety variability scored significantly higher on Private Self-Consciousness. The findings suggest the influence of anxiety and self-confidence on performance may be better understood when trait characteristics of the individual are also considered.
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